JP2017197654A - 研磨剤、研磨剤セット及び基体の研磨方法 - Google Patents
研磨剤、研磨剤セット及び基体の研磨方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2017197654A JP2017197654A JP2016089399A JP2016089399A JP2017197654A JP 2017197654 A JP2017197654 A JP 2017197654A JP 2016089399 A JP2016089399 A JP 2016089399A JP 2016089399 A JP2016089399 A JP 2016089399A JP 2017197654 A JP2017197654 A JP 2017197654A
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- polishing
- abrasive
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Abstract
Description
本明細書において、「工程」との語は、独立した工程だけではなく、他の工程と明確に区別できない場合であってもその工程の所期の作用が達成されれば、本用語に含まれる。
本実施形態に係る研磨剤は、研磨時に被研磨面に触れる組成物であり、例えばCMP用研磨剤である。具体的には、本実施形態に係る研磨剤は、水と、4価金属元素の水酸化物を含む砥粒と、ノニオン性化合物と、カチオン性化合物と、五員環イミド構造を有する化合物と、を少なくとも含有する。以下、必須成分、及び、任意に添加できる成分について説明する。
本実施形態に係る研磨剤は、4価金属元素の水酸化物を含む砥粒を含有する。前記4価金属元素の水酸化物を含む砥粒は、シリカ又はセリアからなる従来の砥粒と比較して、絶縁材料(例えば酸化珪素)との反応性が高く、絶縁材料を高研磨速度で研磨できる。本実施形態に係る研磨剤において、4価金属元素の水酸化物を含む砥粒と併用することのできる他の砥粒としては、シリカ粒子、アルミナ粒子、セリア粒子等が挙げられる。また、4価金属元素の水酸化物を含む砥粒として、4価金属元素の水酸化物粒子とシリカ粒子との複合粒子等を用いることもできる。
本実施形態に係る研磨剤は、研磨剤の媒体として、水を含有する。水としては、特に制限されないが、脱イオン水、イオン交換水、超純水等が好ましい。
本実施形態に係る研磨剤は、添加剤を含有する。ここで、「添加剤」とは、研磨速度、研磨選択性等の研磨特性;砥粒の分散性、保存安定性等の研磨剤特性などを調整するために、水及び砥粒以外に研磨剤が含有する物質を指す。
本実施形態に係る研磨剤は、第一の添加剤として、ノニオン性化合物を含有する。
H−(O−R13)n1−O−R11−R15−R12−O−(R14−O)n2−H…(a)
本実施形態に係る研磨剤は、第二の添加剤として、カチオン性化合物を含有する。
本実施形態に係る研磨剤は、第三の添加剤として、五員環イミド構造を有する化合物を含有する。五員環イミドは、5つの原子が環状に結合した環状イミドである。五員環イミド構造を有する化合物は、例えば、その骨格の一部又は全部に五員環イミド構造を有する。五員環イミド構造を有する化合物の具体例は、スクシンイミド骨格を有する化合物、フタルイミド骨格を有する化合物及びマレイミド骨格を有する化合物を含む。
本実施形態に係る研磨剤は、研磨速度等の研磨特性;砥粒の分散性、保存安定性等の研磨剤特性などを調整する目的で、前記第一の添加剤、前記第二の添加剤及び前記第三の添加剤の他に、その他の添加剤を更に含有していてもよい。その他の添加剤としては、例えば、カルボン酸、アミノ酸、水溶性高分子、並びに後述するpH調整剤及び緩衝液が挙げられる。これらは、一種類を単独で又は二種類以上を組み合わせて使用できる。
本実施形態に係る研磨剤のpHの下限は、絶縁材料(例えば酸化珪素)の研磨速度を更に向上させる観点から、3.0以上が好ましく、3.5以上がより好ましく、4.0以上が更に好ましく、4.5以上が特に好ましい。研磨剤のpHの上限は、絶縁材料(例えば酸化珪素)の研磨速度を更に向上させる観点から、9.0以下が好ましく、8.5以下がより好ましく、8.0以下が更に好ましく、7.5以下が特に好ましい。上記の観点から、研磨剤のpHは、3.0以上9.0以下がより好ましい。pHは液温25℃におけるpHと定義する。
本実施形態に係る基体の研磨方法は、前記一液式研磨剤を用いて基体の被研磨面を研磨する研磨工程を備えていてもよく、前記研磨剤セットにおけるスラリと添加液を混合して得られる研磨剤を用いて基体の被研磨面を研磨する研磨工程を備えていてもよい。本実施形態に係る基体の研磨方法において、被研磨面は、例えば、酸化珪素を含んでいてもよい。すなわち、本実施形態に係る基体の研磨方法は、前記研磨剤を用いて基体の被研磨面を研磨する工程を備え、前記被研磨面が酸化珪素を含む方法であってもよく、前記研磨剤セットにおける前記第一の液と前記第二の液とを混合して得られる研磨剤を用いて基体の被研磨面を研磨する工程を備え、前記被研磨面が酸化珪素を含む方法であってもよい。
