JP2018012594A - Unloader and manufacturing method of unloader - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an unloader which suppresses generation of rotation moment in a trolley with a vertical direction as a central axis.SOLUTION: In an unloader on which four drums D1-D4 for delivering and winding ropes R1-4 respectively are arranged, a land side support drum D1 and a sea side support drum D2 are oppositely arranged in a sea-land direction, a land side opening/closing drum D3 and a sea side opening/closing drum D4 are oppositely arranged in the sea-land direction, and the ropes delivered from the respective drums D1-D4 are coupled to a grab bucket 6 via sheaves S1-S4 installed at ends of a boom and a girder extending in the sea-land direction and sheaves S11, S21, S31, S41 installed on a trolley 5.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to an unloader including four drums wound with a rope and a method for manufacturing the unloader, and more particularly, to manufacture an unloader and an unloader that suppresses generation of a rotational moment about the vertical direction in the trolley. It is about the method.

  Various unloaders have been proposed for use when unloading bulk cargo such as coal or iron ore from bulk carriers (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  Document 1 connects four ropes fed out from four drums to a grab bucket (hereinafter also referred to as a bucket), and rotates the four drums in a mutually associated state. We propose an unloader that moves the trolley up and down, traverses the trolley and opens and closes the bucket.

  The four drums of the unloader described in Literature 1 are a land-side support drum wound around a land-side support rope that is fed out to the land side and connected to a support part of the bucket, and a drum that is fed out to the sea side to support the bucket. A sea-side support drum wound with a sea-side support rope connected to the section, a land-side open / close drum wound with a land-side open / close rope drawn out to the land side and connected to the bucket opening / closing section, And a sea-side opening / closing drum wound with a sea-side opening / closing rope that is fed to the side and connected to the opening / closing portion of the bucket. The land-side support drum and the sea-side opening / closing drum are arranged to face each other in the state of facing the sea-land direction, and the land-side opening / closing drum and the sea-side support drum are arranged to face each other in the state of facing the sea-land direction.

  If the tension of the open / close rope is smaller than that of the support ropes on the land side and the sea side, the bucket may open unintentionally due to the structure, so it is possible to control the tension of the open / close rope to always be larger. Conceivable. In this case, since the tension of the rope stretched from the trolley toward each drum is not uniform, a rotational moment with the vertical axis as the central axis is generated in the trolley. When the trolley rotates around the vertical direction as the central axis, unintentional shaking may occur in the bucket suspended below the trolley. It is not desirable for the bucket to swing unintentionally when performing a cargo handling operation.

International Publication No. 98/06657

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an unloader and a method for manufacturing the unloader that suppress the generation of a rotational moment about the vertical direction in the trolley.

The unloader of the present invention that achieves the above object includes four drums respectively for feeding and winding the rope, a boom and a girder that extend in the sea-land direction and are linearly arranged from the sea side, and the boom and girder. , A sheave arranged on the trolley and hung around the rope, and a grab bucket suspended by the rope below the sheave, the four drums, A land-side support drum wound with a land-side support rope connected to a support portion of the grab bucket via a first sheave arranged at a land-side end of a girder and a sheave on the trolley; and the boom A seaside support drum wound with a second sheave arranged at the seaside end of the seam and a seaside support rope connected to the support via a sheave on the trolley A land-side opening / closing drum wound with a land-side opening / closing rope connected to the opening / closing portion of the grab bucket via a third sheave disposed on the land-side end of the girder and a sheave on the trolley; An unloader comprising a fourth sheave disposed at a sea end of a boom and a sea opening / closing drum wound with a sea opening / closing rope connected to the opening / closing portion via a sheave on the trolley. In the sea-land direction, the sea-side support drum and the land-side support drum are arranged to face each other, and the sea-side opening / closing drum and the land-side opening / closing drum are arranged to face each other.

