JP2017211047A - Synchronizer of manual transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce shift operation force of a change lever for a driver of a vehicle as much as possible, and enable a synchronizer ring 11 to be returned to an initial position where a next synchronous operation is properly performed, in a case where a hub sleeve 7 moves rearward to a neutral position.SOLUTION: A synchronous slide surface on a hub sleeve 7 side and a synchronous slide surface on a synchronizer ring 11 are provided outside in a radial direction of a rotational shaft 2 with respect a sleeve spline 8. In the hub sleeve 7, provided is a cover member 31 moving in an axial direction of the rotational shaft 2 together with the hub sleeve 7, and covering a synchronized gear 21 side of the synchronizer ring 11.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention belongs to a technical field related to a synchronization device for a manual transmission.

  In general, a manual transmission mounted on a vehicle has a primary shaft connected to an output shaft of an engine via a clutch, and a secondary shaft (also called a counter shaft) arranged in parallel to the primary shaft. A gear train is provided between the two shafts for each gear stage, and only one gear train corresponding to a desired gear stage is in a power transmission state by operating a change lever by a vehicle driver. ing.

  In such a manual transmission, normally, a meshing gear train is always employed as the forward gear stage gear train. In this constantly meshing gear train, the fixed gear fixed to one of the primary shaft and the secondary shaft is always meshed with the idle gear that is loosely fitted to the other shaft, so that the driver can move while the vehicle is running. When a shift to a desired gear stage is performed by a shift operation of the change lever, the rotation of the idle gear in the gear train of the gear stage and the rotation shaft provided with the idle gear is changed to the gear stage. The power transmission state in the gear train is smoothly realized by synchronizing with the synchronization device.

  The synchronization device includes, for example, a clutch hub fixed on the rotation shaft and an axial direction of the rotation shaft with respect to the clutch hub on the outer peripheral side of the clutch hub as disclosed in Patent Document 1. A hub sleeve that is slidable and relatively non-rotatable, a synchronized gear (the idle gear) installed on one side of the axial direction with respect to the clutch hub on the rotating shaft, And a synchronizer ring disposed on the axially synchronized gear side with respect to the hub sleeve. When the hub sleeve slides toward the synchronized gear in the axial direction with respect to the clutch hub, the synchronization device includes a synchronous sliding surface (cone surface) provided on the hub sleeve side. The synchronous sliding surface (cone surface) provided on the synchronizer ring side slides in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft to synchronize the rotation of the synchronized gear with the rotation of the rotating shaft. After the execution of the synchronizing operation, the sleeve spline provided on the sleeve is engaged with the gear spline provided on the synchronized gear. The synchronous gear rotates integrally.

JP-A-8-200377

  Here, in order to reduce the shift operating force of the change lever of the driver, the synchronous sliding surface on the hub sleeve side and the synchronous sliding surface on the synchronizer ring side are provided as far as possible in the radial direction of the rotating shaft. It is desirable. That is, the torque during the synchronous operation is (the load applied to the two synchronous sliding surfaces) × (the friction coefficient between the two synchronous sliding surfaces) × (the radius of the two synchronous sliding surfaces). If the radius of the two synchronous sliding surfaces is increased to obtain the magnitude of torque, the load applied to the two synchronous sliding surfaces, that is, the shift operation force can be reduced.

  In Patent Document 1, a synchronous sliding surface on the hub sleeve side is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the hub sleeve, and in this respect, it is a preferable form for reducing the shift operating force of the driver's change lever. .

  However, in Patent Document 1, there is a problem in that the shift operation force cannot be reduced even if the synchronous sliding surface on the hub sleeve side is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the hub sleeve. That is, in Patent Document 1, when the sleeve spline of the hub sleeve engages with the gear spline of the synchronized gear, the synchronizer ring moves forward from the initial position by sliding the hub sleeve toward the synchronized gear with respect to the clutch hub. However, if the synchronizer ring moves forward against the spring holding force of the wire spring and the hub sleeve moves backward to the neutral position where the sleeve spline and gear spline do not engage, the synchronizer ring is It is pushed back to the initial position by the spring holding force of the spring. For this reason, the elastic force holding force of the wire spring is added to the shift operation force of the change lever. In addition, if the synchronizer ring is not pushed back to the initial position by the wire spring, the next synchronization operation cannot be performed properly, so it is necessary to push the synchronizer ring back to the initial position without fail. Therefore, it is difficult to reduce the elastic holding force of the wire spring.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a point, and an object of the present invention is to reduce the shift operation force of the change lever of the vehicle driver as much as possible and to move the hub sleeve backward to the neutral position. In addition, the synchronizer ring can be returned to the initial position where the next synchronization operation can be appropriately performed.

