JP2017527288A - 病原体及び抗菌薬耐性試験 - Google Patents
病原体及び抗菌薬耐性試験 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、米国特許法第119条(e)により、2014年9月4日に出願された米国特許仮出願第62/046,135号、及び2014年10月7日に出願された米国特許仮出願第62/061,093号による優先権を主張し、この両方とも、その全体が参照により本出願に組み込まれる。
多くのヒト及び動物疾患が、病原体による感染により引き起こされる。多くの病原体の成長は、抗菌薬により遅延されるか、停止される一方で、特定の病原体1つ以上の抗菌薬に対して耐性を有する。病原体及び病原体の抗菌薬耐性の検出のためのシステム及び方法において、改善が必要である。
[参照による組み込み]
本明細書において提供されるものは病原体及び病原体抗菌薬耐性試験のための実施形態である。
[発明の詳細な説明]
サンプル
病原体及び抗菌薬
サンプル調製
病原体検出のための方法
抗菌薬に対する感受性又は耐性を決定するための方法
病原体の存在の検出及び前記病原体の抗菌薬耐性/感受性の検出
サンプル処理システム及び機器
Claims (99)
- サンプルの分析のためのカートリッジであって:抗菌薬;微生物成長培地;及び代謝指標から選択された少なくとも1つの試薬、核酸増幅反応のための試薬、及び核酸プローブに基づく反応のための試薬を含むカートリッジ。
- 前記カートリッジが更にサンプルを含む、請求項1のカートリッジ。
- 前記サンプルが病原体を含む、請求項1、又は2のカートリッジ。
- 前記サンプルは被験者から得られた血液サンプルである、請求項1〜3のいずれか1つに記載のカートリッジ。
- 被験者から得られた前記血液サンプルが約500μl以下である請求項4のカートリッジ。
- 前記抗菌薬、微生物成長培地、及び前記少なくとも1つの試薬が、前記カートリッジ中で、別々の流体的に分離された容器内にある、請求項1〜5のいずれか1つのカートリッジ。
- 前記抗菌薬及び微生物成長培地が前記カートリッジ中の同じ容器内にある、請求項1〜5のいずれか1つのカートリッジ。
- 前記抗菌薬、微生物成長培地、及び少なくとも1つの試薬が、前記カートリッジ中の同じ容器内にある、請求項1〜5のいずれか1つのカートリッジ。
- 前記抗菌薬が、抗生物質、抗ウイルス薬、抗真菌薬、及び抗寄生虫薬から選ばれる、請求項1〜8のいずれか1つのカートリッジ。
- 前記抗菌薬が抗生物質である、請求項9のカートリッジ。
- 前記少なくとも1つの試薬が、代謝指標である、請求項1〜10のいずれか1つのカートリッジ。
- 前記少なくとも1つの試薬は、代謝指標及び核酸増幅反応のための試薬である、請求項1〜10のいずれか1つのカートリッジ。
- 前記少なくとも1つの試薬は、代謝指標及び核酸プローブに基づく反応のための試薬である、請求項1〜10のいずれか1つのカートリッジ。
- 前記少なくとも1つの試薬は、代謝指標、核酸増幅反応のための試薬、及び核酸プローブに基づく反応のための試薬である、請求項1〜10のいずれか1つのカートリッジ。
- 前記代謝指標が、レザズリン、5−シアノ−2,3−ジトリルテトラゾリウムクロリド(CTC)、カルボキシフルオレセインジアセテートサクシンイミドイルエステル(CFDA−SE)、及びルシフェリンから選ばれる請求項1〜14のいずれか1つのカートリッジ。
- 前記代謝指標がレザズリンである、請求項15のカートリッジ。
- 前記核酸増幅のための試薬が、核酸ポリメラーゼである、請求項1〜16のいずれか1つのカートリッジ。
- 前記核酸増幅反応のための試薬がプライマー対である、請求項1〜16のいずれか1つのカートリッジ。
- 前記プライマー対が、微生物マーカーの核酸、又はその相補体に特異的にハイブリダイズする能力を有する、請求項18のカートリッジ。
- 前記微生物マーカーが、16SrRNA、16SrDNA、23rRNA、rpoB、gyrB、dnaK、amoA、及びmipから選ばれる請求項19のカートリッジ。
- 前記微生物マーカーが、16SrRNAである、請求項20のカートリッジ。
- 前記プライマー対が、抗菌薬耐性マーカーの核酸、又はその相補体に、特異的にハイブリダイズする能力を有する、請求項18のカートリッジ。
- 前記核酸プローブに基づく反応のための試薬が、核酸プローブである、請求項1〜16のいずれか1つのカートリッジ。
- 前記核酸プローブが、微生物マーカーの核酸、又はその相補体に特異的にハイブリダイズする能力を有する、請求項20のカートリッジ。