  The unloader manufacturing method of the present invention includes four drums for respectively feeding and winding a rope, a boom and a girder extending in the sea-land direction and arranged linearly from the sea side, and along the boom and the girder. A traversing trolley, a sheave arranged on the trolley and hung by the rope, and a grab bucket suspended by the rope below the sheave, wherein the four drums are arranged on the land of the girder. A land-side support drum wound with a land-side support rope connected to a support portion of the grab bucket via a first sheave arranged at a side end and a sheave on the trolley, and the sea side of the boom A sea-side support drum wound with a sea-side support rope connected to the support part via a second sheave arranged at an end and a sheave on the trolley; A land-side opening / closing drum wound with a land-side opening / closing rope connected to the opening / closing portion of the grab bucket via a third sheave disposed on the land-side end of the earth and a sheave on the trolley; In a method of manufacturing an unloader comprising a fourth sheave disposed at the sea side end and a sea side opening / closing drum wound with a sea side opening / closing rope connected to the opening / closing portion via a sheave on the trolley, The sea-side support drum and the land-side support drum are arranged to face each other in the sea-land direction, and the sea-side opening / closing drum and the land-side opening / closing drum are arranged to face each other in the sea-land direction.

  According to the present invention, the land-side support rope and the sea-side support rope face the sea-land direction on the trolley, and the land-side open / close rope and the sea-side open / close rope face the sea-land direction. This is advantageous for suppressing the generation of a rotational moment centering on the vertical direction in the trolley.

  Even when the unloader is controlled so that the tension of the open / close rope is large with respect to the support rope, the land-side and sea-side support ropes balance the force in the sea-land direction, and the land-side and sea-side open / close ropes Since this balances the force in the sea-land direction, it is advantageous to suppress the generation of a rotational moment about the vertical direction in the trolley. Moreover, it becomes easy to balance the force generated in the sea-land direction of the trolley when the bucket is opened and closed.

  A pair of sheaves on the trolley on which the sea side support rope and the land side support rope are respectively hung are arranged opposite to each other in the sea-land direction, and the pair on the trolley on which the sea side opening / closing rope and the land side opening / closing rope are respectively hung. The sheaves can be configured to face each other in the sea-land direction.

  Since the land side support rope and the sea side support rope are arranged in a straight line in the sea-land direction, and the land side open / close rope and the sea side open / close rope are arranged in a straight line in the sea-land direction, this occurs in the trolley. It becomes easier to balance the force, and it is further advantageous to suppress the rotation of the trolley.

Since the sheaves arranged on the trolley can be arranged in a dense state, the width of the trolley in a direction perpendicular to the sea-land direction can be reduced. As a result, the width of the boom and girder can be reduced, which is advantageous for reducing the size and weight of the unloader.

  The rotation axes of the four drums are set in the vertical direction, and these drums can be arranged in a vertically arranged state.

  The ropes fed from the four drums to the corresponding sheaves only move up and down on the drum as the ropes are fed, and do not move in the horizontal direction. Therefore, it is advantageous in avoiding a problem that the rope angle is steep with respect to the sheave and the rope is detached from the sheave.

It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the unloader of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the state by which the rope of the unloader of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the unloader of FIG. 2 by planar view. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the positional relationship of four drums by planar view. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the sheave arrange | positioned on a trolley by planar view. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the modification of the trolley of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the modification of the unloader of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the modification of the trolley of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the trolley of FIG. 8 by a side view. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the modification of the unloader of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the modification of the unloader of FIG. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a range of a fleet angle of the sheave in FIG. 3. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the range of the fleet angle of the sheave of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the range of the fleet angle of the drum of FIG.

  Hereinafter, the unloader of this invention is demonstrated based on embodiment shown in the figure. In the drawing, the sea-land direction (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the transverse direction) in which the boom of the unloader is extended is indicated by an arrow x, the traveling direction of the unloader is indicated by an arrow y, and the vertical direction is indicated by an arrow z.

  As illustrated in FIG. 1, an unloader 1 according to the present invention includes a leg structure 2, a boom 3 and a girder 4 that are supported on an upper portion of the leg structure 2 and extend in the transverse direction x, and the boom 3 and A trolley 5 that traverses in the transverse direction x along the girder 4 and a grab bucket (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a bucket) 6 disposed below the trolley 5 are provided. The boom 3 and the girder 4 are arranged in order from the sea side in a straight line in the transverse direction x.

  A machine room 7 is arranged in the leg structure 2, and a drum D around which a rope R is wound is arranged in the machine room 7. The rope R fed out from the drum D is connected to the bucket 6 via a sheave S and a trolley 5 arranged at the tip of the boom 3 and the rear end of the girder 4, respectively. The arrangement position of the machine room 7 is not limited to the above, and may be arranged on the girder 4.

  A cab 8 that can move in the transverse direction independently of the trolley 5 is disposed at a height near the trolley 5. A controller for operating the unloader 1 by a crane operator is installed in the cab 8.

As illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, four drums D around which the ropes R are wound are arranged in the machine room 7. The four drums D include a land side support drum D1, a sea side support drum D2, a land side opening / closing drum D3, and a sea side opening / closing drum D4. As illustrated in FIG. 3, each of the drums D <b> 1 to D <b> 4 includes a motor M that applies a driving force to the drum D and a speed reducer 11 that transmits the driving force of the motor M to the drum D. In the figure, the trolley 5 is indicated by a broken line and the machine room 7 is omitted for explanation.

  The land-side support rope R1 fed out from the land-side support drum D1 passes through the first sheave S1 disposed at the land-side end of the girder 4 and the sheave S11 disposed at the trolley 5 to support the support 9 of the bucket 6. It is connected to. The sea-side support rope R2 fed out from the sea-side support drum D2 passes through the second sheave S2 disposed at the sea-side end of the boom 3 and the sheave S21 disposed at the trolley 5 to support the support 9 of the bucket 6. It is connected to.

  The land-side opening / closing rope R3 fed out from the land-side opening / closing drum D3 passes through the third sheave S3 disposed at the land-side end of the girder 4 and the sheave S31 disposed at the trolley 5, and the opening-closing portion 10 of the bucket 6 It is connected to. The sea side opening / closing rope R4 fed out from the sea side opening / closing drum D4 passes through the fourth sheave S4 arranged at the sea side end of the boom 3 and the sheave S41 arranged at the trolley 5, and the opening / closing part 10 of the bucket 6 is provided. It is connected to.

  The arrangement position of the sheave S and the route around the rope R are not limited to the above. The number of sheaves S may be increased or decreased, or the arrangement position thereof may be changed. Moreover, although the bucket 6 is arrange | positioned in the state opened and closed in the horizontal direction x in FIG. 1, this invention is not limited to this structure. The bucket 6 may be disposed so as to open and close in the traveling direction y.

  As illustrated in FIG. 3, each drum D disposed in the machine room 7 is disposed so that the land-side support drum D1 and the sea-side support drum D2 face each other in the transverse direction x. The sea-side opening / closing drum D4 is disposed so as to face each other in the transverse direction x.

  Here, the facing arrangement means a straight line L1 connecting the centers of the land-side support drum D1 and the sea-side support drum D2 in a plan view, as shown in FIG. 4, and the centers of the land-side opening / closing drum D3 and the sea-side opening / closing drum D4. A state where the straight line L2 connecting the two does not intersect in an area surrounded by the four drums D1 to D4 in a plan view. On the other hand, the conventional drum arrangement in which the straight line L1 connecting the support drums D1 and D2 and the straight line L2 connecting the opening and closing drums D3 and D4 intersect in the area surrounded by the four drums D1 to D4 is hereinafter referred to as a diagonal arrangement. Sometimes.

  In FIG. 4, the angle formed by the straight line L1 and the straight line extending in the transverse direction x is denoted by θ1, and the angle formed by the straight line L2 and the straight line L2 is denoted by θ2. It is desirable to arrange each drum D in a state where the angles θ1 and θ2 formed are within a range of ± 45 °, or to arrange each drum D in a state within a range of ± 5 °. More preferably, each drum D is arranged in a state where the angles θ1 and θ2 formed are 0 °. That is, as illustrated in FIG. 3, the land-side support drum D1 and the sea-side support drum D2 are arranged in a state of being aligned on a straight line extending in the transverse direction x, and the land-side open / close drum D3 and the sea-side open / close drum D4 are arranged. It arrange | positions in the state aligned on the straight line extended in the horizontal direction x.

  As illustrated in FIG. 5, the sheave S11 and the sheave S21 on the trolley 5 are disposed to face each other in the transverse direction x, and the sheave S31 and the sheave S41 are arranged to face each other in the transverse direction x. The sheave S11 and the sheave S21 are arranged in a state shifted in the traveling direction y, and the sheave S31 and the sheave S41 are arranged in a state shifted in the traveling direction y. As a result, the ropes R extending downward from the sheave S toward the bucket 6 can be aligned in a straight line in the traveling direction y as indicated by a broken line L3.

In each sheave S11, S21, S31, S41 arranged in the trolley 5, an external force F in the transverse direction x is generated according to the tension of each rope R. The land-side support rope R1 and the sea-side support rope R2 generate an external force F in the opposite direction with respect to the trolley 5 at a position relatively close to each other. In addition, the land side opening / closing rope R3 and the sea side opening / closing rope R4 generate an external force F in the opposite direction to the trolley 5 at a position relatively close to each other.

