JP2017227530A - Partial pressurization device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a partial pressurization device capable of executing determination based on a numerical value other than that of an organoleptic test exceeding maximum pressure difference one atmospheric pressure (=1013hP≒0.1MP) regarding a device that detects a defect of a partial welded part on a metal surface or the like particularly having a planar part which cannot have a reactive force point.MEANS FOR SOLVING THE PROBLEM: This partial pressurization device is provided with: a pressurization container part that has pressurizing means directly mounted on an object to be pressurized; a device suppressing structure part that has pressurization weight means or suction means; and a sealing means for maintaining a mutual pressure difference in a place where each boundary of the container having pressurizing means and an outside air part of a pressure reduction part having the suction means is brought into contact with a flat plate part to be measured. A pressure difference of one atmospheric pressure or more can be effectively obtained by providing the pressure reduction part and the sealing part around the pressurization part and utilizing the weight.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to, for example, a partial pressure device, and more particularly, to a partial pressure device on a partial surface such as a metal in a bottom surface portion that cannot have a reaction point.

  It may be necessary to guarantee the performance of the non-test body by examining the pressure-proof performance at least partially in a non-test body such as a structure or machine that requires hermeticity. At this time, it is preferable to measure whether or not there is a leakage of the pressurized medium by applying pressure to at least the portion whose performance is to be measured.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a packing in which a pressing plate that is fixed by a flange member and a connecting shaft is disposed opposite to the flange member, and a cylindrical member that is externally mounted on the connecting shaft is slidably fitted through an O-ring. By forming the space under test so that it is composed of a piston member that surrounds it, it is easy to handle and mount, and it is possible to seal any required section and pressurize the same part at high pressure. However, the technical idea that no leakage occurs is disclosed. Patent Document 1 is premised on having a reaction force.

  However, there is a case where the reaction force at the time of pressurization cannot be taken depending on the conditions such as the space under test, the installation environment of the device under test, and the installation location. For example, Patent Document 2 discloses a vertical bent pipe heat exchanger in which water is supplied using a water supply pump into a vertical bent pipe heat exchanger formed by connecting lower headers with vertical U-shaped bent pipes. Once the water has flowed through the water supply, temporarily stop the water supply by the water supply pump, pressurize the inside of the vertical bent pipe heat exchanger with a compressor, and then use the water supply pump again to perform the vertical bending in the pressurized state. A technical idea is disclosed in which water is supplied into a tubular heat exchanger so that even a small-capacity pump can completely fill the upper bent portion of a vertical bent tube. In the case of Patent Document 2, the reaction force mechanism is not particularly required. In the case of relatively large structures and buildings, a huge amount of water is required because of the idea of filling water.

  In particular, there are structures having a structure that cannot take a reaction force, such as relatively large structures and buildings that require hermeticity. At this time, as in Patent Document 2, a mechanism for examining the pressure resistance performance without enormous consumption of resources has never existed.

JP-A-7-140035 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-160360

  In particular, in order to use a pressurization method for detection of a welding defect or the like in a relatively large structure having a partial weld on the bottom surface that cannot have a reaction force point, the pressure is generated at the site to be pressurized. It is considered that a reaction point is provided to counter the force and the pressurizing device is fixed, or a weight corresponding to the generated force is loaded and the device is pressed against the pressurizing surface to pressurize.

  However, in the above method, a reaction point must be provided in order to fix the pressurizing device, and an enormous weight must be loaded to press the pressurizing device. The present invention is intended to solve such conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a partial pressure device that eliminates the need for a reaction force point for fixing the pressure device and can reduce the weight to be loaded. . More specifically, in an apparatus for detecting a defect in a partial welded portion on the surface of a metal or the like having a flat portion that cannot have a reaction point in particular, the maximum pressure difference exceeds 1 atm (= 1013 hP≈0.1 MP), An object of the present invention is to provide a partial pressure device capable of more accurate determination by enabling determination by a numerical value that is not a sensory test.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, a partial pressurization apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a pressurization container unit having a pressurization unit placed directly on a pressurized body, and a pressurization weight. And / or a device holding structure portion by a decompression section having a suction means, a boundary portion between the container section having the pressurization means, a decompression section having the suction means, and an outside air portion is a measured flat plate section. By having the sealing means for maintaining the mutual pressure difference at the contact point, the effect of reducing the force applied by the negative pressure by the suction means to the direction in which the pressure applied by the pressurizing means moves away from the measured part can be obtained. Further, by using the pressure weight means, the suction effect by the suction means can be enhanced.

