JP2017215814A - Data display device, data display method, and program - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a technology that enables a user to feel free to browse past data while seeing the current data.SOLUTION: A data display device comprises: a storage part that stores data to be displayed; display means that displays data at a certain time position read from the storage part as a bar graph; and control means that switches the bars in the bar graph at the time position to bars in data at a time position different from the time position on the basis of a predetermined operation performed by a user on a screen on which the bar graph is displayed.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for displaying data based on an operation by a user.

  An era in which a variety of data that is updated every day can be acted while being routinely referred to on a mobile terminal such as a smartphone is coming. In order to intuitively understand the characteristics of data, bar graphs, line graphs, and information visualization methods such as tree maps and map displays have been proposed and put to practical use.

  Appropriateness of the graph when expressing data is affected by the nature of the data (Non-Patent Document 1). For example, among various visualization methods, there are a bar graph and a line graph that are most often used to visualize data. The bar graph is suitable for comparing data of independent measurement points from a common viewpoint. On the other hand, the line graph is suitable for expressing continuous data such as time-series data. For example, a bar chart is suitable for comparing today's prices at nearby gas stations. On the other hand, the transition of the price of a certain gas station during the month is considered to be expressed as a line graph. Systems for visualizing data based on the nature of the data and the viewpoint / interest of the person viewing the data have also been proposed (Non-Patent Documents 2 and 3).

J. Mackinlay: Automating the design of graphical presentations of relational information, ACM Transactions on Graphics, Volume 5 Issue 2, April 1986, Pages 110-141. Tsuneaki Kato, Mitsunori Matsushita: Multimodal Dialogue Processing for Exploratory Data Analysis Using Graphs, IEICE Transactions. D-II, Information and Systems, II-Pattern Processing J87-D-II (5), 1142-1152, 2004. Mitsunori Matsushita: InTREND: Data Analysis Support System Focusing on User Searching and Reflecting Actions, IPSJ Transactions, Vol.49, No.7, pp.2456-2467 (2008).

  However, the above-mentioned suitability was originally designed with the task of analyzing carefully in front of printed paper or desktop PCs. In order to effectively use data in various everyday situations, a simple interaction method for quickly grasping the characteristics of the data is required.

  As an example, when you get in a car, the amount of gasoline has decreased, so let's consider a situation in which you want to add gasoline by comparing the prices of nearby gas stations.

  Based on the existing design guidelines, the expression and operation of the smartphone app is as follows. First, the smartphone app collects price information for nearby gas stations based on the user's location information and displays it in a bar graph. If the user wants to know past changes, the menu operation or the touch of the stand name etc. will display the price change by stand for the past month as a line graph.

  However, this design has problems in (1) expression and (2) operation in the following points.

(1) Expression A line graph is suitable as a data expression of price transition. However, from the viewpoint of transition from the current price bar graph representation, not only the graph type changes, but also the meaning of the vertical and horizontal axes of the graph changes, so it is not necessarily an intuitive representation.

(2) Operation Pointing operation of menus and small buttons has a heavy operation load.

  In everyday situations such as moving, unless there is a clear desire for information, expressions that are not intuitive and complicated operations are often avoided. Information on past price transitions is useful information that can be used as a guide for selecting a gas station in the future, but is not necessarily necessary information when selecting a gas station now. With such expressions and operations, it is likely that many users who are looking for a gas station do not check past price changes.

  It is also known that people often use information acquired rather than purpose-oriented later (reference: Catherine C. Marshall, Sara Bly: Saving and using encountered information: implications for electronic periodicals, Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI'05), pp. 111-120, 2005.). In order to support the use of such information, it is necessary to provide a mechanism by which information can be pushed to the user, or can be browsed casually even if the user does not have a clear desire for information.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and provides a technology that solves the above-described problems of expression and operation, and allows a user to easily browse past data while viewing current data. The purpose is to provide.

According to the disclosed technology, a storage unit that stores data to be displayed;
Display means for displaying data at a certain time position read from the storage unit as a bar graph;
Control means for switching each bar of the bar graph of the time position data to a bar of data at a time position different from the time position based on a predetermined operation by the user on the screen on which the bar graph is displayed. A data display device is provided.