  By canceling out these external forces F in opposite directions, it is possible to suppress the rotational moment m having the vertical axis z as the central axis from being generated in the trolley 5. Since the vibration of the trolley 5 accompanying the generation of the rotational moment m can be suppressed, it is advantageous to prevent the bucket 6 suspended from the trolley 5 from unintentionally shaking.

  Since each rope R is connected to the bucket 6 in a line in the running direction y, that is, along the broken line L3, the bucket 6 is intentionally swung in the transverse direction x and is transferred into the hold of the ship. It will be advantageous. Since the crane operator can swing the bucket 6 to a target place in the hold, the work efficiency of cargo handling can be improved.

  As illustrated in FIG. 6, sheaves S11 and S21 on the trolley 5 are arranged to face each other in a state of being aligned on a straight line extending in the horizontal direction x, and the sheaves S31 and S41 are aligned on a straight line extending in the horizontal direction x. You may make it the structure which opposes in the state made to carry out.

  For example, when the bucket 6 is wound up or down, the same tension is generated in the land side support rope R1 and the sea side support rope R2, and the same tension is generated in the land side opening / closing rope R3 and the sea side opening / closing rope R4.

  Since the land side support rope R1 and the sea side support rope R2 are arranged in a straight line, and the land side opening / closing rope R3 and the sea side opening / closing rope R4 are arranged in a straight line, the transverse direction x of the trolley 5 It is possible to cancel out the external forces F generated in Therefore, it is further advantageous to suppress the generation of the rotational moment m in the trolley 5.

  Even when the control is performed so that the tension on the side of the opening and closing ropes R3 and R4 is larger than that of the supporting ropes R1 and R2 so that the bucket 6 does not open unintentionally, the supporting ropes and the opening and closing ropes are Since the external force F generated in the transverse direction x of the trolley 5 is canceled, it is possible to prevent the rotational moment m from being generated in the trolley 5.

  The sheaves S arranged on the trolley 5 can be arranged densely in the center of the trolley 5 in plan view. According to this configuration, the external force F acts at a position close to the center of the trolley 5, so that the rotational moment m generated in the trolley 5 can be made relatively small. Therefore, even when the external force F having a different magnitude is generated in each sheave S arranged on the trolley 5 such as traversing the trolley 5 and opening / closing the bucket 6, the rotational moment m generated in the trolley 5 is suppressed. Is advantageous.

  Further, by arranging the sheaves S densely on the trolley 5, the width of the trolley 5 in the traveling direction y can be reduced. Accordingly, the width of the boom 3 and the girder 4 in which the trolley 5 travels in the traveling direction y can be reduced, which is advantageous in reducing the size and weight of the unloader 1.

  As illustrated in FIG. 7, the land-side support drum D1 and the sea-side support drum D2 are disposed to face each other in the transverse direction x, and the land-side opening / closing drum D3 and the sea-side opening / closing drum D4 are disposed in the transverse direction x. While facing each other in a state of facing each other, the land-side opening / closing drum D3 and the sea-side opening / closing drum D4 can be disposed above the land-side supporting drum D1 and the sea-side supporting drum D2. That is, in the plan view, the support drums D1 and D2 and the open / close drums D3 and D4 can be arranged to overlap each other.

Since the drums D1 to D4 are arranged so as to overlap in the vertical direction z, it is advantageous to reduce the width of the machine room 7 in the traveling direction y. In this embodiment, the support drums D1 and D2 are disposed below and the open / close drums D3 and D4 are disposed above. However, the present invention is not limited to this configuration. The support drums D1 and D2 may be arranged on the upper side, and the open / close drums D3 and D4 may be arranged on the lower side.

  As illustrated in FIGS. 8 and 9, the sheaves S <b> 11, S <b> 21, S <b> 31, S <b> 41 arranged on the trolley 5 can be arranged in a straight line in the transverse direction x. A straight line connecting the sheaves is arranged so as to pass through the central portion of the trolley 5 in plan view.

  In this embodiment, a sheave S11 that is hung around the land-side support rope R1 and a sheave S21 that is hung around the sea-side support rope R2 are arranged above, and a sheave S31 around which the land-side opening / closing rope R3 is hung. And a sheave S41 around which the sea side opening / closing rope R4 is hung. The sheaves arranged at different heights in the vertical direction z may be arranged in a state where a part thereof overlaps in the vertical direction z.