  In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, for a manual transmission synchronizer, a clutch hub fixed on a rotary shaft, and an outer peripheral side of the clutch hub on the clutch hub. A hub sleeve that is slidable in the axial direction of the rotary shaft and is relatively non-rotatable and has a sleeve spline formed on the inner peripheral surface, and one axial side of the clutch hub on the rotary shaft. A synchronized gear provided so as to be rotatable relative to the rotating shaft and provided with a gear spline engageable with the sleeve spline, and disposed on the synchronized gear side in the axial direction with respect to the hub sleeve. And a synchronizer ring provided with a syncross spline that is engageable with the gear spline, wherein the synchronization device has the hub sleeve with respect to the clutch hub. When sliding to the synchronized gear side in the direction, the synchronous sliding surface provided on the hub sleeve side and the synchronizer ring side in a non-engaged state of the sleeve spline and the thin cross spline and the gear spline And a synchronous sliding surface provided on the sliding surface to each other to execute a synchronous operation for synchronizing the rotation of the synchronized gear with the rotation of the rotary shaft, and after executing the synchronous operation, the sleeve spline and the The synchro spline is configured to be engaged with the gear spline, and the synchronous sliding surface on the hub sleeve side and the synchronous sliding surface on the synchronizer ring side are more radially outward than the sleeve spline. Is located on the hub sleeve and moves axially with the hub sleeve and the sink Naizaringu of further includes a cover member covering the the synchronized gear side in the axial direction, it has a structure that.

  With the above configuration, when the hub sleeve moves backward to the neutral position where the sleeve spline and the gear spline do not engage, the synchronizer ring and the gear spline are separated by the cover member provided on the hub sleeve. The position can be returned to the initial position where it is not engaged and the next synchronization operation can be appropriately performed. Thereby, an urging means such as a spring for returning the synchronizer ring to the initial position becomes unnecessary, or the urging force of the urging means can be reduced. Thus, the urging means becomes unnecessary or the urging force of the urging means can be reduced, and the synchronous sliding surface on the hub sleeve side and the synchronous sliding surface on the synchronizer ring side have a rotating shaft more than the sleeve spline. By being provided on the outer side in the radial direction, the shift operation force of the change lever of the driver of the vehicle can be reduced as much as possible.

  In one embodiment of the manual transmission synchronizer, the synchronizer ring is of a triple cone type having an outer ring, a middle ring and an inner ring, and the middle ring rotates with the hub sleeve on the hub sleeve. The outer ring and the inner ring are supported by the synchronized gear in a state where a predetermined amount of relative rotation is allowed with respect to the synchronized gear. In addition, when the synchronization operation is performed, the synchronous gear is configured to rotate together with the synchronized gear without rotating relative to the synchronized gear.

  As a result, the time for the synchronization operation can be shortened, and a further lighter shift operation can be realized.

  When the synchronizer ring is of a triple cone type, it is preferable that the cover member covers all the axially synchronized gear sides of the outer ring, the middle ring, and the inner ring.

  In this way, when the hub sleeve moves backward to the neutral position, all of the outer ring, middle ring and inner ring can be smoothly moved in the axial direction of the rotating shaft. It is possible to suppress an increase in the operating force of the operation for returning the neutral position from the completion position of the shift operation.

  When the synchronizer ring is of a triple cone type, the outer ring is preferably supported by the synchronized gear via the inner ring.

  As a result, the triple-cone synchronizer ring can be easily arranged in a narrow space with a simple configuration.

  In the synchronization device for the manual transmission, a fitting portion for fitting a shift fork for sliding the hub sleeve in the axial direction with respect to the clutch hub is provided on an outer peripheral portion of the hub sleeve. The synchronous sliding surface on the hub sleeve side and the synchronous sliding surface on the synchronizer ring side are preferably located on the inner side in the radial direction than the fitting portion.

  Thus, the synchronizer ring and the cover member can be provided easily and compactly so as not to interfere with the shift fork.

  As described above, according to the manual transmission synchronizer of the present invention, the synchronous sliding surface on the hub sleeve side and the synchronous sliding surface on the synchronizer ring side are provided outside the sleeve spline in the radial direction of the rotating shaft. The hub sleeve is provided with a cover member that moves in the axial direction of the rotating shaft together with the hub sleeve and covers the synchronized gear side of the synchronizer ring, so that the change operation of the change lever of the driver of the vehicle is performed. The force can be reduced as much as possible, and the synchronizer ring can be returned to the initial position where the next synchronization operation can be appropriately performed when the hub sleeve moves backward to the neutral position.

It is sectional drawing which shows the synchronizer of the manual transmission which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is the figure which looked at the synchronizer ring from the hub sleeve side of the axial direction of a rotating shaft. It is the figure which looked at the protrusion part of the inner ring of a synchronizer ring, and the recessed part of a to-be-synchronized gear from the hub sleeve side of the axial direction of a rotating shaft. FIG. 4 is a view corresponding to FIG. 3, showing a state in which the protruding portion of the inner ring has moved to one end in the circumferential direction in the recessed portion of the synchronized gear. It is the figure which looked at the positional relationship of the protrusion part of an inner ring and the recessed part of a to-be-synchronized gear before the operation | movement of a synchronizer from the radial direction outer side of the to-be-synchronized gear. It is a figure which shows the positional relationship of the sleeve spline, thin cross spline, and gear spline before the operation | movement of a synchronizer. FIG. 6 is a view corresponding to FIG. 5 showing a state in which the protruding portion of the inner ring has moved to one end in the circumferential direction in the recessed portion of the synchronized gear. FIG. 7 is a view corresponding to FIG. 6 showing a state in which the inclined surface of the spline teeth of the thin cloth spline and the inclined surface of the spline teeth of the gear spline are in contact with each other.