  According to the disclosed technology, a technology is provided that allows a user to easily browse past data while viewing current data. As a result, the user can refer to past data on a daily basis, and adjust the behavior based on the transition of the data so far as well as the present. For example, if you refer to the past price of a gas station on a daily basis, you can see how the price of each gas station changes. This is considered to be an effective memory for appropriately selecting a gas station even when there is no room for launching an application.

It is a figure which shows the example of an initial screen. It is a figure for demonstrating the transition method to the past. It is a figure for demonstrating the display method of the past data based on a rotation system. It is a figure which shows a rotation holder. It is a figure which shows the example 2 of a display. It is a lineblock diagram of data display device 100 in an embodiment of the invention. It is a figure which shows the hardware structural example of the data display apparatus 100 in embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the example of visualization of the air pollutant inhalation | suction amount.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment (this embodiment) of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The embodiment described below is merely an example, and the embodiment to which the present invention is applied is not limited to the following embodiment.

(Outline of the embodiment)
First, an outline of the present embodiment will be described. In the present embodiment, it is possible to intuitively and seamlessly browse past data by a flick (or swipe, hereinafter the same) operation by a user on the data display device 100 described later.

  Specifically, by performing a flick operation on the current data expressed by the bar graph, what is displayed as the current bar graph is switched to a bar graph of past data according to the amount of operation. As you flick in a specific direction, you can go back to the past data, and if you flick in the opposite direction, data closer to the present is displayed. The operation of flicking somewhere on the screen is possible even without looking at the screen, and the operation load is low.

  In addition, by displaying the past data while maintaining the vertical and horizontal axes of the bar graph, it is possible to confirm the transition of the past data from the animation of increasing / decreasing the length of the bar graph. Thereby, when the user wants to know the past transition while looking at the current data, the user can check the past data with an intuitive expression and a simple operation.

  The technology according to the present embodiment is positioned as an interactive RSVP (Rapid Serial Visual Presentation) technology for bar graphs. RSVP is a visualization method that displays a large amount of information by switching information rapidly and sequentially. Also in the present embodiment, the display is sequentially switched to past information by the user flicking on the screen. At this time, since the viewpoint of the information before and after is maintained, the user can grasp the transition of the information. In the present embodiment for a bar graph, the vertical and horizontal axes of the bar graph are maintained, so that each bar on the graph is switched at high speed and sequentially based on the flick, not the entire screen.

  In the present embodiment, it is assumed that the data display device 100 that executes various screen displays described below is a mobile terminal such as a smartphone or a tablet that executes an operation by an application (program). The display device 100 is not limited to a mobile terminal such as a smartphone or a tablet. For example, the data display device 100 may be a desktop PC that can perform operations such as flicking on the screen.

  In this embodiment, as an example, the price of gasoline at a gas station is described as an example. In this example, it is assumed that the data display device 100 can obtain desired data by accessing the database 200 storing the price of gasoline for each gas station via a network. Hereinafter, the present embodiment will be described more specifically.

(Display example 1)
First, Display Example 1 in the present embodiment will be described. When the user starts an application on the data display device 100 in order to compare the gasoline prices at the gas station on that day, the prices of the gas stations A to F are displayed on the screen of the data display device 100 as shown in FIG. Is displayed as a bar graph.

  When the user flicks or swipes somewhere on the screen, the bar graph display changes to display the price of each gas station at a certain point in the past instead of the present. Here, “flick” is an operation of flipping a finger touching the screen. “Swipe” is an operation of sliding a finger touching the screen.

  For example, when the screen is slightly flicked upward from the current display shown in FIG. 2A, the bar graph display changes from the previous day (FIG. 2B) to the past two days ago (FIG. 2C). On the other hand, if you flick downward, it will return toward the previous day, the current day and the present day.If there is forecast data for tomorrow or later, flick upward further to predict the price for tomorrow and the day after tomorrow. The value may be displayed as a bar graph.