  Even if the external force F generated in the transverse direction x of the trolley 5 is not balanced by this configuration, the external force F becomes a force passing through the center portion in the plan view of the trolley 5, so that the rotational moment m is almost equal to the trolley 5. It does not occur. Generation of the rotational moment m in the trolley 5 can be suppressed. Further, since the width of the trolley 5 in the traveling direction y can be further reduced, it is advantageous for reducing the size and weight of the unloader 1.

  As illustrated in FIGS. 10 and 11, the rotation axes of the four drums D may be set in the vertical direction, and the drums D may be arranged in a vertical state. Here, the vertically placed state means that the inclination of the rotation axis of the drum D with respect to the vertical plane is 45 ° or less.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 10, the four drums D are arranged with their rotation axes having an angle of 0 ° with respect to the vertical plane. That is, the drum D is arranged in a state where the rotation axis of each drum D is parallel to the vertical direction z.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 11, the four drums D are arranged with their rotation axes inclined toward the sheaves S <b> 1 to S <b> 4 on which the ropes R are fed out. That is, each drum D is arranged in a state where the upper end side of the drum D is inclined in a direction approaching the corresponding sheave S. At this time, it is desirable that the rotation axis of each drum D be arranged in a state having an angle of greater than 0 ° and less than 45 ° with respect to the vertical plane.

  The rope R fed from the drum D to the sheaves S1 to S4 only moves along the vertical direction z on the drum D as the rope R is fed, and does not move in the horizontal direction (traveling direction y). Therefore, in this embodiment, it is possible to employ a drum D that is longer in the axial direction of the rotation shaft than the drum D of the embodiment illustrated in FIG.

  FIG. 12 shows the relationship between the sheave S and the drum D in FIG. As illustrated in FIG. 12, the drum D includes a cylindrical winding portion 12 around which the rope R is wound, and flange portions 13 disposed on both sides of the winding portion 12 in the extending direction of the rotation axis C1 of the drum D. ing. In FIG. 12, the rotation axis C1 of the drum D and the rotation axis C2 of the sheave S are indicated by a one-dot chain line, and a center line L orthogonal to the rotation axes C1 and C2 is indicated by a two-dot chain line. The drum D and the sheave S are arranged with the rotation axis C1 of the drum D and the rotation axis C2 of the sheave S being parallel to each other. In plan view, the intersection of the rotation axis C1 and the center line L represents the center of the drum D, and the intersection of the rotation axis C2 and the center line L represents the center of the sheave S.

A point on the boundary line between the winding part 12 and the flange part 13 and intersecting the rotation axis C1 is connected to the center of the sheave S by a broken line. The angle between the broken line and the center line L is the fleet angle θ
1 and θ2. The rope R extending from the sheave S to the drum D is inclined in the extending direction of the rotation axes C1 and C2 with respect to the winding portion 12 and the sheave S of the drum D within the range of the fleet angles θ1 and θ2. That is, the range of the angle at which the rope R fed out to the drum D is inclined with respect to the sheave S in the direction of the rotation axis C2 is referred to as a fleet angle θ of the sheave S.

  If the fleet angles θ1 to θ3 are within a predetermined range, the rope R can be prevented from falling off the sheave S, and the rope R can be wound around the drum D neatly. If the fleet angles θ1 to θ3 exceed the appropriate range and become too large, the rope R may come off from the sheave S, or the distance between the ropes R that are wound without the rope R being wound around the predetermined position of the drum D There is a problem that will open. The range of the fleet angles θ1 to θ3 is determined in the range of 0 ° to 4.0 °, for example. The range of the fleet angles θ1 to θ3 is not limited to the above, and is set in advance according to the shape of the drum D or the sheave S.

  In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3, in order to keep the fleet angles θ <b> 1 and θ <b> 2 of the rope R extending from the seaside or land-side sheave S to the drum D within a predetermined range, the drum D has a rotational axis direction (FIG. 3). Is formed in a shape that is relatively short in the running direction y) and relatively large in diameter.

  10 and FIG. 11, when the drum D is arranged vertically, the rotation axis C1 of the drum D with respect to the rotation axis C2 of the sheave S is a position rotated around the center line L. Become. That is, the rotation axis C1 of the drum D is not parallel to the rotation axis C2 of the sheave S and is a twisted position that does not intersect.

