JP2017535703A - Wave generator system with absorption shore - Google Patents

Abstract

A wave generator system (1) for generating waves in a water body (2) for leisure or sports applications, comprising a wave-dissipating shore (6) capable of avoiding the formation of bounce waves. The shore (6) includes a berth (7) having a height that decreases toward the floor (3) under the water mass (2), a permeable shore ceiling (8), and a plurality of internal compartments (17). And each compartment (17) provides resistance to passage of water in the direction towards the water mass (2) and allows water passage in the direction of the water mass (2). It includes one or more barriers (22) that leave a space (24). Waves absorbed by the shore (6) lose energy by moving through the compartment and return to the water mass (2) by gravity.

Description

  The present invention relates to wave generator systems, and in particular, generates waves in a water environment where a wave dissipating shore is provided that can absorb wave energy and minimize wave bounce. It is related with the system to make it.

(Prior art)
Many designs of devices and systems for generating waves in water environments are known in the prior art, and the purpose of these devices and systems is for human entertainment and to practice sports such as surfing It is to generate waves artificially in the water environment. Some examples of wave generator systems drag mobile elements through water (e.g., under water, through a water surface, and in contact with water like a paddle, or along the surface of the water). Based on pushing and forming waves, continuous waves are generated by moving the movable element circularly in forward and backward motion and / or by including various movable elements be able to. Another example of a wave generator system allows water to be discharged against a fixed profile or water to fall so that the water changes direction in a defined manner and forms a wave Is based on that. Depending on the type of device, the waves are relatively static, i.e. not traveling along the water environment, or dynamically, i.e. ocean waves are traveling, e.g. towards the shore. In the same way, it can be generated by moving along the water environment.

  Wave generator systems specifically designed for surfing present additional complexity compared to other wave generating devices. Specifically, these systems call for the formation of waves with very precise features and morphology. On the other hand, the waves should be high and preferably dynamic for better realism. In addition, the waves should move at a relatively high speed, break if possible, and present a tube where the surfer can perform his / her routines and techniques. Achieving waves that are suitable for surfing is an extremely complex task. Although not wasted, for years it has been thought that perfect artificial waves, which are exact copies of natural waves, do not exist or even cannot be generated.

  One of the difficulties presented in dynamic wave generator systems for surfing has been limited compared to the sea, where these systems are usually "infinite" to say relative Stems from the fact that it operates in a water environment with dimensions. For example, the water environment of these systems can be a lake, pond, or swimming pool surrounded by walls or shores with variable slope. In another example, the water environment may be in the form of a ring with walls or shores on the exterior and interior. In general, when a wave reaches the limit of the water environment and reaches a wall or shore, the wave rebounds in whole or in part toward the water environment, forming what can be called wave rebound. A wave bounce can collide with and merge with the next wave and destroy the wave form. Alternatively, wave bounce can proceed through the water after the wave generated by the system and prevent this water from submerging before the next wave passes (the wave has a perfect shape). Usually indispensable to ensure that it accompanies). In other words, wave bounce is a major obstacle that increases the time between waves continuously generated by the system, which adversely affects the final shape of the wave and makes it less suitable for surfing. And allow more time for the water to subside, thus adversely affecting the economic performance of the system.

  The present invention seeks to design a wave generation system in which the adverse effects of bounce waves from the edge of the water environment on the waves generated by the system are reduced or minimized.

  In order to meet the aforementioned objectives, a wave generator system for leisure or sports applications with a floor with a water mass thereon is proposed. Certain mechanisms not related to the present invention generate continuous waves, where there is a time difference between each wave and the next. For example, the waves may have a form, size and speed suitable for surfing. The water mass from which the waves are generated has an edge along which the waves travel. Along this edge is a bank. Like the present invention, this shore has a permeable pier ceiling, a berth with a height that decreases towards the floor under the water mass, and a floor and ceiling in which several compartments are defined. And a space between. The compartment slows down the water entering through the ceiling and directs it towards the water mass. Each compartment comprises at least one obstacle or barrier against which water affects. The barrier leaves space to allow water to pass towards the water mass. In addition, the compartments are preferably separated by lateral walls extending from the quay to the quay ceiling.

  The solutions described so far offer a number of significant advantages. First, because the shore ceiling is permeable, water can be collected substantially along the entire surface of the shore ceiling, allowing a large amount of water to be recovered quickly. Second, the fact that water is collected in a compartment with a barrier to the recovered water that moves towards the water mass is that these are It is possible to finally reach the water mass with a slow deceleration by the barrier and with little energy and without generating turbulence in the water mass. At the same time, the lateral wall extending from the quay to the quay ceiling traps the water, so it is mainly directed towards the water mass and reduces the time it takes for the water to return to the water mass . All of these advantages are that in a very short time, the waves can be absorbed, dissipated and returned to the water mass, without the wave generator system requiring the shore to have excessive dimensions, It means that it is possible to generate waves with fewer intervals.

