JP2017219285A - Combustion method using biomass fuel and water-oil and power generating method using combustion furnace therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power generating method using a combustion mechanism for biomass fuel and water-oil by adding water fine particles to oil fine particles to improve combustion efficiency.SOLUTION: There are provided an oil nozzle 2A for mixing air and oil together to atomize oil particles into a combustion furnace; and an igniter 18 for igniting the atomized oil particles. Also, there are provided a biomass fuel accumulation tank 4 for accumulating biomass fuel and drying or carbonizing the same and a hot water tank 51 for use in warming water for a steam turbine near a combustion furnace. Upon reaching of a temperature in the combustion furnace to 600°C or more, the dried or carbonized biomass fuel is fed into the combustion furnace by a biomass fuel feeding device 45 while keeping an inside part of the furnace at 600°C to 1005°C by adding water particles from a water nozzle 2B to ignite the oil, water in the warm water tank for the steam turbine is supplied to a piping 52 acting as a steam converter in the combustion furnace to be vaporized into steam, and the steam is supplied to a steam turbine 6 to operate a power generator 64.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a combustion method using biomass fuel and water oil that adds water fine particles to oil fine particles to improve combustion efficiency, and a power generation method using the combustion furnace.

Conventionally, with respect to the burning of such waste oil and heavy oil, air pollutants (NO _X: Nitrogen oxides, SO _2: sulfur oxides, CO: carbon monoxide, CO _2: carbon dioxide) from that occur, It has become a major environmental and social problem. In order to alleviate these problems and reduce costs, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, water and oil are used as raw materials, and these raw water and raw oil are mixed at a predetermined ratio. Fuels and water-oil combustion methods for burning them have been proposed.
However, depending on the oil, if the amount of oil exceeds 80% of the amount of water, the amount of nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides increases, which again causes the generation of air pollutants. In order to reduce the generation of substances and reduce the cost, if the amount of oil is reduced to 40% to 30% or less, the flame state becomes unstable. For stabilization of the flame state, the amount of oil It is required that the mixing ratio of oil and water is 7: 3 to 4: 6.

In addition, the generation of these pollutants is suppressed to some extent if it is a water-added fuel, but in order to use a water-oil mixed fuel, not only the water / oil mixture ratio of the mixed fuel but also the mixed fuel Many factors such as the subdivided state of the contained oil, the temperature of the mixed fuel, the diffusion after the injection of the mixed fuel, etc. must be kept in good condition.
In order to maintain this mixed state of water and oil, an example of emulsifying and using a mixed fuel of water and oil by adding an emulsifier such as a surfactant is common as disclosed in Patent Document 2. However, in order to obtain a mixed fuel by adding this emulsifier, it is necessary to stir and mix while supplying a constant amount of the emulsifier, which requires equipment for its production, and the equipment cost and raw material cost of the emulsifier are fuel. There was a problem that the fuel cost was increased correspondingly to the unit price.
Further, the emulsifier has a problem that the mixing state of water and oil fine particles changes with time and the combustion efficiency is lowered due to separation of water and oil fine particles.

On the other hand, in order to handle biomass such as livestock manure as fuel, livestock manure contains a large amount of water, so the water content is high and it does not burn even if it is ignited as it is. Has been reported.
For example, a method has been proposed (Patent Document 3) in which an auxiliary material is introduced into livestock manure and dehydrated to solidify it into fuel or fertilizer (Patent Document 3). There is a problem that the moisture content of the product becomes high and it takes a long time to solidify, and a means for drying after granulation (Patent Document 4) has been proposed, but there is troublesome process control, The method of mechanically stirring livestock manure and evaporating moisture with frictional heat (Patent Document 5) operates a large capacity stirring motor at a high speed of several hundred to several hundreds of rpm, ensuring safety. There was a problem with energy consumption. Furthermore, a means for mixing livestock manure and wood-based carbide or semi-carbide at a predetermined weight ratio and drying and combusting the mixture is proposed (Patent Document 6), and heat generated in the combustion process is used for drying the mixture. However, since a combustion furnace is used, there is a problem that a large amount of fossil fuel is necessary.
Furthermore, by mixing and drying wood-based material (sawdust) and livestock manure, the water from the livestock manure was dried to about 25%, and proposed as an alternative fuel for oil (Patent Document 7). In the technology, even if the moisture content is about 25%, stable self-combustibility is not yet obtained, and there is a problem that combustion cannot be continued unless fossil fuel is used with an auxiliary burner of the boiler.

