JP2017227054A - Skeleton immersion method - Google Patents

Skeleton immersion method Download PDF

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JP2017227054A
JP2017227054A JP2016124503A JP2016124503A JP2017227054A JP 2017227054 A JP2017227054 A JP 2017227054A JP 2016124503 A JP2016124503 A JP 2016124503A JP 2016124503 A JP2016124503 A JP 2016124503A JP 2017227054 A JP2017227054 A JP 2017227054A
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housing
ground
skeleton
replacement
frame
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JP6769751B2 (en
Inventor
知英 渡邊
Tomohide Watanabe
知英 渡邊
遠藤 智
Satoshi Endo
智 遠藤
宮地 孝
Takashi Miyaji
孝 宮地
充弘 佐藤
Mitsuhiro Sato
充弘 佐藤
良幸 濱田
Yoshiyuki Hamada
良幸 濱田
石田 隆
Takashi Ishida
隆 石田
貴浩 古川
Takahiro Furukawa
貴浩 古川
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Taisei Corp
Kato Construction Co Ltd
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Taisei Corp
Kato Construction Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a skeleton immersion method that enables stable immersion of a skeleton without disturbing an outer perimeter of the skeleton in natural ground.SOLUTION: A skeleton immersion method includes a step of forming a plurality of substitution products 2, 2,..., and a step of immersing a cylindrical skeleton 1. The plurality of substitution products 2, 2,... are arranged in a cylindrical shape in accordance with a cross-sectional shape of the skeleton 1, and formed to be positioned on the inside with respect to an outer surface of the skeleton 1. The substitution product 2 is formed by drilling a hole in a columnar shape in ground and filling the inside of the drilled hole with sand.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、躯体沈設工法に関する。   The present invention relates to a body setting method.

立坑や構造物基礎を構築する工法として、筒状の躯体を地中に圧入するケーソン工法やPCウェル工法等(以下、単に「躯体沈設工法」という)が知られている。
このような躯体沈設工法の施工対象地盤が硬質土層を含んでいる場合には、躯体を安定して圧入することができないおそれがある。そのため、図6(a)および(b)に示すように、硬質土層に対して先行削孔を行い、躯体101の直下(躯体101の刃口103が接触する箇所)の原地盤を砂等に置き換えて置換体102を形成してから躯体101を圧入する場合がある。また、特許文献1には、躯体の直下の地盤を掘削手段により掘削することで、躯体の周方向に沿って複数の掘削孔を形成しておき、この掘削孔の集合体に躯体を圧入する沈設工法が開示されている。
なお、原地盤が軟弱地盤の場合には、躯体の周方向に沿って先行掘削を行い、躯体直下の原地盤を砂等に置き換えることで、躯体の支持力を確保しつつ、躯体を圧入する場合がある。
As a construction method for constructing a shaft or a structure foundation, a caisson method, a PC well method, etc. (hereinafter, simply referred to as a “body construction method”) in which a cylindrical frame is press-fitted into the ground are known.
When the ground subject to the construction of such a body laying method includes a hard soil layer, the body may not be stably press-fitted. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b), a pre-drilling hole is made in the hard soil layer, and the original ground just below the casing 101 (where the blade edge 103 of the casing 101 contacts) is sand or the like. In some cases, the housing 101 is press-fitted after the replacement body 102 is formed. Further, in Patent Document 1, a plurality of excavation holes are formed along the circumferential direction of the enclosure by excavating the ground directly below the enclosure by excavation means, and the enclosure is press-fitted into the assembly of the excavation holes. A sinking method is disclosed.
In addition, when the original ground is soft ground, advance excavation is performed along the circumferential direction of the frame, and the original ground directly under the frame is replaced with sand, etc., and the frame is press-fitted while securing the support of the frame. There is a case.

