JP2017190667A - Improvement method for water bottom ground, operation ship, and inner bucket pressure controlling system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce improved soil without taking sea bottom soil on a ship or the land, that is to produce improved soil in seawater even in a case where excavated soil from sea bottom ground contains polluted soil.SOLUTION: There is provided an improvement method for water bottom ground using an operation ship, which comprises a step of digging water bottom ground with a tip of a bucket arranged in an elevatable manner, and a step of taking excavated soil into the bucket under a state where water is disturbed from flowing into the bucket. In addition, the sea bottom soil is taken into after discharge of seawater in the bucket, and containing of excessive water is suppressed upon mixing with improvement material so as to stabilize quality of the improved soil produced. Furthermore, the stirring/mixing are carried out under a state where the bucket is sealed so as to further stabilize quality of the improved soil produced in the bucket. In addition, the improvement material is charged into the bucket via a bucket supply path independently from the state (solid/powder/liquid) of the improvement material.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 21A

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for improving water bottom ground including sea bottom soft ground, and specifically to a construction method for construction such as water bottom ground improvement and water bottom environment improvement. The present invention also relates to a work ship (ground improvement ship) suitable for carrying out this construction method, a bucket internal pressure control system, and a bucket structure.

  Conventionally, various constructions have been performed on the seabed ground for the purpose of improving the seabed ground and the seabed environment. For example, when constructing a submerged dike on the seabed, construction is carried out according to the flow illustrated in FIG.

  In submerged dike construction, there is an example in which dredged soil (excavated sediment) is effectively used. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 35, dredging (excavation) is performed using a grab dredger, dredged soil (excavation sediment) taken into the grab is lifted, and then dumped to an earth transport ship. Subsequently, the modified soil is produced using dredged soil.

  In order to manufacture the modified soil using dredged soil by a conventional method, the dredged soil is transported by using a ship or tug and is adjoined to a quay or a trolley. Backhoes, reformers, etc. are prepared in advance on quays, trolleys, etc., and the reformers are added to the dredged sand and stirred using the backhoes. The modified soil produced in this way is transported to the sea at the construction site of a submerged dike using a ship or tug. The above-mentioned “transportation of dredged soil”, “manufacture of modified soil”, and “transportation of manufactured modified soil” are repeated as many times as necessary.

  On the other hand, modified soil (mixed with dredged material added to dredged soil) that has been transported to the sea at the construction site of a submerged dike using a clay ship or tugboat is used by a tremy ship or grab ship. To the submarine ground at the construction site.

  As described above, in the conventional method, when using the dredged soil to produce the modified soil, the modified soil cannot be produced in the seawater at the dredging place, and the dredged soil is unloaded on the sea surface. It was necessary to transport and work near quays and trolleys.

  In other words, in the conventional construction method, the process of unloading dredged sand on the sea surface and the process of transporting it to the vicinity of a quay or a trolley are remarkably complicated, resulting in high construction costs and a long construction period. There was a problem such as.

  Therefore, in view of the above-described problems, the object of the present invention is a method for improving the bottom of the ground, which requires fewer steps than before, and enables construction at a low cost and a short construction period, and is suitable for carrying out this method. The object is to provide a work ship (ground improvement ship), a pressure control system in a bucket, and a bucket structure.

The above purpose is a method for improving the bottom of the ground using a work ship,
A process of excavating the bottom of the ground at the tip of a bucket that can be raised and lowered;
Taking the excavated earth and sand into the bucket in a state where the inflow of water into the bucket is prevented;
It is achieved by a method for improving a submarine ground characterized by comprising:

The above object is a method for improving the bottom of the ground using a work ship,
A process of excavating the bottom of the ground at the tip of a bucket that can be raised and lowered;
Discharging water from the bucket;
Taking the excavated earth and sand into the bucket;
It is achieved by a method for improving a submarine ground characterized by comprising:

  The method further includes a step of refilling the excavation hole generated by excavation by the bucket.

  The method further includes the step of agitating and mixing the excavated earth and sand taken into the bucket with the improving material in the bucket without being pumped onto the water.

  Further, in the above method, the improving material is fed into the underwater bucket through the bucket feeding path.

  The method further includes a step of discharging the improved soil obtained by stirring and mixing the excavated soil and the improved material in the bucket toward the excavated water bottom ground.

  In the above method, the inflow of water into the bucket is prevented by the compressed air sent into the bucket.

  Moreover, in the said method, when taking in excavation earth and sand in a bucket, the compressed air in a bucket is exhausted outside the bucket.

  The method further includes the step of moving the work ship by operating an anchor wire connected to the work ship.

  In the above method, the improving material is, for example, any one of a modifying material, a purifying material, and an insolubilizing material.

In addition, the above-mentioned purpose is
Excavation means for excavating underwater ground;
This is achieved by a work boat having a bucket that is provided so as to be able to be raised and lowered and that takes in excavated earth and sand in a state in which the inflow of water is prevented.

  The work boat further includes a pump for pumping compressed air into the bucket to prevent water from flowing into the bucket.

  Moreover, the said work ship further has the supply path for buckets for sending the improvement material which stirs and mixes with respect to the excavation earth and sand taken in in the bucket in the said bucket.

In the above work boat, the bucket feeding path is
A material holding part capable of temporarily holding the improved material to be delivered to the bucket;
A material guide part located below the material holding part and leading to the bucket;
A control valve provided between the material holding part and the material guide part,
In the valve-closed state, the improvement material is held in the material holding portion of the bucket feeding path,
In the valve open state, the improvement material is sent out from the material holding portion of the bucket feeding path and is sent into the bucket through the material guide portion.

  Moreover, in the said work ship, the control valve is provided so that it may operate | move using the air pressure in a bucket.

The above work boat
A bypass for guiding the air pressure in the bucket used for the operation of the control valve to the material holding part of the bucket feeding path;
A second control valve provided in the bypass for controlling the timing at which the control valve operates;
It has further.

  Moreover, the said work ship further has the stirring mixing means for stirring and mixing the excavated earth and sand taken in in the bucket and the improving material in this bucket.

  The work ship further includes a backfilling material input device for charging backfilling material into the excavation hole generated by the excavating means.

In addition, the above-mentioned purpose is
A system for controlling air pressure in a bucket provided in a work ship,
A pump for sending compressed air into the bucket;
An exhaust passage for controlling the air pressure in the bucket;
Is achieved by an in-bucket pressure control system comprising:

In addition, the above-mentioned purpose is
A system for controlling air pressure in a bucket provided in a work ship,
A pump for sending compressed air into the bucket;
An exhaust passage provided to guide the air pressure in the bucket to the outside of the bucket;
Elevating means for raising and lowering the exhaust outlet of the exhaust passage in water;
Is achieved by an in-bucket pressure control system comprising:

In addition, the above-mentioned purpose is
A structure of a bucket provided in a work ship,
A bucket body capable of accommodating excavated earth and sand, and
A shell that is provided so as to be openable and closable, and that takes the excavated earth and sand into the bucket body,
The shell is achieved by a bucket structure characterized by having a movable bottom plate that can be opened.

In the bucket structure, the movable bottom plate provided in the shell is
In conjunction with the movement when the shell opens, the bottom plate is provided to open, and
The bottom plate is provided to be closed in conjunction with the operation when the shell is closed.

  The method and work boat according to the present invention can achieve excellent effects when applied to the floating civil engineering work such as improvement of the submarine ground and improvement of the submarine environment. Specifically, the following excellent effects can be achieved without affecting the environment by applying the method to an in-situ improvement method or improvement material back-up method for the bottom of the ground.

