JP2017217122A - Ophthalmologic apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ophthalmologic apparatus capable of reducing a failure risk of a chin rest sensor.SOLUTION: An ophthalmologic apparatus for examining an eye to be examined includes: a chin rest that supports the chin of a subject and is driven in a vertical direction for adjusting an eye level of the subject; an operation part that sinks the chin rest downward when the chin is placed on the chin rest; and detection means for detecting the sinking of the chin rest by the operation part. The operation part may integrally sink the chin rest and the drive part for driving the chin rest in a vertical direction downward.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 11

Description

  The present disclosure relates to an ophthalmologic apparatus for inspecting an eye to be examined.

  In a conventional eye refractive power measurement device or the like, there is known a device in which a sensor is provided on a chin stand and detects whether or not the chin is placed on the chin stand (see Patent Document 1).

JP-A-10-216089

  However, in the conventional apparatus, there is a risk that the harness of the chin rest sensor is disconnected when the chin rest moves up and down to adjust the height of the eye to be examined.

  This indication makes it a technical subject to provide the ophthalmologic apparatus which can reduce the failure risk of a chin rest sensor in view of the conventional problem.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present disclosure is characterized by having the following configuration.

  (1) An ophthalmologic apparatus for inspecting an eye to be examined, which supports a subject's chin and is driven up and down to adjust the eye level of the subject, and the chin is placed on the chin stand. By this, it is provided with the action | operation part which sinks the said chin stand downward, and the detection means which detects the depression of the said chin stand by the said action part, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

It is the schematic which shows the external appearance of a present Example. It is a block diagram which shows the control system of a present Example. It is the schematic which shows the optical system of a present Example. It is a figure which shows the control action at the time of the measurement of a present Example. It is a figure which shows the control action at the time of chin rest adjustment of a present Example. It is a figure which shows an example of a face image. It is a figure explaining the three-dimensional coordinate of the eye to be examined. It is a figure which shows the example of a face image when a test subject's face inclines. It is a figure which shows the example of a chin rest button. It is a figure for demonstrating audio | voice announcement. It is a figure for demonstrating the structure of a chin rest. It is a figure for demonstrating operation | movement of a chin rest.

<First Embodiment>
Hereinafter, an embodiment of an ophthalmologic apparatus according to the present disclosure will be described. The ophthalmologic apparatus of the first embodiment inspects an eye to be examined, for example. The ophthalmologic apparatus may be, for example, an eye refractive power measuring device, a corneal curvature measuring device, a corneal shape measuring device, an intraocular pressure measuring device, an axial length measuring device, a fundus camera, OCT, SLO, an ultrasonic optometry device, or the like. .

The ophthalmologic apparatus includes, for example, an optometry unit, a face photographing unit, an adjustment unit, and a control unit. The optometry unit may include, for example, an inspection optical system, an ultrasonic measurement system, and the like. The face photographing unit photographs the face of the subject, for example. For example, the face photographing unit acquires a face image including at least one eye to be examined.
The adjustment unit adjusts the relative position between the eye to be examined and the optometry unit in at least one direction. Of course, you may adjust three-dimensionally. For example, the adjustment unit moves the optometry unit in the left / right (X) direction, the up / down (Y) direction, and the front / rear (Z) direction with respect to the eye to be examined. The adjustment unit includes, for example, a drive unit. Of course, the adjustment unit may move the eye to be examined with respect to the optometry unit. In this case, the adjustment unit may move the face support unit (for example, forehead support, chin rest, etc.). For example, when the face support unit includes a chin rest, the drive unit may drive the chin rest in the vertical direction.

  For example, the control unit controls the ophthalmologic apparatus. For example, the control unit controls driving of the driving unit of the adjusting unit. The control unit may function as an arithmetic control unit that controls arithmetic operations such as image processing.

  The control unit estimates the three-dimensional coordinates of the eye to be examined. For example, the control unit assumes at least one coordinate component of the three-dimensional coordinates of the eye to be examined. For example, the control unit reads a preset value from the storage unit or the like and sets it as the value of the coordinate component. The at least one coordinate component of the three-dimensional coordinates is, for example, at least one of the three elements of the three-dimensional coordinates. For example, any of x coordinate, y coordinate, and z coordinate may be used. For example, the control unit assumes that at least one coordinate component of the three-dimensional coordinates is a standard position.

  Then, the control unit acquires two-dimensional coordinates on the image of the eye to be examined from the face image. For example, the control unit may detect the eye to be examined from the face image and obtain the two-dimensional coordinates of the eye to be examined from the pixel position.

  The control unit calculates temporary three-dimensional coordinates of the eye to be examined based on the assumed one coordinate component and the two-dimensional coordinates on the image of the eye to be examined detected from the face image. And a control part controls a drive part based on the provisional three-dimensional coordinate of the eye to be examined.

  As described above, the ophthalmologic apparatus according to the present embodiment assumes at least one coordinate component of three-dimensional coordinates, and assumes the remaining coordinate components as two-dimensional coordinates obtained from the face image of the eye to be examined. By calculating based on the coordinate component, the three-dimensional coordinates of the eye to be examined are estimated. As a result, the ophthalmologic apparatus of the present embodiment can smoothly align based on the estimated three-dimensional coordinates even when the eye to be examined and the optometric part are separated.

  Note that the control unit 70 may estimate the three-dimensional coordinates of the eye to be examined by assuming a plurality of coordinate components of the three-dimensional coordinates as standard positions. For example, the control unit 70 assumes that the x-coordinate and the z-coordinate are standard positions among the three-dimensional coordinates, and the assumed x-coordinate and z-coordinate and the y-coordinate of the eye to be examined detected from the face image. From the above, the three-dimensional coordinates of the eye to be examined may be estimated.

  When assuming one coordinate component, the control unit may assume a standard z coordinate of the eye to be examined as one coordinate component of three-dimensional coordinates. For example, in a state where the face of the subject is supported by the face support unit, an average standard value of the z coordinate of the eye is assumed as the z coordinate. In general, the individual difference in the z-coordinate depending on whether the eyeball protrudes from the forehead is smaller than the individual difference in the interpupillary distance (x-coordinate) or the eye height (y-coordinate). Therefore, by assuming a z-coordinate with a small individual difference depending on the subject, a temporary three-dimensional coordinate with a small error can be estimated with respect to the true three-dimensional coordinate of the eye to be examined.

  Note that the control unit may change the condition of the coordinate component and calculate provisional three-dimensional coordinates a plurality of times. For example, the control unit may assume a coordinate component using not only the standard value but also a plurality of values before and after the standard value. In this case, the ophthalmologic apparatus can redo the alignment based on another temporary three-dimensional coordinate even when the alignment is not successful as a result of driving the adjustment unit based on the temporary three-dimensional coordinate.

  Further, the control unit may calculate provisional three-dimensional coordinates in each of the case where the x coordinate is assumed, the case where the y coordinate is assumed, and the case where the z coordinate is assumed. In this case, the control unit may control the driving unit based on one of the provisional three-dimensional coordinates calculated for each case, and perform alignment of the optometry unit. As described above, the ophthalmologic apparatus according to the present embodiment can obtain more likely three-dimensional coordinates of the eye to be examined by assuming the x coordinate, the y coordinate, and the z coordinate, respectively.