Recently, it has been reviewed that the price of oil is particularly high for biomass fuel, and there is a need to develop a steam boiler generator dedicated to biomass. For example, as a steam boiler generator, a large power company is installed. Large thermal power generators operated were mainstream. Recently, a generator that mainly collects raw garbage and pellets and burns it has been developed and operated, and at the same time, a facility is being built that also uses a boiler and hot water hot water.
However, the above-mentioned garbage boilers, hot water hot water supply and generators are basically required to increase power generation efficiency, and further to reduce the cost of equipment. (2) Due to the increase in size, it is difficult to select the installation location. (3) There is a need to collect garbage from a wide area. Recently, it has been regarded as a problem from the regional municipalities that the distance from the consumption area to the power plant, and there is also a reduction in the amount of garbage due to the separation of garbage in the district. There is a problem that the amount that can be brought in is greatly reduced, and there is a demand for the development of a power generator that is small and easy to install.

JP 2006-57921 A JP 2011-21803 A JP 2006-273993 A Japanese Patent No. 3981021 JP 2005-246359 A JP 2007-40684 A Japanese Patent No. 4149487

  In the combustion method using biomass fuel and water oil, and the power generation method using the combustion furnace, the present invention improves the combustion efficiency and saves energy, and becomes a raw material when using the water-oil mixed fuel. Water and oil do not need to be turbid and emulsified in advance, and by using biomass fuel such as livestock manure, agricultural waste can be used effectively, there is no complicated processing of raw materials, supply operations are simple, and costs are reduced Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a compact and efficient combustion method that generates less air pollutants and a power generation method using the same.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention of claim 1 includes: (a) a step of mixing air and oil in a combustion furnace and spraying oil particles from the oil nozzle into the combustion furnace; and (b) spraying. Igniting the oil particles with an ignition device; and (c) after the temperature in the combustion furnace rises to 600 ° C. or higher, air and water are mixed and water particles are sprayed from the water nozzle into the combustion furnace. It is characterized by sequentially performing a step of burning together with oil particles sprayed from an oil nozzle and raising the temperature to 900 ° C. or higher, and a step (d) burning biomass fuel while maintaining the inside of the combustion furnace at 900 ° C. or higher. It is a combustion method using biomass fuel, water and oil.

  The invention of claim 2 includes: (a) mixing air and oil in the combustion furnace and spraying oil particles from the oil nozzle into the combustion furnace; and (b) igniting the sprayed oil particles by an ignition device. And (c) oil particles sprayed from the oil nozzle by mixing air and water and spraying water particles from the water nozzle into the combustion furnace after the temperature in the combustion furnace rises to 600 ° C. or higher. And (d) a step of burning biomass fuel while maintaining the inside of the combustion furnace at 900 ° C. or higher, and (e) accumulating biomass fuel in the vicinity of the combustion furnace. A biomass fuel storage tank to dry or carbonize and a warm water tank to warm water for steam turbines are provided. After the temperature in the combustion furnace rises to 600 ° C or higher, water particles are added from the water nozzle and burned for combustion. Maintain inside the furnace from 600 ° C to 1005 ° C And (f) providing the biomass fuel storage tank with the dried or carbonized biomass fuel into a combustion furnace, and providing a biomass fuel input device, and (g) water in the hot water tank for the steam turbine. Supplying a steam which is a steam converter in the combustion furnace and discharging it into steam by heating in the pipe, and (h) supplying the steam to the steam turbine and operating it to operate the generator The power generation method using a biomass fuel and water oil combustion furnace characterized by sequentially executing the steps.