  An additional advantage of the present invention is that it does not require the use of a pump or other active device to return the water from the wave back to the body of water, instead the water returns by gravity. Thus, the energy consumption associated with the pump is avoided; instead, in prior art water systems, pumping can be as much as twice as much energy consumption as is required to form the wave itself. Need.

  Furthermore, the shore wave absorption capacity according to the present invention reduces the height of the shore without the waves overflowing from the water environment (estimated at about one third of the height of a conventional non-dissipating shore). Allows to be built with. Thus, the maximum excavation height required to build a water environment is lower, thus simplifying and reducing the construction cost of installation. Furthermore, because the shore has a lower height and therefore a lower slope, the shore is more open and similar to that of an actual seaside shore. As a result, the user perceives the shore as an aesthetically comfortable element that he / she can easily interact with (eg, walk along or sit on the shore).

  An additional advantage of the system according to the invention is that the foam disappears quickly through the permeable shore, thus reducing the risk that the user will be dragged along the shore by wave foam.

  It can thus be seen that the shore according to the invention provides a significant economic savings in the operation of the wave generator system. They also help reduce the environmental picture effects of the system, provide increased safety for the user, are aesthetically pleasing and easy to use.

  The details of the invention may be found in the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

1 shows a perspective view of a wave generator system according to the present invention. FIG. The pier ceiling is partially omitted to show the space inside the shore, the space is divided into compartments, and these are divided into sub-compartments, similar to the previous figure Show. Fig. 4 shows a cross-sectional side view of a portion of the compartment. Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional side view of the system of Figure 1;

  FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a wave generator system (1) according to an example of an embodiment of the present invention. Usually used for leisure or to practice sports such as surfing, the wave generator system (1), when calm, has a floor (3), a calm water surface (4), and an edge ( 5) comprising a water mass (2) delimited by 5), said edge (5) being the edge of a calm water surface (4). The wave generator system (1) also includes a shore (6) extending along the edge (5) of the water mass (2). The shore (6) is completely around the water mass, in a limited area around the outside of the water mass, on any end of the water mass, on the inner island of the water mass, or according to any other configuration , Which is not relevant to the present invention.

  According to the invention, the shore (6) comprises a quay floor (7) and a shore ceiling (8) extending from the outer side surface (9) to the inner side surface (10) of the shore (6). The quay floor (7) and the quay ceiling (8) are arranged such that the internal space (11) is bounded between them. In this embodiment, the internal space (11) is defined by an end wall (12) that extends between the outer edge (13) of the berth (7) and the outer edge (14) of the quay ceiling (8). Closed on the outer side (9). The end wall (12) can be made from a material that supports weight and is preferably resistant to corrosion (eg, precast concrete). The quay bed (7) has a height that decreases towards the floor (3) below the water mass (2), and the water on the quay bed (7) moves towards the water mass (2). It can be displaced by gravity. In this embodiment, the berth (7) has an inclined flat upper surface (71). However, the berth (7) has a staggered configuration, a corrugated configuration, or any other configuration in which the height of the upper surface (71) decreases towards the floor (3) of the water mass (2). Alternative embodiments are contemplated. And the shore ceiling (8) is permeable and allows water to pass from the shore ceiling (8) toward the internal space (11) and the shore floor (7).

  The quay floor (7) provides sufficient mechanical resistance to withstand the weight of the shore (6) and possible loads supported on the shore (6) (such as users, water, sports equipment such as surfboards). Made from one or more materials. For example, the berth (7) can be made from soil, cement, concrete, ceramic, steel, aluminum, wood, or any combination thereof. In this embodiment, as shown in the transverse cross section of FIG. 4, the berth (7) is composed of a main part (7a) made of a material having little resistance such as cement and a larger resistance such as concrete. A number of longitudinal bands (7b) made from a material having The reason why the berth (7) is divided into the parts will be described later.

