JP2017510066A - メトキシアリール表面改質剤およびかかるメトキシアリール表面改質剤を含む有機電子デバイス - Google Patents
メトキシアリール表面改質剤およびかかるメトキシアリール表面改質剤を含む有機電子デバイス Download PDFInfo
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- JP2017510066A JP2017510066A JP2016553554A JP2016553554A JP2017510066A JP 2017510066 A JP2017510066 A JP 2017510066A JP 2016553554 A JP2016553554 A JP 2016553554A JP 2016553554 A JP2016553554 A JP 2016553554A JP 2017510066 A JP2017510066 A JP 2017510066A
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Abstract
Description
しかしながら、かかる自己組織化単分子膜に適しているさらなる化合物に対する必要性が、未だに存在する。
さらに、本出願は、前記自己組織化単分子膜を含む有機電子デバイスを提供する。
さらに、本出願はまた、かかる自己組織化単分子膜ならびにかかる有機電子デバイスの製造方法を提供する。
本出願の目的のために、用語「自己組織化単分子膜」を、非限定的な様式で、本明細書で定義する層を示すために使用する。用語「自己組織化単分子膜」を、本出願で述べる場合がある任意の他の層とこの層を区別するために使用する。
R2は、−CH2−または−CF2−である。好ましくは、R2は、−CH2−である。
パラメーターbは、0、1または2である。好ましくは、bは、0または1である。
パラメーターcは、0、1または2である。好ましくは、cは、0または1である。
パラメーターdは、0、1または2である。好ましくは、dは、0または1である。
パラメーターeは、0、1または2である。好ましくは、eは、0または1である。
好ましくは、パラメーターb、c、dおよびeの少なくとも1つは、1であり、つまりb+c+d+e≧1である。
(i)b+dは1である;好ましくはbは1であり、かつdは0である。
(ii)b、cおよびeはすべて1であり;かつdは0である。
(iii)eは1であり;かつb、cおよびdはすべて0である。
(iv)b、c、dおよびeはすべて1である。
(v)cおよびeはすべて1であり;かつbおよびdはすべて0である。
(vi)cは1であり;かつb、dおよびeはすべて0である。
− ソース電極、
− ドレイン電極、
− ゲート電極、
− 本発明による自己組織化単分子膜、
− 半導体層、
− 1つ以上のゲート絶縁体層、および
− 任意に、基板、
ここで電極の少なくとも1つは、金属または金属酸化物を含む。好ましくは、金属または金属酸化物を含む前記電極の少なくとも1つは、自己組織化単分子膜によって被覆されている。
有機半導体材料は、例えばn型またはp型有機半導体であり得、それを、真空蒸着もしくは蒸着によって堆積させるか、または好ましくは溶液から堆積させることができる。好ましくは、10−5cm2V−1s−1より大きなFET移動度を有する有機半導体材料を使用することができる。
本発明によるトランジスタデバイスはまた、p型半導体チャネルおよびn型半導体チャネルの両方を含む相補型有機薄膜トランジスタ(CTFT)であり得る。
− 低い仕事関数の電極(例えば金属、例えばアルミニウム)、および高い仕事関数の電極(例えば酸化インジウムスズ、しばしば「ITO」と称される)、これらのうち一方が透明である、
− 低い仕事関数の電極と高い仕事関数の電極との間に位置する、好ましくは有機半導体材料から選択された、正孔輸送材料および電子輸送材料を含む層(「活性層」とも称される);活性層は、例えば2層もしくは2つの別個の層またはp型およびn型半導体のブレンドもしくは混合物として存在し、バルクヘテロ接合(BHJ)を形成することができる(例えばCoakley, K. M.およびMcGehee, M. D. Chem. Mater. 2004, 16, 4533を参照)、
ここで、電極の少なくとも一方、好ましくは高い仕事関数の電極は、本発明による自己組織化単分子膜で被覆されている。
− 低い仕事関数の電極(例えば金属、例えば金)、および高い仕事関数の電極(例えばITO)、これらのうち一方が透明である、