A third aspect of the present invention is the power generation method using the biomass fuel and water oil combustion furnace according to the second aspect, wherein the pipe as the heat exchanger has a larger inner diameter of the pipe near the water tank and gradually increases the inner diameter. The steam turbine is rotated by spraying steam from a spray nozzle onto a blade of the steam turbine.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the power generation method using the biomass fuel and water oil combustion furnace according to the second aspect, the diameter of the water particles is 5 μm or less (fine particles). According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the power generation method using the biomass fuel and water oil combustion furnace according to the second aspect, the diameter of the oil particles is 5 μm or less (fine particles). The invention according to claim 6 is the power generation method using the biomass fuel and water oil combustion furnace according to claim 2, wherein a steam tank is provided on the discharge side of the steam turbine, and the steam and hot water are separated by the steam tank. Then, the water vapor is supplied to an appropriate place of a pipe which is the water vapor converter, and the hot water is supplied to the hot water tank.

The invention of the combustion method using biomass fuel and water oil according to claim 1 improves the combustion efficiency and saves energy, and it is not necessary to turbidize and emulsify the raw material water and oil in advance. By using biomass fuel, agricultural waste can be used effectively, there is no complicated processing of raw materials, supply operation is simple, cost is reduced, and air pollutants are generated less than anything else. Become.
The power generation method using a combustion furnace using biomass fuel and water oil according to claims 2 to 5 is a space-saving and efficient power generation method because the present apparatus can be downsized in addition to the effect of claim 1.

The apparatus schematic of the principal part of the power generator using the biomass fuel of this invention, the combustion furnace of water and oil, A block diagram of a system of a power generation device using a biomass fuel, water and oil combustion furnace in the present invention, FIG. 1 is an enlarged sectional view of the fuel injection nozzle of FIG. 3 is a front view of FIG. It is the figure of the graph which measured the temperature in a combustion furnace with time when the kerosene only and water were added to kerosene.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a main part of a power generation apparatus using a biomass fuel and water oil combustion furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the entire embodiment.
In FIG. 1, the entire combustion furnace 1 for water, oil, and biomass is made of a heat insulating frame 11. A part 121 of the bottom 12 of the heat insulating frame 11 is released and a fan 13 is provided. A portion 141 of 14 is not a heat insulating member but a material having good thermal conductivity, and a biomass fuel accumulation tank 4 and a hot water tank 5 heated by combustion furnace heat of the combustion furnace 1 are provided.
The overall size of the combustion furnace 1 is 5 m in length, 2 m in width, and 3 m in height, and is small as a steam generating combustion furnace of a power generator that outputs an average of 600 W at a maximum of 1 KW.
An oil nozzle 2A, which is a fuel nozzle 2 that mixes and sprays air and oil, and a water nozzle 2B that mixes air and water are provided on the front surface portion 15 inside the combustion furnace 1, and the oil nozzle 2A and water In the nozzle 2B, an oil tank 2A1 for storing kerosene as the raw material oil O and a water tank 2B1 for storing tap water (fresh water) W as the raw water pass from the tanks 2A1 and 2B1 via the pipes 2A2 and 2B1. Then, the raw material oil A and the raw material water B are supplied. Note that tap water (fresh water) W does not pass normal water through a filter, denatures water with a catalyst, refines general water particles, and separates H ₂ O molecules into H and O. If activated water with weak binding is used, the thermal efficiency is further improved.

Details of the oil nozzle 2A and the water nozzle 2B will be described later with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the oil nozzle 2A and the water nozzle 2B include an oil tank 2A1 and a water tank. Each fuel of 2B1 is supplied together with air (air) A of a predetermined pressure from the pipes 2A2 and 2B2 through the compressor 3 and valves 31A and 31B.
In the present embodiment, air is supplied from the compressor 3 to the oil nozzle 2A and the water nozzle 2B at a pressure of 0.3 Mpa to 0.5 Mpa. In this embodiment, the compressor 3 is used, but a gear pump may be used.