  In this case, the area of the area where the pressure reducing part having the suction means is in contact with the flat surface part serving as the object to be measured is equal to the area of the flat surface part serving as the object being measured by the pressure container part having the pressure means. By having an area larger than the area of the contact area, the negative pressure by the suction means described in the previous section may be able to effectively cancel out the force applied in the direction away from the part to be measured.

  Further, in the above case, the sealing means fixed at the position in contact with the measured flat plate portion in order to maintain the mutual pressure difference at each boundary portion of the container portion, the pressure reducing portion, and the outside air portion has different elastic coefficients. By laminating with a plurality of sealing materials made of rubber, synthetic resin, etc., the seal shape is maintained, and at the same time, the displacement and deformation due to the above pressure difference are effectively true contact with the uneven portions on the contact surface It is also possible to ensure the sealing effect.

  On the other hand, in the above case, the sealing means that is fixed at a position in contact with the measured flat plate portion at each boundary portion of the container portion, the pressure reducing portion, and the outside air portion has a high pressure. Displacement and deformation due to the above-mentioned pressure difference are further ensured by the wedge effect by using a substantially taper-shaped sealing material with a large thickness on the side and a small thickness on the low pressure side. A good sealing effect can also be obtained.

It is basic structure sectional drawing of the partial pressurization apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a basic structure figure of the partial pressurization apparatus concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram which shows the pressurization area | region and pressure reduction area | region in the partial pressurization apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is the other structural example which shows the pressurization area | region and pressure reduction area | region in the partial pressurization apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is the other structural example which shows the pressurization area | region and pressure reduction area | region in the partial pressurization apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the to-be-measured part in the partial pressurization apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the other example of the to-be-measured part in the partial pressurization apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the positional relationship of the height direction of the seal part of the partial pressurization apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the seal | sticker part I in the partial pressurization apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the other example of the seal | sticker part I in the partial pressurization apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the other example of the seal | sticker part I in the partial pressurization apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the seal | sticker part II in the partial pressurization apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the other example of the seal | sticker part II in the partial pressurization apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an example of the cross section of the composite seal | sticker part of the partial pressurization apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an example of the cross section of the wedge-shaped seal part of the partial pressurization apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a structural example of the partial pressurization apparatus which concerns on another embodiment of this invention. It is an image figure of the conventional vacuum test.

  FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of the basic structure of a partial pressurizing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. A pressure vessel 1 is a sealing part so as to surround a partial welded part on a flat surface such as metal. Airtightness is maintained through the. This is a method of confirming a welding defect by reducing a predetermined pressure if there is a leak due to a defect in the welded part within a time period in which the internal pressure P is maintained by compressed air or the like sent from the pressurizing part. Note that the metal surface is not necessarily flat (hereinafter the same).

FIG. 2 shows the basic structure of a partial pressurizing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. The pressure vessel 1 is hermetically sealed via a seal part I31 so as to surround a partial welded part such as a metal on a flat surface. Is held, and a decompression chamber is formed on the outer periphery thereof, and a weight is installed on the upper portion thereof. At the same time that the internal pressure P is maintained by compressed air sent from the pressurizing unit, and the internal pressure in the decompression chamber is reduced, a suction effect is obtained by the surrounding seal unit I31 and the seal unit II32, so that the pressure vessel The effect of reducing or canceling the force pushed away from the surface to be measured by the pressure P of the part 1 can be obtained. Furthermore, since the weight installed in the upper part of the apparatus applies a force in the same direction as the suction effect, the effect can be further improved. Incidentally, when the pressure of the pressure vessel portion 1 and the area of a region applied to the surface to be measured and A _P, the area of the region where the reduced pressure of the vacuum chamber is applied to the surface to be measured and A _V, the above effect is It depends on the area ratio.