  In the above example, the flicking upward is used to go back to the past and the flicking downward is used to advance the time. However, the upward and downward directions may be reversed. In other words, it may be possible to go back to the past by flicking downward and proceed to the time progression method by flicking upward. Also, you can go back to the past by flicking to the right, and advance to the time progress method by flicking to the left, or go back to the past by flicking to the left, and change to the time progress method by flicking to the right. You may make it go.

  An example of a method for realizing the above display will be described with reference to FIG. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, a mental model is adopted in which individual bars rotate like a rotary holder such as a business card and display different information one after another. As shown in FIG. 3, a bar indicating the daily price of gasoline is placed in time series on the rotating holder. The flick (swipe) operation is an operation of rotating the rotary holder in the forward direction or the reverse direction. By flicking the screen up and down (or left and right), the rotating holder rotates, and bar graphs in front and back (eg the previous day and the next day) are displayed one after another.

  In the example of the gasoline price at the gas station shown in FIG. 3, the data display device 100 has individual rotating holders from the stand A to the stand F, respectively. A total of six rotation holders rotate at the same time based on the user's flick operation, and display, for example, past date bars.

  With reference to FIG. 4, the example of a rotation holder is demonstrated in detail. As shown in FIG. 4A, the upper left of the screen is defined as the origin, the right direction is defined as the x axis, the lower direction is defined as the y axis, and the depth direction is defined as the z axis. In this coordinate system, when the arrangement of the bars on the rotation holder in the display example 1 is captured by the yz coordinates, it is as shown in FIG. In FIG. 4B, the y-axis line represents a cross section of the yx plane (that is, the screen) where z = 0.

  In the display example 1, the bars displayed on the screen are of a specific date, but this is because only the portion close to z = 0 among the bars arranged in the depth direction may be displayed on the screen. . For example, the bar closest to z = 0 is displayed on the screen (example: bar indicated by A in FIG. 4B).

(Display example 2)
In the display example 1, the bar displayed on the screen is of a specific date, but this is only an example, and other display methods may be adopted. For example, as shown in FIG. 5 (display example 2), date bars before and after a specific date may be displayed above and below the specific date bar. In the example of FIG. 5, a bar for March 8 is displayed, a bar for March 9 is displayed above the bar for March 8, and a bar for March 7 is a bar for March 8. Is displayed below.

  Display example 2 shown in FIG. 5 can be realized by expanding the drawing range of the bar in the z-axis direction. That is, for example, the bar closest to z = 0, the bar closest to the second, and the bar closest to the third (including the same case as the second proximity) are displayed on the screen as drawing objects.

  By displaying the prices of dates before and after a specific date as a display bar as shown in Display Example 2, it becomes easier to understand the transition before and after. However, if expressed in the same color depth, it is difficult to distinguish whether the displayed graph is the one at the point of interest or before and after. Therefore, the front and rear bars may have effects such as thinning the color or thinning the bars.

  Currently, Android (registered trademark) smartphones can use 3D graphics libraries such as OpenGL (registered trademark). For example, by using the perspective effect of these libraries (distant objects appear smaller) and the fog effect (distant objects appear muddy), the color of the front and rear bar groups is reduced, the bars are made thinner, etc. The effect can be realized.

(Device configuration example, operation example)
FIG. 6 shows a functional configuration example of the data display device 100 in the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 6, the data display device 100 according to the present embodiment includes an operation / display unit 101 (for example, a touch panel), a drawing unit 102, a rotation holder update unit 103, an operation recognition unit 104, an operation amount / time amount conversion. Unit 105 and data acquisition unit 106. Moreover, the gas station price database 200 is provided on the network, and the data acquisition unit 106 can access the database 200 and acquire desired data.

  An example of the operation of the data display device 100 including the above functional units will be described below. First, based on the data acquired by the data acquisition unit 106, the drawing unit 102 displays the price of the gasoline at a nearby gas station as shown in FIG. 1 as a bar graph on the operation / display unit 101. To do.

  In this state, when the user flicks or swipes the screen on the operation / display unit 101, the operation recognition unit 104 detects the operation and sends the operation amount to the drawing unit 102 and the operation amount / time amount conversion unit 105. .