Next, the configuration in the combustion furnace 1 will be described. An ignition device 15 that operates according to a command from the outside is provided in the vicinity of the oil nozzle 2A, and a temperature sensor 14 is provided in an appropriate position in the combustion furnace 1, An exhaust duct 161 is provided at the rear end 16 on the opposite side of the oil nozzle 2A and the water nozzle 2B in the combustion furnace 1, and the exhaust EA in the combustion furnace 1 exhausts outdoors.
The exhaust EA from the exhaust duct 161 is normally exhausted outdoors, but the exhaust of the combustion furnace 1 of the present invention may have extremely little CO gas, NO gas, and NOx gas harmful to the human body, as will be described later. Since the exhaust gas used as a power generator is provided with a CO ₂ or CO sensor 1611 in the exhaust duct 161, the exhaust gas is harmless to the human body by the CO ₂ or CO sensor 1611 which is a detection device for detecting the exhaust component. In such a case, the damper 1612 provided in the exhaust duct 161 may be switched to supply air SA into a room (not shown) such as a greenhouse. Reference numeral 1613 denotes a monitoring window.

Here, the heating apparatus and the power generation apparatus using the biomass fuel and the water-oil combustion furnace 1 described above will be described. The biomass fuel accumulation disposed in the upper part 141 of the heat insulating frame 11 that improves the heat conduction is provided. The tank 4 temporarily accumulates biomass fuel B such as cow dung, pig dung, chicken dung, and wood chips from the outside, but for the cow dung, pig dung, chicken dung, etc. that generate odors, the upper part is an exhaust duct 42. A lid portion 41 is provided, a odor collecting valve (illustrated) is provided, and the odor collecting valve is sent to the exhaust duct 41. The exhaust duct 41 is a deodorizing device 43 using a titanium oxide ceramic film, a UV irradiation device or the like. The deodorized device 43 emits odorless exhaust to the outdoors.
The biomass fuel storage tank 4 is pressurized by the compressor 3 as shown in the system diagram of FIG. 2, and the biomass fuel B in the biomass fuel storage tank 4 is dried by the exhaust heat generated in the combustion furnace 1, or The bottom 44 of the biomass fuel storage tank 4 is provided with a pulverizing screw conveyor 45, and the dried or carbonized biomass fuel B is automatically charged into the combustion furnace 1 and combusted.
In addition, the operation of the pulverization screw conveyor 45 in the biomass fuel charging process is controlled by the combustion state in the combustion furnace 1.

Next, the hot water tank 51 and the steam converter 52 will be described. The hot water tank 51 is also arranged on the upper part 53 of the heat insulating frame 5 and the temperature of the water stored by the exhaust heat generated in the combustion furnace 1 is increased to about 100 ° C. The warm hot water to be raised is supplied to the water vapor converter 52 piped in the combustion furnace 1 by the pump 511 and the check valve 512.
The steam converter 52 converts water into high-temperature steam, the heat exchange pipe 521 that is the steam exchanger 52 of the steam turbine 6 has a large inner diameter of the pipe 5211 near the hot water tank 51, and the middle part is a high-temperature part. As the temperature approaches, the inner diameter is gradually reduced, and the high temperature portion in the combustion furnace 1 is led to the outside from the pipe 5213 having the smallest inner diameter, led to the blowing nozzle 61 of the steam turbine 6, and steam is blown from the blowing nozzle 61. The steam turbine 6 is rotated by spraying on the blades 62 of the steam turbine 6. The steam turbine 6 of the present embodiment used an axial flow type 800CC turbine. By doing so, the thinner the tip, the higher the temperature of the steam, the higher the pressure, and the higher the jet speed to the steam turbine 6.

The steam used for the operation of the steam turbine 6 is collected in the steam tank 63, separated into steam and warm water, and the steam is joined to the pipe 5214 in the state of steam in the combustion furnace 1, and the warm water is in the warm water tank 51. Return to. With such a configuration, the operation efficiency is further improved.
In this embodiment, the circulation rate of water vapor is about 55%, but 45% is discharged to the outside, and a part of this external discharge can be used for heating and the like.
The rotation of the steam turbine 6 operates a generator 64 with a belt or the like, and this generator 64 is a core type 50 kWh, which is converted into a general AC by using a transformer and a control panel.
When some non-combustible material remains in the dry powder state (5 μm) as a residue, or when biomass fuel B stops the apparatus during combustion, it remains as a residue on an ash treatment plate (not shown) in the combustion furnace Remove if necessary.

