JPS6052245B2 - Wave-dissipating structures such as breakwaters - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to Uranami structures such as breakwaters.

Conventionally, in the construction of Uranami structures such as breakwaters, concrete caissons, concrete blocks, or concrete slit-type caissons in which a large number of slits are provided in a mural have been used. In general, the concrete caisson is extremely large and heavy, and because it is transported floating, it is restricted by wave conditions and requires a large amount of mechanical materials and advanced technology for installation. In addition, concrete blocks and slit-type caissons have disadvantages in that they are difficult to mold and expensive due to the complicated structure of the slit portion compared to heavy-type caissons. In addition, to construct the above Uranami structure, we used concrete frames with an A-shaped cross section, each with narrow and wide slits in the front and rear (inside and outside) side walls, and installed them in rows on an underwater foundation. It is known that filling materials such as stones are made into a continuous layered state through an opening without slits, and a part of the concrete frame is buried in the layered layer to construct the desired Uranami structure. (Special Publication No. 51-37701, No. 51-4037)
6 and 51-40377), this concrete frame, like the slit type caisson mentioned above, is difficult to form, and is also heavy, making it inconvenient to transport and install. Since two wide and narrow slits are formed on the front and rear (inside and outside) side walls of the A-shape, filling material must be inserted through the limited openings on the left and right sides, and therefore it is necessary to install the filling material again. Due to the limited direction, etc., the workability of constructing the Uranami structure was significantly worsened.

The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and its gist is that a plurality of integrally molded reinforced concrete frames with large openings are installed in adjacent rows on an underwater foundation. Inside the large opening of each frame facing the waves, a lattice body also made of reinforced concrete molding is erected and fixed.
The present invention is also used in a wave-dissipating structure such as a breakwater, in which the frame is filled with a filler material, and the filler material is layered in a continuous manner through a large opening without a lattice structure.

Below, as examples, we will first describe a frame a'' with large openings on the front, rear, left and right sides, and frames D and c'' with large openings on the top, bottom, front and rear, and left and right sides, and then: A breakwater A constructed using these frame extensions will be described.

a″ is a frame body integrally molded with reinforced concrete, which consists of three trusses 2 formed by joining each end of three columnar members 1, arranged in series at a required interval, and each of the trusses 2 The nodal point is connected to three long columnar members 3 to form an integrally assembled state, and there are two large rectangular openings 4 each surrounded and divided by the columnar members 1 and 3 on the lower and front and rear sides. It also has a triangular large opening 5 surrounded and partitioned by columnar members 1 on the left and right sides.

(Figure 1). 6 and 7 are lattice bodies integrally molded from reinforced concrete; the lattice body 6 is formed in a rectangular shape that is slightly larger than the large opening 4 of the frame a'', and the lattice body 7 is formed in a triangular shape that is slightly larger than the large opening 5. has been done.

Then, the lattice body 6 is placed inside the large opening 4, and the lattice body 7 is placed inside the large opening 5 by appropriate attachment means such as bolts provided on the frame a''.
are respectively fixed to the inside of the frame structure a.
(Figure 3). The openings of the lattice bodies 6 and 7 are set to a size that prevents the filling material such as a predetermined concrete block or stone from scattering. Figures 4 and 5 show other frame structures B and c, which are used in combination with the frame structure a to construct corners or tips of breakwaters, etc., as described later. It differs from structure a only in shape, but its substantial configuration or work.

The purpose is the same. That is, frame structure b is frame body b
As shown in Fig. 4, the bottom surface is a square with one corner (front side in the figure) cut out into a triangular shape. The sides of the rectangle on the left and right sides of the front side of the figure, which are adjacent to the sides of the trapezoid, slope upward, and the side surfaces between the rectangular sides form an upward slope, forming a triangle, and the top surface forms a square. Identical lattice bodies 8 inside each of the large openings on both sides of the upwardly sloping rectangle and the triangular side.
, 8 and 9 are attached.

In the frame structure c, the frame body C'' has a trapezoidal shape as shown in FIG. 5, and a grid body 10 of the same shape is attached inside the large rectangular opening on the front side.

