JP2017223015A - Method for reinforcing retaining wall structure before repairing it - Google Patents
Method for reinforcing retaining wall structure before repairing it Download PDFInfo
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- JP2017223015A JP2017223015A JP2016118145A JP2016118145A JP2017223015A JP 2017223015 A JP2017223015 A JP 2017223015A JP 2016118145 A JP2016118145 A JP 2016118145A JP 2016118145 A JP2016118145 A JP 2016118145A JP 2017223015 A JP2017223015 A JP 2017223015A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 154
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 34
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
- Retaining Walls (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、道路工事、河川工事、護岸工事、土地造成工事等における擁壁構造に係り、更に詳細には、擁壁構造を構築した後に擁壁の変形等の欠陥が生じた場合に、欠陥の生じた擁壁構造部分を補修する際に、補修する擁壁構造を部分的に補強する方法に係る。
The present invention relates to a retaining wall structure in road construction, river construction, revetment construction, land reclamation construction, etc., and more specifically, when a defect such as deformation of the retaining wall occurs after the construction of the retaining wall structure. The present invention relates to a method for partially reinforcing the retaining wall structure to be repaired when repairing the retaining wall structure portion in which the problem occurs.
道路工事、河川工事、護岸工事、土地造成工事等における擁壁構造を構築する工法としては、様々な工法が採用されている。 パネル状の壁面材やブロック状の壁面材、あるいはパネル状の壁面材の裏面に補強リブを設けたものを段積みした擁壁構造の他、補強土工法により構築された擁壁構造（例えば、特許文献１参照）などがある。 Various construction methods have been adopted for constructing the retaining wall structure in road construction, river construction, revetment construction, land preparation construction, etc. In addition to the retaining wall structure in which panel-shaped wall materials, block-shaped wall materials, or panel-shaped wall materials provided with reinforcing ribs on the back are stacked, retaining wall structures constructed by a reinforced earth method (for example, Patent Document 1).
補強土工法は、法面に当接した擁壁壁面材に部分的に埋め込まれた接続金具と帯状の補強材を結合し、この帯状の補強材を擁壁の裏面側に設ける盛土層又は裏込め材層に挟み込み、この盛土層又は裏込め材層を転圧することによって、盛土又は裏込め材層と補強材の間に摩擦力を発生させ、この摩擦力により擁壁壁面材を盛土側又は裏込め材側に引っ張って擁壁構造を安定化させるものである。 In the reinforced earth method, a connecting metal part partially embedded in a retaining wall wall material in contact with the slope and a band-shaped reinforcing material are combined, and this band-shaped reinforcing material is provided on the back side of the retaining wall. By sandwiching between the embedding material layer and rolling the embankment layer or the back embedding material layer, a frictional force is generated between the embankment or the embedding material layer and the reinforcing material, and this retaining force causes the retaining wall surface material to move to the embankment side or Pulling toward the backfill material side stabilizes the retaining wall structure.
補強土工法は、上述したような工法を採用しているため、垂直又は垂直に近い擁壁構造を構築することができるため、用地の有効利用を図ることができると共に、用地に余裕のない河川脇の道路新設や拡幅にも最適な工法として広く採用されてきている。 Since the reinforced earth method employs the method described above, a vertical or nearly vertical retaining wall structure can be constructed, so that the site can be used effectively and a river with no margin in the site. It has been widely adopted as an optimal method for the construction and widening of side roads.
このような補強土工法による擁壁構造や、その他の一般的な工法（パネル状の壁面材やブロック状の壁面材、あるいはパネル状の壁面材の裏面に補強リブを設けたものを段積みするような工法）による擁壁構造では、大規模な地震や想定外の外力が作用したような場合には、擁壁構造の一部に亀裂や変形が生じ、補修することが必要になる場合がある。 Retaining wall structure by such a reinforced earth method and other general construction methods (panel-like wall material, block-like wall material, or panel-like wall material with reinforcing ribs on the back are stacked. In the case of a large-scale earthquake or unexpected external force, the retaining wall structure by such a construction method may crack or deform in a part of the retaining wall structure and may need to be repaired. is there.
しかしながら、補強土工法による擁壁構造や、その他の一般的な工法による擁壁構造では、擁壁構造の亀裂や変形などの欠陥が生じた部分のみの壁面材を除去しようとすると、除去した壁面材があった領域やその周辺の領域では盛土又は裏込め材が緩んだり、崩れたりする結果擁壁構造が部分的に、あるいは擁壁構造が全体的に不安定になってしまうため擁壁構造の亀裂や変形などの欠陥が生じた部分のみを補修することが難しかった。 However, in the retaining wall structure using the reinforced earth method or other retaining methods, if you try to remove the wall material only in the part where defects such as cracks or deformation of the retaining wall structure occur, Retaining wall structure because the embankment or backfill material loosens or collapses in the area where the material was present or in the surrounding area, resulting in partial or instability of the retaining wall structure. It was difficult to repair only the part where defects such as cracks and deformation occurred.
そのため、これまでは亀裂や変形などの欠陥が生じた部分が擁壁構造の一部であっても、擁壁構造全体を構築し直したり、あるいは、欠陥が生じた部分の擁壁および盛土又は裏込め材部分を含め、その上方の擁壁および盛土又は裏込め材部分を全て取り除いた後に、新たに擁壁構造を継ぎ足していく工法が採用されていた。
Therefore, until now, even if the part where the defect such as crack or deformation has occurred is a part of the retaining wall structure, the entire retaining wall structure can be reconstructed, or the retaining wall and embankment of the part where the defect has occurred or A method of adding a retaining wall structure after removing all retaining walls and embankments or backfilling material portions including the backfilling material portion has been adopted.