  In addition, as a specific example of the “water bottom” in the present invention, for example, a sea bottom, a river bottom, and a lake bottom are exemplified. Further, specific examples of the “water bottom ground” include, for example, a sea bottom ground, a river bottom ground, and a lake bottom ground. Specific examples of “water” include seawater, river water, and lake water.

  Hereinafter, the seabed is given as an example of the water bottom, and the seabed ground is given as an example of the water bottom ground.

(Effect when the present invention is applied to the implementation of the in-situ improvement method)
1. The improved soil can be produced without unloading the seabed soil (excavated soil from the seabed) on board or on land. That is, even when contaminated soil is included in the excavated soil on the seabed ground, it is possible to manufacture improved soil in seawater.
2. The seabed sediment can be taken in after the seawater in the bucket is discharged. Accordingly, excessive water content can be suppressed when the incorporated submarine sediment and the improved material are mixed, and as a result, the quality of the improved soil to be manufactured can be stabilized. In other words, when the improved soil is manufactured, the excavated soil and the improved material are agitated and mixed in a state where seawater does not enter the bucket, thereby constantly producing a high quality improved soil having a constant quality. It is possible.
3. By performing the above-described stirring and mixing in a state where the bucket is sealed, the quality of the improved soil produced in the bucket is further stabilized.
4). Regardless of the state of the improved material (solid, powder, liquid), the improved material can be put into the bucket via the bucket feeding path.
5. It is also possible to deal with purification and insolubilization of seabed contaminated soil.

(Effect when the present invention is applied to the implementation of the method for backfilling the reforming material)
1. The stability of the levee body is improved by replacing the foundation ground of the submerged levee body with an improved material.
2. It is possible to manage the required amount of improved materials weighed in advance.
3. By using a work ship positioning system using an anchor wire and a backfilling material input device (chute), it is possible to reliably backfill the input point.

(Environmental impact)
1. Reduction of seawater pollution can be expected because the “step of unloading seabed sediment” and the “step of introducing improved soil into seawater” do not occur.
2. When the backfill material is introduced, a backfill material input device (for example, a chute) is used, so that reduction of seawater pollution can be expected.
3. It is a vibration-free and noise-free construction method.

It is the side view and front view which show an example of the work ship (ground improvement ship) used for implementation of this invention. It is a top view which shows an example of the work ship (ground improvement ship) used for implementation of this invention. 3 (a) is an enlarged side view showing the bow side of the work boat shown in FIG. 1 (a), and FIG. 3 (b) is a side view showing a single unit of the excavating and stirring and mixing apparatus shown in FIG. 3 (a). FIG. 3 (c) is a side view showing a single unit of the backfilling material input device shown in FIG. 3 (a). FIG. 4 (a) is an enlarged front view mainly showing the excavating and stirring mixing device provided in the work boat shown in FIG. 1 (b) (illustration of members adjacent to the excavating and stirring mixing device is omitted as appropriate) FIG. 4 (b) is a front view showing a single unit of the excavating and stirring and mixing apparatus shown in FIG. 4 (a). FIG. 5A is an enlarged front view mainly showing the backfilling material charging device provided in the work boat shown in FIG. 1B (illustration of members adjacent to the backfilling material charging device is omitted as appropriate). FIG.5 (b) is a front view which shows the single body of the backfilling material injection | throwing-in apparatus shown to Fig.5 (a). FIG. 6B is an enlarged side view showing a specific configuration of the excavating and stirring and mixing device provided in the work boat shown in FIG. 1B, and FIG. 6A is a state where the grab bucket (excavating means) at the bucket tip is opened. Fig. 6 (b) shows the operation of the grab bucket when excavating the seabed ground, and Fig. 6 (c) shows the state in which the grab bucket is open and the excavating and stirring mixing blade is lowered. FIG. 6 (d) shows a state when the grab bucket is closed and excavated soil (drown soil) is taken into the bucket. FIG. 7 is a front enlarged view showing a specific configuration of the excavating and stirring and mixing device included in the work boat shown in FIG. 1 (b), and FIG. 7 (a) shows a state in which the excavating and stirring and mixing device in the bucket is raised. FIG. 7B shows a state where the excavating and stirring and mixing device in the bucket is lowered. It is a side surface enlarged view which shows the excavation and stirring mixing part shown in FIG.6 (b). It is the side view and front view which show the structure of the rotation operation | movement of a digging and stirring mixing apparatus. It is the side view and front view which show the specific structure of the backfilling material injection | throwing-in apparatus shown in FIG.3 (c). It is the side view and front view which illustrate each process of "the excavation of submarine ground", "movement of excavated earth and sand", and "discharge of excavated earth and sand" using this invention. It is the side view and front view which show a mode when throwing in any one of a modifier, a purification material, and an insolubilizing material in this invention, and stirring and mixing with a seabed ground. It is the side view and front view which show a mode when performing backfilling in this invention. It is sectional drawing which illustrates the general | schematic image of submerged dike construction using this invention. It is sectional drawing which illustrates the general | schematic image of shallow field creation or contaminated soil measures using this invention. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic image of backfilling a deep trench area using the present invention. It is the side view and side enlarged view which show concretely the construction situation of submerged dike construction and shallow ground construction using the present invention. It is the front view and front enlarged view which show concretely the construction situation of submerged dike construction and shallow ground construction using the present invention. It is a top view which shows concretely the construction situation of submerged dike construction and shallow field construction using the present invention. It is a top view which shows the construction pattern of submerged bank construction and shallow field construction using this invention. It is process drawing which shows the main processes of the construction method of submerged dike construction and shallow place construction using this invention. It is process drawing which shows the main processes of the construction method of submerged dike construction and shallow place construction using this invention. It is the side view and side surface enlarged view which show concretely the seabed contaminated soil purification and insolubilization measures using this invention. It is the front view and front enlarged view which concretely show the sea bottom contaminated soil purification and insolubilization measures using the present invention. It is a top view which shows concretely a seabed contaminated soil purification and insolubilization measure using the present invention. It is a top view which shows the construction pattern of a seabed contaminated soil purification and insolubilization measure using this invention. It is process drawing which shows the main processes of the construction method of submarine contaminated soil purification and insolubilization measures using this invention. It is process drawing which shows the main processes of the construction method of submarine contaminated soil purification and insolubilization measures using this invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram, a side view, and a front view showing a pressure control system in a bucket included in a work boat according to the present invention. It is a figure which shows the function effect | action of the pressure control system in a bucket. It is a figure which shows concretely the function effect | action of the pressure control system in a bucket at the time of construction. It is a figure which shows the bucket structure which the work ship which concerns on this invention comprises, Comprising: Fig.30 (a) has shown the state which the movable bottom plate opened (the state which the shell opened), FIG.30 (b) is movable FIG. 30 (c) shows a state where the movable bottom plate is closed (a state where the shell is closed). FIG. 31 (a) shows a bucket having a general structure, and FIG. 31 (b) shows a bucket according to the present embodiment. FIG. 31 (c) shows a bucket according to a modification of the present embodiment. It is the side view and front view which show the excavation and stirring mixing apparatus with which the work ship which concerns on 2nd Embodiment comprises. It is a figure which shows the opening / closing operation | movement of the pressure difference on-off valve (control valve) which the excavation and stirring mixing apparatus shown in FIG. 32 comprises. It is a figure which shows the functional effect | action at the time of construction of the pressure difference on-off valve (control valve) which the excavation and stirring mixing apparatus shown in FIG. 32 comprises. It is process drawing which shows the outline | summary of a conventional construction method.