FIG. 6 is a view corresponding to FIG. 5 showing a state in which the synchronized gear is rotated relative to the inner ring by contact between one inclined surface of the spline teeth of the thin cloth spline and one inclined surface of the spline teeth of the gear spline. FIG. 7 is a view corresponding to FIG. 6 showing a state in which the sleeve spline and the thin cross spline and the gear spline are engaged. FIG. 2 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 showing a state when a shift operation of a change lever by a vehicle driver is completed.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows a synchronization device 1 for a manual transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention. Although not shown, this manual transmission is mounted on a vehicle such as an automobile, and a primary shaft connected to the output shaft of the engine via a clutch, and a secondary shaft (parallel to the primary shaft) Counter shaft). Between these shafts, a plurality of forward gear stages are provided. These gear trains are always meshed gear trains in which a fixed gear fixed to one of the primary shaft and the secondary shaft and an idle gear that is loosely fitted to the other shaft are always meshed.

  The synchronization device 1 rotates between a synchronized gear 21 that is a free-wheeling gear in each forward gear stage and a rotary shaft 2 (the primary shaft or the secondary shaft) on which the synchronized gear 21 is provided. The synchronized gear 21 is rotated together with the rotating shaft 2 in synchronization. FIG. 1 shows a synchronizer 1 that synchronizes a synchronized gear 21 of a gear train for a certain gear (hereinafter referred to as a specific gear) and the rotating shaft 2. A through hole 21f through which the rotating shaft 2 passes is formed at the center of the synchronized gear 21. The inner diameter of the through hole 21f is larger than the diameter of the rotating shaft 2, and the synchronized gear 21 is rotated by the rotating shaft 2. (In FIG. 1, the diameter of the through hole 21f is drawn larger than the actual diameter). In FIG. 1, a line C indicated by a one-dot chain line is a center line of the rotating shaft 2, and only the upper half of the center line C of the rotating shaft 2 is shown in FIG. 1.

  The synchronizer 1 includes a clutch hub 3 fixed on the rotating shaft 2. The clutch hub 3 has an inner peripheral portion 3a, an outer peripheral portion 3b, and a connecting portion 3c that connects the inner peripheral portion 3a and the outer peripheral portion 3b. The inner peripheral portion 3a and the outer peripheral portion 3b are extended on both sides in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 2 (hereinafter simply referred to as the axial direction) rather than the connecting portion 3c.

  An inner peripheral surface of the clutch hub 3 (an inner peripheral surface of the inner peripheral portion 3 a) is fixed to the rotary shaft 2. A hub spline 4 that engages with a sleeve spline 8 to be described later is provided on the entire circumference of the outer peripheral surface of the clutch hub 3 (the outer peripheral surface of the outer peripheral portion 3b). The spline teeth 4a and spline grooves 4b of the hub spline 4 extend in the axial direction.

  A hub sleeve 7 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the clutch hub 3 (the outer peripheral side of the outer peripheral portion 3b). As with the clutch hub 3, the hub sleeve 7 also has an inner peripheral portion 7a, an outer peripheral portion 7b, and a connecting portion 7c that connects the inner peripheral portion 7a and the outer peripheral portion 7b. The inner peripheral portion 7a and the outer peripheral portion 7b of the hub sleeve 7 are also extended on both sides in the axial direction from the connecting portion 7c.

  A sleeve spline 8 is formed on the entire circumference of the inner circumferential surface of the hub sleeve 7 (the inner circumferential surface of the inner circumferential portion 7a). The spline teeth 8a and spline grooves 8b of the sleeve spline 8 also extend in the axial direction. Then, the engagement between the hub spline 4 and the sleeve spline 8 (the engagement between the spline teeth 4a of the hub spline 4 and the spline groove 8b of the sleeve spline 8 and the spline teeth of the hub spline 4 and the sleeve spline 8). The hub sleeve 7 is installed so as to be slidable in the axial direction with respect to the clutch hub 3 and not rotatable relative thereto.

  At the central portion in the axial direction on the outer peripheral surface of the outer peripheral portion 7b of the hub sleeve 7, the hub sleeve 7 is moved in the axial direction (in this embodiment, the synchronized gear 21 side (the right side of FIG. A fitting portion 7d is provided to which a shift fork (not shown) for sliding is fitted, and the fitting portion 7d has a groove shape over the entire circumferential direction of the outer peripheral surface of the outer peripheral portion 7b. When the change lever of the vehicle is in the neutral state, the entire axial direction of the sleeve spline 8 is in a position engaged with the entire axial direction of the hub spline 4, and the axial direction The connecting portion 7c of the hub sleeve 7 is located at substantially the same position as the connecting portion 3c of the clutch hub 3. The axial position of the hub sleeve 7 at this time is referred to as a neutral position, and the vehicle driver. As a result of the shift operation of the change lever from the neutral state to the specific gear position, the shift fork moves toward the synchronized gear 21 in the axial direction, so that the hub sleeve 7 is moved from the neutral position to the clutch hub 3. It slides (moves forward) toward the synchronized gear 21 in the axial direction.

  On the inner peripheral surface of the outer peripheral portion 7b of the hub sleeve 7 that extends toward the synchronized gear 21 in the axial direction, a synchronous sliding surface 7e having a cone surface is formed. The diameter of the synchronous sliding surface 7a is made larger as it is closer to the synchronized gear 21 in the axial direction.

  A synchronized gear 21 is disposed on one side (right side in FIG. 1) in the axial direction with respect to the clutch hub 3 on the rotary shaft 2 so as to be rotatable relative to the rotary shaft 2. A synchronizer ring 11 is disposed on the side of the synchronized gear 21 in the axial direction with respect to the hub sleeve 7. As will be described later, the synchronizer ring 11 is provided with a sync line 15 (see particularly FIG. 2). The spline teeth 15a and spline grooves 15b of the thin cloth spline 15 extend in the axial direction.