- 前記微生物マーカーが、16SrRNA、16SrDNA、23rRNA、rpoB、gyrB、dnaK、amoA、及びmipから選ばれる請求項24のカートリッジ。
- 前記微生物マーカーが、16SrRNAである、請求項25のカートリッジ。
- 前記核酸プローブが、抗菌薬耐性マーカーの核酸、又はその相補体に特異的にハイブリダイズする能力を有する、請求項25のカートリッジ。
- 前記カートリッジが、更に病原体の抗原に結合する抗体を含む、請求項1〜27のいずれか1つのカートリッジ。
- 前記カートリッジが核酸染料を更に含む、請求項1〜28のいずれか1つのカートリッジ。
- サンプル分析のための方法であって、以下を含む方法:反応混合物を生成するために、病原体を含むか、又は含むことが疑われるサンプルの少なくとも第一の部分を、抗菌薬及び代謝指標を含む微生物成長培地で培養することであって、前記代謝指標は、代謝産物を産生するために代謝される能力を有し;及び前記代謝産物を検出すること。
- 前記サンプルは被験者から得られた血液サンプルである、請求項30の方法。
- 被験者から得られた前記血液サンプルが、約500μl以下である、請求項31の方法。
- 前記代謝産物が検出可能な信号を生成する、請求項30〜32のいずれか1つの方法。
- 前記検出可能な信号が、蛍光、色、及び発光から選ばれる、請求項33の方法。
- 前記代謝指標が、レザズリン、5−シアノ−2,3−ジトリルテトラゾリウムクロリド(CTC)、カルボキシフルオレセインジアセテートサクシンイミドイルエステル(CFDA−SE)、及びルシフェリンから選ばれる請求項30〜34のいずれか1つの方法。
- 前記代謝指標がレザズリンであり、及び前記代謝産物がレゾルフィンである、請求項30〜35のいずれか1つの方法。
- 前記抗菌薬が、抗生物質、抗ウイルス薬、抗真菌薬、及び抗寄生虫薬から選ばれる、請求項30〜36のいずれか1つの方法。
- 前記抗菌薬が抗生物質である、請求項37の方法。
- 前記サンプルが、前記微生物成長培地中で、抗菌薬、及び代謝指標と約1時間〜約8時間培養される、請求項30〜38のいずれか1つの方法。
- 前記サンプルが、前記抗菌薬及び代謝指標の不在下で前記微生物成長培地で前培養されることを更に含む、請求項30〜39のいずれか1つの方法。
- 前記サンプルを培養する前に前記サンプルを希釈することを、更に含む、請求項30〜40のいずれか1つの方法。
- 前記サンプルが、約1〜約108病原体/反応混合物に希釈される、請求項41の方法。
- 前記病原体を含むか、又は含むことが疑われる前記サンプルの少なくとも第二の部分又は第二のサンプルを、核酸増幅反応のための試薬及び核酸プローブに基づく反応のための試薬から選択された、少なくとも1つの試薬とインキュベートすることを更に含む、請求項30〜42のいずれか1つの方法。
- 前記少なくとも1つの試薬が、核酸増幅反応のための試薬であり、及び前記方法が前記サンプル中の病原体の核酸を増幅すること、及び前記核酸の増幅を検出することを含む、請求項43の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1つの試薬が、核酸プローブに基づく反応のための試薬であり、及び前記方法が、核酸プローブを特異的に前記サンプル中の病原体の核酸にハイブリダイズすること、及び前記病原体の核酸を検出することを含む、請求項43の方法。
- 前記病原体の核酸が、微生物マーカー核酸、又はその相補体である、請求項44又は45の方法。
- 前記微生物マーカーが、16SrRNA、16SrDNA、23rRNA、rpoB、gyrB、dnaK、amoA、及びmipから選ばれる、請求項46の方法。
- 前記微生物マーカーが16SrRNAである、請求項47の方法。
- 前記病原体の核酸が、抗菌薬耐性マーカー核酸、又はその相補体である、請求項44又は45の方法。
- 請求項30〜59のいずれか1つの方法であって、以下を更に含む方法:サンプル処理機器中にカートリッジを受け取ることであって、前記サンプル処理機器が、流体取扱いシステムを含み、及び前記カートリッジが:前記サンプル;前記微生物成長培地;前記抗菌薬;及び前記代謝指標を含み;
並びに少なくとも前記サンプルの第一の部分に、前記微生物成長培地、前記抗菌薬、及び前記代謝指標との流体的連結をもたらすために、前記流体取扱いシステムにより輸送すること。 - サンプル分析のための方法であって以下を含む方法:
サンプル処理機器中にカートリッジを受け取ることであって、前記サンプル処理機器は流体取扱いシステムを含み、及び前記カートリッジは:病原体を含むか、又は含むことが疑われるサンプル、抗菌薬、微生物成長培地;及び核酸増幅反応のための試薬を含み;