本発明は上述したような技術的背景を鑑みなされたものであり、補強土工法による擁壁構造や、その他の一般的な工法による擁壁構造において、大規模な地震に遭遇したり、想定外の大きな外力が作用したというような理由により、擁壁構造の一部に亀裂や変形が生じ、補修することが必要になった場合であって、補修が必要となった一部の擁壁部分のみを補修することにより擁壁構造全体を健全な状態に戻す補修工事に先立ち、補修する擁壁構造を部分的に補強する方法を提供するものである。
The present invention has been made in view of the technical background as described above. In the retaining wall structure by the reinforced earth construction method and the retaining wall structure by other general construction methods, a large-scale earthquake is encountered or unexpected. Some retaining wall parts that need to be repaired when a part of the retaining wall structure is cracked or deformed due to the fact that a large external force has been applied. It is intended to provide a method of partially reinforcing the retaining wall structure to be repaired prior to repair work for restoring the entire retaining wall structure to a healthy state by repairing only the retaining wall.
上記課題を解決するため、第１の観点に係る発明では、複数の壁面材を使用して構築された擁壁構造の補修工事における、擁壁構造の補修前の補強方法であって、補修箇所に配置された壁面材の１又は複数箇所に孔を開ける工程と、当該孔に杭を打ち込む工程と、から構成される擁壁構造の補修前の補強方法とした。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, in the invention according to the first aspect, in the repair work of the retaining wall structure constructed using a plurality of wall materials, a reinforcing method before repairing the retaining wall structure, It was set as the reinforcement method before repair of the retaining wall structure comprised from the process of drilling a hole in the one or several places of the wall surface material arrange | positioned in, and the process of driving a pile into the said hole.
また、第２の観点に係る発明では、第１の観点に係る発明の擁壁構造の補修前の補強方法において、擁壁構造は、
パネル状の複数の壁面材と、
壁面材の裏面側に設けられた１又は複数の接続金具と、
壁面材の裏面側に設けられた盛土層又は裏込め材層に挟み込まれ、接続金具と結合された補強材とからなる補強土工法により構築された擁壁構造であり、
壁面材の１又は複数箇所に開けた孔は、壁面材の接続金具が設けられた領域を除いた領域に開けられたものである構成の擁壁構造の補修前の補強方法とした。
Moreover, in the invention which concerns on a 2nd viewpoint, in the reinforcement method before repair of the retaining wall structure of the invention which concerns on a 1st viewpoint, the retaining wall structure is
A plurality of panel-like wall materials,
One or more connection fittings provided on the back side of the wall material;
It is a retaining wall structure that is sandwiched between the embankment layer or backfill material layer provided on the back side of the wall material, and is constructed by a reinforced earth method composed of a reinforcing material combined with a connection fitting,
The hole opened in one or a plurality of locations of the wall surface material was used as a reinforcing method before repairing the retaining wall structure having a configuration in which the hole was opened in a region excluding the region in which the connection member of the wall surface material was provided.
また、第３の観点に係る発明では、第１又は第２の観点に係る発明の擁壁構造の補修前の補強方法において、杭は、尖頭状の先端部を有する柱状体である構成の擁壁構造の補修前の補強方法とした。 Moreover, in the invention which concerns on a 3rd viewpoint, in the reinforcement method before repair of the retaining wall structure of the invention which concerns on the 1st or 2nd viewpoint, a pile is a column-shaped body which has a pointed tip part. Reinforcement method before repairing retaining wall structure.
更に第４の観点に係る発明では、第１乃至第３の観点に係る発明のいずれかの擁壁構造の補修前の補強方法において、杭は、金属材料、セラミック材料、石材、コンクリート又は鉄筋コンクリートから作られた構成の擁壁構造の補修前の補強方法とした。
Further, in the invention according to the fourth aspect, in the reinforcing method before repairing the retaining wall structure according to any one of the inventions according to the first to third aspects, the pile is made of metal material, ceramic material, stone material, concrete or reinforced concrete. Reinforcement method before repairing the retaining wall structure of the construction was made.
本発明に係る擁壁構造の補修前の補強方法によれば、部分的に補修が必要となった擁壁構造の補修箇所に配置された壁面材に開けられた孔に、杭を打ち込むことによって、壁面材の裏面側に配置された盛土又は裏込め材の中に杭が打ち込まれることになる。 盛土や裏込め材は粒状の材料であり、このような粒状の材料の中に杭が打ち込まれると、盛土や裏込め材と杭の表面との間にせん断応力が作用し、このせん断応力によって粒状の材料である盛土や裏込め材がせん断変形を起こし、見かけ上の体積が膨張するという現象が生じる（ダイレイタンシー効果と呼ばれている）。 According to the reinforcing method before repairing a retaining wall structure according to the present invention, by driving a pile into a hole opened in a wall surface material arranged at a repaired portion of the retaining wall structure that requires partial repair. A pile will be driven into the embankment or backfill material arranged on the back side of the wall material. The embankment or backfill material is a granular material, and when a pile is driven into such a granular material, a shear stress acts between the embankment or backfill material and the surface of the pile, and this shear stress The embankment and backfill material, which are granular materials, undergo shear deformation and the apparent volume expands (this is called the dilatancy effect).