(Work ship)
First, based on FIGS. 1-10, the structure of the work ship (ground improvement ship) used for implementation of the method which concerns on this invention is demonstrated.

First, the work boat 1 according to the present invention has an appearance as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
Moreover, as shown in the detailed views of FIGS.
・ Work ship positioning system using anchor wire 2 (see Fig. 2),
A leader 3 standing on the bow side of the work boat 1,
An excavating and stirring and mixing device 5 provided so as to be movable up and down along the leader 3;
A backfilling material input device 7 provided so as to be movable up and down along the reader 3;
A guide rail provided on the side of the reader 3;
A lifting and lowering bucket 9 for material charging provided so as to be movable up and down along the guide rail;
A weighing hopper 11 for weighing improvement materials and filling the lifting bucket 9;
A sand box 13 (material storage box) for storing improvement materials and backfill materials used for construction;
A belt conveyor 15 that conveys the improvement material / backfill material in the sand box toward the weighing hopper 11;

  Specific examples of the “improving material” include a modifying material, a purifying material, an insolubilizing material, and the like. In the present embodiment, the term “improving material” is used as a general term for a modifying material, a purification material, an insolubilizing material, and the like. The backfill material and the improvement material may be composed of the same material.

  Hereinafter, the configuration of the main part of the work boat will be described in detail.

(Work ship positioning system)
The work ship positioning system is a combination of a position guidance screen using GPS, a winch fixed to the work ship 1 and an anchor wire 2 connected to the winch so as to be able to wind and unwind as shown in FIG. It is configured to include multiple sets. The winch to which the anchor wire 2 is connected is provided, for example, near the four corners of the work boat.

  By selectively operating one or more of the plurality of anchor wires 2, the work ship 1 can be moved in any direction on the sea surface as shown in FIG. It can be positioned at a desired location in the field.

(Drilling and stirring mixing device)
The excavation and stirring and mixing device 5 is a device that mainly has a function as an “excavating device” for excavating the seabed ground at a predetermined position and a function as an “agitation and mixing device” for stirring and mixing the excavated soil and the improved material. is there.

The excavating and stirring and mixing device 5 is provided so as to be movable up and down along the leader 3.
As shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 4, FIG. 6, FIG.
A pair of casing pipes 21 (bucket feed paths) that are feed paths for guiding the improved material into the bucket 32;
An improved material inlet 23 for introducing the improved material into the casing pipe 21;
An auger motor 25 which is a rotary drive device;
A rod 27 for transmitting the power of the motor to the excavating and stirring mixing blade 35 (stirring and mixing means) in the excavating and stirring and mixing unit 29;
A drilling and stirring and mixing unit 29 provided at the lower ends of the casing pipe 21 and the rod 27;
have.

  As shown in the front view of FIG. 7, two sets of the combination of the casing pipe 21 and the improvement material inlet 23 are provided for one excavating and stirring and mixing device, and the rod 27 is located between the casing pipes 21 and 21. Thus, a pair of casing pipes 21 and 21 are provided at intervals. The upper end side of each casing pipe 21 communicates with the improvement material inlet 23, and the lower end side communicates with the bucket 32 of the excavating and stirring and mixing unit 29.

  The casing pipe 21 also serves as an air flow path for sending compressed air into the bucket 32. By sending compressed air into the bucket 32 from the air compressor (not shown) through the casing pipe 21, it is possible to discharge seawater from the bucket 32 that is submerged in the sea by the air pressure. It is possible to maintain a state in which seawater is discharged from the bucket.

  The rotational power output from the auger motor 25 is excavated and provided in the bucket 32 of the excavating and stirring and mixing unit 29 via a rod 27 positioned between the pair of casing pipes 21 and 21 (see FIG. 7). It is transmitted to the stirring and mixing blade 35.

  The auger motor 25 is connected to the reader 3 so as to be movable up and down as shown in FIG. 3 (a), and its upper end is connected to a wire rope 26. By operating the wire rope 26 in the vertical direction, the entire excavating and stirring and mixing apparatus 5 including the auger motor 25 moves up and down along the leader 3.

The excavation and stirring and mixing unit 29 provided at the lower end of the casing pipe 21 is
As shown in FIG. 6, FIG. 7, FIG.
A sealable bucket 32 having an openable and closable grab bucket 31 (excavation means);
Excavation and stirring mixing blade 35 (stirring and mixing means) provided to be movable up and down in the bucket 32,
have.

  The bucket 32 is a box-shaped container-shaped component (rectangular casing) having a substantially rectangular shape in plan view, and is configured to be able to open and close the opening at the bottom. The upper ends of the buckets 32 are connected to the lower ends of the pair of casing pipes 21, and the improved material introduced from the improved material input port 23 is guided into the bucket 32 through the casing pipe 21. In addition, the compressed air sent from an air compressor (not shown) is sent into the bucket 32 through the casing pipe 21. When the excavating and stirring and mixing unit 29 is submerged in seawater, the seawater can be discharged from the bucket 32 by the pressure of the compressed air. That is, the space where seawater is discharged by air pressure can be secured in the bucket 32.

  The lower end of the rod 27 connected to the auger motor 25 is connected to an excavating and stirring mixing blade 35 provided in the bucket 32. The excavating and agitating and mixing blade 35 is rotationally driven by the power transmitted through the rod 27 and is provided so as to be movable up and down in the bucket 32 as shown in FIGS.

  An openable grab bucket 31 (excavating means) is provided at the tip (lower end) of the bucket 32. It can be said that the combination of the bucket 32 and the grab bucket 31 constitutes one bucket as a whole. When the grab bucket 31 is opened, the bottom of the bucket 32 is opened, and when the grab bucket 31 is closed, the bottom of the bucket 32 is closed and sealed. That is, the grab bucket 31 plays a role as a lid that opens and closes the bottom of the bucket 32 (a lid that seals the bottom of the bucket 32) in addition to a role as a drilling means for excavating the seabed ground and taking in excavated soil.

Such a grab bucket 31 (excavation means) has, for example, a hydraulic cylinder as means for opening and closing operations.
A state where the grab bucket 31 is opened is shown in FIG. In this state, the bottom of the bucket 32 is open.
FIG. 6B and FIG. 8 show the operation when the grab bucket 31 is closed from the opened state. Through the series of operations at this time (the operation of closing from the open state), the seabed ground is excavated by the excavation claw at the tip, and excavated earth and sand can be taken into the inside of the grab bucket 31 and into the bucket 32.
FIG. 6 (c) shows a state where the grab bucket 31 and the excavating / stirring mixing blade 35 are used together to excavate the seabed ground. In the excavation using the excavating and mixing blades 35 in combination, the excavating and mixing blades 35 in the bucket 32 are temporarily lowered and the seabed ground is rotated and excavated in a state of protruding from the opening at the bottom of the bucket 32.
The state where the grab bucket 31 is closed is shown in FIG. In this state, the bottom of the bucket 32 is closed and the bucket 32 is sealed. When the grab bucket 31 is closed after taking excavated earth and sand into the bucket 32, the bucket 32 is sealed and the excavated earth and sand is confined in the bucket 32.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the excavating and stirring and mixing blade 35 (stirring and mixing means) includes a lateral shaft member 37 and a plurality of blade-like members 39 fixed to the lateral shaft member. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 7, it is provided in the bucket 32 so that raising / lowering is possible.

  Further, as illustrated in FIG. 9, the excavating and stirring and mixing blade 35 includes a gear box 34 (rotation direction converting means) for transmitting the rotation of the longitudinal rod 27 to the lateral shaft member 37. Note that the gear box shown in FIG. 9 is an example of the rotation direction conversion means, and the available rotation direction conversion means is not necessarily limited to this.