特許第3967494号公報Japanese Patent No. 3967494

躯体101の沈設箇所に応じて地盤を砂等によって置き換えて置換体102を形成すると、躯体101の外周囲の地盤も含めて砂等に置換することになる。そのため、躯体101の外周囲の地盤が乱された状態になり、躯体101の外周囲に補強材を注入する等の対策工を施す場合がある。躯体101の外周囲への補強対策には、手間と費用がかかる。
本発明は、このような従来技術の課題を解決すべくなされたものであり、躯体の外周囲の原地盤を乱すことなく、安定して躯体を沈設することが可能な躯体沈設工法を提案することを課題とする。
When the ground is replaced with sand or the like in accordance with the location of the housing 101 to form the replacement body 102, the ground including the outer periphery of the housing 101 is replaced with sand or the like. For this reason, the ground around the outer periphery of the casing 101 is disturbed, and there are cases where countermeasures such as injecting a reinforcing material into the outer periphery of the casing 101 are performed. It takes time and effort to reinforce the outer periphery of the casing 101.
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems of the prior art, and proposes a method for constructing a chassis that can stably deposit the chassis without disturbing the original ground around the exterior of the chassis. This is the issue.

前記課題を解決するために、本発明は、複数本の置換体を形成する工程と、筒状の躯体を沈設する工程とを備える躯体沈設工法であって、前記複数本の置換体を、前記躯体の断面形状に応じて筒状に配置するとともに、前記躯体の外面よりも内側に位置するように形成することを特徴としている。
かかる躯体沈設工法によれば、躯体の外側の原地盤が乱されることがない。そのため、躯体の外周囲に対して補強する必要がない。また、硬質土層を含む地盤に躯体を沈設する際は、躯体直下の硬質土層の一部が置換体側に押し込められるため、躯体圧入時の先端抵抗力の低減化が可能となり、ひいては、躯体の安定的な圧入が可能となる。一方、軟弱地盤に躯体を沈設する場合は、躯体の直下の地盤が躯体の外面よりも内側に位置するように形成された置換体により支持されるので躯体の圧入が安定する。
ここで、「筒状に配置」には、置換体の一部が隣接する他の置換体と重なる場合、隣り合う置換体同士が重なることなく当接している場合および隣り合う置換体同士の間に隙間が形成されている場合を含むものとする。
また、本明細書における「躯体」には、コンクリート製部材や鋼製部材を含むとともに、本設部材として使用する場合や仮設部材として使用する場合も含むものとする。
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention is a housing sinking method comprising a step of forming a plurality of replacement bodies and a step of sinking a cylindrical casing, wherein the plurality of replacement bodies are According to the cross-sectional shape of the housing, it is arranged in a cylindrical shape, and is formed so as to be located inside the outer surface of the housing.
According to such a frame laying method, the original ground outside the frame is not disturbed. Therefore, there is no need to reinforce the outer periphery of the housing. In addition, when sinking the skeleton in the ground including the hard soil layer, a part of the hard soil layer directly under the skeleton is pushed into the replacement body, so that it is possible to reduce the tip resistance force when the skeleton is press-fitted. Stable press-fitting is possible. On the other hand, when sinking the frame on the soft ground, the press-fit of the frame is stabilized because the ground directly below the frame is supported by the replacement body formed so as to be located inside the outer surface of the frame.
Here, “arranged in a cylindrical shape” includes a case where a part of a replacement body overlaps with another adjacent replacement body, a case where adjacent replacement bodies are in contact with each other without overlapping, and a space between adjacent replacement bodies. The case where a gap is formed is included.
In addition, the “casing” in the present specification includes a concrete member and a steel member, and also includes a case where it is used as a permanent member or a temporary member.

前記躯体沈設工法は、前記置換体よりも前記躯体の中心側に、第二の置換体を形成する工程を備えていてもよい。
かかる躯体沈設工法によれば、第二の置換体を利用することで、クラムシェル等による躯体の内側の地盤掘削が容易となり、施工性の向上を図ることが可能となる。
なお、前記置換体は、地盤を柱状に削孔するとともに掘削孔の内部に砂を充填することにより形成すればよい。
The case laying method may include a step of forming a second replacement body closer to the center of the case than the replacement body.
According to such a body laying construction method, by using the second replacement body, it becomes easy to excavate the ground inside the housing with a clamshell or the like, and it becomes possible to improve the workability.
The replacement body may be formed by drilling the ground into a columnar shape and filling the excavation hole with sand.