  Note that the control unit may determine whether or not the position of the eye to be examined is within the driving range of the optometry unit based on the provisional three-dimensional coordinates. When it is outside the driving range of the optometry unit, the control unit may drive the face support unit so that the eye to be examined falls within the driving range of the optometry unit. Thus, the examination can be performed even when the eye to be examined is located outside the driving range of the optometry unit.

  The ophthalmologic apparatus may further include an alignment detection unit. The alignment detection unit detects, for example, the alignment state between the eye to be examined and the optometry unit. For example, the alignment detection unit includes an anterior ocular segment imaging optical system and an index projection optical system. The anterior segment imaging optical system images the anterior segment of the eye to be examined. The index projection optical system projects an alignment index onto the eye to be examined. For example, the alignment detection unit detects an alignment index from the anterior segment image, and detects the alignment state from the position of the alignment index.

  When driving the drive unit based on the provisional three-dimensional coordinates, the control unit may detect the alignment state by the alignment detection unit in parallel. If the alignment state can be detected before the optometry unit is moved to the temporary three-dimensional coordinate position, the driving of the optometry unit is controlled based on the alignment state detected by the alignment detection unit. Also good. Thus, the rough alignment based on the temporary three-dimensional coordinates can be smoothly shifted to the fine alignment based on the detection result of the alignment detection unit.

  The control unit may determine whether or not the subject's face is tilted based on the temporary three-dimensional coordinates of both eyes. For example, the control unit may determine that the face of the subject is tilted when the three-dimensional coordinates of both eyes are larger than a predetermined value and there is a difference in the vertical direction. The control unit may perform error processing when it is determined that the subject's face is tilted. The error processing is, for example, processing such as notification for prompting confirmation of how to stop the measurement and put on the face. For example, the control unit may notify the examiner or the subject that the face is tilted by a notification unit such as a display unit, a speaker, or a light source. In this way, by correcting the inclination of the subject's face, it is possible to prevent deviations in measured values such as astigmatic axis angles, for example.

  In addition, the control part may drive a chin stand to the position calculated based on a temporary three-dimensional position, if the output from a chin stand drive button is received. The chin rest drive button may be provided, for example, in the apparatus main body, may be displayed on the display unit, or may be provided in an external device connected to the apparatus main body. For example, the control unit determines that the driving direction of the jaw table is downward when the provisional three-dimensional position of the eye to be examined is above the driving range of the optometry unit, and the provisional three-dimensional position is the optometry. If it is below the driving range of the part, it is determined that the driving direction of the chin rest is upward. Thus, since the control unit can determine the direction in which the chin rest is driven based on the provisional three-dimensional position of the eye to be examined, it is not always necessary for the subject to determine the driving direction of the chin rest. In addition, since not only the direction in which the chin is moved but also the driving amount is obtained based on the temporary three-dimensional position, the control unit can automatically move the chin to an appropriate position. In addition, since it can be moved both up and down with one drive button, it is not necessary to provide two buttons, a button for moving the jaw table upward and a button for driving downward, and the apparatus configuration can be simplified. When two buttons are provided, the control unit may invalidate input from a button in a direction different from the driving direction of the jaw table determined from the provisional three-dimensional position of the eye to be examined. Even when pressed, the chin rest may be driven in the driving direction calculated by the control unit.

  Even if it is determined that the chin rest needs to be moved, the control unit may wait without moving the chin rest until the output from the chin rest drive button is received from the chin rest drive button. Good. Then, the control unit 70 automatically drives the jaw table from the time when the output from the jaw table driving button is received from the jaw table driving button until the provisional three-dimensional position of the eye to be examined falls within the driving range of the eye examination unit. You may let them. This eliminates the worry of the chin rest moving unexpectedly.

  Note that the control unit may drive the chin rest only when the output from the chin rest button is continuously received. For example, the control unit may drive the chin only while the chin rest button is pressed, and stop driving the chin rest when the chin rest driving button is not pressed. Thus, the examiner can stop driving the chin rest by releasing the chin rest drive button when the subject's face is about to be caught between the chin rest and the forehead.

  The control unit may stop driving the chin rest when the face of the subject is supported by the face support unit. For example, the control unit may not drive the chin rest while the sensor detects that the subject's face is on the face support unit. For example, when the control unit detects that the subject's face is placed on the chin rest by means of a sensor provided on the chin rest, the control unit stops driving the chin rest and uses the sensor to stop the face of the subject. The chin rest may be driven when it is detected that has moved away from the chin rest. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the subject's face from being sandwiched between the gaps of the apparatus by driving the chin rest. In addition, when the driving amount of the chin rest is smaller than a predetermined value (for example, 5 mm), the chin rest may be driven regardless of the detection result of the sensor. Further, whether or not the subject's face is on the face support unit may be detected based on whether or not the subject's eyes are detected from the face image photographed by the face photographing unit.

  The face photographing unit may be a non-telecentric optical system or a telecentric optical system. When the face photographing unit is a telecentric optical system, the control unit may perform alignment based on the face image by offsetting the amount of deviation in the X and Y directions between the inspection optical axis of the optometry means and the photographing optical axis of the face photographing unit.

Second Embodiment
A second embodiment will be described. The ophthalmologic apparatus of the second embodiment can make an announcement to the subject or the examiner when examining the subject's eyes, for example. The ophthalmologic apparatus (for example, the ophthalmologic apparatus 1) mainly includes a human detector (for example, the face photographing unit 90, the sensor 113), a notification unit (for example, the speaker 79), and a control unit (for example, the control unit 70). Prepare.

  For example, the human detection unit detects the presence or absence of the subject. For example, the human detection unit detects whether or not the subject supports the face on the face support unit. The human detector may be a chin rest sensor provided on the chin rest, for example. For example, the chin rest sensor is a sensor that detects that the subject's chin is placed on the chin rest. The detection result of the human detection unit is input to the control unit.

  For example, the notification unit makes an announcement to the subject or the examiner. The notification unit may be an audio output unit (for example, a speaker 79). For example, the notification unit makes a voice announcement to the subject or the examiner. Examples of voice announcements include “please keep your chin”, “please blink”, “please open your eyes”. Of course, the notification unit may display a message on the display unit or may turn on the indicator lamp to notify the subject and the examiner.

  The control unit controls each unit of the ophthalmologic apparatus such as a notification unit. For example, the control unit determines the presence or absence of the subject based on the detection result of the human detector. The control unit controls the notification unit. At this time, the control unit may control the notification unit based on the determination result of the presence or absence of the subject.

  The apparatus of 2nd Embodiment can perform the appropriate announcement according to a test subject's state by controlling a alerting | reporting part based on the detection result from a human detector. Therefore, even when the examiner is at a remote position, the subject can easily perform the examination according to the announcement of the ophthalmologic apparatus.

  The ophthalmologic apparatus may further include, for example, a chin rest (chin rest 11) and a chin rest driving unit (for example, chin rest driving unit 12). The chin rest supports, for example, the subject's chin. The chin rest drive unit adjusts the height of the chin rest by moving the chin rest in the vertical direction. When the ophthalmologic apparatus includes a chin rest and a chin rest drive section, the control section may announce to the subject so as to separate the chin from the chin rest by the notification section. At this time, the control unit determines the presence / absence of the subject from the detection result from the human detector, and if it is determined that the subject is present, an announcement may be made to release the chin from the chin rest. Good. And a control part may drive a chin stand, when a subject is not detected by a human detector, when a subject leaves | separates from a chin stand.