Next, the configuration of the oil nozzle 2A and the water nozzle 2B will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. The oil nozzle 2A and the water nozzle 2B, which are the fuel nozzles 2 of this embodiment, are either fuel oil or water. Only the difference is the same, and the others are almost the same structure, so the explanation will be made with the oil nozzle 2A (2).
The main body of the nozzle 2 (2A) is cylindrical, and a fuel supply portion 22 is provided on the circumference of the cylindrical frame portion 21. The fuel supply portion 22 is connected to a hollow portion 24 connected to the fuel nozzle tip pore 23. The water is sprayed from the nozzle injection port 25 at the tip of the nozzle 2. In order to spray the fuel, air pressurized at a pressure of 0.3 Mpa to 0.5 Mpa is sprayed together with the fuel. This air is supplied from the air supply portion 26 at the rear end of the fuel nozzle 2 and is introduced into the annular hollow portion 28 via the annular communication hole 271 of the intermediate member 27. It is supplied to the nozzle injection port 25 from the annular gap 281 on the outer periphery and sprayed together with fuel such as oil O or water W.

As shown in FIG. 4, the communication holes 271 arranged in an annular shape are not provided in the range (X) of about 45 degrees in the center in this embodiment, but this is because the air from the nozzle injection port 25 is not provided. The injection direction is decentered and rotated (tornado) or swirled, but if the injected air swirls to some extent, the shape of the nozzle blowing direction may be changed. What is necessary is just to make it inject | pour so that it may swirl with air so that it may be mixed in a furnace wide area.
In addition, the air pressure is set to 0.3 Mpa to 0.5 Mpa and the diameter of the nozzle injection port 25 is set to 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm so that the diameter of the oil and water particles is 5 μm (microns) (fine particles) or less. It is. Accordingly, each injected fuel is close to a gasified state.

[Activation]
Although the configuration of the present embodiment is as described above, the operation of the configuration of the combustion furnace 1 will be described.
First, fine particles of 5 μm or less of oil O are sprayed from the oil nozzle 2A. The finer particles improve combustion efficiency. Particularly, fine particles of 5 μm or less improve combustion efficiency. However, fine particles of oil O of 5 μm or less were sprayed.
The ignition device 15 is operated to start combustion. Next, when the temperature in the combustion furnace rises to 500 ° C. or higher, preferably about 600 ° C., fine particles of 5 μm or less of water W are sprayed from the water nozzle 2B. Of course, water may be added immediately after ignition, but normally, after 1 minute, the temperature in the combustion furnace rises to about 600 ° C., so at this point of time.
Thus, since each fuel is sprayed with fine particles of 5 μm or less and is in a gas state, the combustion efficiency of oil is high and the temperature in the combustion furnace 1 rises immediately and water is added before the temperature is increased. The temperature rises to about 900 ° C. without lowering.
The flow rates of the oil O and the water W, which are fuels, are controlled by the compressor 3 and valves 31A and 31B that control the flow rate. The normal operation in this embodiment is oil 4L / h and water 4L / h, but water W can be supplied up to 12L / h. Therefore, it is necessary to limit the temperature to a range where the temperature is not lowered and to a range where CO is not generated. It should be noted that the temperature in the fuel combustion furnace rises to about 1005 ° C. even if water is added up to about 3 times.
And compared with the general banner type boiler which does not spray fine particles, 400 Kcal-6000 Kcal / L is obtained by the high ratio of water and oil.

The graph of FIG. 5 shows the temperature in the combustion furnace 1 when the fuel is only kerosene and when water and biomass fuel are added to the kerosene over time in the combustion furnace of this embodiment, and at the same time, the hot water tank 51 Table 1 shows temperature values in the combustion furnace 1 and the hot water tank 51 at that time. In addition, although the thing which dried and solidified cow dung at normal temperature was used as a biomass fuel in the present Example, the conventional woody material (scrap waste), livestock dung, and these may be mixed and dried.