本発明の躯体沈設工法によれば、躯体の外周囲の原地盤を乱すことなく、安定して躯体を沈設することが可能となる。   According to the frame setting method of the present invention, it is possible to sink the frame stably without disturbing the original ground around the frame.

第一の実施形態に係る躯体沈設工法を示す図であって、(a)は正面図、(b)は平面図である。It is a figure which shows the frame installation method concerning 1st embodiment, Comprising: (a) is a front view, (b) is a top view. (a)〜(d)は、第一の実施形態に係るケーソン構造の構築方法の各施工段階を示す横断面図である。(A)-(d) is a cross-sectional view which shows each construction step of the construction method of the caisson structure which concerns on 1st embodiment. (a)および(b)は他の形態に係る躯体沈設工法の平面図である。(A) And (b) is a top view of the frame installation method concerning other forms. 躯体圧入時の躯体の刃口を模式的に示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows typically the blade edge of the housing at the time of housing press-fit. 第二の実施形態に係る躯体沈設工法を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the frame installation method concerning 2nd embodiment. 従来の躯体沈設工法を示す図であって、(a)は平面図、(b)は躯体圧入時の躯体の刃口を模式的に示す断面図である。It is a figure which shows the conventional frame setting method, (a) is a top view, (b) is sectional drawing which shows typically the blade edge of the frame at the time of body press-fit.

<第一の実施形態>
第一の実施形態では、硬質土層(例えば、泥岩、軟岩、巨礫、N>50以上の粘土混じり砂礫層等)を有する地盤に躯体(ケーソン)を圧入する場合について説明する。本実施形態の躯体1は、図1に示すように、複数のセグメント11,11,…を組み合わせることにより平面視円形に形成されている。躯体1は、セグメント11によりセグメントリング12を形成し、このセグメントリング12を上下方向に連設することにより形成されている。本実施形態では鋼製セグメントを使用する。なお、セグメントを構成する材料は限定されるものではなく、例えばコンクリート製であってもよい。また、躯体1は、筒状の部材により形成してもよい。さらに、躯体1は必ずしも円筒状である必要はなく、例えば、角筒状であってもよい。
なお、躯体1の下端の刃口13は、下に向うに従って厚みが小さくなるように、内面側がテーパ状を呈している。
躯体1の沈設作業は、地盤に対して置換体2を形成した状態で行う。
<First embodiment>
In the first embodiment, a case will be described in which a caisson is pressed into a ground having a hard soil layer (for example, mudstone, soft rock, boulders, a gravel layer mixed with clay of N> 50 or more). As shown in FIG. 1, the housing 1 of the present embodiment is formed in a circular shape in plan view by combining a plurality of segments 11, 11,. The housing 1 is formed by forming a segment ring 12 with segments 11 and connecting the segment rings 12 in the vertical direction. In this embodiment, a steel segment is used. In addition, the material which comprises a segment is not limited, For example, the product made from concrete may be sufficient. Moreover, you may form the housing 1 by a cylindrical member. Furthermore, the housing 1 is not necessarily cylindrical, and may be, for example, a rectangular tube.
In addition, as for the blade edge 13 of the lower end of the housing 1, the inner surface side is exhibiting a taper shape so that thickness may become small as it goes below.
The installation work of the frame 1 is performed in a state where the replacement body 2 is formed on the ground.