  Note that the control unit may change the content of the announcement in accordance with a driving amount for driving the chin rest to an appropriate position. For example, when the driving amount of the chin rest is larger than a predetermined amount, the subject is announced to move the chin away from the chin rest, and when the driving amount is smaller than the predetermined amount, the chin is placed on the subject's chin rest. An announcement to drive the chin rest may be made. Thus, based on the magnitude of the drive amount, it may be determined whether or not to announce the subject to leave the chin. As a result, when only a slight adjustment of the chin is required, the examination can be performed without having the subject take off his / her jaw.

  Note that the human detector may be, for example, a face photographing unit and a control unit. For example, the face photographing unit photographs a face image including at least one of the left and right eye to be examined. For example, the control unit determines that the subject does not exist when the eye of the subject cannot be detected from the image photographed by the face photographing unit, and determines that the subject exists when the eye can be detected. Good.

  Note that the control unit may make an announcement to perform initialization after initializing the subject and before initializing at least one of the optometry unit and the chin rest. For example, the control unit may return the optometry unit and the chin rest to the initial position after making an announcement “initialize” after the examination of the subject is completed. As a result, the subject or the examiner can be prevented from coming into contact with the apparatus, and the initial operation is not surprised.

  Note that the control unit may make an announcement for prompting blinking. For example, the control unit may output a voice such as “please blink” by the notification unit. The ophthalmologic apparatus may further include a blink detection unit. For example, the blink detection unit may detect blink by image processing of an image captured by an anterior eye camera or the like. For example, the control unit may start the examination of the eye when the blink of the subject is detected by the blink detector.

<Third Embodiment>
A third embodiment according to the present disclosure will be described. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to the third embodiment mainly includes a chin rest (for example, chin rest 11), an operation section (for example, operation section 100), and a detection section (for example, chin rest detection section 109). The chin rest supports the subject's chin. Further, the chin rest is driven up and down to adjust the height (eye level) of the eye to be examined.

  The actuating unit sinks the jaw table downward when the jaw is placed on the jaw table. For example, the operating unit is provided separately from the chin rest driving unit (for example, the chin rest driving unit 12), and sinks the chin rest together with the chin rest driving unit. The detection unit detects the sinking of the jaw table by the operation unit. As the detection unit, various sensors such as a photo sensor, a pressure sensor, and a magnetic sensor, or a switch is used. It is only necessary to detect that the chin rest has been pushed by the subject's chin. For example, the pressure when the chin rest is pushed may be detected by a pressure sensor. The detection unit detects not the vertical movement of the jaw table when adjusting the jaw table, but the sinking of the entire jaw table vertical mechanism.

  As described above, it is possible to detect whether or not the subject's jaw has been placed on the jaw table by detecting the sinking of the jaw table. In addition, as described above, by providing the detection unit at a position that is not driven by the chin rest drive unit, the possibility that the harness of the sensor of the detection unit is disconnected by driving the chin rest can be reduced.

  Moreover, when a detection part is provided in a forehead, there is little space for attaching a sensor. Further, since the makeup of a woman is broken, there is a possibility that the forehead is not put on the forehead. Therefore, as a safety detection mechanism, it is better to provide a detection unit on the chin rest instead of the forehead.

  In addition, as described above, by providing a detection unit, it is expected that the risk of injury due to vertical movement of the chin rest during unattended optometry, use for a measurement trigger during unattended optometry, and the like are expected.

  In addition, an effect | action part can reduce the influence on the drive mechanism for adjusting the height of a chin rest by setting it as the structure which sinks a chin rest and a chin rest drive part integrally.

  The operating unit may include a biasing member (for example, a spring 110). For example, the urging member urges the jaw table to lift upward. The biasing member may be, for example, an elastic member. For example, the urging member lifts the chin with a force weaker than the force with which the subject places the chin on the chin. Thus, when the jaw is not placed on the jaw table, the jaw table is lifted upward by the biasing member, and when the jaw is placed on the jaw table, the force from the jaw moves downward. Is pushed into.

  Note that the operating unit may include a regulating unit (for example, the upper stopper 106 and the lower stopper 107) that regulates the amount of movement when the jaw table sinks. For example, the regulating unit regulates the sinking of the jaw table so that the jaw table sinks by the amount of movement that can be detected by the detection unit.

  Note that the ophthalmologic apparatus may include a support column that supports the chin rest so as to be movable in the vertical direction and a bearing unit that guides the vertical movement of the support column. The bearing unit may guide not only the vertical movement of the support column when the jaw table is driven by the jaw drive unit, but also the vertical movement of the support column when the jaw table is moved by the operating unit. . Accordingly, it is not necessary to provide a guide member in the vertical direction in the operating part, and the size of the operating part can be prevented from increasing.

<Example>
An ophthalmologic apparatus according to the present disclosure will be described based on the drawings. In the following description, an ocular refractive power measurement device will be described as an example of an ophthalmic device, but a corneal curvature measurement device, a corneal shape measurement device, an intraocular pressure measurement device, an axial length measurement device, a fundus camera, an OCT (optical coherence) tomography) and SLO (Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope).

  The ophthalmologic apparatus of the present embodiment objectively measures the eye refractive power of the eye to be examined, for example. For example, the ophthalmologic apparatus according to the present embodiment may perform measurement for each eye, or may be an apparatus that performs measurement for both eyes simultaneously (by binocular vision). The ophthalmologic apparatus mainly includes, for example, an optometry unit, an imaging unit, a drive unit, and a control unit.

<Appearance>
The external appearance of the ophthalmologic apparatus will be described based on FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, the ophthalmologic apparatus 1 of this embodiment mainly includes an optometry unit 2, a face photographing unit 90, and a drive unit 4. The optometry unit 2 examines the eye to be examined. The optometry unit 2 may include, for example, an optical system that measures the eye refractive power, corneal curvature, intraocular pressure, and the like of the eye to be examined. Further, the optometry unit 2 may include an optical system for photographing the anterior eye part, the fundus, and the like of the eye to be examined. In this embodiment, the optometry unit 2 that measures refractive power will be described as an example. For example, the face photographing unit 90 photographs the face of the eye to be examined. For example, the face photographing unit 90 photographs a face including at least one of the left and right eye to be examined. For example, the drive unit 4 moves the optometry unit 2 and the imaging unit 90 in the up / down / left / right front-rear direction (three-dimensional direction) with respect to the base 5.

  Furthermore, the ophthalmologic apparatus 1 of the present embodiment may include, for example, a housing 6, a display unit 7, an operation unit 8, a face support unit 9, and the like. For example, the housing 6 houses the optometry unit 2, the face photographing unit 90, the drive unit 4, and the like. The display unit 7 displays, for example, an observation image of the eye to be examined, a measurement result, and the like. For example, the display unit 7 may be provided integrally with the device 1 or may be provided separately from the device. The ophthalmologic apparatus 1 may include an operation unit 8. The operation unit 8 is used for various settings of the apparatus 1 and operations at the start of measurement. Various operation instructions by the examiner are input to the operation unit 8. For example, the operation unit 8 may be various human interfaces such as a touch panel, a joystick, a mouse, a keyboard, a trackball, and a button. The face support unit 9 may include, for example, a forehead pad 10 and a chin rest 11. The chin rest 11 may be moved in the vertical direction by driving the chin rest driving unit 12.