前記サンプルの第一の部分を含む、第一の混合物を生成するために、前記サンプルの第一の部分を、前記核酸増幅反応のための試薬、及び前記核酸増幅反応のための試薬との流体連結をもたらすために、前記流体取扱いシステムにより輸送すること;
前記サンプルの第二の部分、前記抗菌薬、及び前記微生物成長培地を含む、第二の混合物を生成するために、前記サンプルの第二の部分を、前記抗菌薬及び前記微生物成長培地との流体連結をもたらすために、前記流体取扱いシステムにより輸送すること;
前記第一の混合物を、前記サンプル中の病原体の核酸の増幅を支持するために十分な条件下でインキュベートすること;
前記第二の混合物を、前記第二の混合物中の前記病原体の成長を支持するために十分な条件下で培養すること;
前記サンプル中の病原体から前記核酸の増幅を検出すること;及び
前記サンプル中の病原体の成長を検出すること。 - 前記サンプル中の病原体から前記核酸の増幅を検出することが、前記第一の混合物中の染料からの蛍光を検出することを含む、請求項51の方法。
- 前記サンプル中の病原体から前記核酸の増幅を検出すること、及び前記サンプル中の病原体の成長を検出することの両方が、前記カートリッジが前記サンプル処理機器に受け取られてから、24時間以内に生じる、請求項51又は52の方法。
- サンプル分析のための方法であって以下を含む方法:
サンプル処理機器中にカートリッジを受け取ることであって、前記サンプル処理機器は流体取扱いシステムを含み、前記カートリッジは:病原体を含むか、又は含むことが疑われるサンプル、抗菌薬、微生物成長培地;及び前記病原体の核酸、又はその相補体に特異的にハイブリダイズする能力を有する核酸プローブを含み;
前記サンプルの第一の部分及び前記核酸プローブを含む、第一の混合物を生成するために、前記サンプルの第一の部分を、前記核酸プローブとの流体連結をもたらすために、前記流体取扱いシステムにより輸送すること;
前記サンプルの第二の部分、前記抗菌薬、及び前記微生物成長培地を含む、第二の混合物を生成するために、前記サンプルの第二の部分を、前記抗菌薬及び前記微生物成長培地との流体連結をもたらすために、前記流体取扱いシステムにより輸送すること;
前記第一の混合物を、前記サンプル中の病原体の核酸、又はその相補体に特異的にハイブリダイズすることを支持するために十分な条件下でインキュベートすること;
前記第二の混合物を、前記第二の混合物中の前記病原体の成長を支持するために十分な条件下で培養すること;
前記サンプル中の病原体の核酸を検出すること;及び
前記サンプル中の病原体の成長を検出すること。 - 前記サンプルが、被験者から得られた血液サンプルである、請求項51〜54のいずれか1つの方法。
- 被験者から得られた前記血液サンプルが約500μl以下である、請求項55の方法。
- 前記病原体の種が検出される、請求項51〜56のいずれか1つの方法。
- 抗菌薬耐性遺伝子が検出される、請求項51〜57のいずれか1つの方法。
- 前記カートリッジが病原体中の抗原に結合する抗体を更に含む、請求項51〜58のいずれか1つの方法。
- 前記サンプル中の病原体の検出することが、前記第二の混合物を血球計算器により試験することを含む、請求項51〜59のいずれか1つの方法。
- 試験することが病原体細胞の数を数えることを含む、請求項61の方法。
- 試験することが、前記病原体の抗原を検出することを含む、請求項60の方法。
- 試験することが、細胞分裂をしている病原体細胞の比率又は数を決定することを含む、請求項60の方法。
- 前記サンプル中の病原体の成長を検出することが、前記第二の混合物を分光光度計により試験することを含む、請求項51〜59のいずれか1つの方法。
- 試験することが、第二の混合物の光学密度を決定することを含む、請求項64の方法。
- 前記カートリッジが更に代謝指標を含み、前記代謝指標は代謝産物を産生するために代謝される能力を有し、及び前記方法は、前記サンプルの第二の部分、前記抗菌薬、前記微生物成長培地、及び前記代謝指標を含む、第二の混合物を生成するために、前記サンプルの第二の部分を、前記抗菌薬、前記微生物成長培地、及び前記代謝指標との流体連結にもたらすために、前記流体取扱いシステムにより移動することを含む、請求項51〜65のいずれか1つの方法。
- 前記病原体の成長が、前記代謝産物を検出することで検出される、請求項66の方法。
- 前記代謝産物が、検出可能な信号を生成する、請求項66又は67の方法。
- 前記検出可能な信号が、蛍光、色、及び発光から選ばれる、請求項68の方法。
- 前記代謝指標が、レザズリン、5−シアノ−2,3−ジトリルテトラゾリウムクロリド(CTC)、カルボキシフルオレセインジアセテートサクシンイミドイルエステル(CFDA−SE)、及びルシフェリンから選ばれる、請求項66〜69のいずれか1つの方法。