FIG. 5 and Table 1 will be explained. First, when only kerosene O is fed from the oil nozzle 2A, the amount of kerosene is sprayed from the start of loading (0 seconds) to 20 seconds as shown by a thin dotted line. Gradually increase to 4L (amount) / h (time), and then spray continuously. The combustion furnace temperature in this case rises from 0 ° C. (or room temperature) to 700 ° C. in about 80 seconds and reaches about 980 ° C. in about 120 seconds, as shown in Table 1 in FIG. It changes around 980 ° C.
As described above, the temperature in the combustion furnace 1 is changed to about 1000 ° C., which is approximately the same as that in the case where the fuel is only kerosene, in the case of kerosene and water, and in the case where water and biomass fuel are added to kerosene. It can be seen that the amount of use is halved.

Next, the case where water W and biomass B are added to kerosene O as fuel will be described. The amount of kerosene is sprayed from the start of charging from the oil nozzle 2A (0 seconds) to 30 seconds as shown by the dotted line. Gradually increase the amount to about 4 L / h, and then spray a certain amount until after 180 seconds of a certain amount of time. Then, by adding fuel of water W and biomass B, the spray amount of kerosene is about 1.6 L / h Reduce gradually to h.
Water W as fuel is indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 5, and the combustion furnace temperature is 90 seconds of the kerosene O supply after the time when the temperature in the combustion furnace reaches 600 ° C. or more (after 60 seconds). Spraying is started from the water nozzle 2B at the time, and is increased to about 4 L / h by 150 seconds after the oil is added, and then sprayed constantly until 180 seconds after the start of combustion to stabilize the combustion. After the lapse of 270 seconds from 180 seconds after the addition of kerosene, the pressure is increased to 9 L / h, and after 3000 seconds, the pressure is maintained from 8.5 to 8 L / h.
The combustion furnace temperature during this period, as shown in the thick solid line in FIG. 5 and Table 1, gradually rises to 600 ° C. from the start of oil addition (0 seconds) to 60 seconds, and 20 seconds (oil It rises 968 ° C (Table 1) suddenly (after 80 seconds from the introduction), and then changes around 1000 ° C.
On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the biomass fuel B used was solidified by drying cow dung at room temperature. Basically, it replaces the kerosene O, and after the combustion after the kerosene O is charged becomes stable. After 180 seconds, the biomass fuel B is carbonized by the dry carbonization apparatus 4 is charged. This carbonized biomass fuel B starts from around 180 seconds after start of combustion, these biomass fuel B to 300 seconds supplies about 8 cm ^3/10 min, then supplies about 27cm ^3/10 minutes .
As described above, the biomass fuel B is basically a substitute for the kerosene O, so the kerosene O can be reduced, but if it is reduced too much, the combustion becomes unstable, so it depends on the type of the biomass fuel B. However, about half of the amount of kerosene O used is desirable.
Moreover, although the warm water temperature of the warm water tank 51 is shown by a thin dotted line, it changes at about 100 ° C. after 360 seconds. However, since the circulating water decreases due to evaporation or the like, normal tap water or the like is replenished. However, only at this time, the water is temporarily lowered, but the replenishment water is small so that it immediately recovers around 100 ° C.

  From FIG. 5 and Table 1, it can be seen that the combustion furnace temperature is about 980 ° C. when the temperature of the combustion furnace is only oil, whereas when kerosene O is added with water W, the combustion furnace temperature is 1000 ° C. In addition to the change before and after, after 120 seconds from the start of combustion, the spray amount of kerosene O gradually decreases from 4 L / h to about 2.5 L / h. That is, in order to obtain the same combustion furnace temperature, it is possible to reduce the consumption of kerosene by adding water, and furthermore, since the biomass fuel B can be used as a substitute for kerosene, As a result, it can be seen that the amount of kerosene used can be greatly reduced, thermal efficiency is improved, and energy saving is achieved.