  FIG. 13 shows the relationship between the sheave S and the drum D in FIG. In FIG. 13, the drum D is shown as a cross section cut along a plane parallel to the xy plane. The rope R fed out from the drum D is sent to the sheave S with the fleet angles θ1 and θ2 being 0 °. That is, the rope R fed out from the drum D is sent along the center line L to the sheave S. The position of the rope R fed out from the drum D moves up and down along the extending direction of the rotation axis C1 of the drum D parallel to the up and down direction z. Even if the axial length of the rotation axis C1 of the drum D is changed, the fleet angles θ1 and θ2 of the rope R extending from the sheave S to the drum D do not change. Therefore, when the sheave S having the same range of fleet angles θ1 and θ2 as the sheave S of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 12 is employed in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 13, the rotation axis C1 direction is greater than the drum D of FIG. A long drum D can be used.

  As shown in FIG. 14, in the vertical direction z, the angle formed by the rope R fed from the drum D toward the sheave S with respect to the plane perpendicular to the rotation axis C1 of the drum D (the fleet angle of the drum D). The length of the drum D in the direction of the rotation axis C1 is determined so that θ3 is also within a predetermined range. When the fleet angle θ3 of the drum D exceeds a predetermined range, there arises a problem that an interval between the ropes R wound around the drum D is increased.

  As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the configuration in which the drum D is arranged in the vertical state can reduce the fleet angles θ <b> 1 and θ <b> 2 of the sheave S, so that the rope R rolls or twists in the groove of the sheave S. It is advantageous to suppress this and improve the fatigue resistance of the rope R.

When the drum D is not arranged vertically, the land-side sheaves S1, S3 must be secured to some extent from the land-side end of the leg structure 2 to the land-side sheaves S1, S3 arranged on the girder 4. It was difficult to keep the fleet angles θ1 and θ2 within a predetermined range. In the case of the unloader 1 having a relatively short back reach, which is the distance from the land side end of the leg structure 2 to the land side end of the girder 4, the machine room 7 cannot be disposed on the leg structure 2. , Had to be placed on the girder 4. However, when the drum D is arranged in the vertical state, the fleet angles θ1 and θ2 of the land-side sheaves S1 and S3 can be reduced, so that the unloader 1 with a relatively short back reach can be placed on the leg structure 2 on the machine room. 7 can be arranged.

  Even if the pair of sea-side sheaves S2 and S4 are arranged close to the traveling direction y and the pair of land-side sheaves S1 and S4 are arranged close to the traveling direction y, the fleet angles θ1 and θ2 of the sheave S are predetermined. Can be kept within the range. Accordingly, the sheaves S11, S21, S31, and S41 arranged on the trolley 5 can be easily brought closer to the center of the trolley 5 in the traveling direction y. Since the sheaves S arranged on the trolley 5 can be concentrated on the central portion of the trolley 5 in plan view, it is advantageous to reduce the rotational moment m generated in the trolley 5 via the rope R.

  Even if the drum D arranged in the vertical state is made long in the axial direction of the rotating shaft, the range of the fleet angles θ1 and θ2 of the sheaves S1 to S4 will not be widened. Is possible. Since the diameter of the drum D can be reduced, the speed reducer 11 having a relatively small speed reduction ratio can be employed, which is advantageous in reducing the manufacturing cost of the speed reducer 11.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 11, it is desirable that the drum D is inclined and arranged such that the rope R extending from the center of the drum D toward the corresponding sheave S is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the drum D. This is because the angle of the rope R fed out from the drum D (the fleet angle θ3 of the drum D) can be made most gradual. It is advantageous to wind the rope R cleanly by the drum D.

  The drums D placed in the vertically placed state are not limited to the configuration in which the drums D are arranged with the same inclination with respect to the vertical plane, and the drums D may be arranged with different inclinations. For example, since the distance to the sheaves S1 and S3 corresponding to the land-side drums D1 and D3 is shorter, the inclination of the rotation axis with respect to the vertical plane is set larger. As a result, the angle of the rope R fed from the drum D (the fleet angle θ3 of the drum D) can be easily made gentle.