FIG. 3A is a diagram illustrating an example of a pressurization region and a decompression region in a partial pressurization apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and pressurization corresponding to a measurement region having a length of M ₁ × M _{2 and} a substantially rectangular or square shape. the area of the region and a _P, the reduced pressure of the decompression chamber indicates the area of a region applied to the surface to be measured at a _V. Here, A _V > A _P leads to an increase in the effect.

Figure 3B is a view showing an example in which a substantially circular or oval structure with a diameter D ₁ of the shape of substantially rectangular or square FIG, similarly to the above, the area of the press section and A _P, the vacuum region It is indicated by _{a V} area.

FIG. 3C shows an example in which the reduced pressure area is divided into a plurality of areas in the substantially rectangular structure shown in the figure. For example, in the case of four divisions, if A _V = A _V1 + A _V2 + A _V3 + A _V4 , the condition of A _V > A _P is the same as above.

It relates area A _V area A _P and vacuum regions of the press section in FIGS. 3A-3C, when the tentatively P = 0.16 MPa internal pressure of the pressure vessel portion, the area A corresponding to the measuring area _The force applied to _P becomes the force F _A = 0.16 × A _P (kgf) for lifting the device. On the other hand, if the pressure reducing part is reduced to a substantially vacuum state (V _P ≈0.1 MPa), the force F _V = 0.1 × A _P (kgf). That is, the pressure ratio here is FA: FV = 1.6: 1. Here, if the vacuum region is an area corresponding to 1.6 times the measured area to be pressed, it means that the force can be balanced. Furthermore, in the measurement, a more stable measurement can be performed by increasing the area on the vacuum side or providing a weight that works in a direction to suppress the measuring device.

FIG. 4A is an image view showing an example of a part to be measured in the partial pressure device according to an embodiment of the present invention. For example, a welded substantially circular plate is welded to a substantially circular through hole of a metal flat plate using a backing metal. Indicates the state. Here, we have a large structure than welds maximum diameter D ₂ after the inner shape of the region of reduced pressure as described in FIGS. 3A and 3B are welded around the substantially disc.

FIG. 4B is an image view showing another example of the part to be measured in the partial pressure device according to the embodiment of the present invention, and shows a state in which a penetrating member is welded and fixed to a relatively small through hole portion of a flat metal plate, for example. Yes. Here, the inner shape of the region of reduced pressure as described in FIGS. 3A and 3B are a large structure than welds maximum dimension D ₃ after welding the penetrating member.

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the positional relationship in the height direction of the seal portion, where the dimension in the height direction of the fixing region of the seal portion located between the pressure vessel portion 1 and the pressure reduction chamber 2 is h _1, and 2 and the dimension in the height direction of the fixing region of the seal portion located between the atmosphere corresponding to the outside of the apparatus and h ₂ , and the decompression chamber 2 outer peripheral portion has a height corresponding to the expected compression amount of the seal. The expected abutting portion 24 is provided. The heights of h ₁ and h ₂ are preferably such that the abutting portion 24 comes into contact with the flat metal plate 4 on the measured side in consideration of the compression deformation allowance of the seal. Incidentally, the position of the abutting portion 24 is not limited to this position, and it is allowed to allow for a margin in a range that does not cause an inclination that causes non-uniform compression of the seal portion when the apparatus is pressed against the flat metal plate 4. It is a range.

FIG. 6A is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the seal portion I31 in the partial pressure device according to the embodiment of the present invention. The bottom surface portion of the pressure vessel portion 1 is provided with, for example, a seal member 31c having high hardness via an adhesive, for example. For example, a composite seal portion 31a in which a seal member 31d having a low hardness is combined into a plurality of layers, and a seal member 31c having a high hardness or a seal member 31d having a low hardness (not shown) on the side of the flat metal plate 4 that contacts the composite seal portion 31a. The internal pressure of the pressure vessel portion 1 is blocked from leaking from the seal portion I31 by fixing the two in a state where both are pressed. Here, the sum (H ₁ + H ₂ ) of the thickness H ₁ of the composite seal portion 31 a fixed to the bottom surface portion of the pressure vessel portion 1 and the thickness H ₂ of the seal member 31 c fixed to the metal flat plate 4 is The value is larger than the dimension h ₁ provided on the bottom surface of the pressure vessel portion 1 by a thickness that allows for the allowance for compressive deformation of the seal.