特に、盛土や裏込め材は、擁壁を構築する際に十分に転圧されており、密づめの状態になっているため、盛土や裏込め材の体積膨張効果は大きい。 そのため、壁面材の裏面側にあって杭を打ち込まれた近傍にある盛土又は裏込め材の体積膨張効果によって、杭を打ち込まれた周辺の盛土や裏込め材が堅固になる結果、補修箇所に配置された壁面材の周辺の盛土や裏込め材のみならず、擁壁構造そのものが堅固になるという効果を生じる。 In particular, the embankment and the backfill material are sufficiently compacted when the retaining wall is constructed and are in a dense state, so that the volume expansion effect of the embankment and the backfill material is great. Therefore, as a result of the volume expansion effect of the embankment or backfilling material on the back side of the wall material and the pile being driven in, the surrounding embankment and backfilling material that has been driven into the pile are solid, resulting in a repair location. This brings about an effect that the retaining wall structure itself becomes solid as well as the embankment and backfilling material around the arranged wall material.
その結果、擁壁構造の一部を補修する際に、部分的に壁面材を除去しても盛土や裏込め材が緩んだり、崩れたりすることがなくなり、擁壁構造の亀裂や変形などの欠陥が生じた部分のみを補修することが容易に実施できるようになった。
As a result, when repairing a part of the retaining wall structure, even if the wall material is partially removed, the embankment and backfilling material will not loosen or collapse, and cracking or deformation of the retaining wall structure will not occur. It has become possible to easily repair only the part where the defect has occurred.
以下、図面を用いて本発明の実施形態について説明する。 図１は、一般的な工法により構築された擁壁構造１の補修前の補強方法について説明した正面図であり、図２は図１の断面Ａ−Ａを示した図である。 一般的な工法により構築された擁壁構造１とは、パネル状の壁面材１０やブロック状の壁面材１０、あるいはパネル状の壁面材１０の裏面に補強リブを設けたものを段積みするような工法によって構築された擁壁構造１である。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view illustrating a reinforcing method before repairing a retaining wall structure 1 constructed by a general construction method, and FIG. 2 is a view showing a cross section AA of FIG. The retaining wall structure 1 constructed by a general construction method is such that a panel-shaped wall material 10, a block-shaped wall material 10, or a panel-shaped wall material 10 provided with reinforcing ribs on the back surface is stacked. It is a retaining wall structure 1 constructed by a simple construction method.
図１の正面図においてハッチングを施した領域は、補修を必要とする壁面材１０を示したものであり、図１では１の壁面材１０が補修対象として描かれているが、これに限定されるものではない。 補修を必要とする壁面材１０の数が複数の場合であっても、ここで説明する工法を取り入れることが可能である。 The hatched area in the front view of FIG. 1 shows the wall surface material 10 that requires repair. In FIG. 1, the wall surface material 10 of 1 is drawn as a repair target, but the area is limited to this. It is not something. Even when the number of wall materials 10 requiring repair is plural, it is possible to adopt the construction method described here.
一般的な工法により構築された擁壁構造１では、壁面材１０としてコンクリートブロック又は鉄筋入りコンクリートブロック製の壁面材１０が使用されている。補修を必要とする壁面材１０が擁壁構造１の一部である場合、補修箇所の近傍の擁壁構造部分を補強した上で、補修が必要な壁面材１０を除去することが必要になる。 In the retaining wall structure 1 constructed by a general construction method, a wall surface material 10 made of a concrete block or a concrete block containing reinforcing bars is used as the wall surface material 10. When the wall surface material 10 requiring repair is a part of the retaining wall structure 1, it is necessary to reinforce the retaining wall structure portion in the vicinity of the repair location and then remove the wall material 10 that needs repair. .
擁壁構造１を補強する際、まず補修が必要な壁面材１０（図１の正面図では、ハッチングを施して示す）に杭８０を打ち込むための孔１０−１を開ける。 補修が必要な壁面材１０に孔１０−１を開ける方法としては、例えば、コアドリルやコアカッターと呼ばれる穿孔機を使用して孔開けを行うことができる。 補修が必要な壁面材１０に開ける孔径は、後で打込む杭８０の外径よりわずかに大きい径であれば良い。 When reinforcing the retaining wall structure 1, first, a hole 10-1 for driving the pile 80 is opened in the wall surface material 10 (indicated by hatching in the front view of FIG. 1) that needs repair. As a method of opening the hole 10-1 in the wall surface material 10 that requires repair, for example, a hole drilling machine called a core drill or a core cutter can be used. The hole diameter opened in the wall surface material 10 which needs repairing should just be a diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the pile 80 driven later.
補修が必要な壁面材１０に孔開けを行う際、壁面材１０を貫通する孔１０−１が開けば良く、壁面材１０の裏面側に配置された盛土や裏込め材層４０にまで穴を開ける必要はない。 盛土や裏込め材層４０の奥深くまで穴を開けてしまうと、杭を打ち込んだ際の擁壁の補強効果が弱くなり好ましくないからである。 When making a hole in the wall material 10 that needs repair, it is only necessary to open a hole 10-1 that penetrates the wall material 10. There is no need to open it. This is because if the hole is made deep in the embankment or the backfill material layer 40, the reinforcing effect of the retaining wall when the pile is driven is weakened, which is not preferable.