<Control system>
As shown in FIG. 2, the apparatus 1 includes a control unit 70. The control unit 70 manages various controls of the apparatus 1. The control unit 70 includes, for example, a general CPU (Central Processing Unit) 71, a ROM 72, a RAM 73, and the like. For example, the ROM 72 stores an ophthalmologic apparatus control program for controlling the ophthalmologic apparatus, initial values, and the like. For example, the RAM temporarily stores various information. The control unit 70 is connected to the optometry unit 2, the face photographing unit 90, the drive unit 4, the display unit 7, the operation unit 8, the chin rest drive unit 12, the storage unit (for example, a non-volatile memory) 74, and the like. The storage unit 74 is, for example, a non-transitory storage medium that can retain stored contents even when power supply is interrupted. For example, a hard disk drive, a removable USB flash memory, or the like can be used as the storage unit 74.

<Optometry section>
The optometry unit 2 performs measurement, examination, imaging, etc. of the eye to be examined. The optometry unit 2 may include, for example, a measurement optical system that measures the refractive power of the eye to be examined. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the optometry unit 2 includes a measurement optical system 20, a fixation target presentation optical system 40, an index projection optical system 50, and an observation optical system (imaging optical system) 60. May be.

  The measurement optical system 20 includes a projection optical system (light projecting optical system) 20a and a light receiving optical system 20b. The projection optical system 20a projects a light beam onto the fundus oculi Ef through the pupil of the eye to be examined. In addition, the light receiving optical system 20b takes out a reflected light beam (fundus reflected light) from the fundus oculi Ef via the periphery of the pupil in a ring shape, and captures a ring-shaped fundus reflection image mainly used for measuring refractive power.

  The projection optical system 20a has a measurement light source 21, a relay lens 22, a hall mirror 23, and an objective lens 24 on the optical axis L1. The light source 21 projects a spot-like light source image from the relay lens 22 to the fundus oculi Ef through the objective lens 24 and the pupil center. The light source 21 is moved in the direction of the optical axis L1 by the moving mechanism 33. The hall mirror 23 is provided with an opening through which the light beam from the light source 21 through the relay lens 22 passes. The hall mirror 23 is disposed at a position optically conjugate with the pupil of the eye to be examined.

  The light receiving optical system 20b shares the hall mirror 23 and the objective lens 24 with the projection optical system 20a. The light receiving optical system 20b includes a relay lens 26 and a total reflection mirror 27. Further, the light receiving optical system 20 b has a light receiving stop 28, a collimator lens 29, a ring lens 30, and an image sensor 32 on the optical axis L <b> 2 in the reflection direction of the Hall mirror 23. As the imaging element 32, a two-dimensional light receiving element such as an area CCD can be used. The light receiving aperture 28, the collimator lens 29, the ring lens 30, and the image sensor 32 are moved by the moving mechanism 33 in the direction of the optical axis L2 integrally with the measurement light source 21 of the projection optical system 20a. When the light source 21 is disposed at a position optically conjugate with the fundus oculi Ef by the moving mechanism 33, the light receiving aperture 28 and the image sensor 32 are also disposed at positions optically conjugate with the fundus oculi Ef.

  The ring lens 30 is an optical element for shaping the fundus reflection light guided from the objective lens 24 through the collimator lens 29 into a ring shape. The ring lens 30 has a ring-shaped lens portion and a light shielding portion. Further, when the light receiving aperture 28 and the image sensor 32 are disposed at a position optically conjugate with the fundus oculi Ef, the ring lens 30 is disposed at a position optically conjugate with the pupil of the eye to be examined. The image sensor 32 receives ring-shaped fundus oculi reflection light (hereinafter referred to as a ring image) via the ring lens 30. The image sensor 32 outputs image information of the received ring image to the CPU 71. As a result, the CPU 71 performs display of the ring image on the display unit 7, calculation of refractive power based on the ring image, and the like.

  As shown in FIG. 3, in this embodiment, a dichroic mirror 39 is disposed between the objective lens 24 and the eye to be examined. The dichroic mirror 39 transmits light emitted from the light source 21 and fundus reflected light corresponding to the light from the light source 21. The dichroic mirror 39 guides a light beam from a fixation target presenting optical system 40 described later to the eye to be examined. Further, the dichroic mirror 39 reflects the anterior segment reflected light of light from the index projection optical system 50 described later, and guides the anterior segment reflected light to the observation optical system 60.

  As shown in FIG. 3, an index projection optical system 50 is arranged in front of the eye to be examined. The index projection optical system 50 mainly projects an index used for alignment (alignment) of the optical system with respect to the eye to be examined on the anterior eye segment. In this case, the index projection optical system 50 projects an index used for alignment (alignment) on at least one of the XY direction and the Z direction of the optical system with respect to the eye to be examined. It should be noted that alignment detection may be performed by detecting a characteristic part in the anterior segment image without using the index projection optical system 50. Of course, the alignment may be detected by using both the index detection and the feature part detection.

  The index projection optical system 50 includes, for example, a ring index projection unit 51 and an index projection unit 52. The ring index projection unit 51 projects diffused light onto the cornea of the subject's eye E and projects a ring index (so-called Mayer ring). The ring index projection unit 51 is also used as anterior ocular segment illumination that illuminates the anterior segment of the subject's eye E in the ophthalmologic apparatus 1 of the present embodiment. The index projection unit 52 projects parallel light onto the cornea of the eye to be examined and projects an infinity index.

  The optotype presenting optical system 40 is provided on the optical axis L4 in the reflection direction of the light source 41, the fixation target 42, the relay lens 43, and the reflection mirror 46. The fixation target 42 is used to fix the eye to be examined when measuring objective refractive power. For example, the fixation target 42 is illuminated by the light source 41 and is presented to the eye to be examined.

  The light source 41 and the fixation target 42 are integrally moved in the direction of the optical axis L4 by the drive mechanism 48. The presentation position (presentation distance) of the fixation target may be changed by moving the light source 41 and the fixation target 42. As a result, the refractive power can be measured by applying fog to the eye to be examined.

  The anterior imaging optical system 60 includes an imaging lens 61 and an imaging element 62 on the optical axis L3 in the reflection direction of the half mirror 63. The image sensor 62 is disposed at a position optically conjugate with the anterior segment of the eye to be examined. The image sensor 62 images the anterior segment illuminated by the ring index projection unit 51. An output from the image sensor 62 is input to the CPU 71. As a result, the anterior segment image of the eye to be examined imaged by the imaging element 62 is displayed on the display unit 7 (see FIG. 2). In the image sensor 62, an alignment index image (in this embodiment, a ring index and an infinity index) formed on the cornea of the eye to be examined is captured by the index projection optical system 50. As a result, the CPU 71 can detect the alignment index image based on the imaging result of the imaging element 62. Further, the CPU 71 can determine the suitability of the alignment state based on the position where the alignment index image is detected.

<Face shooting part>
The face photographing unit 90 is an optical system for photographing a face including at least one of the left and right eye to be examined, for example. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the face photographing unit 90 of the present embodiment mainly includes, for example, an imaging element 91 and an imaging lens 92.

  The face photographing unit 90 of this embodiment is moved together with the optometry unit 2 by the driving unit 4. Of course, the face photographing unit 90 may be configured to be fixed to the base 5 and not move, for example.