When the operation process is summarized as above, the present embodiment is as follows.
(1) mixing air and oil and spraying oil particles from the oil nozzle into the combustion furnace;
(2) igniting the sprayed oil particles with an ignition device;
(3) raising the temperature in the combustion furnace to 600 ° C. or higher after ignition;
(4) mixing air and water, spraying water particles from the water nozzle into the combustion furnace and combusting with oil particles;
(5) maintaining the inside of the combustion furnace at 900 ° C. or higher;
(6) a step of supplying biomass fuel;
(7) supplying hot water from the hot water tank to the steam converter; (8) operating the steam turbine with steam from the steam converter;
A power generation method or a power generation system that sequentially performs the steps consisting of:
A kerosene combustion furnace (comparative example 1) when kerosene and water of the oil-water combustion furnace 1 of this embodiment are burned (Example), a kerosene-only combustion (Comparative Example 1), and a kerosene combustion furnace (comparison) The exhaust composition in the case of Example 2) is compared. In addition, although the composition of biomass fuel varies greatly depending on the raw material of biomass, in this example, a certain amount of dried and solidified cow dung was used.

It can be seen from the exhaust gas component comparison table in Table 2 that at the time when the inside of the combustion furnace is in a steady state in Examples and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, for example, 40 minutes after ignition, The temperature in the combustion furnace is 1001 ° C., 982 ° C. in Comparative Example 1 and 778 ° C. in Comparative Example 2. O ₂ is 14%, 14.8%, and 14.1%, but CO ₂ is not much different. 2.1%, 3.5%, and 4.2% are low, and harmful CO is extremely low at 1%, 9%, and 32.1%. Similarly, NO is 2%, 8%, 44%, NOx 2%, 7% and 43% are very few.
Therefore, since CO ₂ , particularly CO, NO, and NO x are extremely small compared to the conventional combustion furnace, as described above, CO ₂ and CO sensor 1211 are provided in the exhaust duct 121 as a power generation method. If the exhaust gas is harmless to the human body by the CO ₂ or CO sensor 1211 that detects the exhaust component, the damper 1212 provided in the exhaust duct 121 can be switched to supply air SA to the room 7. It is.

In this way, when water is introduced from about 600 ° C., a swirling flow is generated at the fuel nozzle 2 and sprayed in the form of fine particles, so that a negative pressure is generated in the vicinity thereof, and the exhaust duct 121 is moved as a whole. It moves while burning, and as disclosed in the experimental results in [Table 2], CO ₂ , CO, and the like that are normally generated are also burned at the same time, and it is considered that toxic gas is extremely reduced.
In addition, since the pseudo-gasification sprayed as fine particles, the high temperature in the combustion furnace and the pressure in the combustion furnace are about 23 Mpa, the combustion efficiency of the water W at the combustion furnace temperature of 600 ° C. or higher and the pressure of 23 Mpa or higher is achieved. Since it improves, it is thought that the supercritical state of water has generate | occur | produced.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the water-oil combustion furnace uses water, oil, and biomass fuel as raw materials, and in the water-oil combustion furnace that burns the water-oil mixed fuel, the air directly enters the combustion furnace. And oil fine particles and air water fine particles are sprayed to improve combustion efficiency. In addition, since biomass fuel is used instead of kerosene O, operation control is easy and energy saving is achieved. It is not necessary to turbidize water and oil in advance to make an emulsifier, and the structural supply operation is simplified.
In addition, the power generation method using the oil-water combustion furnace of the embodiment also improves combustion efficiency, simplifies operation control and saves energy, and it is not necessary to turbidize water and oil as raw materials in advance to use as an emulsifier. , Structural feeding operation becomes simple.
In addition, although the present Example demonstrated by the electric power generation method (system), if the part regarding electric power generation is excluded, it will become a combustion method using biomass fuel and water oil. Further, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments as long as the features of the present invention are not impaired.