補修が必要な壁面材１０に孔開けを行ったあと、この孔１０−１に杭８０を打ち込む。 孔１０−１に杭８０を打ち込むことには、単に杭８０を打ち込むことの他、杭８０を圧入すること、杭８０を回転圧入すること，および杭８０を回転により埋め込むことが含まれる。 例えば、補修が必要な壁面材１０の孔１０−１に杭８０を打ち込むために、油圧杭打機などの杭打機を使用することができる。 After making a hole in the wall material 10 that requires repair, a pile 80 is driven into the hole 10-1. Driving the pile 80 into the hole 10-1 includes simply pressing the pile 80, press-fitting the pile 80, rotationally pressing the pile 80, and embedding the pile 80 by rotation. For example, a pile driver such as a hydraulic pile driver can be used to drive the pile 80 into the hole 10-1 of the wall surface material 10 that needs repair.
杭８０は、鉄鋼などの金属材料、セラミック材料、石材、コンクリート又は鉄筋コンクリートから製造されたものを使用することができる。 鉄鋼などの腐食性の材料から構成された杭８０の場合、防錆処理を施すことが望ましい。 杭８０の外径および長さは、使用される擁壁構造に応じて適宜設定することが望ましいが、少なくとも杭８０が壁面材１０の裏面側に配置された盛土や裏込め材層４０の中に十分深く挿入される長さが必要である。 The pile 80 can be made of a metal material such as steel, a ceramic material, a stone material, concrete, or reinforced concrete. In the case of the pile 80 made of a corrosive material such as steel, it is desirable to perform rust prevention treatment. The outer diameter and length of the pile 80 are preferably set as appropriate according to the retaining wall structure used, but at least in the embankment or backfill material layer 40 in which the pile 80 is disposed on the back side of the wall surface material 10. It needs to be long enough to be inserted deeply.
また、杭８０は円柱又は角柱の柱状体であり、杭８０の先端部は杭８０の打ち込みを容易にするために、尖頭状の先端部形状を有していることが望ましい。 また、杭８０の回転圧入や回転による埋め込みを容易にするために、杭８０の先端部をドリルの刃状に仕上げても良い。 Moreover, the pile 80 is a columnar body of a cylinder or a prism, and it is desirable that the tip portion of the pile 80 has a pointed tip shape in order to facilitate the driving of the pile 80. Moreover, in order to make embedding by rotation press-fit and rotation of the pile 80 easy, you may finish the front-end | tip part of the pile 80 in the shape of a drill.
杭８０が打込まれた盛土や裏込め材層４０は粒度に差はあるとしても、いずれも粒状の材料であり、擁壁構造１を構築する際に十分に転圧されており、密づめの状態になっている。 このような粒状の材料の中に杭８０が打込まれると、盛土や裏込め材層４０と杭８０の表面との間にせん断応力が作用し、このせん断応力によって粒状の材料である盛土や裏込め材層４０がせん断変形を起こし、見かけ上の体積が膨張するという現象が生じる（ダイレイタンシー効果）。 Even if there is a difference in particle size, the embankment and backfill material layer 40 into which the pile 80 is driven are granular materials and are sufficiently rolled when the retaining wall structure 1 is constructed. It is in a state. When the pile 80 is driven into such a granular material, a shear stress acts between the embankment and the backfilling material layer 40 and the surface of the pile 80, and the embankment which is a granular material by this shear stress. A phenomenon occurs in which the backfill material layer 40 undergoes shear deformation and the apparent volume expands (dilatancy effect).
杭８０を打ち込まれた近傍にある盛土又は裏込め材層４０の体積膨張効果によって、杭８０を打ち込まれた周辺の盛土や裏込め材層４０が堅固になる結果、補修箇所に配置された壁面材１０の周辺の盛土や裏込め材層４０のみならず、擁壁構造１そのものが堅固になる。 As a result of the volume expansion effect of the embankment or backfilling material layer 40 in the vicinity where the pile 80 is driven in, the surrounding embankment and the backfilling material layer 40 into which the pile 80 is driven become solid, and the wall surface arranged at the repair location Not only the embankment around the material 10 and the backfill material layer 40, but also the retaining wall structure 1 itself becomes solid.
このようにして補修が必要な壁面材１０の周辺の盛土や裏込め材層４０および当該領域の擁壁構造部分は十分に補強され、部分的に壁面材１０を除去しても盛土や裏込め材層４０が緩んだり、崩れたりすることがない。 In this way, the embankment and backfilling material layer 40 around the wall surface material 10 that needs repair and the retaining wall structure portion in the region are sufficiently reinforced, and even if the wall material 10 is partially removed, the embankment and backfilling are performed. The material layer 40 does not loosen or collapse.
補修が必要な壁面材１０の周辺の補強が行われた後は、補修箇所に配置された壁面材１０を切断しつつ、又は破砕しつつ除去した後、補修用壁面材７０を補修箇所に設置する。 壁面材１０を除去する方法としては、コンクリート・ブレーカーを使用して壁面材１０のコンクリートを破砕しつつ、小片となった壁面材１０を少しずつ除去していく方法や、コンクリート・カッターを使用して壁面材１０のコンクリートを小片に切り分け、この小片を取り除いていく方法がある。 After reinforcing the periphery of the wall material 10 that requires repair, the wall material 10 arranged at the repair location is removed while being cut or crushed, and then the repair wall material 70 is installed at the repair location. To do. As a method for removing the wall material 10, a concrete breaker is used to crush the concrete of the wall material 10 and a small piece of the wall material 10 is removed little by little, or a concrete cutter is used. There is a method of cutting the concrete of the wall material 10 into small pieces and removing the small pieces.