次に図面を参照して本実施形態の躯体沈設工法を説明する。
本実施形態の躯体沈設工法は、躯体の沈設とともに躯体の内空部の地盤掘削を行ういわゆるオープンケーソン工法であって、アンカー設置工程、第一置換工程、第二置換工程、沈設工程および掘削工程を備えている。
アンカー設置工程は、図2(a)に示すように、躯体1の沈設予定地の周囲に所定数のアンカー41を設置する工程である。
アンカー41は、躯体1の沈設時において、ジャッキ42(図2(c)参照)による圧入力に対して十分な耐力を発現することが可能となるように、本数や定着長等が設定されている。アンカー41の先端には、定着体43が形成されている。なお、アンカー41の形式や構成等は限定されるものではなく、適宜公知のアンカーから選定すればよい。また、アンカー41の本数や配置も限定されるものではなく、想定される躯体1の圧入力に応じて適宜設定すればよい。また、アンカー設置工程は、躯体1の圧入方法(圧入装置4の形式)によっては省略してもよい。
Next, with reference to the drawings, a method for constructing a housing according to this embodiment will be described.
The frame setting method of the present embodiment is a so-called open caisson method that performs ground excavation of the inner space of the frame together with the setting of the frame, and includes an anchor installation process, a first replacement process, a second replacement process, a setting process, and an excavation process. It has.
The anchor installation process is a process of installing a predetermined number of anchors 41 around the planned site of the enclosure 1 as shown in FIG.
The anchor 41 has its number, fixing length, etc. set so that when the housing 1 is set, the anchor 41 can exhibit sufficient strength against pressure input by the jack 42 (see FIG. 2C). Yes. A fixing body 43 is formed at the tip of the anchor 41. The type and configuration of the anchor 41 are not limited, and may be selected from known anchors as appropriate. Further, the number and arrangement of the anchors 41 are not limited, and may be appropriately set according to the assumed pressure input of the housing 1. Moreover, you may abbreviate | omit an anchor installation process depending on the press-fit method (type of press-fit apparatus 4) of the housing 1. FIG.

第一置換工程は、図2(b)に示すように、複数本の第一置換体2,2,…を形成する工程である。
第一置換体2は、オールケーシング工法により掘削孔を形成した後、当該掘削孔の内部に砂を充填するとともにケーシングを抜き出すことにより形成されている。本実施形態の第一置換体2は円柱状を呈している。ここで、第一置換体2の長さ(深さ)は、躯体1の高さ(深さ)と同等に形成する。なお、第一置換体2の構築方法はオールケーシング工法に限定されるものではない。例えば、アースオーガ等により乱した土砂に改良材を撹拌混合することにより構築してもよい。また、第一置換体2の長さ(深さ)は、地盤状況に応じて適宜決定すればよい。例えば、部分的に硬質土層を有する地盤の場合には、硬質土層のみに対して第一置換体2を形成すればよい。さらに、第一置換体2は、必ずしも砂により形成する必要はなく、例えば、砂利や再生材などで形成してもよいし、掘削孔内に流動化処理土を充填することにより形成してもよい。
第一置換体2,2,…は、図1(b)に示すように、躯体1の内周面に沿うように、円筒状(平面視円形)に配置する。第一置換体2は、隣接する他の第一置換体2と部分的に重ね合わされた状態で形成されている。
The first substitution step is a step of forming a plurality of first substitution bodies 2, 2,... As shown in FIG.
The first replacement body 2 is formed by forming an excavation hole by the all casing method and then filling the excavation hole with sand and extracting the casing. The first replacement body 2 of the present embodiment has a cylindrical shape. Here, the length (depth) of the first replacement body 2 is formed to be equal to the height (depth) of the housing 1. In addition, the construction method of the 1st substitution body 2 is not limited to the all casing construction method. For example, you may build by stirring and mixing an improving material to the earth and sand disturbed by the earth auger etc. Moreover, what is necessary is just to determine the length (depth) of the 1st substitution body 2 suitably according to a ground condition. For example, in the case of a ground partially having a hard soil layer, the first replacement body 2 may be formed only on the hard soil layer. Further, the first replacement body 2 is not necessarily formed of sand, and may be formed of, for example, gravel or recycled material, or may be formed by filling fluidized soil in the excavation hole. Good.
As shown in FIG. 1 (b), the first replacement bodies 2, 2,... Are arranged in a cylindrical shape (circular in plan view) along the inner peripheral surface of the housing 1. The first substituted body 2 is formed in a state of being partially overlapped with the other adjacent first substituted body 2.