The excavating and stirring mixing blade 35 having the above-described configuration is mainly composed of
Excavated earth and sand taken into the bucket 32 by the grab bucket 31 (excavating means),
An improved material put into the bucket 32 through a pair of casing pipes 21, 21;
Is responsible for stirring and mixing.
Moreover, as shown in FIG.6 (c), it protrudes from the opening part of the bottom part of the bucket 32 as needed, and bears the role of excavating a seabed ground.

(Backfill material input device)
The backfilling material charging device 7 is provided so as to be movable up and down along the leader 3 and plays a role of charging backfilling material into the excavation hole generated by excavation by the excavating and stirring and mixing device 5 (excavating means). Yes.

As shown in FIGS. 3 (c), 5 and 10, the backfilling material charging device 7
A substantially pipe-like chute 41 for guiding the backfill material;
A backfill material inlet 43 for introducing the improved material into the chute 41;
A chute steadying hardware 45 slidably provided with respect to the reader 3 (FIG. 3 (c)),
have.

  The upper end side of the chute 41 is connected to the wire rope 46. By operating the wire rope 46 in the vertical direction, the entire backfilling material charging device 7 including the chute 41 moves up and down along the leader 3. At that time, the chute steadying hardware 45 is guided by the reader 3 so that the chute 41 does not shake.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the lower end side of the chute 41 is enlarged in diameter when viewed from the front, and the upper end side is branched in a substantially Y shape. A backfill material inlet 43 is provided at each of the upper ends of the chutes 41 branched in a substantially Y shape.

(Lifting bucket)
As shown in FIG. 3, a leader 3 is erected on the bow side of the work boat 1, and is used for charging materials such as an improved material and a backfill material along a guide rail provided on the side surface of the leader 3. The elevating bucket 9 moves up and down. The elevating bucket 9 plays a role of introducing the improved material into the improved material input port 23 of the excavating and stirring and mixing device 5 and also fills the backfill material input port 43 of the backfill material input device 7 with the backfill material (improved material). ).

  The raising / lowering bucket 9 is filled with the improvement material / backfill material via the weighing hopper 11. The sand box 13 provided in the work boat 1 contains the improvement / backfill material and is conveyed to the weighing hopper 11 via the belt conveyor 15.

(Outline of functions and operations of the drilling and mixing device)
Next, based on FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, an outline of functions and operations of the excavation and stirring and mixing device 5 provided in the work boat 1 described above will be described.

As shown in FIG.
(a) Excavating the seabed with a hydraulically driven grab bucket 31 (excavation means)
At that time, if necessary, combined with rotary excavation by excavation and stirring mixing blade 35,
(b) Take the excavated earth and sand in the bucket 32, seal it, move it to another place in the sea,
(c) discharging the excavated earth and sand taken into the bucket 32 from the bucket toward the seabed ground at an arbitrary place and at an arbitrary timing;
Demonstrate the function and action.

Further, the excavating and stirring and mixing device 5 is as shown in FIG.
・ Excavate the seabed ground with an openable grab bucket 31 and take it into the bucket 32.
Close the grab bucket 31 and seal the bucket 32, and confine excavated earth and sand in the bucket 32,
・ Through the casing pipe 21, an improving material (modifying material, purification material, insolubilizing material, etc.) is put into the bucket 32,
The excavated earth and sand trapped in the bucket 32 and the improved material introduced into the bucket 32 are agitated and mixed in the bucket 32 using the excavating and agitating mixing blade 35.
Demonstrate the function and action.

  In FIG. 12, a modifying material, a purifying material, and an insolubilizing material are shown as specific examples of the improving material.

(Outline of functions and operation of backfill material input device)
Next, based on FIG. 13, an outline of functions and operations of the backfilling material input device provided in the work boat 1 described above will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 13, the backfilling material input device 7 inputs the backfilling material through the chute 41 into the excavation hole of the seabed ground generated by the excavation in another process, and backfills the excavation hole with the backfilling material. Exhibit the function and action.

(Use of work boat)
The work boat having the above-described configuration and exhibiting the above-described functions and operations can be used in various civil works for the purpose of improving the seabed ground and the seabed environment. Specifically, it can be used for offshore civil engineering work such as “submerged dike construction”, “shallow ground creation”, “contaminated soil measures”.

FIG. 14 shows an image of “building a submarine”.
When securing the route and anchorage as shown in FIG. 14 (a), when dredging the seabed ground, the submarine as shown in FIG. 14 (b) and FIG. Build.
In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 14, the submerged dike is mainly composed of a backfill portion made of a modifying material and modified soil provided so as to cover it. Is going. The modifying material is a kind of improving material. The modified soil is obtained by stirring and mixing the modifying material and dredged soil (excavated soil).
In the present invention, the modifying material is not particularly limited, and any material having a soil improvement effect such as steel slag, cement, cement-based solidified material, quicklime, and lime-based solidified material may be used.

  By constructing such a dike using the present invention, for example, as shown in FIG. 14 (b), a reduction in dredged soil volume can be expected by effectively utilizing dredged sand at the slope. Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 14 (c), a reduction in wrinkle frequency can be expected.

FIG. 15 shows an image of “shallow ground creation” or “contaminated soil measures”.
When creating a shallow field on the seabed ground as shown in FIG. 15 (a), the shallow field as shown in FIG. 15 (b) is created using the present invention. In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 15 (b), the shallow field is mainly composed of a backfill portion made of a modifying material and modified soil provided so as to cover the modified portion. The modifying material is a kind of improving material. The modified soil is obtained by stirring and mixing the modifying material and dredged soil (excavated soil).
Further, when the seabed ground is contaminated, the soil is taken as shown in FIG. 15 (c) by using the present invention.

By creating a shallow field as shown in FIG. 15 (b) using the present invention, it is possible to create a shallow field that is less likely to disappear due to the influence of tidal currents or waves due to the hydraulic properties of the modified soil. .
Further, by using the present invention and performing a contaminated soil measure as shown in FIG. 15 (c), the purification material or the insolubilization material can be mixed with the seabed ground for the purpose of purification or insolubilization.

Further, the present invention can also be used for “backfilling of deep areas” as shown in FIG.
By performing backfilling (added in a dry state) with an improving material (modifying material) using the present invention, for example, an excellent effect of reducing pollution during backfilling is achieved.

(1st Embodiment of the improvement method of a water bottom ground)
Next, as specific examples of construction methods for improving the seabed ground and the seabed environment using the work boat having the above-described features, “submarine dike construction” and “shallow ground construction” are listed. A specific embodiment will be described. In addition, in this embodiment, a modifier is mentioned as a specific example of the improvement material and backfill material used for construction.

First, an outline of the construction method will be described based on FIGS.
In the construction of a submerged dike or a shallow field, a work ship is moved to the sea at the construction point, and a submerged dike is built on the seabed ground as shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, or a shallow field is created.

  At the time of construction, the work ship can be moved to a desired position by positioning the above-described anchor wire 2 (see FIG. 2), so that the construction direction can be freely controlled as illustrated in FIG. Is possible.

  Therefore, the construction pattern for submerged dike construction and shallow ground construction is not particularly limited. For example, various construction patterns such as block construction, straight construction, and diagonal construction are adopted as illustrated in the plan view of FIG. be able to. It is also possible to combine multiple types of construction patterns.

Next, a construction procedure will be specifically described based on FIGS. 21A and 21B.
Steps a to m described below correspond to steps (a) to (m) shown in FIGS. 21A and 21B.