  The photographing lens 92 may be a wide angle lens, for example. The wide-angle lens is, for example, a fisheye lens or a conical lens. By providing the wide-angle lens, the face photographing unit 90 can photograph the face of the subject with a wide angle of view. The angle of view is, for example, 87 ° or more. Thus, the face photographing unit 90 can easily photograph both eyes of the subject.

<Control method>
Hereinafter, the control operation of the apparatus 1 will be described. For example, in order to inspect the eye to be inspected, the apparatus 1 performs alignment between the optometry unit 2 and the eye to be inspected fully automatically (full auto).

  A flowchart of the full auto measurement is shown in FIG. For example, after performing the measurement, the control unit 70 performs full auto alignment, and performs alignment between the eye E and the optometry unit 2. Thereafter, the eye is measured, the optometry unit 2 is moved to the other eye, and full auto alignment is performed again. When the alignment is completed, the control unit 70 measures the eye to be examined and ends the process. Hereinafter, each step will be described.

{Step S100: Adjustment of chin rest}
In step S100, the control unit 70 performs chin rest adjustment. Details of chin rest adjustment will be described later. When the chin rest adjustment is completed, the control unit 70 proceeds to step S200.

{Step S200: Fully automatic alignment (1)}
In step S200, the control unit 70 performs full auto alignment with respect to one of the left and right eyes. For example, the control unit 70 detects the eye of the subject from the face image photographed by the face photographing unit 90 and moves the optometry unit 2 in that direction. At this time, the control unit 70 may detect the alignment index projected by the index projection optical system 50 from the anterior segment image of the eye to be examined photographed by the anterior segment observation optical system 60. When the rough alignment is performed based on the information of the eye to be examined detected from the face image, when the alignment index is detected from the anterior eye image, the control unit 70 performs fine alignment using the alignment index. For example, the control unit 70 moves the optometry unit 2 so that the position of the alignment index becomes a predetermined position, and completes the alignment.

{Step S300: Measurement (1)}
In step S300, the control unit 70 examines the eye to be examined. For example, the control unit 70 irradiates the fundus of the subject's eye with the measurement light, and measures the eye refractive power of the subject's eye based on the detection result of the measurement light reflected by the fundus.

{Step S400: Left and right eye switching}
In step S400, the control unit 70 switches the eye to be measured. For example, the control unit 70 moves the optometry unit 2 from the eye that has been examined in step S300 to the other eye.

{Step S500: Fully automatic alignment (2)}
In step S500, the control unit 70 performs full auto alignment on the subject eye that has not been inspected, as in step S200.

{Step S600: Measurement (2)}
In step S600, the control unit 70 examines the other eye to be examined.

<3D position estimation>
Next, a method for estimating the three-dimensional position of the eye to be examined using the eye position detected from the captured image will be described (see, for example, FIG. 7). In the following description, application in chin rest position adjustment will be described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this and can be applied to position adjustment of the optometry unit 2.

  FIG. 5 is a flowchart for chin rest control of the ophthalmic apparatus according to the present embodiment. In the present embodiment, the control unit 70 determines the amount of eye level deviation when the subject places his face on the chin rest 11, and controls the height of the chin rest 11 based on the result.

{Step S110: Face Image Shooting}
The control unit 70 photographs the face of the subject with the chin placed on the chin rest 11. FIG. 6 is an example of a face image photographed by the face photographing unit 90. The photographing position of the face photographing unit 90 is approximately the center on the left and right, the eye level on the top and bottom, and the position on the front and back are pulled toward the examiner.

{Step S120: Eye Detection}
As shown in FIG. 6, the control unit 70 detects the eye to be examined from the face image PIC ₀ taken in step S110, and coordinates (x _R , y _R ) of the right eye on the image, coordinates of the left eye to be examined ( x _L , y _L ) is stored in the storage unit 74 or the like (see FIG. 7). Examples of the method for detecting the eye to be examined from the image include various image processing methods such as pupil detection by infrared imaging and luminance value edge detection. For example, when the subject's face is imaged by infrared, the skin appears white and the pupil appears black. Therefore, the control unit 70 may detect a round and black (low brightness) portion as a pupil from an infrared image obtained by infrared imaging. Using the method as described above, the control unit 70 detects the eye to be examined from the face image and acquires the two-dimensional position information.

{Step S130: Three-dimensional position estimation}
The control unit 70 determines the three-dimensional coordinates of the right eye based on the coordinates (x _R , y _R ) and the coordinates (x _L , y _L ) of the right eye in the image obtained in step S120. (X _R , Y _R , Z _R ), the three-dimensional coordinates (X _L , Y _L , Z _L ) of the left eye to be examined are calculated. For example, the relationship between (x _R , y _R ) and (X _R , Y _R , Z _R ) is expressed by Formula (1).

However, h is a constant, I is the camera internal parameter, comprising focal length _f x, _{f y,} skew distortion s, the optical center of coordinates _(c x, _{c y)} When expression (2).

Further, (R | T) is a camera external parameter, R is a rotation component, and T is a translation component, which are expressed by equations (3) and (4), respectively.


From Equation (1), when (x _R , y _R ), I, R, and T are known, the unknown is h, (X _R , Y _R , Z _R ). Here, assuming that one of the four unknowns is a standard value, there are three unknowns, h, X _R , and Y _R , which can be obtained by solving equation (1).

If the face is placed on the chin rest 11, the Z coordinate of the eye is almost the same position, and the individual difference is the left and right position (ie PD), the vertical position (depending on the face size, chin rest position, etc.) It seems that it is not so. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is assumed that Z _R is the standard value. Equation (1) is transformed into Equation (5).


Here, the matrices M and N expressed by the equations (7) and (8) are set.


When the matrices M and N are used, Expression (6) is expressed as Expression (9).

Then, h is given by equation (10) from equation (9).

Therefore, from the equations (9) and (10), X _R and Y _R are given by the equation (11).

The control unit 70 obtains X _R and Y _R by the equation (11). The standard value of Z _R may, for example, may be set to an average eye position when a subject has is supported face to the face supporting unit 9. The standard value of Z _R is stored in such storage unit 74, it may be freely changed by the examiner. Similarly, the control unit 70 derives X _L and Y _L.

{Step S140: Determination of Eye Level Deviation}
The control unit 70 calculates the amount of deviation from the appropriate eye level of the eye to be examined. For example, the control unit 70 calculates the amount of deviation between the three-dimensional coordinates of the eye to be examined and the appropriate eye level calculated in step S130. Of Y _R and Y _L obtained in step S130, the shift amount with the larger error with respect to the eye level is set as the eye level shift amount. When the eye level deviation amount is sufficiently within the allowable range, the control unit 70 determines that the eye level is measurable and ends the chin rest adjustment.

  For example, when the movement range in the Y direction in which the eye to be examined can be measured by moving the optometry unit 2 is + α to −α, the estimated height of the eye to be examined is a range of + β to −β that is narrower than + α to −α. When it is within the range, it is determined that the eye level is measurable. Since the estimated position of the eye to be examined includes an error, the control unit 70 makes a movement range within which the eye to be measured can be reliably measured by making a determination within the range of + β to −β, which is a range narrower than + α to −α. If it falls within, it can be determined that the eye level is measurable.