  The rotation holder management unit 103 includes a storage unit that stores information on the rotation holder of each bar. The drawing unit 102 acquires information on the rotation holder of each bar from the rotation holder management unit 103 and sends the information from the operation recognition unit 104. Based on the amount of operation that has been made, the rotating holder of each rod is rotated to update the screen.

  On the other hand, the operation amount / time amount conversion unit 105 calculates, based on the operation amount, how much the user has moved the time toward the past or the future by the flick operation, and stores the moved time amount in the data acquisition unit 106. send. The data acquisition unit 106 acquires past (or future) gas station price data from the gas station price database 200 based on the amount of time operated by the user, and sends the data to the rotating holder management unit 103. The rotation holder management unit 103 changes the data assigned to the rotation holder based on the data sent from the data acquisition unit 103.

  In this operation example, the drawing is updated as soon as the user's operation is recognized. This is because when the database is sequentially accessed based on the user's flick operation, the display cannot be converted quickly and smoothly. The data acquisition unit 106 reads price data of a predetermined amount (for example, for 30 days) from the database 200, assigns it to the rotation holder, stores it in the storage unit, and the drawing unit 102 determines the operation amount according to the operation amount. The rotating holder to which the price data has already been assigned is acquired, rotated, and displayed.

  On the other hand, since the date is moved by a user operation, the rotation holder management unit 103 updates the assignment to the rotation holder based on the moved date. For example, when the rotating holder is traced back by 5 days by the user's operation, data for the past 5 days from the previous 30 days is acquired from the price database 200 and newly assigned to the rotating holder. In this way, by assigning data that may be browsed by the user by the flick operation to the rotation holder in advance, it is possible to always update the drawing quickly and smoothly in response to the user's operation.

<Hardware configuration>
As described above, the data display device 100 according to the present embodiment is realized as an example by a smartphone or tablet equipped with an application. More generally, the data display device 100 includes one or more data display devices 100. This can be realized by causing a computer to execute a program describing the processing contents described in this embodiment. In other words, the functions of the data display device 100 are realized by executing a program corresponding to processing executed in the data display device 100 using hardware resources such as a CPU, memory, and hard disk built in the computer. Is possible. Further, the program can be recorded on a computer-readable recording medium (portable memory or the like), stored, or distributed. It is also possible to provide the program through a network such as the Internet or electronic mail.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a hardware configuration example of the data display device 100 according to the present embodiment. The data display device 100 in FIG. 7 includes a drive device 150, an auxiliary storage device 152, a memory device 153, a CPU 154, an interface device 155, a display device 156, an input device 157, and the like that are mutually connected by a bus B.

  A program for realizing processing in the data display device 100 is provided by a recording medium 151 such as a CD-ROM or a memory card, for example. When the recording medium 151 storing the program is set in the drive device 150, the program is installed from the recording medium 151 into the auxiliary storage device 152 via the drive device 150. However, the program does not necessarily have to be installed from the recording medium 151, and may be downloaded from another computer via a network. The auxiliary storage device 152 stores the installed program and also stores necessary files and data.

  The memory device 153 reads the program from the auxiliary storage device 152 and stores it when there is an instruction to start the program. The CPU 154 realizes functions related to the data display device 100 in accordance with a program stored in the memory device 153. The interface device 155 is used as an interface for connecting to a network. The display device 156 displays data and the like. The input device 157 is used for allowing a user to input various operation instructions. The display device 156 and the input device 157 may be separate devices, or the display device 156 and the input device 157 may be an integrated device.

(Other display examples)
So far, the present invention has been described by taking the price display of the gas station as an example, but the application target of the present invention is not limited to the price display of the gas station. The present invention is basically applicable to general time-series data aggregated from a plurality of points and viewpoints. For example, the present invention can also be applied to an application in which various air pollution amounts of a measurement station closest to the place where the user is present are displayed and a past measurement result is displayed when the user flicks it. Data relating to the amount of air pollutants a user inhales every day can also be used as a data source.