Step a
Compressed air is sent into the bucket 32 through the casing pipe 21 to drain the seawater in the bucket and make the bucket hollow. That is, a space without seawater is secured in the bucket 32 by air pressure. Thereafter, the state in which seawater does not flow into the bucket 32 by the action of air pressure is maintained.

Step b
The excavation and agitation and mixing unit 29 provided at the lower end of the casing pipe 21 is pressed against the seabed ground at a predetermined position. Then, the seabed ground at a predetermined position is excavated by a hydraulically driven grab bucket 31 (excavating means) at the tip of the bucket 32.

Process c
If necessary, the drilling and stirring mixing blade 35 is lowered and used as a drilling aid. That is, the excavating / stirring mixing blade 35 protrudes from the opening at the bottom of the bucket 32 and is driven to rotate.
This step may be omitted.

Step d
Opening and closing of the grab bucket 31 (excavating means) at the tip of the bucket 32 is repeated, and excavated earth and sand are taken into the bucket 32. In addition, since the inside of the bucket 32 continues to be pressurized with compressed air after the step a, seawater does not flow into the bucket 32 due to water pressure. The same applies thereafter.

Process e
When the necessary amount of excavated earth and sand is taken into the bucket 32, the grab bucket 31 (excavating means) at the tip of the bucket is closed. Thereby, the bucket 32 is sealed and the excavated earth and sand taken in the bucket 32 is isolated from the seawater around the bucket.

Process f
With the bottom of the bucket 32 (grab bucket 31) closed, the entire excavating and stirring and mixing unit 29 is pulled out, and a predetermined amount of modifier is introduced into the bucket 32 via the casing pipe 21. Then, while rotating the excavating / stirring mixing blade 35 in the bucket 32, the excavating and mixing blades 35 are moved up and down in the bucket 32, so that “the excavated earth and sand taken into the bucket 32” and “the modified material introduced into the bucket 32” are Stir and mix. By stirring and mixing them in the bucket 32, “reformed soil” is produced on the spot, that is, in the bucket 32 in water, without being pumped up.

Process g
In order to backfill the excavation hole formed after the excavation and agitation and mixing unit 29 (bucket 32) is pulled out, the anchor wire 2 is used for maneuvering, and the lower end of the chute 41 of the backfilling material charging device 7 is directly above the excavation hole. Position to.

Process h
The chute 41 of the backfilling material charging device 7 is lowered to a predetermined position, and the modifying material is charged into the excavation hole through the chute.

Step i
The ship is maneuvered using the anchor wire, and the lower end of the bucket 32 is again aligned with the position of the reformer introduced into the excavation hole. The grab bucket 31 at the lower end of the bucket 32 is in a closed state.

Process j
The bucket 32 is lowered, and the reforming material thrown into the excavation hole is compressed and compacted by the grab bucket 31 at the lower end of the bucket 32 to increase the support force.

Process k
The above-described steps g to j are repeated until the height of the modified material introduced into the excavation hole reaches a predetermined depth (conventional ground height).

Process l
The modified soil obtained by stirring and mixing in the above step f (a mixture obtained by stirring and mixing the taken excavated earth and the introduced modifying material) is discharged immediately above the modifying material filling the drilling hole.

Process m
Through the above steps, the construction of submerged dike or shallow ground using the modified soil is completed.
As shown in the step (m) of FIG. 21B, the constructed submerged dike and the constructed shallow ground are provided so as to fill the excavation hole (consolidated reformer) and to cover it. And modified soil. The modified soil is produced in seawater (in the bucket 32 from which the seawater has been discharged) by effectively utilizing the original excavated soil.

(2nd Embodiment of the improvement method of a water bottom ground)
Next, as a concrete example of the construction method of the improvement of the seabed ground and the environment of the seafloor using the work boat having the above-mentioned features, “seafloor contaminated soil purification measures” and “seafloor contaminated soil insolubilization measures” The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described. In the present embodiment, a purification material and an insolubilizing material are given as specific examples of the improving material used for construction.

First, an outline of the construction method will be described based on FIGS.
In the construction of the purification measure or the insolubilization measure, the work ship is moved to the sea at the construction point, and as shown in FIGS. 22 and 23, the purification treatment is applied to the seabed contaminated soil, or the insolubilization measure is taken.

  At the time of construction, the work wire can be moved and positioned by operating the anchor wire 2 described above (see FIG. 2), so the construction direction can be freely controlled as illustrated in FIG. Is possible.

  Therefore, the construction pattern of the purification measure and the insolubilization measure is not particularly limited. For example, as illustrated in the plan view of FIG. 25, various construction patterns such as block construction, straight construction, and diagonal construction are adopted as necessary. Can do. It is also possible to combine multiple types of construction patterns.

Next, a construction procedure will be specifically described based on FIGS. 26A and 26B.
Steps a to h described below correspond to steps (a) to (h) shown in FIGS. 26A and 26B.

Step a
Compressed air is sent into the bucket 32 through the casing pipe 21 to drain the seawater in the bucket and make the bucket hollow. That is, a space without seawater is secured in the bucket 32 by air pressure. Thereafter, the state in which seawater does not flow into the bucket 32 by the action of air pressure is maintained.

Step b
The excavation and agitation and mixing unit 29 provided at the lower end of the casing pipe 21 is pressed against the seabed ground at a predetermined position. Then, the seabed ground at a predetermined position is excavated by a hydraulically driven grab bucket 31 (excavating means) at the tip of the bucket 32.

Process c
If necessary, the drilling and stirring mixing blade 35 is lowered and used as a drilling aid. That is, the excavating / stirring mixing blade 35 protrudes from the opening at the bottom of the bucket 32 and is driven to rotate.
This step may be omitted.

Step d
Opening and closing of the grab bucket 31 (excavating means) at the tip of the bucket 32 is repeated, and excavated earth and sand are taken into the bucket 32. In addition, since the inside of the bucket 32 continues to be pressurized with compressed air after the step a, seawater does not flow into the bucket 32 due to water pressure. The same applies thereafter.

Process e
When the necessary amount of excavated earth and sand is taken into the bucket 32, the grab bucket 31 (excavating means) at the tip of the bucket is closed. Thereby, the bucket 32 is sealed and the excavated earth and sand taken in the bucket 32 is isolated from the seawater around the bucket.

Process f
With the bottom of the bucket 32 (grab bucket 31) closed, a predetermined amount of improving material (purifying material in the case of the purifying measure, insolubilizing material in the case of the insolubilizing measure) is placed in the bucket 32 via the casing pipe 21. In

Process g
After the improvement material is put into the bucket 32, the excavating and stirring mixing blade 35 in the bucket is rotated and moved up and down in the bucket 32, so that “the excavated earth and sand taken in the bucket 32” and “ Stir and mix with the "improved material". These measures are stirred and mixed in the bucket 32 to produce “measure soil”. “Measured sediment” refers to soil that has been subjected to purification measures with a purification material in the case of purification measures, and is soil that has been insolubilized with insolubilization materials in the case of insolubilization measures.

Process h
Subsequently, the action soil that has been sufficiently mixed with stirring is backfilled to the original place (place where the excavated earth and sand has been taken in). Through the above steps, the purification or insolubilization of the seabed contaminated soil is completed.

(Bucket pressure control system)
Next, a specific example of the “in-bucket pressure control system” included in the work boat according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 27 is a schematic configuration diagram, a side view, and a front view showing an intra-bucket pressure control system provided in the work boat according to the present invention. In order to easily understand the features of the system configuration, FIG. 27 (a) schematically shows only the main part of the system configuration.
FIG. 28 is a diagram illustrating the functional operation of the bucket pressure control system.
FIG. 29 is a diagram specifically illustrating the functional operation of the bucket pressure control system during construction.
27 to 29, the same reference numerals are given to the same configurations as those of the above-described embodiment, and detailed descriptions of the specific configurations and functional operations are omitted, and the above-described descriptions are used. .