FIG. 6B is another structural example showing the configuration of the seal portion I31 in the partial pressurization apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, and the bottom surface portion of the pressure vessel portion 1 in FIG. 6A is a metal for fixing the composite seal portion 31a. This is an example of a structure having a flange portion 14 having a surface parallel to the flat plate 4 and having a large area. Here, the sum (H ₁ + H ₂ ) of the thickness H ₁ of the composite seal portion 31 a and the thickness H ₂ of the seal member 31 c fixed to the metal flat plate 4 is provided on the bottom surface portion of the pressure vessel portion 1. It is a value larger than the dimension h ₁ by the thickness that allows for the compression deformation allowance of the seal.

  FIG. 6C is another structural example showing the configuration of the seal portion I31 in the partial pressure device according to the embodiment of the present invention. The bottom surface portion of the pressure vessel portion 1 in FIG. 6A is directed toward the inside of the pressure vessel portion 1. The wedge-shaped seal portion 31e is configured with a slope surface that is largely inclined, and the slope surface as a fixing layer 31a. Here, the cross section of the wedge-shaped seal portion 31e has a gradient having substantially the same inclination in the surface corresponding to the bottom surface portion of the pressure vessel portion 1, and the surface on the metal flat plate 4 side has a planar shape. With this structure, when the internal pressure of the pressure vessel 1 increases, a wedge effect due to the pressure causes the surface to be sealed of the wedge-shaped seal portion 31e to adhere more firmly, thereby obtaining a reliable sealing effect.

FIG. 7A is a diagram showing the configuration of the seal portion II32 in the partial pressurization apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. The bottom surface portion located at the outer peripheral portion of the decompression chamber 2 is a metal flat that serves as a part to be measured. A composite seal portion 32a is provided that has an abutting portion 24 that comes into contact with the face plate 4 and that combines, for example, a seal member 32c having a high hardness and a seal member 32d having a low hardness, for example, with a plurality of layers through an adhesive. Further, the metal flat plate 4 that abuts against the composite seal portion 32a is also configured with the seal member 32c having high hardness and fixed in a state where both of them are pressed, whereby the outer atmosphere of the metal leaks into the decompression chamber 2 from the seal portion II32. That is cut off. Here, the sum (H ₁ + H ₂ ) of the thickness H ₁ of the composite seal portion 32 a fixed to the bottom surface portion of the decompression chamber peripheral portion 32 e and the thickness H ₂ of the seal member 32 c fixed to the metal flat plate 4. Is larger than the dimension h ₁ provided on the bottom surface of the pressurized container 1 by a thickness that allows for the compression deformation of the seal.

  FIG. 7B is a diagram showing another example of the seal portion II32 in the partial pressurization apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, and the bottom surface portion located on the outer peripheral portion of the decompression chamber 2 in FIG. The wedge-shaped seal portion 32f is configured with an inclined surface that is greatly inclined toward the surface, and the inclined surface is used as the fixing layer 32a. Here, the cross section of the wedge-shaped seal portion 32f has a slope having substantially the same inclination in the surface corresponding to the bottom surface portion of the decompression chamber 2, and the surface on the metal flat plate 4 side has a planar shape. With this structure, when the decompression chamber 2 is decompressed, the wedge effect works by acting in the direction in which the wedge-shaped seal portion 32f is sucked, and the surface to be sealed of the wedge-shaped seal portion 32f is more firmly attached By doing so, a reliable sealing effect can be obtained.

  FIG. 8A is an example of a cross section of a rectangular composite seal portion 31a in a partial pressurizing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention, and the cross-sectional structure is not limited to a rectangular shape, and is equivalent to other structures. .

  FIG. 8B is an example of a cross section of a rectangular wedge-shaped seal portion 32f in a partial pressurizing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention, and the cross-sectional structure is not limited to a rectangular shape but is equivalent to other structures. It is.