  And provides sufficient mechanical resistance to withstand the force of waves hitting the shore (6) while allowing the passage of water and, for example, to an additional load equal to the maximum number of users per surface unit The pier (8) is made from a material or combination of materials that provides sufficient mechanical resistance to withstand. The quay ceiling (8) may have slots, holes, or other spaces to allow water to pass through, or it may be made from a highly permeable material. For example, in the embodiment shown, the pier (8) is made using a flat plate (8a) with holes (15) to allow water to pass through. The flat plate (8a) can be made from fiberglass with polyester and can have a thickness of 1-10 cm. The hole (15) can be circular with a diameter of 2 cm. In general, at least 50% opening to ensure that all water reaching the shore falls towards the compartment before reaching the outer edge (14) of the shore ceiling (8) The ratio (ratio between the total surface of the holes and the surface without holes) is preferred. For example, square holes with 2.5 centimeter sides and 2.5 centimeter separation between holes can be provided. It is contemplated that the shape, size, and / or separation of holes, slots, or spaces may generally vary. It is also contemplated that the holes can be uniform in shape, size, and / or separation. It is also contemplated that the shape, size, and / or separation between the holes is non-uniform and can be distributed in a variable manner on the quay ceiling (8). For example, some holes may be larger than others, forming a specific pattern such as alternating rows.

  In addition, the flat plate (8a) of the illustrated embodiment is inclined towards the water mass (2) such that the shore (6) has a substantially triangular lateral cross section. . The quay ceiling (8) has an outer surface (16) that slopes towards the water mass (2), whereby the shore (6 required to absorb the waves that reach the shore ceiling (8). ) Is reduced.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the shore ceiling (8) of the present embodiment intersects with the quay floor (6) at the inner edge (10) of the shore (6), and this intersection is a water mass (2). Is underwater when it is calm. In other words, the range of the inner edge (10) and the adjacent shore ceiling (7) is underwater. However, alternative embodiments are contemplated where this intersection may be at the water surface level or above the surface of the water mass (2).

  FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a system (1) similar to the view of FIG. 1, but here some of the plates that make up the quay ceiling (8) are connected to the interior space (11 of the shore (6). Abbreviated to clarify). The internal space (11) between the pier ceiling (8) and the berth floor (7) is divided into a plurality of compartments (17) separated by lateral walls (18). The transverse wall (18) can be made from a material that supports weight and is preferably resistant to corrosion, such as precast concrete. A compartment (17) is bounded by a quay (7), a pier ceiling (8), and two lateral walls (18), each compartment (17) extending from the shore's external side (9) to the shore ( A space extending to the inner side surface (10) of 6) is formed. In this embodiment, the lateral wall (18) is triangular, the first side (19) is adjacent to the quay (7), and the second side (20) is adjacent to the pier (8). And the 3rd side surface (21) is installed adjacent to an end wall (12), and the height of each compartment (17) decreases toward a water body (2). According to the present invention, each compartment (17) has one or more obstacles or barriers (22) (drawings) such that the compartment (17) is divided into subcompartments (17a, 17b, 17c, 17d, 17e). 4) in the embodiment shown in FIG. Although not necessarily suitable for supporting weight, the barrier (22) may be made from a material that provides resistance to water passage (eg, a plastic panel).

  FIG. 3 shows a lateral cross-sectional view of the compartment (17) of the present embodiment, more specifically, as an example, an enlarged lateral cross-sectional view of the sub-compartment (17b). The enlarged view shows how the berth (7) tilts and forms an angle (23) with the horizontal direction, which means that the water falling on the floor is directed towards the water mass (2) (depending on the position of the drawing) And in more detail whether it is possible to be directed (to the right). The drawing also shows how the compartment (17) is bounded between the quay floor (7), the quay ceiling (8) and the two lateral walls (18), and how It comprises a series of barriers (22), the series of barriers (22) are separated by a certain distance, and the compartment (17) is divided into sub-compartments such as the depicted sub-compartment (17b) Provide an understanding of whether or not Furthermore, the drawings illustrate additional aspects of the invention whereby the barriers (22) are resistant to the passage of water inside the compartment (17) in the direction they are directed to the water mass (2). Is provided. Under each barrier (22) there is a water passage space (24) for the passage of water towards the water mass (2).