  As described above, the construction method according to the present invention is characterized in that compressed air is fed into the bucket 32 through the casing pipe 21 (step (a) in FIG. 21A, step (a) in FIG. 26A). See). And the pressure control system in a bucket of this embodiment plays the role which controls the air pressure (pressure of the compressed air sent in the bucket 32) which the work ship comprises.

As shown in FIG. 27, the bucket pressure control system of this embodiment is mainly
An air pump 51 for sending compressed air into the bucket 32;
An exhaust passage 53 for controlling the air pressure in the bucket 32;
Elevator motor 55 (elevating means) for raising and lowering the exhaust outlet 53 of the exhaust path 53 in water is provided.

  The exhaust path 53 is provided as a whole so as to guide the air pressure in the bucket 32 to the outside (in seawater) of the bucket. The exhaust passage 53 includes an underwater exhaust pipe 56, an exhaust bypass pipe 57, an exhaust hose 58, and an underwater exhaust pipe valve 59.

  The underwater exhaust port 60 at the tip of the underwater exhaust pipe 56 is in a state of being submerged in seawater during construction using a work boat, and the underwater exhaust pipe 56 is provided so as to be raised and lowered by the lifting motor 55 in this state. Yes. The vertical movement distance of the submerged exhaust pipe 56 is not particularly limited. For example, the submerged exhaust port 60 can be moved up and down (moved in the vertical direction) at a distance within the depth range of the upper end and lower end of the bucket 32. The length of the pipe 56 and the lifting motor 55 are set.

  The exhaust bypass pipe 57 plays a role of guiding the air pressure (compressed air) in the bucket 32 to the underwater exhaust pipe 56 outside the bucket. One end of the exhaust bypass pipe 57 is connected to the inside (upper end) of the bucket 32, and the other end is connected to the underwater exhaust pipe 56 via the underwater exhaust pipe valve 59 and the exhaust hose 58.

  The exhaust hose 58 is composed of a flexible pressure-resistant water-resistant hose, one end of which is connected to the underwater exhaust pipe valve 59 and the other end is connected to the underwater exhaust pipe 56. When the underwater exhaust pipe 56 moves up and down, the exhaust hose 58 follows the movement, so that the connection between the two is not disconnected by the operation of the underwater exhaust pipe 56.

In the system configuration described above, the compressed air sent into the bucket 32 from the air pump 51 is accommodated in the bucket and pushes seawater out of the bucket by the air pressure. This is the same as in the above-described embodiment.
On the other hand, the compressed air accommodated in the bucket 32 is guided by the exhaust bypass pipe 57 and further guided by the underwater exhaust pipe 56 through the underwater exhaust pipe valve 59 and the exhaust hose 58. Therefore, while the underwater exhaust pipe valve 59 is open and the compressed air is being pumped from the air pump 51, the compressed air in the bucket 32 is guided by the exhaust passage 53 and is submerged from the underwater exhaust port 60. Continue to be exhausted.

  Next, the functional operation of the bucket pressure control system will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 28 (a), when the underwater exhaust pipe 56 having the underwater exhaust port 60 positioned at the depth of the lower end position of the bucket 32 is raised by the lifting motor 55, the water level in the bucket also rises in conjunction with this. . Conversely, when the underwater exhaust pipe 56 having the underwater exhaust port 60 positioned at the depth of the bucket upper end position is lowered by the elevating motor 55, the water level in the bucket is also lowered in conjunction with this. That is, the water level in the bucket moves up and down in conjunction with the vertical movement of the underwater exhaust port 60 (underwater exhaust pipe 56).

  In this way, by adopting the system according to the present embodiment and managing the depth of the tip of the submersible exhaust pipe (submersible exhaust port 60), the depth of the excavated sediment and the discharge of the modified soil according to the depth It is possible to manage the atmospheric pressure based on the water pressure. Further, an effect is achieved that no pollution occurs on the sea floor due to excessive pressure.

  As shown in FIG. 28 (b), the space in the bucket decreases as the soft ground is taken into the bucket 32. The space pressure in the bucket is the same as the water pressure at the tip of the submersible exhaust pipe (submersible exhaust port). It is. That is, by using the system according to the present embodiment, it becomes easy to manage the atmospheric pressure in the bucket.

  Next, based on FIG. 29, the specific functional action of the bucket pressure control system during construction will be described.

  FIG. 29A shows that the seawater in the bucket is discharged (pushed out) to the outside by the pushing action of the compressed air sent into the bucket 32 by the air pump 51, and the inflow of seawater into the bucket is hindered. It has been. In this state, the water pressure at the lower end of the bucket and the atmospheric pressure in the bucket are balanced.

Next, it is assumed that excavated soil is taken into the bucket 32 as shown in FIG. 29 (b) from the state shown in FIG. 29 (a).
Under this assumption, when the excavation sediment is taken in without the above-described underwater exhaust, the pressure inside the bucket increases with the decrease in volume, which becomes an obstacle to the excavation sediment intake.
That is, the earth and sand taken into the bucket acts like a piston, and the bucket acts like a cylinder, and the atmospheric pressure in the bucket rises at the time of taking up the earth and sand, which becomes an obstacle to the excavation earth and sand.

  On the other hand, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 29 (c), the excavated sediment is taken into the bucket 32 while being submerged in water, so that the change in the bucket internal pressure as shown in FIG. There is no uptake failure.

  Next, it is as follows when the outstanding effect achieved by the pressure control system in a bucket of this embodiment and the construction method using the same is put together.

  By using the system described above, the air pressure in the bucket can be easily controlled. Further, if such control becomes possible, it is possible to reduce the air pressure in the bucket as necessary, for example, when taking excavated earth and sand into the bucket. That is, by controlling the air pressure in the bucket freely, it is possible to avoid a situation in which the pressure in the bucket hinders the intake of excavated earth and sand.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 29 (b), when the compressed air in the bucket is not exhausted outside the bucket, the air pressure inside the bucket rises as the volume of air in the bucket decreases (compresses) when taking in earth and sand. There is a possibility that it may become an obstacle to the uptake of earth and sand. However, by discharging the compressed air in the bucket to the outside of the bucket as shown in FIG. 29 (c), it is possible to avoid such an obstacle for taking in sediment due to an increase in the atmospheric pressure inside the bucket.

  In addition, with such a system configuration, the air pressure in the bucket rises and falls in conjunction with raising and lowering the exhaust port of the exhaust passage (communicating in the bucket) in water, so that the pressure in the bucket can be controlled. Simple. Further, such a function can be realized with a simple system configuration.

  Moreover, since the system mentioned above is equipped with the air pump, the inflow of the water into a bucket can be easily prevented with the pressure of the compressed air sent in the bucket. Further, when the surrounding water enters the bucket, the water in the bucket can be discharged out of the bucket by the air pressure (push out by the air pressure).

(Bucket structure)
Next, a specific example of the “bucket structure” included in the work boat according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 30 and 31.

FIG. 30 is a view showing a bucket structure provided in the work boat according to the present invention, and FIG. 30 (a) shows a state where the movable bottom plate is opened (a state where the shell is opened). FIG. 30 (c) shows a state where the movable bottom plate is closed (a state where the shell is closed).
FIG. 31 is a comparative diagram for comparing the bucket structures in a state where the shell is open. FIG. 31 (a) shows a bucket having a general structure, and FIG. 31 (b) shows the bucket structure according to the present embodiment. FIG. 31 (c) shows a bucket structure according to a modification of the present embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 30, the bucket 32b according to the present embodiment is mainly
A bucket body 71 that can accommodate excavated earth and sand;
-It has the grab bucket 31b comprised including a pair of shells 73 and 73.