  FIG. 9 is a structural example of a partial pressurizing apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention. In addition to the structure shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the pressure vessel portion is substantially hemispherical. When increasing the internal pressure P in this test, if it is necessary to reduce the thickness of the pressure-resistant structure and make the whole lighter, it is possible to obtain a light weight effect by making the pressure part substantially spherical. .

  FIG. 10 is a conceptual diagram of a conventional vacuum test. In contrast to the present plan, the pressure in the measurement region is reduced, and the pressure vessel is stable without floating, but the internal / external pressure difference when there is a leak is 1 atm ( ≒ 0.1MP).

  As described above, according to the present invention, the pressurized container portion having the pressurizing means placed directly on the member to be pressurized and the decompression portion having the pressurizing weight means and / or the suction means. For maintaining the pressure difference between the device holding structure portion, the container portion having the pressurizing means, the depressurizing portion having the suction means, and the boundary between the outside air portion and the plate portion to be measured. It is possible to obtain an effective pressure difference of 1 atm or more easily by providing a sealing means and using a weight.

  It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be modified and implemented without departing from the gist of the present invention, and these are all part of the technical idea.

  The present invention having the features and advantages as described above is a structure or a structure that requires airtightness of a welding point such as an LNG tank, an LNG tanker (LNG carrier), a nuclear power plant facility, an aircraft, a ship, and the like. It has applicability to all structures and structures that have a flat surface that cannot have reaction points.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Pressure vessel 11 Pressurization part 12 Pressure gauge 13 Pressurization measurement area 2 Depressurization chamber 21 Decompression part 22 Vacuum gauge 23 Decompression area 24 Butting part 3 Seal part 31 Seal part I
31a Composite seal portion 31b Adhering portion 31c For example, hard seal member 31d For example, soft seal member 31e Wedge-type seal portion 32 Seal portion II
32a Composite seal portion 32b Adhering portion 32c Hard seal member 32d Soft seal member 32e Soft pressure chamber surrounding portion 32f Wedge-type seal portion 4 Metal flat plate 5 Weight 6 Welding portion 61 Welding disc 62 Backing metal 63 Penetrating member 7 Safety valve A area A area of the _P pressure area A area of the _V pressure reduction area D ₁ diameter of the circular pressure area D ₂ , D ₃ maximum diameter of the welded part of the disc and maximum dimension of the welded part of the penetrating member H ₁ composite seal part Thickness of H ₂ Thickness of seal member attached to flat metal plate h ₁ Dimension of gap where seal part I abuts h ₂ Dimension of gap where seal part II abuts L Leakage (leakage) part M ₁ , M ₂ rectangle pressurization Length and width of the area P Pressure W Force to press the device

Claims (4)

A pressurized container portion having a pressurizing means placed directly on the member to be pressurized;
A device holding structure portion by a decompression portion having a pressurized weight means and / or a suction means;
Sealing means for maintaining a pressure difference between the boundary portions of the container portion having the pressurizing means, the decompression portion having the suction means, and the outside air portion at the contact with the measured flat plate portion. A partial pressure device characterized by that.   The area of the area where the pressure reducing part having the suction means contacts the surface part serving as the object to be measured is larger than the area of the area where the pressure container part including the pressurizing means contacts the surface part serving as the object to be measured. The partial pressure device according to claim 1, wherein the partial pressure device is provided.   In each boundary part of the container part, the pressure reducing part, and the outside air part, a sealing means fixed to a place in contact with the measured flat plate part to maintain a mutual pressure difference is a rubber or a synthetic resin having different elastic coefficients. The partial pressurizing device according to claim 1, wherein the partial pressurizing device is laminated with a plurality of sealing materials composed of, for example. In each boundary part of the container part, the pressure reducing part, and the outside air part, the sealing means fixed to the place in contact with the measured flat plate part in order to maintain the mutual pressure difference is a thickness located on the high pressure side. The partial pressure device according to claim 1, wherein the partial pressure device is a sealing material having a gradient with a large thickness and a small thickness located on a low pressure side.

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