7.603Lの水を容器に入れた後、濃度50質量%の硝酸セリウムアンモニウム水溶液(化学式:Ce(NH4)2(NO3)6、式量:548.2、日本化学産業株式会社製、製品名:50%CAN液)を0.715L加えて混合した。その後、液温を40℃に調整して金属塩水溶液(金属塩濃度:0.114mol/L)を得た。
[実施例1]
ノニオン性材料(ノニオン性化合物)として2,2−ビス(4−ポリオキシアルキレン−オキシフェニル)プロパンであるBAP4−30H[日本乳化剤株式会社製]10.00gと、脱イオン水188.67gとを混合した。次いで、水溶性高分子材料(水溶性高分子)として顔料親和性官能基を持つ変性ポリマー水溶液であるTego Dispers 755W[エボニック・ジャパン株式会社]1.00gを加えた。次いで、カチオン性材料(カチオン性化合物)としてジアリルジメチルアンモニウムクロライドアクリルアミド共重合体であるHP−117A[センカ株式会社]0.15gを加えた。次いで、五員環イミド構造を有する化合物としてスクシンイミド[東京化成工業株式会社]0.10gを加えた。次に、pH調整剤として1,3,5−トリス(ジメチルアミノプロピル)ヘキサヒドロ−1,3,5−トリアジンであるTDAHトリアジン(三井化学ファイン株式会社)0.08gを加えて、添加剤用貯蔵液200.00gを得た。
スクシンイミドをN−ヒドロキシスクシンイミド[東京化成工業株式会社]に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、表1に記載される組成のCMP用研磨剤2000.00gを調製した。当該CMP用研磨剤は、セリウム水酸化物を含む砥粒を0.05質量%、ノニオン性化合物を0.5質量%、カチオン性化合物を0.003質量%、N−ヒドロキシスクシンイミドを0.005質量%、水溶性高分子を0.02質量%、含有する。
スクシンイミドをフタルイミド[東京化成工業株式会社]に変更したこと、及びTDAHトリアジンの添加量を0.12gに変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、表1に記載される組成のCMP用研磨剤2000.00gを調製した。当該CMP用研磨剤は、セリウム水酸化物を含む砥粒を0.05質量%、ノニオン性化合物を0.5質量%、カチオン性化合物を0.003質量%、フタルイミドを0.005質量%、水溶性高分子を0.02質量%、含有する。
スクシンイミドを酢酸[和光純薬工業株式会社]に変更したこと、及びTDAHトリアジンの添加量を0.16gに変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、表1に記載される組成のCMP用研磨剤2000.00gを調製した。当該CMP用研磨剤は、セリウム水酸化物を含む砥粒を0.05質量%、ノニオン性化合物を0.5質量%、カチオン性化合物を0.003質量%、酢酸を0.005質量%、水溶性高分子を0.02質量%、含有する。
スクシンイミドを4−アミノ安息香酸[和光純薬工業株式会社]に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、表1に記載される組成のCMP用研磨剤2000.00gを調製した。当該CMP用研磨剤は、セリウム水酸化物を含む砥粒を0.05質量%、ノニオン性化合物を0.5質量%、カチオン性化合物を0.003質量%、4−アミノ安息香酸を0.005質量%、水溶性高分子を0.02質量%、含有する。
スクシンイミドをグリシルグリシン[和光純薬工業株式会社]に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、表1に記載される組成のCMP用研磨剤2000.00gを調製した。当該CMP用研磨剤は、セリウム水酸化物を含む砥粒を0.05質量%、ノニオン性化合物を0.5質量%、カチオン性化合物を0.003質量%、グリシルグリシンを0.005質量%、水溶性高分子を0.02質量%、含有する。
スクシンイミドをε−カプロラクタム[和光純薬工業株式会社]に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、表1に記載される組成のCMP用研磨剤2000.00gを調製した。当該CMP用研磨剤は、セリウム水酸化物を含む砥粒を0.05質量%、ノニオン性化合物を0.5質量%、カチオン性化合物を0.003質量%、ε−カプロラクタムを0.005質量%、水溶性高分子を0.02質量%、含有する。
スクシンイミドをジエチレントリアミン五酢酸[東京化成工業株式会社]に変更したこと、及びTDAHトリアジンの添加量を0.12gに変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、表1に記載される組成のCMP用研磨剤2000.00gを調製した。当該CMP用研磨剤は、セリウム水酸化物を含む砥粒を0.05質量%、ノニオン性化合物を0.5質量%、カチオン性化合物を0.003質量%、ジエチレントリアミン五酢酸を0.005質量%、水溶性高分子を0.02質量%、含有する。
前記で得られたCMP用研磨剤のpHを下記の条件で評価した。
測定温度:25±5℃
測定装置:電気化学計器株式会社製、型番:PHL−40