As mentioned above, the frames j-c'' have different shapes, but the length, width, and height dimensions are unified so that they can be aligned. Now, according to FIGS. 6 to 8, the frame structure body a
To explain the case of constructing a breakwater using lattice structures 6 to 6, each frame structure a to c is constructed in advance.
10 is attached to a predetermined large opening and placed at a predetermined position at the top of the underwater rubble foundation 12. In other words, the frame structure a is attached in the longitudinal direction of the top of the underwater rubble foundation 12, and the front side to which the lattice body 6 is attached is removed. The frame structures c are placed parallel to each other in two rows facing toward the top of the breakwater, that is, between the frames a'' and a'' at the ends of the frame structures a arranged above, and the frame structure c is placed between the lattice bodies 10 are arranged in a row with the front side attached facing outward, and frame structures b are arranged in a row between the corners of the breakwater, that is, the frame bodies a'' and the frame structures c arranged in a row, respectively. Place it with the front side with parts 8 and 9 attached facing outward.

Inside the frame structures a-c, there is a rear large opening 4 for the frame a'', and large upper openings 13 and 14 for the frames b'' and c''.
Filling material 15 such as concrete blocks or stones of a size that does not fall out from the openings of the grid bodies 6 to 10 is filled through the mesh.

As a result, the filling material 15 is made into a continuous layered state through the large openings on the sides of the adjacent frame structures A, b, and c where the lattice bodies 6 to 10 are not attached, and the lattice bodies 6 to 10 are attached thereto. It is made to be continuous with the underwater rubble foundation 12 through the large opening on the lower side that is not open. Further, filling material 15 is filled in the portion surrounded by each of the frame structures A, b, and c arranged in a row, and each of the frame structures A, b, and c is
The filling material 15 in b and c and the lattice bodies 6 to 10 are placed in a continuous stacked state through the large opening on the rear side where they are not attached. As a result, each frame structure A,
The left, right, rear, and lower columnar members 1 to which the lattice bodies 6 to 10 of b and c are not attached are buried, and each of the frame structures A, b, and c is fixed at a predetermined position.

Thereafter, a concrete block 16 is attached to the upper surface of the filling material 15, and cast-in-place concrete 17 is applied to the center part.

As a result, breakwater A is constructed. As is clear from the above description, the wave-dissipating structure constructed according to the present invention has the same large opening on the side facing the waves of the frame integrally formed of reinforced concrete as if columnar members were joined. Since it is constructed by constructing a reinforced concrete lattice body and filling the frame with filling material, waves enter the mesh of the lattice body and the gaps between the filling materials and are dispersed and absorbed. Since the energy is reduced, the wave dissipation effect is high.

Further, since the frame prevents the filling material from scattering and is fixed by the weight of the filling material, no special member is required to fix it.

Moreover, the filling materials are stacked integrally and continuously through the large opening on the side of the adjacent frame where the lattice is not attached, and the required columnar materials of the frame are buried during the stacking of the filling materials. In addition, the filling material is continuous to the underwater foundation through the large opening on the lower side of the frame where the lattice is not attached, and the integral bonding force of the frame, filling material, and underwater foundation is strong. is large and extremely stable. In particular, according to the present invention, by constructing and fixing a separately molded lattice body to an integrally molded frame body formed by combining columnar materials, which surrounds large openings such as the front and rear and left and right sides, or the top and bottom, front and rear, and left and right sides, Moreover, by using a lattice body only in the large opening on the side facing the waves, the frame body is It has the remarkable advantage that it is easy to obtain, easy to transport and install, and the installation direction can be freely determined by appropriately selecting the large opening for constructing the lattice body.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings are for explaining embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the frame and the lattice body, Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a frame structure constructed from the frame and lattice body of Figs. 1 and 2, and Figs. 4 and 5 show other examples of the frame structure. 6 is a plan view showing the process of constructing the breakwater, FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view of the breakwater, and FIG. 8 is a side view of the breakwater.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A reinforced concrete integrally molded frame with large openings surrounded by columnar materials on the front, rear, left and right sides on an underwater foundation, and a similar frame body with large openings surrounded by columnar materials on the top, bottom, front, back and left and right sides. A plurality of frames made of integrally molded reinforced concrete are arranged in adjacent rows, each of which has a lattice body also made of integrally molded reinforced concrete erected and fixed inside the large opening facing the waves, and A breakwater, etc., characterized in that filler material filled into each frame and having a size that does not fall out from the mesh of the lattice body forms a continuous layered state through the large opening where the lattice body is not installed. wave-dissipating structure.