図１に示す擁壁構造１の補修方法においては、補修が必要な壁面材１０に１箇所の孔１０−１を開け、この孔１０−１に杭８０を打ち込むものとして説明してきたが、このような方法に限定されるものではない。 補修が必要な壁面材１０に複数箇所の孔１０−１を開け、この複数箇所の孔１０−１のそれぞれに杭８０を打ち込むようにしても良い。 あるいは、補修が必要な壁面材１０のみならず、補修が必要な壁面材１０の近傍に配置された壁面材１０にも１又は複数の孔１０−１を設け、この孔１０−１の各々に杭８０を打ち込むようにしても良い。 In the repairing method of the retaining wall structure 1 shown in FIG. 1, it has been described that one hole 10-1 is made in the wall surface material 10 that needs to be repaired and a pile 80 is driven into this hole 10-1. It is not limited to such a method. A plurality of holes 10-1 may be formed in the wall surface material 10 requiring repair, and the piles 80 may be driven into the holes 10-1 at the plurality of positions. Alternatively, one or a plurality of holes 10-1 are provided not only on the wall surface material 10 that needs repair but also on the wall surface material 10 arranged in the vicinity of the wall material 10 that needs repair, and each of the holes 10-1 is provided. The pile 80 may be driven.
以上、一般的な工法により構築された擁壁構造１の補修前の補強方法について説明してきたが、補強土工法により構築された擁壁構造２の場合であっても同様な補修前の補強方法を採用することができる。 As mentioned above, although the reinforcement method before repair of the retaining wall structure 1 constructed | assembled by the general construction method was demonstrated, even if it is the case of the retaining wall structure 2 constructed | assembled by the reinforced earth construction method, the same reinforcement method before repair is carried out Can be adopted.
補強土工法により構築された擁壁構造２では、例えば、コンクリート製あるいは鉄筋コンクリート製のパネルから構成され、十字状の形状を有する壁面材１５を、図３に示すように縦方向、および横方向に噛合わせつつ積み上げていくことによって壁面を構成するようになっている。 In the retaining wall structure 2 constructed by the reinforced earth method, for example, a wall material 15 made of a concrete or reinforced concrete panel and having a cross shape is arranged in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction as shown in FIG. Wall surfaces are configured by stacking while meshing.
また、壁面材１５の裏面側（盛土又は裏込め材側）には、壁面材１５の中に部分的に埋め込まれたＬ字状の鉄鋼板から成る接続金具２０が複数箇所（図３では４箇所）に設けられている。 更に、壁面材１５の裏面側には盛土又は裏込め材層４０が配置され、盛土層又は裏込め材層４０の中には、鉄鋼板からなり、帯状の形状を有する補強材３０が擁壁面から離れる方向に伸びている。 In addition, on the back surface side (filling or backfilling material side) of the wall surface material 15, a plurality of connection fittings 20 made of L-shaped steel plates partially embedded in the wall surface material 15 (4 in FIG. 3). ). Further, a banking or backfilling material layer 40 is disposed on the back surface side of the wall material 15, and the reinforcing material 30 made of a steel plate and having a strip shape is included in the banking or backfilling material layer 40. It extends in the direction away from.
この補強材３０の一端側を接続金具２０に結合すると共に、補強材３０を盛土又は裏込め材層４０の中に長く伸ばして配置した後、盛土又は裏込め材層４０と補強材３０を一緒に転圧することによって、帯状の補強材３０を盛土又は裏込め材層４０に挟み込み、盛土又は裏込め材と補強材３０の間に摩擦力を発生させ、この摩擦力により壁面材１５を盛土又は裏込め材層４０側に引っ張って擁壁構造２を強化させるようになっている。 One end side of the reinforcing material 30 is coupled to the connection fitting 20 and the reinforcing material 30 is extended and disposed in the embankment or backfilling material layer 40, and then the embankment or backfilling material layer 40 and the reinforcing material 30 are combined. The belt-shaped reinforcing material 30 is sandwiched between the embankment or the backfilling material layer 40 by rolling to generate a frictional force between the embankment or the backfilling material and the reinforcing material 30, and the wall material 15 is embanked or filled by this frictional force. The retaining wall structure 2 is strengthened by pulling toward the backfill material layer 40 side.
このような補強土工法により構築された擁壁構造２の補修前の補強方法は、一般的な工法により構築された擁壁構造１の補修前の補強方法と同様である。 擁壁構造２を補強する際、まず補修が必要な壁面材１５（図３の正面図では、ハッチングを施して示す）に杭８０を打ち込むための孔１５−１を開ける。 補修が必要な壁面材１５に孔１５−１を開ける方法は、一般的な工法により構築された擁壁構造１の場合と同様である。 The reinforcing method before repairing the retaining wall structure 2 constructed by such a reinforced earth method is the same as the reinforcing method before repairing the retaining wall structure 1 constructed by a general construction method. When reinforcing the retaining wall structure 2, first, a hole 15-1 for driving the pile 80 into the wall surface material 15 (represented by hatching in the front view of FIG. 3) that needs repair is opened. The method of opening the hole 15-1 in the wall surface material 15 that requires repair is the same as that of the retaining wall structure 1 constructed by a general construction method.
ただし、補強土工法により構築された擁壁構造２の場合、孔１５−１を開ける位置は、補修が必要な壁面材１５の裏面側に接続金具２０が設けられており、この接続金具２０の配置された位置の盛土又は裏込め材層４０の中には補強材３０が設置されているため、接続金具２０が設けられている領域を避けて孔１５−１を開ける必要がある。 However, in the case of the retaining wall structure 2 constructed by the reinforced earth method, the connection hole 20 is provided on the back surface side of the wall surface material 15 that needs to be repaired. Since the reinforcing material 30 is installed in the embankment or backfill material layer 40 at the arranged position, it is necessary to open the hole 15-1 avoiding the region where the connection fitting 20 is provided.