− 低い仕事関数の電極と高い仕事関数の電極との間に位置する、好ましくは有機半導体材料から選択された、正孔輸送材料および電子輸送材料を含む層(「活性層」とも称される);活性層は、例えば2層もしくは2つの別個の層またはp型およびn型半導体のブレンドもしくは混合物として存在し、BHJを形成することができる、
ここで、電極の少なくとも一方、好ましくは高い仕事関数の電極は、本発明による自己組織化単分子膜で被覆されている。
(a) 金属表面または金属酸化物表面を提供すること、および
(c) 上に定義した式(I’)または(I’’)で表される1種以上の前駆体化合物を前記金属表面または金属酸化物表面に適用すること、
を含み、
このようにして本発明による自己組織化単分子膜を前記金属表面または金属酸化物表面に得る、
前記方法を提供する。
あるいはまた、洗浄ステップおよびSAM処理を、2つの別個のステップで連続的に行ってもよい。
本発明の電子デバイス、好ましくは有機電子デバイスの他の層の製造において、標準的な方法を使用して、上に記載した様々な層および材料を堆積させてもよい。
(a) 金属または金属酸化物を堆積させて、ソース電極およびドレイン電極を基板に形成すること、
(b) 任意に、前記ソース電極および前記ドレイン電極の表面を洗浄すること;ならびに
(c) 上に定義した式(I’)または(I’’)で表される1種以上の前駆体化合物を前記ソース電極および前記ドレイン電極に適用し、それにより自己組織化単分子膜を前記ソース電極および前記ドレイン電極の表面に得ること;
(d) 有機半導体材料をソースおよびドレイン電極ならびに自己組織化単分子膜に堆積させ、このように有機半導体層を形成すること。
任意に、ステップ(c)において、上に定義した1種以上の前駆体化合物の適用に、存在するあらゆる溶媒の少なくとも部分的な除去、または自己組織化単分子膜の焼きなまし、または両方を後続させてもよい。
任意に、ステップ(d)において、有機半導体材料の堆積に、存在するあらゆる溶媒の少なくとも部分的な除去、または有機半導体材料の焼きなまし、または両方を後続させてもよい。
(e) ゲート絶縁体材料を前記有機半導体層に堆積させ、それによりゲート絶縁体層を堆積させること;
(f) ゲート電極を前記ゲート絶縁体層に堆積させること;および
(g) 任意に、不動態化層を前記ゲート電極に堆積させること。
文脈が他に明確に示さない限り、本明細書で使用する用語の複数形は、本明細書で単数形を含むと解釈されるべきであり、逆もまた同様である。
他に示さない場合には、出発物質を、商業的供給源、例えばAldrich Chemicalsを通じて購入した。
ステップa
50μmのチャネル幅および1000μmのチャネル長さを有するボトム接触−トップゲートトランジスタ(略図について図3を参照)を、ガラス基板上に製造した。Ag電極を、ガラス基板上に、シャドウマスクでの側方構造化を使用して、熱的蒸発によって堆積させた。そして得られた構造体を、TMP−SH 3またはTMP−CH2−SH 5のいずれかをクロロベンゼンに溶解した1mmol/l溶液に浸漬した。次いで、n型半導体(ActivInkTM N2200 [P(NDI2OD-T2)]), Polyera Corporation, Skokie, Ill., USA)を、1wt%クロロベンゼン溶液からその上にスピンコートし、100℃で180s焼きなました。そして、誘電体層を、アモルファスフッ素重合体(CYTOPTM、旭硝子社)をスピンコートすることによって形成し、100℃で300s焼きなました。すべてのスピンコーティングステップを、窒素雰囲気下でグローブボックス内で行った。最後に、Agゲート電極を、熱的蒸発によって誘電体層上に堆積させた。
本発明の部分の効率を定量するために、Au表面のそれぞれの仕事関数(WF)および例2の前駆体化合物(TMP-CH2-SH)の接触角を、前駆体化合物ベンジルチオール(C6H5−CH2−SH)および4−メトキシ−α−トルエンチオールに対する比較において試験した。結果を、表3に示す。