  The synchronized gear 21 has a tooth portion 21a that meshes with a tooth portion of the fixed gear. In the synchronized gear 21, an engagement portion 21 b that engages with a sleeve spline 8, a thin cross spline 15, and a protrusion 14 b of an inner ring 14 (to be described later) in the synchronizer ring 11 is provided on the clutch hub 3 side of the tooth portion 21 a. Is provided. In FIG. 2 (the view of the synchronizer ring 11 viewed from the axial hub sleeve 7 side), the engaging portion 21b (a concave portion 21c and a gear spline 22 described later) of the synchronized gear 21 is shown by a one-dot chain line. It shows with.

  As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, concave portions 21 c that are recessed from the peripheral side surface to the radially inner side of the synchronized gear 21 are formed at three locations on the peripheral side surface of the engaging portion 21 b. Each recessed portion 21c opens to the peripheral side surface of the engaging portion 21b and also opens to the end surface of the synchronized gear 21 on the clutch hub 3 side (also the end surface of the engaging portion 21b on the clutch hub 3 side). ing.

  Further, gear splines 22 are provided at three locations between the concave portions 21c adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction on the peripheral side surface of the engaging portion 21b. The spline teeth 22a and spline grooves 22b of the gear spline 22 extend in the axial direction. The gear spline 22 can be engaged with the sleeve spline 8 and the thin spline 15.

  When the hub sleeve 7 is in the neutral position, the sleeve spline 8 is not engaged with the gear spline 22. When the shift operation is completed, the sleeve spline 8 is engaged with both the hub spline 4 and the gear spline 22 so that the synchronized gear 21 rotates with the rotary shaft 2 via the clutch hub 3 and the hub sleeve 7. It will be. The axial position of the hub sleeve 7 at this time is referred to as a shift position (see FIG. 11). When the hub sleeve 7 is at the shift position, the thin spline 15 is also engaged with the gear spline 22. The position in the axial direction of the synchronizer ring 11 at this time is referred to as an engagement position.

  A spring accommodating groove 21d for accommodating a ring-shaped wire spring 24 is formed in a portion where the concave portion 21c is not opened on the end face of the synchronized gear 21 on the clutch hub 3 side (see FIGS. 1 and 3). ). The wire spring 24 preferably has a circular cross-section or an elliptical cross-section (the long axis is an ellipse extending in the axial direction or the radial direction of the rotary shaft 2), but the synchronizer ring 11 (the inner ring described later in detail). As long as it can be operated with respect to the 14 protrusions 14b) as described later, it may have any cross-sectional shape.

  Further, the radially inner portion of the synchronized gear 21 with respect to the end surface on the clutch hub 3 side of the synchronized gear 21 protrudes more toward the clutch hub 3 than the radially outer portion from the spring accommodating groove 21d. A retaining groove 21e is formed on the side peripheral surface of the projecting portion, and a wire spring 24 housed in the spring housing groove 21d is formed in the retaining housing groove 21e from the spring housing groove 21d. A ring-shaped retaining member 25 that prevents the retaining is fitted and fixed (see FIGS. 1 and 5 (the description of the retaining member 25 is omitted in FIGS. 3 and 4)).

  In the present embodiment, the synchronizer ring 11 is a triple cone type having an outer ring 12, a middle ring 13 and an inner ring 14 in this order from the outside in the radial direction. The middle ring 13 is sandwiched between the outer ring 12 and the inner ring 14, and is supported by the hub sleeve 7 so as to rotate together with the hub sleeve 7, and functions as the hub sleeve 7. The outer ring 12, the middle ring 13, and the inner ring 14 are located between the inner peripheral portion 7a and the outer peripheral portion 7b of the hub sleeve 7 except for the inner peripheral portion of the inner ring 14.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the middle ring 13 is fitted into fitting holes 7f formed in the connecting portion 7c of the hub sleeve 7 at three locations in the circumferential direction on the surface on the hub sleeve 7 side in the axial direction. A fitting projection 13a to be fixed is formed, and the middle ring 13 is rotated with the hub sleeve 7 to the hub sleeve 7 by fitting and fixing the fitting projection 13a to the fitting hole 7f. Will be supported. The outer peripheral surface and inner peripheral surface of the middle ring 13 are provided with cone-shaped outer peripheral side and inner peripheral side synchronous sliding surfaces 13b and 13c, respectively. These synchronous sliding surfaces 13b and 13c can be regarded as synchronous sliding surfaces provided on the hub sleeve 7 side. The diameters of the synchronous sliding surfaces 13b and 13c are also increased as the diameter is closer to the synchronized gear 21 in the axial direction.

  A cone-shaped outer peripheral side synchronous sliding surface 12 a corresponding to the synchronous sliding surface 7 e of the hub sleeve 7 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 12, and the outer peripheral surface of the middle ring 13 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 12. A cone-shaped inner peripheral side synchronous sliding surface 12b corresponding to the side synchronous sliding surface 13b is formed. Further, a cone-shaped synchronous sliding surface 14 a corresponding to the inner peripheral side synchronous sliding surface 13 c of the middle ring is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 14.