なお、第一置換体2は、図3(a)に示すように、間欠的に配置することで、隣り合う第一置換体2,2との間に隙間を形成してもよい。また、第一置換体2は、躯体1の外面よりも外側に突出しないように、躯体1の外面よりも内側に配置されていれば、必ずしも躯体1の内周面に沿う位置に形成する必要はない。また、異なる直径により形成された第一置換体2を円筒状に配置してもよい。例えば、図3(b)に示すように、直径が大きな大径置換体21と、大径置換体21よりも直径が小さい小径置換体22とを交互に配置してもよい。さらに、第一置換体2の配置は、躯体1の形状に応じて適宜設定すればよく、円筒状である必要はない。   In addition, as shown to Fig.3 (a), the 1st substituted body 2 may form a clearance gap between the adjacent 1st substituted bodies 2 and 2 by arrange | positioning intermittently. Moreover, if the 1st substitution body 2 is arrange | positioned inside the outer surface of the housing 1 so that it may not protrude outside from the outer surface of the housing 1, it is necessary to form in the position along the inner peripheral surface of the housing 1 necessarily. There is no. Moreover, you may arrange | position the 1st substituted body 2 formed with a different diameter cylindrically. For example, as shown in FIG. 3B, the large-diameter replacement body 21 having a large diameter and the small-diameter replacement body 22 having a smaller diameter than the large-diameter replacement body 21 may be alternately arranged. Furthermore, what is necessary is just to set suitably the arrangement | positioning of the 1st substituted body 2 according to the shape of the housing 1, and it does not need to be cylindrical.

第二置換工程は、図1(b)に示すように、円形に配置された第一置換体2,2,…の中心側(躯体1の中心側)に、第二置換体3を形成する工程である。
本実施形態では、躯体1の中心部に4本の第二置換体3,3,…を形成する。第二置換体3同士の間には所定の隙間が形成されている。また、第二置換体3は、躯体1の半径方向に隣接する第一置換体2との間にも第二置換体3同士の隙間と同等の隙間が形成されている。なお、第二置換体3は必要に応じて形成すればよい。また、第二置換体3の外径、本数および配置は限定されるものではなく、躯体1の形状寸法や地盤状況等に応じて適宜決定すればよい。また、第二置換体3の施工方法は、第一置換体2と同様とする。
なお、第二置換体は、必ずしも砂により形成する必要はなく、例えば、砂利や再生材などで形成してもよいし、掘削孔内に流動化処理土を充填することにより形成してもよい。また、第二置換体は、必要に応じて形成する。
In the second substitution step, as shown in FIG. 1B, the second substitution body 3 is formed on the center side (center side of the casing 1) of the first substitution bodies 2, 2,. It is a process.
In the present embodiment, four second substitution bodies 3, 3,... A predetermined gap is formed between the second substitution bodies 3. In addition, a gap equivalent to the gap between the second substitution bodies 3 is formed between the second substitution body 3 and the first substitution body 2 adjacent in the radial direction of the housing 1. In addition, what is necessary is just to form the 2nd substituted body 3 as needed. Moreover, the outer diameter, the number, and the arrangement of the second replacement body 3 are not limited, and may be determined as appropriate according to the shape and the ground condition of the housing 1. The construction method of the second substitute 3 is the same as that of the first substitute 2.
Note that the second replacement body does not necessarily need to be formed of sand, and may be formed of, for example, gravel or recycled material, or may be formed by filling fluidized soil in the excavation hole. . Moreover, a 2nd substituted body is formed as needed.

沈設工程は、図2(c)に示すように、躯体1を圧入(沈設)する工程である。
沈設工程では、アンカー設置工程において配置されたアンカー41を利用してジャッキ42の圧入力により躯体1を圧入する。
なお、躯体1の圧入は、躯体1の上端に梁部材44を横設し、この梁部材44の両端部に設置されたジャッキ42により梁部材44に圧入力を付与することで行う。すなわち、躯体1の圧入は、アンカー41を介してジャッキ42により梁部材44を下方向に押し込むことにより行う。なお、圧入装置4(アンカー41、ジャッキ42等)の構成は限定されるものではない。
躯体1を圧入すると、図4に示すように、刃口13の直下の地盤Gが破砕されるとともに、原地盤よりも軟質な第一置換体2側(躯体1の内側)に押し込められて、削ぎ取られた状態となる。そのため、躯体1の圧入が安定する。
The sinking step is a step of press-fitting (sinking) the housing 1 as shown in FIG.
In the sinking process, the housing 1 is press-fitted by the pressure input of the jack 42 using the anchor 41 arranged in the anchor installation process.
Note that the press fitting of the housing 1 is performed by laterally placing a beam member 44 at the upper end of the housing 1 and applying pressure input to the beam member 44 by jacks 42 installed at both ends of the beam member 44. That is, the press fitting of the housing 1 is performed by pushing the beam member 44 downward by the jack 42 through the anchor 41. The configuration of the press-fitting device 4 (anchor 41, jack 42, etc.) is not limited.
When the housing 1 is press-fitted, as shown in FIG. 4, the ground G 0 immediately below the blade edge 13 is crushed and pushed into the first replacement body 2 side (inside the housing 1) that is softer than the original ground. , It will be in a scraped state. For this reason, the press-fitting of the housing 1 is stabilized.