測定方法:標準緩衝液(フタル酸塩pH緩衝液、pH:4.01(25℃);中性リン酸塩pH緩衝液、pH:6.86(25℃))を用いて2点校正した後、電極をCMP用研磨剤に入れて、2分以上経過して安定した後のpHを前記測定装置により測定した。
実施例1〜3、比較例1〜5のCMP用研磨剤(研磨液)を用いて、窒化珪素(ストッパ材料)膜を有する基板と、酸化珪素(絶縁材料)膜を有する基板のそれぞれを下記研磨条件で研磨した。
・研磨装置:F−REX300(株式会社荏原製作所製)
・CMP用研磨液流量:200mL/min
・被研磨基板:パターンが形成されていないブランケットウエハとして、厚さ200nmの窒化珪素膜をシリコン基板上にCVD法で形成した基板と、厚さ1000nmの酸化珪素膜をシリコン基板上にプラズマCVD法で形成した基板とを用いた。
・研磨パッド:多孔質ウレタン樹脂(溝形状=パーフォレートタイプ:Rohm and Haas社製、型番:IC1000、ショアD硬度=60)
・研磨圧力:30.0kPa
・基板の回転速度:107min−1
・研磨定盤の回転速度:100min−1
・研磨時間:1min
・洗浄:CMP処理後、PVCブラシによる洗浄を行った後、スピンドライヤで乾燥させた。
[ブランケットウエハ研磨速度]
前記条件で研磨及び洗浄した各被研磨膜(窒化珪素膜、酸化珪素膜)の研磨速度(窒化珪素膜の研磨速度:SiNRR、酸化珪素膜の研磨速度:SiO2RR)を下記式より求めた。なお、研磨前後での被研磨膜の膜厚差は、光干渉式膜厚装置(フィルメトリクス社製、商品名:F80)を用いて求めた。また、これらの研磨速度比(研磨選択比、研磨選択性)SiO2RR/SiNRRを求めた。
(研磨速度:RR)=(研磨前後での被研磨膜の膜厚差(nm))/(研磨時間(min))
A1:2,2−ビス(4−ポリオキシアルキレン−オキシフェニル)プロパン(日本乳化剤株式会社製BAP4−30H)
B1:ジアリルジメチルアンモニウムクロライドアクリルアミド共重合体(センカ株式会社製HP−117A)
C1:スクシンイミド(東京化成工業株式会社製)
C2:N−ヒドロキシスクシンイミド(東京化成工業株式会社製)
C3:フタルイミド(東京化成工業株式会社製)
C4:酢酸(和光純薬工業株式会社製)
C5:4−アミノ安息香酸(和光純薬工業株式会社)
C6:グリシルグリシン(和光純薬工業株式会社)
C7:ε−カプロラクタム(和光純薬工業株式会社)
C8:ジエチレントリアミン五酢酸(東京化成工業株式会社)
D1:顔料親和性官能基を持つ変性ポリマー水溶液(エボニック・ジャパン株式会社製Tego Dispers 755W)
E1:1,3,5−トリス(ジメチルアミノプロピル)ヘキサヒドロ−1,3,5−トリアジン(三井化学ファイン株式会社製TDAHトリアジン)
Claims (11)
- 水と、4価金属元素の水酸化物を含む砥粒と、ノニオン性化合物と、カチオン性化合物と、五員環イミド構造を有する化合物とを含有する、研磨剤。
- 前記五員環イミド構造を有する化合物が、スクシンイミド、N−ヒドロキシスクシンイミド、フタルイミド及びN−ヒドロキシフタルイミドからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種である、請求項1又は2に記載の研磨剤。
- 前記4価金属元素が4価セリウムである、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の研磨剤。
- 前記ノニオン性化合物の含有量が前記研磨剤の全質量を基準として0.005質量%以上である、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の研磨剤。
- 前記カチオン性化合物の含有量が前記研磨剤の全質量を基準として0.0001質量%以上である、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の研磨剤。
- 前記五員環イミド構造を有する化合物の含有量が前記研磨剤の全質量を基準として0.0001質量%以上である、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の研磨剤。
- 酸化珪素を含む被研磨面を研磨するために使用される、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の研磨剤。
- 請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の研磨剤の構成成分が第一の液と第二の液とに分けて保存され、前記第一の液が前記砥粒及び水を含み、前記第二の液が前記ノニオン性化合物、前記カチオン性化合物、前記五員環イミド構造を有する化合物及び水を含む、研磨剤セット。
- 請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の研磨剤を用いて基体の被研磨面を研磨する工程を備え、前記被研磨面が酸化珪素を含む、基体の研磨方法。
- 請求項9に記載の研磨剤セットにおける前記第一の液と前記第二の液とを混合して得られる研磨剤を用いて基体の被研磨面を研磨する工程を備え、前記被研磨面が酸化珪素を含む、基体の研磨方法。
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