補修が必要な壁面材１５に孔開けを行ったあと、この孔１５−１に杭８０を打ち込む。 補修が必要な壁面材１５の孔１５−１に打ち込む杭８０、および杭８０を打ち込む方法は、一般的な工法により構築された擁壁構造１の場合と同様である。 After making a hole in the wall material 15 requiring repair, a pile 80 is driven into the hole 15-1. The pile 80 to be driven into the hole 15-1 of the wall surface material 15 requiring repair and the method of driving the pile 80 are the same as in the case of the retaining wall structure 1 constructed by a general construction method.
補強土工法により構築された擁壁構造２の補修前の補強方法においても、一般的な工法により構築された擁壁構造１の補修前の補強方法と同様な効果が得られる。 Also in the reinforcement method before repair of the retaining wall structure 2 constructed | assembled by the reinforced earth method, the effect similar to the reinforcement method before repair of the retaining wall structure 1 constructed | assembled by the general construction method is acquired.
また、図４に示す擁壁構造２の補修方法においても、補修が必要な壁面材１５に１箇所の孔１５−１を開け、この孔１５−１に杭８０を打ち込むものとして説明してきたが、このような方法に限定されるものではない。 補修が必要な壁面材１５に複数箇所の孔１５−１を開け、この複数箇所の孔１５−１のそれぞれに杭８０を打ち込むようにしても良い。 あるいは、補修が必要な壁面材１５のみならず、補修が必要な壁面材１５の近傍に配置された壁面材１５にも１又は複数の孔１５−１を設け、この孔１５−１の各々に杭８０を打ち込むようにしても良い。 In the repairing method of the retaining wall structure 2 shown in FIG. 4, it has been described that one hole 15-1 is made in the wall surface material 15 that needs to be repaired and the pile 80 is driven into this hole 15-1. However, it is not limited to such a method. A plurality of holes 15-1 may be formed in the wall surface material 15 requiring repair, and the piles 80 may be driven into the holes 15-1 at the plurality of positions. Alternatively, one or a plurality of holes 15-1 are provided not only on the wall surface material 15 that needs repair but also on the wall surface material 15 arranged in the vicinity of the wall surface material 15 that needs repair, and each of the holes 15-1 is provided. The pile 80 may be driven.
補修が必要な壁面材１５の周辺の補強が行われた後は、補修箇所に配置された壁面材１５を切断しつつ、又は破砕しつつ除去した後、補修用壁面材７５を補修箇所に設置することになる。 補強土工法により構築された擁壁構造２の場合、一般的な工法により構築された擁壁構造１の場合に比べ擁壁の構造が異なるため、擁壁の補修方法は異なる。 After reinforcement around the wall material 15 requiring repair, the wall material 15 arranged at the repair location is removed while being cut or crushed, and then the repair wall material 75 is installed at the repair location. Will do. In the case of the retaining wall structure 2 constructed by the reinforced earth method, since the structure of the retaining wall is different from that of the retaining wall structure 1 constructed by a general construction method, the retaining wall repair method is different.
補修が必要な壁面材１５の周辺の補強が行われた後の、擁壁構造２の補修方法の１例は以下の通りである。
まず、補修箇所に配置された壁面材１５を切断しつつ、又は破砕しつつ除去する。 このとき、同時に、接続金具２０と補強材３０の結合を解除すると共に接続金具２０を除去する。 次に、既存の補強材３０の端部と新たに設置する連結金具５０（図示せず）を結合する。
An example of a method for repairing the retaining wall structure 2 after the reinforcement of the periphery of the wall surface material 15 that needs to be repaired is as follows.
First, the wall surface material 15 arranged at the repair location is removed while being cut or crushed. At the same time, the connection between the connection fitting 20 and the reinforcing member 30 is released and the connection fitting 20 is removed. Next, the end of the existing reinforcing member 30 and the newly installed connecting metal fitting 50 (not shown) are joined.
更に、連結金具が通過可能な連結孔７５−１を備えた補修用壁面材７５（図示せず）を補修箇所に設置すると共に、連結金具５０を連結孔７５−１に通し、連結金具５０を補修用壁面材７５に固定する。 以上のような工程によって補強土工法により構築された擁壁構造２を補修することができる。 Furthermore, while installing the repair wall material 75 (not shown) provided with the connection hole 75-1 which can pass a connection metal fitting in a repair location, let the connection metal fitting 50 pass through the connection hole 75-1, and the connection metal fitting 50 is used. Fix to the wall surface 75 for repair. The retaining wall structure 2 constructed by the reinforced earth method can be repaired by the above process.
なお、ここでは、補修が必要な壁面材１５の周辺の補強を行った後に、擁壁構造２の補修作業をおこなうものとして説明してきたが、上述したダイレイタンシー効果による補強効果をより効果的に維持するために、補修が必要な壁面材１５の周辺の補強を行う前に、擁壁構造２の補修のための準備作業を予め行なっておくことも可能であり、以下、このような方法について説明する。 Here, although it has been described that the work of repairing the retaining wall structure 2 is performed after reinforcing the periphery of the wall material 15 that requires repair, the above-described reinforcement effect by the dilatancy effect is more effective. Therefore, it is possible to carry out preparatory work for repairing the retaining wall structure 2 in advance before reinforcing the periphery of the wall surface material 15 that needs repair. Will be described.