  At the time of the synchronous operation for synchronizing the rotation of the synchronized gear 21 with the rotation of the rotary shaft 2, a synchronous sliding surface on the hub sleeve 7 side (provided on the synchronous sliding surface 7e of the hub sleeve 7 itself and the hub sleeve 7 side). The outer peripheral side and inner peripheral side synchronous sliding surfaces 13b and 13c of the middle ring 13 and the synchronous sliding surface (outer ring) on the synchronizer ring 11 side. The outer peripheral side and inner peripheral side synchronous sliding surfaces 12 a and 12 b and the inner ring 14 synchronous sliding surface 14 a) slide in the circumferential direction of the synchronizer ring 11. That is, during the synchronous operation, the synchronous sliding surface 7e of the hub sleeve 7 and the outer peripheral side synchronous sliding surface 12a of the outer ring 12 slide, and the inner peripheral side synchronous sliding surface 12b of the outer ring 12 and The outer peripheral side synchronous sliding surface 13b of the middle ring 13 slides, and the inner peripheral side synchronous sliding surface 13c of the middle ring 13 and the synchronous sliding surface 14a of the inner ring 14 slide.

  In the present embodiment, the synchronous sliding surfaces 7e, 13b, 13c on the hub sleeve 7 side and the synchronous sliding surfaces 12a, 12b, 14a on the synchronizer ring 11 side are more than the sleeve spline 8 (specifically, the spline groove 8b). It is located on the outer side in the radial direction of the rotary shaft 2 and on the inner side in the radial direction of the rotary shaft 2 than the fitting portion 7d. In this way, the synchronous sliding surfaces 7e, 13b, 13c on the hub sleeve 7 side and the synchronous sliding surfaces 12a, 12b, 14a on the synchronizer ring 11 side are positioned on the outer side in the radial direction of the rotary shaft 2 with respect to the sleeve spline 8. Thus, the radius of the synchronous sliding surfaces 7e, 13b, 13c on the hub sleeve 7 side and the synchronous sliding surfaces 12a, 12b, 14a on the synchronizer ring 11 side can be increased, thereby shifting the change lever of the driver. The operating force can be reduced. On the other hand, when the synchronous sliding surfaces 7e, 13b, 13c on the hub sleeve 7 side and the synchronous sliding surfaces 12a, 12b, 14a on the synchronizer ring 11 side are positioned on the outer side in the radial direction of the rotary shaft 2 than the fitting portion 7d. In this case, it is difficult to provide the synchronizer ring 11 and a cover member 31 to be described later so as not to interfere with the shift fork while preventing the synchronizer 1 from becoming large, so that the diameter of the rotating shaft 2 is larger than the fitting portion 7d. It is located inside the direction. However, the synchronous sliding surfaces 7e, 13b, and 13c on the hub sleeve 7 side and the synchronous sliding surfaces 12a, 12b, and 14a on the synchronizer ring 11 side are positioned outside the fitting portion 7d in the radial direction of the rotary shaft 2. It is also possible to make it.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the inner peripheral side portion of the inner ring 14 is configured to cover the axially synchronized gear 21 side of the clutch hub 3 and the hub sleeve 7. Projecting portions 14 b that project inward in the radial direction of the inner ring 14 are formed at three locations on the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring 14 in the circumferential direction. Further, on the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring 14, thin cloth splines 15 are provided at three positions between the protrusions 14b adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction, and these three thin cloth lines 15 correspond to the three gear splines. 22 can be engaged with each other.

  Each protruding portion 14b enters the concave portion 21c from the opening of the concave portion 21c on the peripheral side surface of the engaging portion 21b, and then bends to the hub sleeve 7 side (clutch hub 3 side). From the opening of the recessed portion 21c on the end surface on the 3 side, the outer surface protrudes to the outside of the recessed portion 21c and extends to the radially inner side of the outer peripheral portion 3b of the clutch hub 3 and to a position near the connecting portion 3c.

  A portion from the bent portion to the tip of each protruding portion 14b is an axially extending portion 14c extending in the axial direction. A radially inner surface of the axially extending portion 14 c and an inclined surface 14 d formed at a corner of the bent portion connected to the surface are in contact with the wire spring 24. Thus, the inner ring 14 is supported by the synchronized gear 21 via the wire spring 24. The inclined surface 14d is inclined so as to be farther from the center line C of the rotating shaft 2 as it approaches the synchronized gear 21 in the axial direction.

  The circumferential width d1 of each protrusion 14b is smaller than the circumferential width d2 of the concave portion 21c of the synchronized gear 21 (see FIGS. 3 and 5), and the inner ring 14 is connected to the synchronized gear 21. Relative rotation of a predetermined amount (d2-d1) is allowed. Thus, the inner ring 14 is supported by the synchronized gear 21 in a state where the predetermined amount of relative rotation is allowed with respect to the synchronized gear 21.

  As shown in FIG. 2, projections 12 c projecting radially inward of the outer ring 12 are formed at three locations in the circumferential direction on the surface of the outer ring 12 on the synchronized gear 21 side in the axial direction. Each protrusion 12 c extends beyond the middle ring 13 to the position of the inner ring 14, and the tip of the protrusion 12 c is fixed to the inner ring 14. As a result, the outer ring 12 is supported by the synchronized gear 21 via the inner ring 14, and the outer ring 12 and the inner ring 14 are allowed to rotate relative to the synchronized gear 21 by the predetermined amount. It is supported by the synchronized gear 21.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the end of the spline teeth 15 a of the syncross spline 15 on the side of the synchronized gear 21 in the axial direction has two inclined surfaces when the spline teeth 15 a are viewed from the radially outer side of the synchronizer ring 11. It has a triangular pointed shape so that 15c is formed. Similarly, the end portion of the spline teeth 22a of the gear spline 22 on the synchronizer ring 11 side in the axial direction has a triangular shape so that two inclined surfaces 22c are formed, and the spline teeth of the sleeve spline 8 The end portion on the synchronized gear 21 side in the axial direction of 8a also has a triangular pointed shape so that two inclined surfaces 8c are formed.