掘削工程は、図2(d)に示すように、躯体1の圧入後、躯体1内空側を地盤掘削して立坑を形成する工程である。本実施形態では、クラムシェル(図示せず)を利用して、地上部から掘削を行う。具体的には、クラムシェルを広げた状態で、クラムシェルの歯の部分を置換体(第一置換体2または第二置換体3)に挿入し、クラムシェルを引き上げることで、置換体2,3とともに置換体2,3同士の間の未置換部分の掘削を行う。
沈設工程と掘削工程とを繰り返すことにより、所定の深さの立坑を形成する。
As shown in FIG. 2 (d), the excavation process is a process of forming a vertical shaft by excavating the inner side of the enclosure 1 after the press fitting of the enclosure 1. In the present embodiment, excavation is performed from the ground using a clamshell (not shown). Specifically, in a state where the clam shell is expanded, the tooth portion of the clam shell is inserted into the substitute (first substitute 2 or second substitute 3), and the clam shell is pulled up, whereby the substitute 2, 3 and excavation of the non-replaced portion between the replacement bodies 2 and 3.
A shaft having a predetermined depth is formed by repeating the setting process and the excavation process.

本実施形態の躯体沈設工法によれば、躯体1の外側の原地盤が乱されることがないため、躯体1の外周囲に対して補強する必要がない。そのため、従来の躯体沈設工法に比べて、施工の手間および施工費の低減化を図ることができる。
また、躯体1の内面に沿って原地盤よりも軟質な第一置換体2,2,…が形成されているため、掘削が困難な(躯体の圧入が困難な)硬質土層を含む地盤であっても、刃口13が接する躯体1の直下の地盤を崩しやすく、躯体圧入時の先端抵抗力の低減化が可能となり、ひいては、躯体1の安定的な圧入が可能である。
また、躯体1の外面側を原地盤に当接させた状態で形成することができるため、原地盤との摩擦抵抗による地下構造物(立坑)の安定性を見込むことができる。
また、躯体1の内側に間欠的に第二置換体3を形成すると、第二置換体3によって、刃口13の圧入に伴って崩された地盤を吸収しやすくなる。また、躯体1の内側空間の地盤が崩しやすくなり、地盤掘削の施工性が向上する。また、第二置換体によって地盤の一部が砂などで置換されるので、上部(地上部)からのクラムシェルバケット等による掘削が容易となる。
第一置換体2および第二置換体3は、地盤に形成した掘削孔の内部に、入手しやすい砂を充填することにより形成しているため、比較的安価である。
According to the frame setting method of the present embodiment, since the original ground outside the frame 1 is not disturbed, it is not necessary to reinforce the outer periphery of the frame 1. For this reason, it is possible to reduce the labor and cost of the construction as compared with the conventional skeleton laying method.
Further, since the first replacement bodies 2, 2,... That are softer than the original ground are formed along the inner surface of the housing 1, the ground includes a hard soil layer that is difficult to excavate (it is difficult to press-fit the housing). Even if it exists, it is easy to break down the ground directly under the casing 1 with which the blade edge 13 is in contact, and it becomes possible to reduce the tip resistance force at the time of press-fitting the casing, and thus stable press-fitting of the casing 1 is possible.
Moreover, since it can form in the state which contact | abutted the outer surface side of the housing 1 to the original ground, stability of an underground structure (vertical shaft) by the frictional resistance with the original ground can be anticipated.
Moreover, if the 2nd replacement body 3 is intermittently formed inside the housing 1, it will become easy to absorb the ground collapsed with the press injection of the blade edge 13 by the 2nd replacement body 3. FIG. In addition, the ground in the inner space of the frame 1 is likely to collapse, and the workability of ground excavation is improved. In addition, since a part of the ground is replaced with sand or the like by the second replacement body, excavation with a clamshell bucket or the like from the upper portion (ground portion) becomes easy.
Since the 1st substitution body 2 and the 2nd substitution body 3 are formed by filling easily available sand into the inside of the excavation hole formed in the ground, they are comparatively cheap.