まず、補修が必要な壁面材１５の接続金具２０が設けられた領域に削孔し、この削孔を通して筒状体８１（図示せず）を盛土又は裏込め材層４０の中へ打ち込むか、圧入するか、回転圧入するか，あるいは回転により埋め込む。 このとき、接続金具２０および補強材３０の先端部分（接続金具２０との結合部分）は、筒状体８１の内側に包含されるようになっている。 また、筒状体８１は、後で筒状体８１の内側で接続金具２０と補強材３０の結合を解除できる程度の空間を確保できるような内側寸法を備えている必要がある。 First, a hole is drilled in the region of the wall member 15 that requires repair, and the cylindrical body 81 (not shown) is driven into the embankment or backfilling material layer 40 through the drilling hole, Press-fit, rotational press-fit, or embedded by rotation. At this time, the front end portion of the connection fitting 20 and the reinforcing member 30 (the connection portion with the connection fitting 20) is included inside the cylindrical body 81. In addition, the cylindrical body 81 needs to have an inner dimension that can secure a space enough to release the connection between the connection fitting 20 and the reinforcing member 30 inside the cylindrical body 81 later.
筒状体８１は、金属またはセラミックなどの十分な剛性を有した材料で作られたものであることが望ましく、また必要に応じて耐食性を備えた材料で作ることができる。 筒状体８１先端部分は、筒状体８１の打ち込み等を容易にするために，先細りとしたり，先端の肉厚を薄くしたり，先端部外側にドリルの溝を施すようにしても良い。 The cylindrical body 81 is preferably made of a material having sufficient rigidity such as metal or ceramic, and can be made of a material having corrosion resistance if necessary. The distal end portion of the cylindrical body 81 may be tapered, the thickness of the distal end may be reduced, or a groove of a drill may be provided on the outer side of the distal end portion in order to facilitate driving of the cylindrical body 81 or the like.
筒状体８１の断面形状は特に限定されず、円形の他、多角形、楕円形等の断面形状であっても良い。 なお、この筒状体８１は、擁壁構造２の補修段階の途中において除去しても良いし、擁壁構造２の補修後においても盛土又は裏込め材層４０の中に残存するようにしても良い。 The cross-sectional shape of the cylindrical body 81 is not particularly limited, and may be a cross-sectional shape such as a polygon or an ellipse in addition to a circle. The cylindrical body 81 may be removed during the repairing stage of the retaining wall structure 2 or may remain in the embankment or backfill material layer 40 even after the retaining wall structure 2 is repaired. Also good.
また、補修が必要な壁面材１５が作業途中において脱落等することのないようにするために、補修が必要な壁面材１５の近傍（特に上方に配置された壁面材１５）に配置された複数の壁面材１５に１又は複数の形鋼等を固定することにより、複数の壁面材１５を連結強化したり、補修が必要な壁面材１５の近傍に配置された複数の壁面材１５の間にくさびを打ち込むことによって補修が必要な壁面材１５の近傍の擁壁構造２を堅固にするようにしても良い。 Further, in order to prevent the wall surface material 15 requiring repair from dropping off during the work, a plurality of the wall material 15 disposed in the vicinity of the wall material 15 requiring repair (particularly, the wall material 15 disposed above). By fixing one or a plurality of shape steels or the like to the wall surface material 15, the plurality of wall surface materials 15 are connected and strengthened, or between the plurality of wall surface materials 15 arranged in the vicinity of the wall surface material 15 requiring repair. The retaining wall structure 2 in the vicinity of the wall surface material 15 that needs to be repaired may be solidified by driving a wedge.
以上、説明したように、接続金具２０および補強材３０の先端部分を包含するようにして筒状体８１を設置した後に、上述したような擁壁構造２の補修前の補強作業と、その後の擁壁構造２の補修作業を実施することができる。
As described above, after installing the cylindrical body 81 so as to include the front end portions of the connection fitting 20 and the reinforcing member 30, the reinforcement work before the repair of the retaining wall structure 2 as described above, Repair work of the retaining wall structure 2 can be performed.