  As for the position where the drum D is disposed, the land-side support drum D1 and the sea-side support drum D2 are disposed opposite to each other in the transverse direction x, and the land-side opening / closing drum D3 and the sea-side opening / closing drum D4 are disposed opposite to each other in the transverse direction x. For example, it is not limited to the above. For example, the drum D may be arranged below the boom 3 and the girder 4, and the land-side drums D <b> 1 and D <b> 3 are arranged below the land-side end of the girder 4 and below the sea-side end of the boom 3. The sea side drums D2 and D4 may be arranged respectively.

1 Unloader 2 Leg structure 3 Boom 4 Girder 5 Trolley 6 Grab bucket (bucket)
7 Machine room 8 Operator room 9 Supporting part 10 Opening and closing part 11 Reduction gear 12 Winding part 13 Flange part D Drum D1 Land side supporting drum D2 Sea side supporting drum D3 Land side opening and closing drum D4 Sea side opening and closing drum R Rope R1 Land side supporting rope R2 Sea side support rope R3 Land side opening and closing rope R4 Sea side opening and closing rope S Sheave S1 First sheave S2 Second sheave S3 Third sheave S4 Fourth sheave S11, S21, S31, S41 Sheave m Rotation moment θ1, θ2 Sheave fleet Angle θ3 Drum fleet angle x Traverse direction y Travel direction z Vertical direction

Claims (6)

Four drums for feeding and winding the rope respectively, booms and girders extending in the sea-land direction and arranged linearly from the sea side, trolleys traversing along the booms and girders, and on the trolleys A sheave arranged and hung around the rope; and a grab bucket suspended by the rope below the sheave;
The four drums are
A land-side support drum wound with a land-side support rope connected to a support portion of the grab bucket via a first sheave disposed on the land-side end of the girder and a sheave on the trolley;
A sea-side support drum wound with a sea-side support rope connected to the support part via a second sheave disposed at the sea-side end of the boom and a sheave on the trolley;
A land-side opening / closing drum wound with a land-side opening / closing rope connected to an opening / closing portion of the grab bucket via a third sheave disposed on the land-side end of the girder and a sheave on the trolley;
In an unloader comprising a fourth sheave disposed at the sea end of the boom and a sea opening / closing drum wound with a sea opening / closing rope connected to the opening / closing portion via a sheave on the trolley.
An unloader comprising: a configuration in which the sea-side support drum and the land-side support drum are arranged to face each other in the sea-land direction, and the sea-side opening / closing drum and the land-side opening / closing drum are arranged to face each other. A pair of sheaves on the trolley on which the sea side support rope and the land side support rope are respectively hung are arranged opposite to each other in the sea-land direction,
The unloader according to claim 1, comprising a configuration in which a pair of sheaves on the trolley around which the sea side opening and closing rope and the land side opening and closing rope are wound are arranged to face each other in the sea and land direction.   The unloader according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rotation axes of the four drums are set in a vertical direction, and the drums are arranged in a vertical state. Four drums for feeding and winding the rope respectively, booms and girders extending in the sea-land direction and arranged linearly from the sea side, trolleys traversing along the booms and girders, and on the trolleys A sheave arranged and hung around the rope; and a grab bucket suspended by the rope below the sheave;
The four drums are
A land-side support drum wound with a land-side support rope connected to a support portion of the grab bucket via a first sheave disposed on the land-side end of the girder and a sheave on the trolley;
A sea-side support drum wound with a sea-side support rope connected to the support part via a second sheave disposed at the sea-side end of the boom and a sheave on the trolley;
A land-side opening / closing drum wound with a land-side opening / closing rope connected to an opening / closing portion of the grab bucket via a third sheave disposed on the land-side end of the girder and a sheave on the trolley;
Manufacture of an unloader comprising a fourth sheave disposed at the sea end of the boom and a sea opening / closing drum wound with a sea opening / closing rope connected to the opening / closing portion via a sheave on the trolley In the method
An unloader manufacturing method, wherein the sea-side support drum and the land-side support drum are arranged to face each other in the sea-land direction, and the sea-side open / close drum and the land-side open / close drum are arranged to face each other in the sea-land direction.   A pair of sheaves on the trolley on which the sea side support rope and the land side support rope are respectively hung are arranged opposite to each other in the sea-land direction, and the sea side opening / closing rope and the land side opening / closing rope are respectively hung. The unloader manufacturing method according to claim 4, wherein a pair of sheaves on the trolley to be disposed are opposed to each other in a sea-land direction.   The unloader manufacturing method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the rotation axes of the four drums are set in the vertical direction, and the drums are arranged in a vertically placed state.

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