<第二の実施形態>
第二の実施形態では、軟弱地盤に躯体(ケーソン)を圧入する場合について説明する。本実施形態では、円筒状に形成されたコンクリート製の躯体1を使用する。図5に示すように、躯体1の下部には作業室15が形成されている。作業室15は、躯体1の直下の地盤を掘削するための空間であって、躯体1の底版14と刃口と地盤とに囲まれている。なお、躯体1を構成する材料は限定されるものではなく、例えば、鋼製部材であってもよい。また、躯体1は必ずしも円筒状である必要はなく、例えば、角筒状であってもよい。
<Second Embodiment>
In the second embodiment, a case where a caisson is press-fitted into soft ground will be described. In the present embodiment, a concrete casing 1 formed in a cylindrical shape is used. As shown in FIG. 5, a working chamber 15 is formed in the lower part of the housing 1. The work chamber 15 is a space for excavating the ground directly below the housing 1, and is surrounded by the bottom plate 14, the blade edge, and the ground of the housing 1. In addition, the material which comprises the housing 1 is not limited, For example, a steel member may be sufficient. Further, the housing 1 is not necessarily cylindrical, and may be, for example, a rectangular tube.

本実施形態の躯体沈設工法は、作業室15において地盤を掘削するとともに躯体1の沈設を行ういわゆるニューマチックケーソン工法であって、置換工程と、沈設工程とを備えている。   The frame setting method according to the present embodiment is a so-called pneumatic caisson method in which the ground is excavated in the work chamber 15 and the frame 1 is set, and includes a replacement process and a setting process.

置換工程は、複数本の置換体2,2,…を形成する工程である。
置換体2は、原地盤(軟弱地盤)よりも硬質となるように、地盤内にセメント系固化材を噴射撹拌することにより円柱状に形成する。なお、置換体2の施工方法は限定されるものではなく、例えば、アースオーガ等により鉛直方向に掘削孔を削孔した後、当該掘削孔の内部に砂や砕石等を充填することにより形成してもよい。置換体2の長さ(深さ)は、躯体1の高さ(深さ)と同等となるように形成する。置換体2の強度(固化材の配合等)は、地盤状況や躯体1の重量等に応じて適宜決定する。
置換体2,2,…は、躯体1の外周面よりも突出することがないように、躯体1の外面に沿って円筒状(平面視円形)に配置する。この他の置換体2の詳細は、第一の実施形態で示した第一置換体2と同様なため、詳細な説明は省略する。
The substitution step is a step of forming a plurality of substitution bodies 2, 2,.
The replacement body 2 is formed in a columnar shape by jetting and stirring a cement-based solidified material in the ground so as to be harder than the original ground (soft ground). The construction method of the replacement body 2 is not limited. For example, the replacement body 2 is formed by drilling a drilling hole in the vertical direction with an earth auger or the like and then filling the drilling hole with sand, crushed stone, or the like. May be. The length (depth) of the replacement body 2 is formed to be equal to the height (depth) of the housing 1. The strength of the replacement body 2 (mixing of the solidifying material, etc.) is appropriately determined according to the ground conditions, the weight of the housing 1, and the like.
The replacement bodies 2, 2,... Are arranged in a cylindrical shape (circular in plan view) along the outer surface of the housing 1 so as not to protrude from the outer peripheral surface of the housing 1. Since the details of the other substitute 2 are the same as those of the first substitute 2 shown in the first embodiment, detailed description thereof is omitted.