１ 擁壁構造（一般的な工法により構築された擁壁構造）
２ 擁壁構造（補強土工法により構築された擁壁構造）
１０ 壁面材（一般的な工法により構築された擁壁構造用）
１０−１ 孔
１５ 壁面材（補強土工法により構築された擁壁構造用）
１５−１ 孔
２０ 接続金具
３０ 補強材
４０ 盛土又は裏込め材層
５０ 連結金具
７０ 補修用壁面材（一般的な工法により構築された擁壁構造用）
７５ 補修用壁面材（補強土工法により構築された擁壁構造用）
７５−１ 連結孔
８０ 杭
８１ 筒状体
1 Retaining wall structure (Retaining wall structure constructed by general construction method)
2 Retaining wall structure (Retaining wall structure constructed by reinforced earth method)
10 Wall materials (for retaining walls constructed by general construction methods)
10-1 Hole 15 Wall material (for retaining wall structure constructed by reinforced earth method)
15-1 Hole 20 Connection fitting 30 Reinforcement material 40 Filling or backfilling material layer 50 Connection fitting 70 Wall material for repair (for retaining wall structure constructed by general construction method)
75 Wall material for repair (for retaining wall constructed by reinforced earth method)
75-1 Connection hole 80 Pile 81 Tubular body
上記課題を解決するため、第１の観点に係る発明では、複数の壁面材を使用して構築された擁壁構造の補修工事における、擁壁構造の補修前の補強方法であって、擁壁構造は、パネル状の複数の壁面材と、壁面材の裏面側に設けられた１又は複数の接続金具と、壁面材の裏面側に設けられた盛土層又は裏込め材層に挟み込まれ、接続金具と結合された補強材とからなる補強土工法により構築された擁壁構造であり、補修箇所に配置された壁面材の１又は複数箇所に孔を開ける工程と、孔に杭を打ち込む工程と、からなり、壁面材の１又は複数箇所に開けた孔は、壁面材の接続金具が設けられた領域を除いた領域に開けられたものである、構成の擁壁構造の補修前の補強方法とした。
To solve the above problems, the invention according to the first aspect, the repair work of the retaining wall structure constructed using a plurality of wall members, a method of reinforcing previous repair retaining wall structure, retaining wall The structure is sandwiched between a plurality of panel-shaped wall materials, one or more connection fittings provided on the back surface side of the wall materials, and a banking layer or backfill material layer provided on the back surface side of the wall material. A retaining wall structure constructed by a reinforcing earth method composed of a reinforcing material combined with a metal fitting, a step of drilling a hole in one or a plurality of wall materials arranged at a repair location, and a step of driving a pile into the hole , Tona is, drilled holes in one or more places of the wall material, in which fitting wall member is opened to the region except the region provided, reinforcing the pre-repair of retaining wall structure configuration It was a method.
また、第２の観点に係る発明では、第１の観点に係る発明の擁壁構造の補修前の補強方法において、杭は、尖頭状の先端部を有する柱状体である構成の擁壁構造の補修前の補強方法とした。
Moreover, in the invention which concerns on a 2nd viewpoint, in the reinforcement method before repair of the retaining wall structure of the invention which concerns on a 1st viewpoint, a pile is a retaining wall structure of a structure which is a columnar body which has a pointed tip part. Reinforcement method before repair.
更に第３の観点に係る発明では、第１又は第２の観点に係る発明の擁壁構造の補修前の補強方法において、杭は、金属材料、セラミック材料、石材、コンクリート又は鉄筋コンクリートから作られた構成の擁壁構造の補修前の補強方法とした。
Furthermore the invention according to the third aspect, in the method of reinforcing previous repair of inventions retaining wall structure according to the first or second aspect, piles made metallic materials, ceramic materials, stone, from concrete or reinforced concrete Reinforcement method before repairing the retaining wall structure with the above configuration.
Claims (4)
補修箇所に配置された壁面材の１又は複数箇所に孔を開ける工程と、
当該孔に杭を打ち込む工程と、
からなることを特徴とする擁壁構造の補修前の補強方法。
In the repair work of the retaining wall structure constructed using a plurality of wall materials, a reinforcing method before repairing the retaining wall structure,
A step of making a hole in one or a plurality of locations of the wall material arranged at the repair location;
A process of driving a pile into the hole;
A reinforcing method before repairing a retaining wall structure characterized by comprising:
壁面材の裏面側に設けられた１又は複数の接続金具と、
壁面材の裏面側に設けられた盛土層又は裏込め材層に挟み込まれ、接続金具と結合された補強材とからなる補強土工法により構築された擁壁構造であり、
壁面材の１又は複数箇所に開けた孔は、壁面材の接続金具が設けられた領域を除いた領域に開けられたものである、
ことを特徴とする擁壁構造の補修前の補強方法。
The reinforcing method before repairing the retaining wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the retaining wall structure includes a plurality of panel-shaped wall materials,
One or more connection fittings provided on the back side of the wall material;
It is a retaining wall structure that is sandwiched between the embankment layer or backfill material layer provided on the back side of the wall material, and is constructed by a reinforced earth method composed of a reinforcing material combined with a connection fitting,
The hole opened in one or a plurality of locations of the wall material is opened in a region excluding the region in which the connection member of the wall material is provided.
Reinforcing method before repairing the retaining wall structure.
前記杭は、尖頭状の先端部を有する柱状体であることを特徴とする擁壁構造の補修前の補強方法。
In the reinforcing method before repairing the retaining wall structure according to claim 1 or 2,
The pile is a columnar body having a pointed tip, and the reinforcing method before repairing the retaining wall structure.
前記杭は、金属材料、セラミック材料、石材、コンクリート又は鉄筋コンクリートから作られたことを特徴とする擁壁構造の補修前の補強方法。
In the reinforcement method before repair of the retaining wall structure in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3,
The said pile is made from metal material, ceramic material, stone material, concrete, or reinforced concrete, The reinforcement method before repair of the retaining wall structure characterized by the above-mentioned.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS57165522A (en) * | 1981-04-01 | 1982-10-12 | Sekisui Prefab Homes Ltd | Reinforcing work for retaining wall |
| JPH06136771A (en) * | 1992-10-28 | 1994-05-17 | Randesu Kk | Wall retaining panel installation method |
| JP2005009209A (en) * | 2003-06-20 | 2005-01-13 | Railway Technical Res Inst | Reinforcing method of masonry wall |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS57165522A (en) * | 1981-04-01 | 1982-10-12 | Sekisui Prefab Homes Ltd | Reinforcing work for retaining wall |
| JPH06136771A (en) * | 1992-10-28 | 1994-05-17 | Randesu Kk | Wall retaining panel installation method |
| JP2005009209A (en) * | 2003-06-20 | 2005-01-13 | Railway Technical Res Inst | Reinforcing method of masonry wall |
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