  Air Pollutant Inhalation Visualization System (Reference: Shirai Yoshinari, Kishino Yasue, Naya Ta, Yanagisawa Yutaka: Air Pollutant Inhalation Measurement System Using Cloud Database, Multimedia, Distributed, Cooperation and Mobile (DICOMO2015) Symposium, pp 786-792, 2015), as shown in FIG. 8, the amount of air pollutants inhaled by the user is visualized by a bar graph as shown in FIG. 8, but the present invention provides a user flick operation in such an application. Based on this, it can also be used when displaying the past suction amount.

  In the display examples described so far, points and viewpoints are arranged on the vertical axis of the screen, and the horizontal axis is a value measured based on the points and viewpoints. However, the vertical axis and the horizontal axis may be interchanged. Absent. However, in that case, it is preferable to assign the left and right as the flicking direction instead of up and down.

  The present invention is not limited to browsing past data. For example, when combined with an engine that predicts the future based on past data, it is also possible to display future data predicted values from the present by flicking.

  In the display examples 1 and 2, the rotation holder is rotated by a flick or swipe operation, but a rotation operation by a tap may be used. For example, an operation may be employed in which a tap on somewhere in the upper half of the screen of the data display device 100 goes back one day toward the past, and a tapping anywhere in the lower half advances one day in the current direction. Further, an operation of continuously moving toward the past or the present when a long tap is performed may be used. The operation of tapping a small button has a high operation load, but the operation load can be reduced by setting the entire screen area as a tap area.

(Summary of embodiment)
As described above, according to the present embodiment, a storage unit that stores data to be displayed, a display unit that displays data at a certain time position read from the storage unit as a bar graph, and the bar graph Control means for switching each bar of the bar graph of the time position data to a data bar of a time position different from the time position based on a predetermined operation by the user on the screen on which is displayed. A featured data display device is provided.

  The operation / display unit 101 described in the embodiment is an example of the display unit. The drawing unit 102, the rotation holder update unit 103, and the operation recognition unit are examples of the above-described control means.

  The storage unit stores, for example, data to be displayed as a rotation holder in which data of bars having different time positions are arranged in a rotation direction, and the control unit stores the rotation holder based on the predetermined operation. By rotating it, the data at the different time positions is switched to a bar.

  The predetermined operation is, for example, flick, swipe, or tap.

  Although the present embodiment has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiment, and various modifications and changes can be made within the scope of the gist of the present invention described in the claims. Is possible.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Data display apparatus 101 Operation / display part 102 Drawing part 103 Rotation holder update part 104 Operation recognition part 105 Operation amount / time amount conversion part 106 Data acquisition part 150 Drive apparatus 151 Recording medium 152 Auxiliary storage apparatus 153 Memory apparatus 154 CPU
155 Interface device 156 Display device 157 Input device 200 Gas station price database

Claims (7)

A storage unit for storing data to be displayed;
Display means for displaying data at a certain time position read from the storage unit as a bar graph;
Control means for switching each bar of the bar graph of the time position data to a bar of data at a time position different from the time position based on a predetermined operation by the user on the screen on which the bar graph is displayed. A data display device characterized by that. The storage unit stores data to be displayed as a rotation holder in which data of bars having different time positions are arranged in a rotation direction,
The data display device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit switches the data at the different time positions to bars by rotating the rotary holder based on the predetermined operation. The data display device according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined operation is flick, swipe, or tap. A data display method executed by a data display device including a storage unit that stores data to be displayed,
A display step of displaying data at a certain time position read from the storage unit as a bar graph;
And a control step of switching each bar of the bar graph of the time position data to a bar of data at a time position different from the time position based on a predetermined operation by the user on the screen on which the bar graph is displayed. A data display method characterized by that. The storage unit stores data to be displayed as a rotation holder in which data of bars having different time positions are arranged in a rotation direction,
5. The data display device according to claim 4, wherein, in the control step, the data display device switches the data at the different time positions to bars by rotating the rotating holder based on the predetermined operation. Data display method. The data display method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the predetermined operation is flick, swipe, or tap.   The program for functioning a computer as each means of the data display apparatus of any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3.