  The bucket body 71 is the same as that included in the buckets of the above-described embodiments.

  The grab bucket 31 b includes a pair of shells 73 and 73 for taking excavated earth and sand into the bucket body 71.

  Each of the pair of shells 73 and 73 is rotatably attached to the lower end of the bucket body 71. Each shell 73 includes a fixed bottom plate 75 that does not move and a movable bottom plate 76 that can be opened. The movable bottom plate 76 is connected to the fixed bottom plate 75 via a hinge 77 as illustrated below in FIG. That is, the movable bottom plate 76 is attached to the fixed bottom plate 75 so that the movable bottom plate 76 can be opened and closed with the hinge 77 as an axis.

  In addition, the movable bottom plate 76 included in each shell 73 is provided so that the movable bottom plate is opened in conjunction with the operation when the shell is opened, and in conjunction with the operation when the shell 73 is closed, The movable bottom plate is provided so as to be closed. For example, a spring can be adopted as a structure that enables such interlocking.

As shown in FIG. 30C, when the shell 73 is closed, the movable bottom plate 76 is closed and functions in the same manner as a general shell.
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 30A, the movable bottom plate 76 is open when the shell 73 is open. That is, it rotates in the direction of rising about the hinge 77 as an axis. In this state, each movable bottom plate 76 opens outward (rotates outward), and as a result, the bottom of the shell 73 opens greatly as shown in FIG.

Next, the effect of the bucket structure according to the present embodiment will be described based on FIG.
In addition, the numerical value described in FIG. 31 is described as an example in order to make the effect of this embodiment easy to understand, and the structure and function of the bucket structure are not limited to this.

  When the conventional bucket structure shown in FIG. 31 (a) is compared with the bucket structure of this embodiment shown in FIG. 31 (b), the opening width in the state where the shell is opened (a pair of shells) It can be seen that the opening width at the bottom of the plate is obviously large. That is, in the case of this embodiment, since the movable bottom plate is opened with the shell open, the opening width of the entire grab bucket can be increased.

Therefore, by adopting such a bucket structure, not only the top end side of the shell but also the bottom plate side of the shell opens widely, so more excavated earth and sand can be taken into the bucket body at one time. The work efficiency is improved.
Further, when the bottom plate side of the shell is greatly opened, the vertically movable excavating means (for example, the excavating and stirring mixing blade 35 shown in FIG. 6) can be protruded forward (downward) of the shell through the opened bottom plate of the shell. Yes (as shown in FIG. 6 (c)).
Further, the large opening on the bottom plate side of the shell makes it possible to configure the above-described vertically movable excavating means (for example, the excavating and stirring mixing blade 35 shown in FIG. 6) with a larger size, and excavation efficiency. Further improvement can be expected.
Moreover, in this embodiment, since the movable bottom plate interlock | cooperating with opening / closing of a shell is employ | adopted, the opening / closing operation of the said movable bottom plate becomes unnecessary, and work efficiency improves.

  In the above-described embodiment, the movable bottom plate included in each shell is configured as a single unit (one stage), but is not necessarily limited to such a configuration, and each movable bottom plate is illustrated in FIG. ), It is also possible to configure two (two stages) or three or more bottom plates (multiple stages).

(Second embodiment of work boat)
Next, a second embodiment of the work boat according to the present invention will be described based on FIGS.
In addition, the work ship which concerns on 2nd Embodiment presupposes that the characteristics (pressure control system in a bucket) shown in FIG. 27 mentioned above are provided.

FIG. 32 is a side view and a front view showing the excavation and stirring and mixing device provided in the work boat according to the second embodiment. In addition, the side view and front view which show the excavation and stirring mixing apparatus with which the work ship which concerns on 1st Embodiment mentioned above is provided are as having shown in FIG.6 and FIG.7.
FIG. 33 is a diagram showing an opening / closing operation of a pressure difference opening / closing valve (control valve) included in the excavating and stirring and mixing apparatus shown in FIG.
FIG. 34 is a diagram showing a functional action at the time of construction of the pressure difference on / off valve (control valve) included in the excavating and stirring and mixing apparatus shown in FIG.
32 to 34, the same reference numerals are given to the same configurations as those of the above-described embodiment, and detailed descriptions of the specific configurations and functional operations are omitted, and the above-described descriptions are used. .

  Hereinafter, the difference from the first embodiment will be mainly described.

  As in the first embodiment, the excavation and agitation mixing device 5b included in the work boat according to the second embodiment mainly functions as a “drilling device” for excavating the seabed ground at a predetermined position, and improves the excavation sediment. It is an apparatus having a function as a “stirring and mixing apparatus” for stirring and mixing materials.

The excavating and stirring and mixing device 5b is provided so as to be movable up and down along the leader of the work ship.
A pair of casing pipes 21b (bucket feed paths) that are feed paths for guiding the improved material into the bucket 32;
An improved material inlet 23 for introducing the improved material into the casing pipe 21b;
An inlet valve 24 for opening and closing the improvement material inlet 23;
An auger motor 25 which is a rotary drive device;
A rod 27 for transmitting the power of the motor to the excavating and stirring mixing blade 35 (stirring and mixing means) in the excavating and stirring and mixing unit 29;
-Excavation and stirring mixing part 29 provided in the lower end of casing pipe 21b and rod 27.

  In the present embodiment, the pair of casing pipes 21b (bucket feed paths) plays a role of feeding the improved material into the underwater bucket 32. The improved material fed into the bucket 32 is agitated and mixed with the excavated earth and sand taken into the bucket.

Each casing pipe 21b (bucket feeding path) is as shown in FIG.
A material holding portion 81 capable of temporarily holding the improvement material scheduled to be fed to the bucket 32;
A material guide portion 83 positioned below the material holding portion 81 and leading to the bucket 32;
A pressure difference on-off valve (control valve) 85 provided between the material holding part 81 and the material guide part 83;
It has.

The material holding part 81 is a tubular part that is a part of the casing pipe 21b and is located above.
The material guide part 83 (material passage part) is a tubular part which is a part of the casing pipe 21b and is located below.

  The pressure difference opening / closing valve 85 is located between the lower end of the material holding portion 81 and the upper end of the material guide portion 83 and is provided to operate using the air pressure guided from within the bucket 32. Note that the air pressure in the bucket 32 is supplied from the air pump toward the bucket as described above with reference to FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 34 (a), the pressure difference on-off valve 85 includes a valve element 87 (pressure valve) that can be opened and closed, and a hinge 88 and a weight 89 for enabling an opening / closing operation. With regard to the weight and mounting position of the weight 89, when there is no pressure difference between the bucket 32 and the material holding part 81, the lower end of the material holding part 81 and the valve element 87 are shown in FIG. It is set so that there is a gap between them (so that the valve body 87 is in a half-open state).

In addition, the work ship of the present embodiment has a configuration for operating the pressure difference on-off valve 85.
・ Bypass pipes 91 and 92 (bypass),
・ A bypass pipe valve 93 (second control valve) is provided.

  The bypass pipes 91 and 92 play a role of guiding the air pressure in the bucket 32 used for the operation of the pressure difference on-off valve 85 to the material holding portion 81 of the casing pipe. Specifically, the bypass pipes 91 and 92 are configured to reduce the atmospheric pressure in the bucket 32 (atmospheric pressure below the pressure difference opening / closing valve 85) and the internal pressure of the material holding unit 81 (atmospheric pressure above the pressure difference opening / closing valve 85), Used to achieve the same pressure as required.