Further, the control unit 70 may make an error when it is considered that the face is inclined as a result of estimating the three-dimensional coordinates. For example, if the inclined face of the subject as shown in FIG. 8 (a), the difference between the estimated Y _R and Y _L is increased, an error. Further, when the face is tilted around the Y axis as shown in FIG. 8B, the difference between the actual Z coordinate of the eye and the standard position Z _R = Z _L becomes large, and as a result, the estimated Y _R and the difference between the Y _L becomes larger. Therefore, when the difference between Y _R and Y _L is large, the control unit 70 determines that the orientation of the face is not correct, an error.

{Step S150: jaw support}
If the appropriate eye level is large in step S140, the control unit 70 drives the chin rest 11 by the amount of deviation. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, the control unit 70 may display on the display unit 7 an instruction to instruct the subject's face to be separated from the forehead rest 10 and the chin rest 11. For example, the examiner moves the subject's face away from the chin rest 11 and presses the chin rest button 120. When the chin rest button 120 is pressed, the control unit 70 drives the chin rest 11 to the target position based on the calculated shift amount. In this way, the control unit 70 drives the jaw table 11 so that the eye level of the subject is within the driving range of the optometry unit 2.

  As described above, by assuming one coordinate component of three-dimensional coordinates, the three-dimensional position of the eye to be examined can be estimated from an image photographed at one place by one face photographing unit 90. Thereby, the control unit 70 can calculate the adjustment amount of the chin rest for moving the eye to be measured to a measurable eye level.

  Moreover, since the direction in which the chin rest 11 is moved is acquired by the control unit 70, the examiner does not have to specify the direction in which the chin rest 11 is moved. In addition, the examiner does not have to move the chin rest 11 up and down while visually checking whether the chin rest 11 has an appropriate height, and only needs to press the chin rest button 120.

  In addition, since the chin rest adjustment amount can be easily obtained without performing stereo measurement, it is not necessary to increase the cost by providing a plurality of cameras or to increase the measurement time by photographing from a plurality of positions. . Further, a special camera such as a telecentric optical system is not necessarily used.

  In the chin rest adjustment in step S150, the control unit 70 may move the chin rest while the chin rest button 120 is pressed, and stop it when the chin rest button 120 is released. In this case, the control unit 70 drives the chin base 11 based on the calculated deviation amount, and ends the chin base adjustment when the target position is reached while the chin base button 120 is pressed.

  In step S150, the control unit 70 detects that the subject's face has moved away from the chin rest based on the eye detection result of the face image photographed by the sensor provided on the chin rest or the face photographing section. Then, the chin rest may be automatically driven to the target position. Of course, the control unit 70 may automatically drive the chin rest by an eye level deviation amount regardless of the presence or absence of the subject.

  Moreover, you may combine said control. For example, when the amount of eye level deviation is small, the control unit 70 drives the chin base 11 to the target position when the chin rest button 120 is pressed, and when the amount of eye level deviation is large, the face of the subject is moved. The chin rest may be moved to a target position when it is detected that the chin rest has been removed.

  In the above description, the control unit 70 detects both eyes from the face image and estimates the three-dimensional position of both eyes, but estimates the three-dimensional position of only one eye to drive or detect the chin rest. The eye part may be driven.

  In the present embodiment, the height of the chin rest 11 is controlled based on the estimated three-dimensional coordinates, but an estimated value of the three-dimensional coordinates may be used for position control of the optometry unit 2. For example, the control unit 70 may perform alignment detection using the alignment index of the anterior ocular segment image while moving the optometry unit 2 based on the provisional three-dimensional coordinates and performing rough alignment. Then, when the alignment index is detected, the control unit 70 may perform fine alignment based on the alignment index. The control unit 70 may move the optometry unit 2 based on provisional three-dimensional coordinates even when the eye to be examined exists within the driving range of the optometry unit 2 and the chin rest 11 does not need to be moved. .

  Note that the control unit 70 may assume an x coordinate or ay coordinate. For example, the control unit 70 may assume the x coordinate using a general human pupillary distance of 64 mm. For example, the control unit 70 may calculate the y coordinate and the z coordinate on the assumption that the distance between the pupils of the subject on the face image is 64 mm.

  In the present embodiment, the final alignment is performed by detecting the alignment index in the anterior segment image captured by the anterior imaging optical system 60. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the control unit 70 may perform final alignment from the pupil position, contrast, edge, and the like of the anterior segment image.

<Voice announcement>
In addition, the ophthalmologic apparatus of a present Example can perform the audio | voice announcement for guiding a subject or an examiner. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the ophthalmologic apparatus includes a speaker 79. As shown in FIG. 2, the control unit 70 is connected to a speaker 79. The control unit 70 controls the sound output of the speaker 79 and makes a sound announcement. For example, the control unit 70 announces when it is necessary to have the face once removed from the chin rest 11 in step S150, or when blinking is desired before measurement. When making a voice announcement, the control unit 70 may use a detection result from the sensor 113 (FIGS. 1 and 2). The following description is an example when an announcement is made based on the output from the sensor 113.

{Step S151: Human Detection (1)}
In the apparatus of the present embodiment, the presence or absence of a subject is determined and a voice announcement is made. For example, the control unit 70 determines the presence or absence of a person based on the output from the sensor 113. The controller 70 determines that there is a subject when there is an output from the sensor 113, and determines that there is no subject when there is no output from the sensor 113. When it is determined that there is a subject, the control unit 70 performs the same processing as steps S110 to S130 in FIG. 5 and proceeds to step S153. When it is determined that there is no subject, the control unit 70 stands by.

{Step S153: Jaw adjustment adjustment}
In step S153, the control unit 70 determines whether or not the chin rest needs to be adjusted. For example, as described above, the control unit 70 estimates the position of the eye to be examined and determines whether or not the chin rest 11 needs to be adjusted. When it is not necessary to move the chin rest 11, the control unit 70 proceeds to step S162, and when it is determined that the chin rest needs to be adjusted, the control section 70 proceeds to step S154.

{Step S154: Determination of chin rest drive amount}
In step S154, the control unit 70 determines the magnitude of the driving amount of the chin rest 11. For example, the control unit 70 proceeds to step S160 when the driving amount of the chin rest is smaller than a predetermined value, and proceeds to step S155 when the driving amount of the chin rest 11 is larger than the predetermined value. Note that the control unit 70 may store the predetermined value of the drive amount in the storage unit 74 or the like and set it arbitrarily.

{Step S155: Voice announcement (1)}
In step S <b> 155, the control unit 70 makes a voice announcement to release the jaw from the jaw table 11 before driving the jaw table. For example, the control unit 70 outputs a sound such as “move the jaw table, keep the jaw away from the jaw table” by the speaker 79.

{Step S156: Human Detection (2)}
In step S156, the control unit 70 determines the presence or absence of the subject as in step S151. As a result, it is confirmed that the subject's jaw is separated from the chin rest 11. For example, the control unit 70 determines that the subject's chin is separated from the chin rest when the output from the sensor 113 is interrupted for several seconds. When determining that there is no subject, the control unit 70 proceeds to the next step S157.

{Step S157: Jaw Support (1)}
In step S157, the control unit 70 moves the chin rest 11 by, for example, the chin rest driving amount calculated based on the estimated position of the eye to be examined. Note that the control unit 70 may make a voice announcement to move the chin rest 11 again immediately before moving the chin rest 11.

{Step S158: Voice announcement (2)}
When the movement of the chin rest 11 is completed, the control unit 70 makes a voice announcement to the subject that the chin is placed on the chin rest 11. For example, the control unit 70 outputs a voice such as “Please place your chin on the chin rest”.