  When the hub sleeve 7 is in the neutral position, the inclined surface 14d of the protrusion 14b of the inner ring 14 is in contact with the wire spring 24 (see FIG. 1). The axial position of the synchronizer ring 11 at this time is referred to as an initial position. In this initial position, the thin cross line 15 is located between the gear spline 22 and the sleeve spline 8 in the axial direction and is not engaged with the gear spline 22. When the inclined surface 14d is in contact with the wire spring 24, the wire spring 24 applies almost no force to the inclined surface 14d.

  When the hub sleeve 7 slides (moves forward) from the neutral position toward the synchronized gear 21 in the axial direction with respect to the clutch hub 3, the synchronizer ring 11 is also pushed by the hub sleeve 7 and is covered in the axial direction. Move to the synchronous gear 21 side. At the initial stage of the movement of the synchronizer ring 11, a portion corresponding to the protruding portion 14b of the wire spring 24 is pressed radially inward by the inclined surface 14d of the protruding portion 14b, and the wire spring 24 is moved as shown in FIG. Then, it comes into contact with the radially inner surface of the axially extending portion 14c. As a result, a slight brake is applied to the rotation of the inner ring 14, and the protrusion 14b is relatively moved in the concave portion 21c of the synchronized gear 21 rotating by meshing with the fixed gear. , It moves to one end (the right end in FIG. 4) in the circumferential direction in the concave portion 21c. After the protruding portion 14b moves to one end in the concave portion 21c, the inner ring 14 (and the outer ring 12) does not rotate relative to the synchronized gear 21 but rotates with the synchronized gear 21. Become.

  In FIG. 4, since the synchronized gear 21 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow, the protruding portion 14b moves to the right end in the recessed portion 21c, but the synchronized gear 21 is different from FIG. When rotating in the reverse direction, the protrusion 14b moves to the left end in the concave portion 21c. If the brake is slightly applied to the rotation of the inner ring 14 in this way, the protruding portion 14b moves to one or the other end in the concave portion 21c, so that the urging force of the wire spring 24 can be considerably small. The urging force of 24 does not affect the shifting operation force of the driver's change lever.

  When the projecting portion 14b moves to the one end in the concave portion 21c, the positional relationship in the circumferential direction between the spline teeth 15a of the thin cloth spline 15 and the spline teeth 22a of the gear spline 22 is determined by the spline teeth 15a of the thin cloth spline 15. The one inclined surface 15c of the two inclined surfaces 15c and the one inclined surface 22c of the two inclined surfaces 22c of the spline teeth 22a of the gear spline 22 are in a positional relationship that allows contact (see FIG. 8). As a result, the spline teeth 22a of the gear spline 22 do not suddenly enter the spline grooves 15b of the thin spline 15 before the synchronous operation. On the other hand, when the projecting portion 14b moves to the other end in the concave portion 21c, the circumferential positional relationship between the spline teeth 15a of the thin cloth spline 15 and the spline teeth 22a of the gear spline 22 is the spline tooth of the thin cloth spline 15. The other inclined surface 15c of the two inclined surfaces 15c of 15a and the other inclined surface 22c of the two inclined surfaces 22c of the spline teeth 22a of the gear spline 22 are brought into contact with each other. In this way, even if the protruding portion 14b moves to one end or the other end in the concave portion 21c, the inclined surface 15c of the spline tooth 15a of the thin cloth spline 15 and the inclination of the spline tooth 22a of the gear spline 22 are inclined. The predetermined amount is set so that the surface 22c can be brought into contact with the surface 22c.

  A ring-shaped cover member 31 that covers the axially synchronized gear 21 side of the thin cloth line 11 is provided on the outer peripheral portion 7 b of the hub sleeve 7. The outer peripheral edge portion of the cover member 31 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the outer peripheral portion 7b of the hub sleeve 7 and the end surface on the synchronized gear 21 side, and extends inward in the radial direction of the rotary shaft 2 from the fixed portion. ing. The cover member 31 covers all of the outer ring 12, middle ring 13, and inner ring 14 of the thin cloth spline 11 in the axially synchronized gear 21 side. Since the cover member 31 is fixed to the hub sleeve 7, the cover member 31 moves in the axial direction together with the hub sleeve 7. When the hub sleeve 7 moves backward from the shift position to the neutral position, the cover member 31 returns the synchronizer ring 11 from the engagement position to the initial position where the next synchronization operation can be appropriately performed. Is. The cover member 31 may cover the axially synchronized gear 21 side of only the outer ring 12, or may cover the axially synchronized gear 21 side of only the outer ring 12 and the middle ring 13. It may be.

  Next, the operation of the synchronization device 1 configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 5 to 11. 5 to 11 is the axial direction, and the Y direction is the circumferential direction of the synchronized gear 21.