  The system (1), and more specifically, the shore (6) operates as follows. The wave generator system (1) is usually configured to generate a continuous wave at a specific frequency, i.e. to allow a predetermined time to elapse between one wave and the next. Is done. Thus, the waves generated by the system arrive at the shore (6) one by one. FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the wave (25) reaching the shore (6), where the wave (25) is drawn in broken lines. As shown, the wave (25) reaches the permeable pier (8), penetrates the pier (8) to the compartment (17) (in this case through the hole (15)), and this Thus, each compartment (17) accepts a part of the wave (25). Since the berth (7) is inclined with respect to the horizontal direction, the water entering each compartment (17) is directed toward the water mass (2) with some turbulence (in the drawing). , Towards the right). While being displaced through the compartment (17), the water collides with the barrier (22) and the lateral wall (18), thus losing energy and eventually passing through the water passage space (24). Continue its descent toward the water mass (2) due to gravity. Temporary confinement of water in a continuous sub-compartment to a partial height allows the water to lose velocity in any direction (vertical, longitudinal, and lateral) This is the case, for example, when the system (1) reaches the shore as the wave (25) is oblique, i.e. not perpendicular to the edge (5) (in the plan view of the system) and thus the edge It is particularly advantageous if it is configured to have a velocity component in the longitudinal direction of the part (5) and another velocity component perpendicular to the edge (5). In the embodiment shown, the wave forms a mass of water with little energy and thus without the ability to cause turbulence in the water and destroy the next wave form approaching the water mass (2). Before moving to the next subcompartment until reaching (2), such as by causing the waves to lose energy inside each subcompartment by collision with the lateral wall (18) and the barrier (22), etc. Kishi (6) works. FIG. 3 illustrates this effect by the illustrated arrow (26), which progresses through the subcompartment (17b) from when water enters the compartment (17) through the hole (15). Represents water in its stroke that collides with the barrier (22) and thus loses energy and finally passes through the water passage space (24) to the next subcompartment (17c). When the water reaches the last subcompartment (17d), it passes through the permeable ceiling (8) in the rising direction and reaches the water mass (2).

  This system of sub-compartments dissipates the wave (25) almost entirely or completely, minimizing the time that the wave generator system (1) has to wait between one wave and the next To succeed. In addition, as shown, wave dissipation occurs without a pump or any other active element that requires the consumption of electrical energy. In addition, tests have shown that it is possible to completely absorb the entire wave (25) without requiring the permeable pier (8) to have a large extension, This means that a reasonably sized shore (6) can work properly. Thus, the shore system disclosed herein is extremely efficient and can be built and operated at a reasonable cost.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a portion of the shore (6) (more specifically, the area on the inner side (10)) is inside the water mass (2) when the water mass is calm. . This helps to complete the dissipation of the wave (25). The reason is that it ensures that the full wave (25) reaches the pier (8).

  Furthermore, in the embodiment shown, the transverse wall (18) extends from the quay (7) to the quay ceiling (8). In other words, water cannot pass between adjacent compartments (17) through the transverse wall (18) separating them. This allows the water to be directed more effectively and quickly towards the water mass (2). However, it is not essential that a completely watertight compartment exists between the lateral wall (18) and the berth (7).

  In another aspect, as explained above, the height of the compartment (17) decreases in the direction towards the water mass (2). As a result, as water approaches the water mass (2), it continues to lose energy due to its effect on the pier (8).

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, the barrier (22) is formed as a continuous uninterrupted wall extending from the shore ceiling (8) (in other words, to the shore ceiling (8)). The water passage space (24) extends between the wall and the berth (7). In other words, in the depicted embodiment, the barrier (22) is the top wall and water does not pass across the wall. As a result, no matter how much water remains, it can always pass through the water passage space (24) towards the next subcompartment, so only a little water in the compartment (17). Can still be displaced towards the water mass (2). In other words, such properties allow the shore (6) to return the full wave (25) to the water mass (2).

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the walls forming the barrier (22) extend from one lateral wall (18) to the other lateral wall (18), and in the compartment (17) Define the boundaries. The water passage space (24) also extends from the one lateral wall (18) to the other lateral wall (18) to define a compartment (17) boundary. This maximizes the dissipation of wave energy and the ability to remove water from the compartment (17).

  FIG. 4 shows a full cross-sectional view of the shore (6), making it possible to see all the compartments (17). In this embodiment, as shown in the drawings, the berth (7) comprises an impermeable layer (27) that delimits the compartment (17) and provides water tightness in water, 25) a certain amount of water is unnecessarily lost or filtered across the quay (7) (this requires more frequent replacement of water in the wave generator system (1) and the system (1) increases the amount of water consumed). In addition, the impermeable layer (27) of the present embodiment extends continuously and continuously below the end wall (12), is adjacent to the rear surface of the end wall (12), and is connected to the berth (7 ) And the end wall (12) to achieve optimum water tightness, thus minimizing water loss. Thus, the impermeable layer (27) has an L-shaped layout that contributes to the removal of water only from the inner side (10) of the shore (6) towards the water mass (2). Furthermore, in this embodiment, the impermeable layer (27) extends over the entire height of the end wall (13), ie from the junction between the end wall (12) and the berth (7). ) To the outer edge (13). Thus, the end wall (12) is completely watertight, which is particularly beneficial when the end wall (12) is composed of a continuous plate or panel, as in this embodiment ( (See FIG. 2 where there are two plates (12a, 12b) of the end wall (12)).