沈設工程は、躯体1を圧入(沈設)する工程である。
沈設工程では、作業室15内において躯体1の直下の地盤を掘削するとともに、躯体1を沈設する。
躯体1の外周囲に沿って周囲の地盤よりも硬質な置換体2が形成されているため、躯体1の過沈下および不等沈下が防止されている。その結果、躯体1の圧入が安定する。
本実施形態の躯体沈設工法によれば、躯体の直下の地盤に隣接して置換体を形成することで、躯体の支持力を向上させて、ひいては、躯体の圧入が安定する。
The sinking step is a step of press-fitting (sinking) the housing 1.
In the sinking step, the ground immediately below the chassis 1 is excavated in the work chamber 15 and the chassis 1 is set.
Since the replacement body 2 that is harder than the surrounding ground is formed along the outer periphery of the housing 1, the housing 1 is prevented from being oversettled and unevenly subsidized. As a result, the press-fitting of the housing 1 is stabilized.
According to the frame setting method of the present embodiment, by forming the replacement body adjacent to the ground directly below the frame, the support force of the frame is improved, and consequently the press-fitting of the frame is stabilized.

以上、本発明に係る実施形態について説明した。しかし、本発明は、前述の実施形態に限られず、各構成要素については、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で、適宜変更が可能である。   The embodiment according to the present invention has been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and each component can be appropriately changed without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

硬質土層を含む地盤に本発明の躯体沈設工法を採用する場合には、硬質土層(原地盤)よりも強度が低い置換体を形成する。一方、軟弱地盤に本発明に躯体沈設工法を採用する場合には、軟弱地盤(原地盤)以上の強度の置換体を形成すればよい。
前記実施形態では、躯体が円筒状の場合について説明したが、躯体の平面形状は限定されるものではなく、例えば矩形状、他の多角形状、楕円状等であってもよい。
In the case where the frame laying method of the present invention is adopted for the ground including the hard soil layer, a replacement body having a lower strength than the hard soil layer (original ground) is formed. On the other hand, in the case of adopting the frame laying method in the present invention for soft ground, it is only necessary to form a replacement body having a strength higher than that of the soft ground (original ground).
In the embodiment, the case where the casing is cylindrical has been described, but the planar shape of the casing is not limited, and may be, for example, a rectangular shape, another polygonal shape, an elliptical shape, or the like.

1 躯体
11 セグメント
12 セグメントリング
13 刃口
2 第一置換体(置換体)
3 第二置換体(第二の置換体)
4 圧入装置
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Housing 11 Segment 12 Segment ring 13 Cutting edge 2 1st substitution body (substitution body)
3 Second substitute (second substitute)
4 Press-fitting device

Claims (3)

複数本の置換体を形成する工程と、
筒状の躯体を沈設する工程と、を備える躯体沈設工法であって、
前記複数本の置換体を、前記躯体の断面形状に応じて筒状に配置するとともに、前記躯体の外面よりも内側に位置するように形成することを特徴とする、躯体沈設工法。
Forming a plurality of substitution bodies;
A step of sinking a cylindrical casing, and a method of sinking a casing,
The plurality of replacement bodies are arranged in a cylindrical shape according to the cross-sectional shape of the casing, and are formed so as to be positioned inside the outer surface of the casing.
前記置換体よりも前記躯体の中心側に、第二の置換体を形成する工程を備えていることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の躯体沈設工法。   The method according to claim 1, further comprising a step of forming a second replacement body closer to the center of the housing than the replacement body. 地盤を柱状に削孔するとともに掘削孔の内部に砂を充填することにより前記置換体を形成することを特徴とする、請求項1または請求項2に記載の躯体沈設工法。   3. The frame laying method according to claim 1, wherein the replacement body is formed by drilling the ground into a columnar shape and filling sand into the excavation hole.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109914454A (en) * 2019-03-23 2019-06-21 南京市市政设计研究院有限责任公司 A kind of method of tubular pole and the construction of open caisson zoarium

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109914454A (en) * 2019-03-23 2019-06-21 南京市市政设计研究院有限责任公司 A kind of method of tubular pole and the construction of open caisson zoarium
CN109914454B (en) * 2019-03-23 2020-09-22 南京市市政设计研究院有限责任公司 Method for constructing tubular pile and open caisson in combined manner

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