  Before the operation of the synchronizer 1, as shown in FIG. 1, the hub sleeve 7 is in the neutral position, and the synchronizer ring 11 is in the initial position. Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, the sleeve spline 8 and the thin cross spline 15 and the gear spline 22 are in a disengaged state. Further, the position in the circumferential direction of the protruding portion 14 b of the inner ring 14 within the concave portion 21 c of the synchronized gear 21 is not determined.

  When the shift operation from the neutral state of the change lever to the specific gear stage is performed by the driver, the hub sleeve 7 is moved from the neutral position to the clutch hub 3 via the shift fork so as to be interlocked with the shift operation. On the other hand, it slides (moves forward) toward the synchronized gear 21 in the axial direction. When the hub sleeve 7 is moved forward, the synchronizer ring 11 is also moved toward the synchronized gear 21 in the axial direction. That is, the protrusion 14b of the inner ring 14 moves to the tooth portion 21a side in the concave portion 21c. In the initial stage of the movement of the projecting portion 14b, as described above, the portion corresponding to the projecting portion 14b of the wire spring 24 is pressed radially inward by the inclined surface 14d of the projecting portion 14b, and the wire spring 24 is axially moved. It comes to contact | abut to the surface inside the radial direction of the extension part 14c, and, thereby, the protrusion part 14b moves relatively within the recessed part 21c of the to-be-synchronized gear 21, and the circumferential direction in the recessed part 21c Move to one end (see FIG. 7). 7 and 8 indicate the rotation direction of the synchronized gear 21.

  When the hub sleeve 7 further moves forward toward the synchronized gear 21 side, as shown in FIG. 8, one inclined surface 15c of the spline teeth 15a of the thin spline 15 and one inclined surface 22c of the spline teeth 22a of the gear spline 22 Will be in contact. At this time, the sleeve spline 8 and the thin cross spline 15 and the gear spline 22 are still in a disengaged state. In this state, the synchronous sliding surfaces 7e, 13b, 13c on the hub sleeve 7 side and the synchronous sliding surfaces 12a, 12b, 14a on the synchronizer ring 11 side slide in the circumferential direction of the synchronizer ring 11, thereby A synchronization operation for synchronizing the rotation of the synchronization gear 21 with the rotation of the rotary shaft 2 is executed. During the execution of this synchronization operation, the inner ring 14 (and the outer ring 12) rotates with the synchronized gear 21 without rotating relative to the synchronized gear 21. The middle ring 13 rotates together with the rotating shaft 2 via the clutch hub 3 and the hub sleeve 7. By executing the synchronization operation, the synchronized gear 21 and the hub sleeve 7 (rotary shaft 2) rotate at the same rotational speed.

  When the hub sleeve 7 further moves forward toward the synchronized gear 21 side after the synchronization operation is performed, one inclined surface 15c of the spline teeth 15a of the thin cloth spline 15 and one inclined surface of the spline teeth 22a of the gear spline 22 are obtained. By contact with 22c, the synchronized gear 21 rotates relative to the inner ring 14 in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 9, and the spline groove 15b of the thin spline 15 and the spline teeth 22a of the gear spline 22 are aligned ( Positioning of the synchronizer ring 11 in the circumferential direction) is performed. As a result, the gear spline 22 and the thin spline 15 are engaged, and immediately thereafter, the gear spline 22 and the sleeve spline 8 are engaged (see FIG. 10). Immediately before the engagement between the gear spline 22 and the sleeve spline 8, depending on the positional relationship between the spline teeth 8a of the sleeve spline 8 and the spline teeth 22a of the gear spline 22, the inclined surface 8c of the spline teeth 8a of the sleeve spline 8 is determined. And the inclined surface 22c of the spline teeth 22a of the gear spline 22 come into contact with each other, and the spline grooves 8b of the sleeve spline 8 and the spline teeth 22a of the gear spline 22 are aligned.

  When the shift operation by the driver is completed, as shown in FIG. 11, the hub sleeve 7 is located at the shift position, and the synchronizer ring 11 is located at the engagement position. At this time, the sleeve spline 8 is engaged with the gear spline 22 while being engaged with the hub spline 4. As a result, the rotary shaft 2 and the synchronized gear 21 rotate integrally, and a gear train for a specific gear stage is provided between the rotary shaft 2 and another rotary shaft to which the fixed gear is fixed. It becomes possible to transmit power via.

  When the driver performs an operation of returning the change lever from the completion position of the shift operation to the neutral state, the hub sleeve 7 moves backward to the neutral position via the shift fork. At this time, assuming that the cover member 31 is not provided on the hub sleeve 7, the synchronizer ring 11 may remain in the engagement position, and the next synchronization operation may not be performed properly. Get higher. The restoring force of the wire spring 24 is a force that presses the synchronizer ring 11 outward in the radial direction, does not act in a direction to return the synchronizer ring 11 to the initial position, and the restoring force of the wire spring 24 is also Since it is weak, the synchronizer ring 11 does not return to the initial position by the restoring force of the wire spring 24.

  Here, as in Patent Document 1, the restoring force of the wire spring 24 is applied in such a direction as to return the synchronizer ring 11 to the initial position, and the synchronizer ring 11 is moved by the restoring force of the wire spring 24. When it is configured to return to the initial position, it is necessary to increase the restoring force of the wire spring 24 in order to reliably return the synchronizer ring 11 to the initial position. When the restoring force of the wire spring 24 is increased in this manner, the shift operation force of the change lever is increased, and there is a high possibility that the driver cannot perform a smooth shift operation.