  FIG. 4 shows that in this embodiment the lateral wall (18) does not support the berth (7) uniformly, instead the lateral wall (18) has at least one lower protruding support ridge (28). It is further shown that For this reason, the berth (7) does not need to be made entirely of a high resistance material such as concrete, but instead only certain areas of the quay (7) must exhibit better resistance. Rather, more specifically, it is sufficient if the longitudinal concrete strip (7b) under the lower support ridge (28) exhibits greater resistance. A support area or longitudinal strip (7b) can be included in the berth area (7) located below the end wall (12). Instead of building a quay (7) with a high resistance overall, only certain areas have a greater resistance, thereby significantly reducing the construction costs of the system (1), while maintaining appropriate structural and mechanical Performance can be ensured. The amount of high resistance material required to construct the berth (7) is 70 to 70% relative to the amount required when the quay (7) is constructed entirely from high resistance material. It is estimated that it can be reduced by 90%.

  In some embodiments, it is contemplated that the quay ceiling (8) comprises a mesh made from a woven material that provides a stepping surface with a texture that is comfortable for the user of the system. An example of a mesh is a polyester mesh coated with PVC.

  In the embodiment shown, the sub-compartments are arranged with transverse walls (18) arranged at 90 ° to each other for greater dissipation of energy and faster removal of water towards the water mass (2). ) And a barrier (22) to form a two-dimensional grid or mesh. With regard to the size of the subcompartments, they may vary depending on other variables such as the slope of the berth (7) and the slope of the pier (8), for example for a shore with only a slight slope The subcompartment may have a width and length of 0.5 to 1.5 m. And the water passage space (24) generally has a reduced height of 2-20 cm, preferably 2-10 cm. In these ranges, wave deceleration is optimized (high walls are preferred) and the time it takes for the waves to be removed from the compartment into the water mass is optimized (large water passage spaces are preferred).

  In the embodiment shown, there is a space (29) between each lateral wall (18) and end wall (12) to allow a water pipe (not shown) to pass through. In general, the passage of water between adjacent compartments (17) is not possible through these spaces (29).

Claims (12)

A wave generator system (1) for human leisure or sports use, said wave generator system (1) comprising a floor (3), comprising a water mass (2) having an edge (5) Arranged on the floor (3), the wave generator system (1) further comprising a shore (6) extending along the edge (5) of the water mass (2), Kishi (6)
A berth (7) having a height that decreases towards the floor (3) under the water mass (2), wherein the water on the quay bed (7) is the water mass (2); The berth (7), which is adapted to be displaced by gravity towards
A permeable pier (8), wherein said pier (8) allows the passage of water from above said pier (8) towards said berth (7); The ceiling (8),
-A plurality of compartments (17) arranged between said berth (7) and said pier (8), each compartment (17) comprising at least one barrier (22); The at least one barrier (22) provides resistance to passage of the water in the direction towards the water mass (2) and allows water passage towards the water mass (2) A plurality of compartments (17) leaving space (24);
A wave generator system (1), comprising:   The wave generator system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the compartment (17) is bounded by a lateral wall (18).   The wave generator system (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the lateral wall (18) extends from the quay floor (7) to the quay ceiling (8).   The barrier (22) includes a wall extending from the shore ceiling (8), and the water passage space (24) extends between the wall and the shore floor (7). The wave generator system (1) according to claim 1, wherein:   The compartment (17) is bounded by a lateral wall (18), the wall and the water passage space (24) of the two lateral walls (18) delimiting the compartment (17). 5. Wave generator system (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that it extends from one to the other.   The wave generator system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the quay ceiling (8) has an external surface (16) inclined towards the water mass (2).   The shore (8) comprises an end wall (12) extending between the outer edge (13) of the berth (7) and the outer edge (14) of the shore ceiling (8). The wave generator system (1) according to claim 1, characterized by:   The compartment (17) is bounded by a lateral wall (18), the system comprises an impermeable layer (27), which is impermeable to the lateral wall (18). And is bounded by the compartment (17), the impermeable layer (27) extending under the end wall (12) and at the rear end of the end wall (12) Wave generator system (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that it is fixed.   The wave generator system (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that the impermeable layer (27) extends to the outer edge (13) of the pier (8).   The lateral wall (18) is triangular, one side (19) is adjacent to the berth (7), the second side (20) is adjacent to the pier (8), and a third The wave generator system (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the side surface (21) of the tube is adjacent to the end wall (12).   The wave generator system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the lateral wall (18) has at least one lower support ridge (28).   The quay ceiling (8) according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises an upper mesh made from a textile material, whereby this mesh provides an upper surface for the user of the system. Wave generator system (1).

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