{Step S159: Human detection (3)}
In step S159, the control unit 70 detects that the subject has returned the chin to the chin rest 11. When the control unit 70 detects the output from the sensor 113, the control unit 70 returns to step S110.

{Step S160: Voice announcement (3)}
When it is determined in step S154 that the driving amount of the chin rest 11 is small, the control unit 70 drives the chin rest 11 with the chin placed on the chin rest 11. Prior to driving the chin rest 11, the control unit 70 makes an audio announcement to drive the chin rest 11. For example, the control unit 70 outputs a sound such as “move chin rest”.

{Step S161: Driven jaw (2)}
In step S161, the control unit 70 drives the chin rest 11. If the control part 70 drives the chin stand 11 to an appropriate position, it will return to step S110.

{Step S162: Voice announcement (4)}
In step S <b> 162, the control unit 70 makes a voice announcement indicating that measurement is started by the speaker 79. For example, the control unit 70 outputs sounds such as “start measurement” and “start full auto alignment”.

{Step S163: Full Auto Alignment}
The control unit 70 performs full auto alignment of the optometry unit 2 with respect to the eye to be examined.

{Step S164: Voice announcement (5)}
The control unit 70 makes a voice announcement prompting the subject to prepare before measurement. For example, the control unit 70 may output a voice such as “please blink” or “open your eyes wide”.

{Step S165: Measurement}
In step S165, the control unit 70 measures the eye to be examined. For example, the eye to be examined is inspected by irradiating the eye with measurement light and receiving the reflected light.

{Step S166: Voice announcement (6)}
The control unit 70 makes a voice announcement to the effect that the measurement has been completed. For example, a voice announcement such as “Measurement has been completed” is output. The control unit 70 makes a voice announcement so as to leave the chin rest 11. For example, sound such as “Please leave the chin” is output. The control unit 70 makes an announcement for initializing the position of the optometry unit 2, the position of the chin rest 11, and the like. For example, an announcement to perform initialization such as “initialize” is made.

{Step S167: Human detection (4)}
In step S167, the control unit 70 determines the presence or absence of the subject as in step S151. As a result, it is confirmed that the subject's jaw is separated from the chin rest 11. When determining that there is no subject, the control unit 70 proceeds to the next step S168.

{Step S168: Initialization}
In step S168, the control unit 70 initializes the apparatus. For example, the control unit 70 returns the position of the optometry unit 2 and the height of the chin rest 11 to the initial position. The initial position of the optometry unit 2 is set, for example, to a position where the eye to be measured can be measured with a slight movement. The initial position of the chin rest 11 is set to an average eye level position, for example.

  As described above, the ophthalmologic apparatus according to the present embodiment notifies the examiner or the subject in advance of the movement of the optometry unit 2 or the chin rest 11 so that the subject or the subject can operate the device suddenly. Prevent surprises. Further, the ophthalmologic apparatus 1 can have the face separated so that the subject's face is not sandwiched between the chin rest 11 and the forehead pad 10 when the chin rest 11 is moved greatly by performing an audio announcement. In an ophthalmologic apparatus that performs full-auto alignment as in the present embodiment, for example, measurement, initialization, and chin rest drive are automatic. Therefore, the measurement can be performed safely by letting the subject know when to start moving. be able to. Also, by making a voice announcement using a speaker, it is possible to save time and labor for the examiner to verbally instruct.

  Depending on the ophthalmic apparatus, there is an apparatus that should make the subject blink before the examination. For example, a perimeter with a long examination time, a non-contact tonometer that ejects air, a fundus camera that emits strong light, and the like. In such a case, as shown in step S166, the ophthalmologic apparatus 1 can perform stable measurement by making an announcement for prompting preparation before measurement. For example, by causing the subject to blink, reduction of blinking during measurement, prevention of eye dryness, removal of excess tears, and the like can be expected. In addition, when the control unit 70 detects from the anterior eye image that the tears are dry and the bright spots are blurred, the control unit 70 may make an announcement to blink.

  Some ophthalmic devices require a subject to have their eyes wide open before an examination. For example, an eye refractive power measuring device, a non-contact tonometer, a fundus camera, etc. can be measured more stably when the subject's eyes are wide open. When inspecting with such an apparatus, as shown in step S166, a voice announcement may be made to open the eyes before measurement. At this time, the degree of eye opening of the eye to be inspected is detected from the anterior eye image captured by the anterior eye imaging optical system, and a voice announcement may be made to open the eye widely when the eye is not very open . In this way, by giving feedback from the anterior eye image, an audio announcement may be made only when necessary depending on the degree of eye opening.

  Note that if one eye is closed during measurement, the fixation may not be stable or the eyes may be wide open, so that both eyes may be announced during the measurement. For example, the control unit 70 may output a sound such as “please open both eyes”.

  In the case of an ophthalmologic apparatus such as a fundus camera, a cornea shape measuring device, or a tonometer, strong light may be emitted, a nozzle may be approached, air may be ejected, or sound may be emitted. In the case of such a device, an announcement that informs the next operation in advance may be made so as not to surprise the subject. For example, a sound such as “a strong light is emitted”, “a nozzle is approaching”, “an air is emitted”, “a sound is emitted”, or the like may be output. By these announcements, it is possible to prevent the subject from being surprised and removing his / her face from the face support unit 9.

  Further, the control unit 70 may announce an examination procedure to the subject. For example, a voice such as “please look inside the device. When you see green blinking, open your eyes wide, endure blinking as much as possible, and look at the blinking green” may be output. Thereby, even a subject who does not know the measurement procedure can perform an appropriate examination.

  Note that the control unit 70 may announce precautions at the time of inspection. For example, the control unit 70 may make an audio announcement instructing not to blink during measurement. For example, a voice such as “Please do not blink as much as possible during measurement” may be output.

  Note that in a device having a long measurement time, such as a visual field inspection device, the control unit 70 may make an audio announcement for maintaining the concentration of the subject. For example, the control unit 70 may output a sound such as “the fixation light has shifted” or “20% completed”. Thus, the subject can grasp the examination status and can concentrate on the examination.

  In addition, the control unit 70 may make an announcement for relaxing the subject between measurements. For example, you may output the voice "Please look at an index and make it easy." Thereby, the burden on the subject due to the maintenance of the tension state can be reduced.

  For example, the control unit 70 may make a voice announcement to switch the left and right eyes. For example, in step S400 described above, a sound such as “Continue to measure the left eye” may be output. As a result, the subject can grasp that the other eye is measured after the measurement of one eye is completed, so that the subject does not move inadvertently and can perform the measurement smoothly.

  Note that the control unit 70 may announce which inspection is to be performed next when the measurement mode is switched. As a result, it is possible to grasp which examination is being performed, and thus it is possible to remove subject anxiety. In addition, the control unit 70 may output a shutter sound in a photographing apparatus such as a fundus camera. This makes it possible to grasp that the subject is being photographed and to be conscious not to move the face or eyes.

  Note that the control unit 70 may make a voice announcement indicating that measurement cannot be performed when the eye to be examined cannot be detected or when the eye to be examined cannot be measured. In addition, the control unit 70 may make a voice announcement instructing the subject to call the examiner. As a result, even if the examiner is at a remote position at the time of measurement, the subject does not needlessly wait on the spot, and the measurement time can be expected to be shortened.