O ... Oil, W ... Water, A ... Air (Air), B ... Biomass Fuel OA ... Outside Air, RA ... Return Air, SA ... Air Supply, EA ... Exhaust,
1 .... Combustion furnace for biomass, water, oil, 11 .... Insulation frame,
12..Bottom part, 121..Part of the bottom part,
13 .. Fan 13, 14 .. Upper part, 141 .. Part of upper part,
15 .. Front part, 16 .. Rear end part,
161 .. exhaust duct, 1611 .. CO ₂ .CO sensor (detection device),
1612 ... Damper, 1613 ... Monitoring window,
17 .... Temperature sensor, 18 .... Ignition device, 19 .... Control panel 2 .... Fuel nozzle, 2A ... Oil nozzle, 2B ... Water nozzle,
21 .. Cylindrical frame part, 22 .. Fuel supply part,
23 .. Fuel nozzle tip pore, 24 .. Hollow part,
25..Nozzle injection port, 26..Air supply part, 27..Intermediate member,
271 .. Communication hole 28.. Annular hollow 281.. Annular gap 2 A 1. Oil tank 2 A 2. Pipe 2 B 1. Water tank 2 B 2 ... Pipe 3 ... Compressor 31 A, 31 B ... Valve 4 ..Biomass fuel storage tank, 41..lid part, 42..exhaust duct,
43 ... Deodorizing device, 44 ... Bottom, 45 ... Grinding screw conveyor,
51 .. Hot water tank, 511 ... Pump, 512 ... Check valve,
52 ... Steam converter, 521 ... Heat exchange piping,
5211, 5212, 5213, 5214 ... Pipe 6 ... Steam turbine 61 ... Blowing nozzle 62 ... Blade
63 ... Steam tank, 64 ... Generator,

Claims (6)

(A) mixing air and oil in the combustion furnace and spraying oil particles from the oil nozzle into the combustion furnace;
(B) igniting the oil particles to be sprayed by an ignition device;
(C) After the temperature in the combustion furnace rises to 600 ° C. or higher, air and water are mixed, water particles are sprayed from the water nozzle into the combustion furnace, and burned together with the oil particles sprayed from the oil nozzle. Raising the temperature above ℃,
(D) A combustion method using biomass fuel, water, and oil, sequentially performing a step of burning biomass fuel while maintaining the inside of the combustion furnace at 900 ° C. or higher. (A) mixing air and oil in the combustion furnace and spraying oil particles from the oil nozzle into the combustion furnace;
(B) igniting the oil particles to be sprayed by an ignition device;
(C) After the temperature in the combustion furnace rises to 600 ° C. or higher, air and water are mixed, water particles are sprayed from the water nozzle into the combustion furnace, and burned together with the oil particles sprayed from the oil nozzle. Raising the temperature above ℃,
(D) burning biomass fuel while maintaining the inside of the combustion furnace at 900 ° C. or higher;
(E) In the vicinity of the combustion furnace, a biomass fuel accumulation tank for accumulating and drying or carbonizing biomass fuel and a hot water tank for warming water for the steam turbine are provided, and the temperature in the combustion furnace rises to 600 ° C. or higher. Adding a water particle from a water nozzle and burning it to maintain the inside of the combustion furnace at 600 ° C. to 1005 ° C .;
(F) The biomass fuel storage tank is provided with a step of charging the dried or carbonized biomass fuel into a combustion furnace, and a biomass fuel charging device,
(G) the water in the hot water tank for the steam turbine is supplied to a pipe which is a steam converter in the combustion furnace, and is converted into steam by heating rather than being heated in the pipe;
(h) A power generation method using a biomass fuel and water oil combustion furnace that sequentially executes a step of supplying the steam to a steam turbine to operate the generator.   The pipe that is the heat exchanger is characterized in that the inner diameter of the pipe near the water tank is increased, the inner diameter is gradually reduced, and the steam turbine is rotated by spraying steam from the spray nozzle onto the blades of the steam turbine. A power generation method using the biomass fuel and water oil combustion furnace according to claim 2.   The power generation method using a biomass fuel and water oil combustion furnace according to claim 2, wherein the diameter of the water particles (fine particles) to be sprayed is 5 µm or less.   The power generation method using a biomass fuel and water oil combustion furnace according to claim 2, wherein the diameter of the sprayed oil particles (of (fine particles) thereof is 5 µm or less.   A steam tank is provided on the discharge side of the steam turbine, the steam and hot water are separated by the steam tank, the steam is supplied to an appropriate place of a pipe which is the steam converter, and the hot water is supplied to the hot water tank. The power generation method using the biomass fuel and water oil combustion furnace of Claim 2 characterized by the above-mentioned.

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