50μmのチャネル幅および1000μmのチャネル長さを有するボトム接触−トップゲートトランジスタ(略図について図3を参照)を、超音波浴内でアセトンおよびイソプロパノールで洗浄したガラス基板上に製造した。Au電極を、シャドウマスクを使用して、熱的蒸発によってガラス基板上に堆積させた。そして、得られた構造体を、TMP−SH 3またはTMP−CH2−SH 5のいずれかをクロロベンゼンに溶解した0.1mmol/l溶液中に1000s浸漬した。その後、グローブボックス内で窒素雰囲気下で、n型半導体(ActivInkTM N2200 [P(NDI2OD-T2)]), Polyera Corporation, Skokie, Ill., USA)を、10mg/mlクロロベンゼン溶液からその上にスピンコートし、100℃で180sホットプレート上で加熱した。そして、Parylene Nの誘電体層を、SPSTMによるPDS2010 Coating Systemを使用して、気相堆積によって形成した。最後に、約100nmの厚さのAgゲート電極を、熱的蒸発によって誘電体層上に、シャドウマスクを使用して堆積させた。得られたデバイスを、いかなるさらなる封入層なく、周囲条件下でそれ自体で使用することができた。
Claims (15)
- 式(I)
で表される部分を含む、自己組織化単分子膜。 - R1がメチルである、請求項1に記載の部分を含む自己組織化単分子膜。
- R2が−CH2−である、請求項1または請求項2に記載の部分を含む自己組織化単分子膜。
- Ar1が以下の式(II−1)〜(II−7)
- X1が−S−、−S−S−、−C(=S)−S−、−SO3−、−S−SO3−、−PO2H−および−PO3H−からなる群から選択される、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の部分を含む自己組織化単分子膜。
- X1が−S−である、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の部分を含む自己組織化単分子膜。
- aが3である、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の部分を含む自己組織化単分子膜。
- b+c+d+e≧1である、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の部分を含む自己組織化単分子膜。
- eが1である、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の部分を含む自己組織化単分子膜。
- bが1であり、cが1であり、dが0であり、かつeが0もしくは1である;または、bが0であり、cが1であり、dが0であり、かつeが0もしくは1である、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の部分を含む自己組織化単分子膜。
- 請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の自己組織化単分子膜を含む、有機電子デバイス。
- 有機電界効果トランジスタ(OFET)、薄膜トランジスタ(TFT)、集積回路(IC)、論理回路、キャパシタ、無線周波数識別(RFID)タグ、デバイスまたはコンポーネント、有機発光ダイオード(OLED)、有機発光トランジスタ(OLET)、フラットパネルディスプレイ、ディスプレイのバックライト、有機光起電装置(OPV)、有機太陽電池(OSC)、フォトダイオード、レーザーダイオード、光伝導体、有機光検出器(OPD)、電子写真デバイス、電子写真記録デバイス、有機メモリーデバイス、センサーデバイス、ポリマー発光ダイオード(PLED)中の電荷注入層、電荷輸送層または中間層、ショットキーダイオード、平坦化層、帯電防止フィルム、ポリマー電解質膜(PEM)、伝導性基板、伝導性パターン、電池における電極材料、配列層、バイオセンサー、バイオチップ、セキュリティマーキング、セキュリティデバイス、およびDNA配列を検出し、同定するためのコンポーネントまたはデバイスからなる群から選択される、請求項11に記載の有機電子デバイス。
- 請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の自己組織化単分子膜の製造方法であって、以下のステップ
(a)金属表面または金属酸化物表面を提供すること、および
(c)1種以上の前駆体化合物を、前記金属表面または金属酸化物表面に適用すること
を含み、このようにして自己組織化単分子膜を、前記金属表面または金属酸化物表面上に得、
ここで前駆体化合物が式(I)
で表される部分を含む、前記方法。 - 前駆体化合物が式(I’)または(I’’)
- 前駆体化合物が、請求項2〜10のいずれか一項においてさらに定義されている部分を含む、請求項13または14に記載の方法。
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