  Note that the control unit 70 may make an announcement to remove the glasses or the contact lens before the measurement. For example, the control unit 70 may output a voice “Please remove glasses or contact lenses”. As a result, it is possible to prevent a mistake in inspecting with the eyeglasses or the contact lens attached. Further, the control unit 70 may make an audio announcement indicating that the eyeglasses are to be worn when the patient's diopter is outside the focus adjustment range of the apparatus. For example, the control unit 70 may output a voice “Please wear glasses or contact lenses.”

  Note that the control unit 70 may announce the correct way when the face support unit 9 supports the face. For example, the control unit 70 may make a voice announcement “please place the chin on the chin rest and touch the forehead lightly as if the chin is in the back”. Further, the control unit 70 may output a voice “Please hold both hands lightly on the left and right grips of the chin rest”. Thus, the subject can measure with a correct posture.

  The control unit 70 may make an announcement so that the head is slowly pulled from the chin rest after the measurement is completed. Further, the control unit 70 may make an announcement so as not to hold the chin rest 11 and the forehead rest 10 when standing up. Thereby, it is possible to prevent damage to the apparatus or danger of the subject after completion of the measurement.

  Moreover, the control part 70 may perform the audio | voice announcement which prompts a patient to blink and to rest for a while and wait for a while after completion | finish of a measurement.

<Jaw placement detector>
The face support unit 9 may include a chin rest detection unit 109 that detects whether or not the chin is placed on the chin rest 11. For example, the chin rest detection unit 109 detects that the chin rest 11 has been pushed downward by the subject's chin. An example of the chin rest detection unit 113 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the internal structure of the face support portion 9 of this embodiment. The face support unit 9 includes, for example, a forehead pad 10, a chin rest 11, a support column 105, a bearing 104, a chin rest driving section 12, an operation unit 100, a chin rest detection section 109, and the like.

  The support column 105 is fixed to the chin rest 11. The support column 105 is connected to the chin rest drive unit 12. The support column 105 moves in the vertical direction by driving the chin rest drive unit 12. The height of the chin rest 11 is adjusted by the movement of the support column 105. The height of the chin rest 11 is detected by an encoder 108 attached to the support column 105 or the like. The bearing portion 104 serves as a guide when the support column 105 is driven up and down. The bearing part 104 and the support | pillar 105 are fitted so that sliding is possible.

  The chin rest detection unit 109 is configured to react when pushed down by the subject's chin. The chin rest detection unit 109 includes, for example, a sensor 113, a sensor base 102, a crank plate 112, a rotation shaft unit 111, and the like. The sensor 113 may be a photo sensor, a magnetic sensor, a pressure sensor, or the like, or a switch or the like. In this embodiment, a photo sensor is used. The sensor base 102 is fixed to the main body of the face support unit 9. The sensor 113 is fixed to the sensor base 102. The rotating shaft 111 is fixed to the sensor base 102. The crank plate 112 is rotatably supported by the rotating shaft portion 111. The crank plate 112 blocks the detection light of the photo sensor.

  The operating mechanism 100 is a mechanism for causing the chin rest 11 to sink downward when the subject's chin rests on the chin rest 11 and to be detected by the chin rest detecting unit 109. In this embodiment, the chin rest 11 sinks downward together with the actuating section 100 and the chin rest driving section 12. The operation unit 100 includes an operation base 101, a pin 115, a spring 110, an upper stopper 106, and a lower stopper 107. The operation base 101 is fixed to the chin rest drive unit 12. The pin 115 is fixed to the operation base 101. The pin 115 is engaged with the notch 114 of the crank plate 112.

  The upper stopper 106 and the lower stopper 107 limit the vertical movement range of the operation base 101. For example, a stopper is provided so that the working base 101 is pushed and moves 1.5 mm. The upper stopper 106 and the lower stopper 107 are fixed to the main body of the face support portion 9. The upper end of the spring 110 is attached to the sensor base 102 and the lower end is attached to the operating base 101. The spring 110 lifts the operating base 101 upward by a restoring force.

  The operation of the chin rest detection unit 109 as described above will be described. When the jaw is not placed on the jaw table 11, the jaw table 11 is lifted upward by the spring 110, and stops at a position where the operation base 101 contacts the upper stopper 106. When the chin is placed on the chin rest 11, as shown in FIG. 12, the chin rest 11, the support column 105, the operation base 101, and the chin rest drive section 12 are integrally pushed down. As the working base 101 moves downward, the pin 115 attached to the working base 101 also moves downward. When the pin 115 moves downward, the crank plate 112 rotates around the rotation shaft portion 111 and shields the detection light of the sensor 113. When the detection signal from the sensor 113 disappears, the control unit 70 detects that the jaw is placed on the chin rest 11.

  If a contact sensor or the like is mounted on the chin rest 11, it is necessary to extend the contact sensor harness to the chin rest 11. Since the chin rest 11 needs to be moved up and down largely (for example, about 66 mm) in order to adjust the height of the eye to be inspected, there is a possibility that the harness is disconnected due to the vertical movement. Further, a space for mounting the sensor on the chin rest 11 is required, and the design is impaired. In addition, the sensor may break down due to alcohol disinfection of the chin rest 11.

  Therefore, as in the present embodiment, the possibility that the harness is disconnected by fixing the chin rest detection unit 109 not at the chin rest 11 but at a position inside the chin rest that is not affected by the driving of the chin rest driving unit 12. Can be reduced. The chin rest detection unit 109 of the present embodiment only needs to detect the movement of the entire chin rest regardless of the height of the chin rest.

  By moving the entire vertical mechanism of the jaw table 11 up and down separately from the upper and lower surfaces of the jaw table 11 by the jaw table driving unit 12, the risk of harness disconnection and design problems can be avoided. In addition, by providing the detection mechanism inside the chin rest vertical movement mechanism, it is possible to prevent the apparatus from becoming large.

  In the above-described chin rest detection unit 109, the crank plate 112 is used for the detection of the photosensor 113 because the sink of the chin rest 11 is as small as 1.5 mm, and the amount of shielding of the photosensor by the crank plate 112 is therefore small. This is because the photo sensor can be detected more accurately. However, the detection light of the photosensor may be shielded by a shielding plate fixed to the operation base 101 without using the crank plate 112.

  Further, when the column 105 is moved up and down by the chin rest drive unit 12, the column 105 slides with respect to the bearing 104. Even when the chin rest 11 sinks, the support column 105 slides on the bearing 104. As described above, the apparatus configuration can be simplified by using the same bearing 104 for the driving at the time of adjusting the chin rest 11 and the driving for detecting the chin rest detection unit 109.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ophthalmology apparatus 2 Optometrist part 4 Drive part 5 Base 6 Case 9 Face support part 11 Jaw stand 70 Control part 71 CPU
72 ROM
73 RAM
90 Face shooting part

Claims (4)

An ophthalmic apparatus for inspecting an eye to be examined,
A chin rest that supports the subject's jaw and is driven up and down to adjust the subject's eye level;
An operating part that sinks the jaw table downward by placing the jaw on the jaw table;
Detecting means for detecting the sinking of the jaw table by the operating unit;
An ophthalmologic apparatus comprising:   The ophthalmic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the operating unit integrally sinks the chin rest and a drive unit that drives the chin rest in a vertical direction.   The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the operating unit includes an urging unit that lifts the chin rest upward. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the operating unit includes a regulation unit that regulates a movement amount when the jaw table sinks.