  However, in this embodiment, when the hub sleeve 7 moves backward to the neutral position, the cover member 31 provided on the hub sleeve 7 causes the synchronizer ring 11 to appropriately perform the next synchronization operation. It can be returned to. Thereby, an urging means such as a spring for returning the synchronizer ring 11 to the initial position is not required, or the urging force of the urging means can be reduced. Thus, the biasing means becomes unnecessary, or the biasing force of the biasing means can be reduced, so that the synchronous sliding surfaces 7e, 13b, 13c on the hub sleeve 7 side and the synchronous sliding surface 12a on the synchronizer ring 11 side are provided. , 12b, 14a are provided on the radially outer side of the rotary shaft 2 with respect to the sleeve spline 8, and the shift operating force of the driver's change lever can be reduced as much as possible. The driver will be able to lightly shift the change lever.

  Further, since the cover member 31 covers all of the outer ring 12, the middle ring 13 and the inner ring 14 of the thin cloth spline 11 in the axially synchronized gear 21 side, the hub sleeve 7 moves backward to the neutral position. The outer ring 12, the middle ring 13 and the inner ring 14 can be smoothly moved in the axial direction. As a result, the driver can return the change lever from the completion position of the shift operation to the neutral state. An increase in operating force can be suppressed.

  The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, and can be substituted without departing from the spirit of the claims.

  For example, in the above embodiment, the synchronizer ring 11 is a triple cone type, but is not limited thereto, and may be a single cone type or a double cone type.

  The above-described embodiments are merely examples, and the scope of the present invention should not be interpreted in a limited manner. The scope of the present invention is defined by the scope of the claims, and all modifications and changes belonging to the equivalent scope of the claims are within the scope of the present invention.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is useful for a manual transmission synchronization device, and particularly useful for reducing the shift operation force of a change lever of a vehicle driver.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Synchronizer of manual transmission 2 Rotating shaft 3 Clutch hub 4 Hub spline 7 Hub sleeve 7d Fitting part 7e Synchronous sliding surface 8 Sleeve spline 11 Synchronizer ring 12 Outering 12a Outer peripheral side synchronous sliding surface 12b Inner peripheral side synchronous sliding Moving surface 13 Middle ring 13b Outer peripheral side synchronous sliding surface 13c Inner peripheral side synchronous sliding surface 14 Inner ring 14a Synchronous sliding surface 15 Thin cross spline 21 Synchronized gear 22 Gear spline 31 Cover member

Claims (5)

A manual transmission synchronizer,
A clutch hub fixed on the rotary shaft;
A hub sleeve provided on the outer peripheral side of the clutch hub so as to be slidable relative to the clutch hub in the axial direction of the rotary shaft and not relatively rotatable, and having a sleeve spline formed on the inner peripheral surface;
A synchronized gear provided on one side of the axial direction with respect to the clutch hub on the rotary shaft, and provided with a gear spline that is relatively rotatable with respect to the rotary shaft and engageable with the sleeve spline; ,
A synchronizer ring provided on the side of the axially synchronized gear with respect to the hub sleeve and provided with a synchro-spline engageable with the gear spline,
When the hub sleeve slides toward the synchronized gear in the axial direction with respect to the clutch hub, the synchronization device is in a non-engaged state of the sleeve spline and the thin spline and the gear spline. The synchronous sliding surface provided on the hub sleeve side and the synchronous sliding surface provided on the synchronizer ring side slide with each other to synchronize the rotation of the synchronized gear with the rotation of the rotating shaft. An operation is performed, and the sleeve spline and the thin cross spline are engaged with the gear spline after the synchronization operation is performed,
The synchronous sliding surface on the hub sleeve side and the synchronous sliding surface on the synchronizer ring side are located on the outer side in the radial direction of the rotating shaft from the sleeve spline,
A synchronization device for a manual transmission, further comprising a cover member provided on the hub sleeve and moving in the axial direction together with the hub sleeve and covering the synchronized gear side of the synchronizer ring in the axial direction. . The synchronization device for a manual transmission according to claim 1,
The synchronizer ring is a triple cone type having an outer ring, a middle ring and an inner ring,
The middle ring is supported by the hub sleeve so as to rotate together with the hub sleeve, and serves as the hub sleeve.
The outer ring and the inner ring are supported by the synchronized gear in a state in which a predetermined amount of relative rotation is allowed with respect to the synchronized gear, and when the synchronized operation is performed, the synchronized gear is A synchronizer for a manual transmission, wherein the synchronizer is configured to rotate with the gear to be synchronized without rotating relative to the gear. The synchronization device for a manual transmission according to claim 2,
The synchronizing device for a manual transmission, wherein the cover member covers all the axially synchronized gear sides of the outer ring, the middle ring, and the inner ring. The synchronization device for a manual transmission according to claim 2 or 3,
The synchronizer for a manual transmission, wherein the outer ring is supported by the synchronized gear through the inner ring. In the synchronizing device of the manual transmission as described in any one of Claims 1-4,
On the outer peripheral portion of the hub sleeve, a fitting portion for fitting a shift fork for sliding the hub sleeve in the axial direction with respect to the clutch hub is provided.
The synchronization device for a manual transmission, wherein the synchronous sliding surface on the hub sleeve side and the synchronous sliding surface on the synchronizer ring side are located on the inner side in the radial direction than the fitting portion.

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