- 前記代謝指標がレザズリンである、請求項70の方法。
- サンプルの分析のためのシステムであって、以下を含むシステム:
抗菌薬;微生物成長培地;代謝指標、核酸増幅反応のための試薬、及び核酸プローブに基づく反応のための試薬から選択された少なくとも1つの試薬;及び
サンプル処理機器であって、前記サンプル処理機器は流体取扱いシステム及び少なくとも1つの検出器を含む。 - カートリッジを更に含み、前記カートリッジは、前記抗菌薬、微生物成長培地、及び前記少なくとも1つの試薬を含む、請求項72のシステム。
- 前記抗菌薬、微生物成長培地、及び前記少なくとも1つの試薬が前記カートリッジ中の別々の流体的に分離された容器中にある、請求項73のシステム。
- 前記抗菌薬及び微生物成長培地が、前記カートリッジ中の同じ容器内にある、請求項73のシステム。
- 前記抗菌薬、微生物成長培地、及び前記少なくとも1つの試薬が、前記カートリッジ中の同じ容器内にある請求項73のシステム。
- 前記カートリッジが、病原体を含むか、又は含むことを疑われるサンプルを更に含む、請求項72〜76のいずれか1つのシステム。
- 前記サンプルは被験者から得られた血液サンプルである、請求項72〜77のいずれか1つのシステム。
- 被験者から得られた前記血液サンプルが約500μl以下である、請求項78のシステム。
- 前記少なくとも1つの試薬が、代謝指標である、請求項72〜79のいずれか1つのシステム。
- 前記少なくとも1つの試薬が、代謝指標及び核酸増幅反応のための試薬である、請求項72〜79のいずれか1つのシステム。
- 前記少なくとも1つの試薬が、代謝指標及び核酸プローブに基づく反応のための試薬である、請求項72〜79のいずれか1つのシステム。
- 前記少なくとも1つの試薬が、代謝指標、核酸増幅反応のための試薬、及び核酸プローブに基づく反応のための試薬である、請求項72〜79のいずれか1つのシステム。
- 前記代謝指標が、レザズリン、5−シアノ−2,3−ジトリルテトラゾリウムクロリド(CTC)、カルボキシフルオレセインジアセテートサクシンイミドイルエステル(CFDA−SE)、及びルシフェリンから選ばれる請求項72〜83のいずれか1つのシステム。
- 前記代謝指標がレザズリンである、請求項84のシステム。
- 前記核酸増幅のための試薬が、核酸ポリメラーゼである、請求項72〜85のいずれか1つのシステム。
- 前記核酸増幅反応のための試薬がプライマー対である、請求項72〜85のいずれか1つのシステム。
- 前記プライマー対が、微生物マーカーの核酸、又はその相補体に特異的にハイブリダイズする能力を有する、請求項87のシステム。
- 前記微生物マーカーが、16SrRNA、16SrDNA、23rRNA、rpoB、gyrB、dnaK、amoA、及びmipから選ばれる、請求項88のシステム。
- 前記微生物マーカーが、16SrRNAである、請求項89のシステム。
- 前記プライマー対が、抗菌薬耐性マーカーの核酸、又はその相補体に、特異的にハイブリダイズする能力を有する、請求項87のシステム。
- 前記核酸プローブに基づく反応のための試薬が、核酸プローブである、請求項72〜85のいずれか1つのシステム。
- 前記核酸プローブが、微生物マーカーの核酸、又はその相補体に特異的にハイブリダイズする能力を有する、請求項92のシステム。
- 前記微生物マーカーが、16SrRNA、16SrDNA、23rRNA、rpoB、gyrB、dnaK、amoA、及びmipから選ばれる請求項93のシステム。
- 前記微生物マーカーが16SrRNAである、請求項94のシステム。
- 前記核酸プローブが、抗菌薬耐性マーカーの核酸、又はその相補体に特異的にハイブリダイズする能力を有する、請求項92のシステム。
- 前記カートリッジが病原体の抗原に結合する抗体を更に含む、請求項72〜96のいずれか1つのシステム。
- 前記カートリッジ核酸染料を更に含む、請求項72〜97のいずれか1つのシステム。
- 前記少なくとも1つの検出器が、分光光度計、光電子増倍管、光ダイオード、カメラ、及び血球計算器から選ばれる、請求項72〜98のいずれか1つのシステム。
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CA2959992A1 (en) | 2016-03-10 |
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US20160281143A1 (en) | 2016-09-29 |
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