  The bypass pipe valve 93 (second control valve) is provided between the bypass pipes 91 and 92 and plays a role of controlling the timing at which the pressure difference on-off valve 85 (control valve) operates.

  In the above configuration, when the pressure difference on / off valve 85 is in the closed state, the improving material is held in the material holding portion 81 of the casing pipe. On the other hand, when the pressure difference opening / closing valve 85 is in the valve open state, the improving material is discharged from the material holding portion 81 of the casing pipe and sent into the bucket 32 via the material guide portion 83.

  Next, the opening / closing operation of the pressure opening / closing differential valve 85 will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 33A shows a state where the pressure open / close differential valve 85 is closed (valve closed state).
In this closed state, the inlet valve 24 is open, and the bypass pipe (bypass pipe valve 93) between the bucket 32 and the material holding portion 81 is closed.
When the atmospheric pressure guided from the bucket 32 through the material guide portion 83 exceeds the atmospheric pressure in the material holding portion 81, the pressure open / close differential valve 85 is closed as shown in FIG.

FIG. 33 (b) shows a state where the pressure open / close differential valve 85 is opened (opened state).
In this open state, the inlet valve 24 is closed, and the bypass pipe (bypass pipe valve 93) between the bucket 32 and the material holding portion 81 is open.
When the atmospheric pressure guided from the bucket 32 via the material guide portion 83 and the atmospheric pressure in the material holding portion 81 become the same pressure, the pressure open / close differential valve 85 is opened as shown in FIG. Become.

  Next, based on FIG. 34, the opening / closing operation | movement of the pressure opening / closing differential valve 85 at the time of construction is demonstrated concretely.

FIG. 34 (a) shows a state before the start of construction.
In this state, no air pressure acts on either the bucket 32 or the material holding portion 81, that is, there is no pressure difference between the two. Due to the action of the weight 89, there is a gap between the lower end of the material holding portion 81 and the valve body 87.

In FIG. 34 (b), after starting construction, as a result of sending compressed air into the bucket 32 by an air pump, a difference occurs between the pressure from the bucket and the pressure in the material holding part 81, and the air pressure ( A state in which the valve body 87 is closed by the pushing force) is shown.
In this closed state, the inlet valve 24 is open, and the bypass pipe (bypass pipe valve 93) between the bucket 32 and the material holding portion 81 is closed.

FIG. 34 (c) shows a state in which the improving material is charged into the material holding portion 81 through the improving material charging port 23 after the state of FIG. 34 (b).
In this state, since the weight (W) of the improving material in the material holding portion 81 is lower than the air pressure (pushing force) from the bucket 32, the valve body 87 is kept closed. That is, the pressure difference on-off valve 85 is kept closed, and the introduced improved material is temporarily held in the material holding portion 81 of the casing pipe.

FIG. 34 (d) shows the operation when the inlet valve 24 is closed and the bypass pipe (bypass pipe valve 93) between the bucket 32 and the material holding part 81 is opened after the state of FIG. 34 (c). Yes.
At this time, since the force obtained by adding the internal pressure of the material holding portion 81 to the weight (W) of the improved material exceeds the air pressure (push-up force) from the bucket 32, FIG. 34 (d) resists the air pressure from the bucket. As shown, the valve body 87 is opened. That is, the pressure difference opening / closing valve 85 is opened in response to the weight (W) of the improving material, and the improving material held in the material holding portion 81 falls by its own weight and is supplied into the bucket 32 through the material guide portion 83. Is done.

  FIG. 34 (e) shows a state where the improved material is released from the material holding portion 81 in the state of FIG. 34 (d), and then closes and closes the bypass pipe (bypass pipe valve 93) between the bucket 32 and the material holding section 81. The state which opened the mouth valve 24 is shown. In this state, since the air pressure (push-up force) from the bucket 32 exceeds the atmospheric pressure (atmospheric pressure) in the material holding portion 81, the valve body 87 is closed. This is the same as the state shown in FIG.

  Thereafter, the steps shown in FIG. 34 (c) to FIG. 34 (e) are repeated as many times as necessary until the required amount of the improved material is completely charged.

  Next, the excellent effects achieved by the work boat having the above-described features are summarized as follows.

As described in relation to FIGS. 27 to 29, etc., in the present invention, since compressed air is sent into the bucket, the air pressure (bucket pressure) acts on the casing pipe, There is a risk of hindering the introduction of improvement materials.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, a part of the casing pipe is constituted by a “material holding part” and the other part is constituted by a “material guide part”. The “material holding portion” located above serves to temporarily hold the improvement material scheduled to be fed to the bucket, and the “material guide portion” located below the material leads to the bucket.
Then, a pressure difference on-off valve is provided between the material holding part and the material guide part so that the improved material is temporarily held by the upper material holding part in the closed state, and in the open state, The improvement material is fed out from the material holding portion and fed into the bucket through the material guide portion below the material holding portion.
Therefore, when the casing pipe has the above-described characteristics, the supply of the improving material into the bucket is not hindered by the air pressure in the bucket. That is, regardless of the air pressure in the bucket, it is possible to reliably feed a necessary amount of the improved material into the bucket through the casing pipe.

  In addition, according to the present embodiment, the improved material can be introduced toward the bucket without reducing the pressure in the bucket, so that the work can be performed more efficiently than when the features of the present embodiment are not provided. Can proceed.

In addition, according to the present embodiment, it is not necessary to newly provide a dedicated power source for moving the pressure difference on-off valve (control valve), and the apparatus configuration can be prevented from becoming complicated. That is, the above-described function can be achieved with a simple and inexpensive configuration.
Thereby, the pressure difference on-off valve (control valve) can be easily opened and closed, and the timing at which the improving material is fed into the bucket can be easily controlled.

Finally, the above-described embodiment is an exemplification of the present invention described in the claims, and the form of the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto. That is, in the above-described embodiment, as a concrete example of the construction method of the improvement of the seabed ground and the seabed environment according to the present invention, “submarine dike construction”, “shallow ground creation”, “seafloor contaminated soil purification measures”, “ Specific examples include “insolubilization measures for submarine contaminated soil” and “backfilling of deep digging area”, but these are examples of construction methods for improving the bottom of the sea and improving the bottom of the sea. The scope is not limited to these embodiments.
In addition, the application of the present invention is not limited to the improvement of the seabed ground, but can also be used to improve the ground of the riverbed and the ground of the lakebed.

1 Work ship (ground improvement ship)
2 Anchor wire 3 Leader 5 Drilling / stirring / mixing device 5b Drilling / stirring / mixing device 7 Backfilling material charging device 9 Lifting bucket 11 Weighing hopper 13 Sand box (material storage box)
15 Belt conveyor 21 Casing pipe (bucket feed path / bucket flow path)
21b Casing pipe (bucket feed path / bucket flow path)
23 Improvement material input (material input)
24 Input valve 25 Auger motor (rotary drive)
26 Wire rope 27 Rod 29 Excavation and stirring mixing section (stirring mixing means)
31 Grab bucket (drilling means)
31b Grab bucket (drilling means)
32 Bucket 32b Bucket 34 Gearbox (Rotation direction conversion means)
35 Excavation and stirring mixing blade 37 Horizontal shaft member 39 Blade-like member 41 Chute (casing pipe)
43 Backfill material input (material input)
45 Chute steady rest metal 46 Wire rope 51 Air pump 53 Exhaust passage 55 Lifting motor (lifting means)
56 Underwater exhaust pipe 57 Exhaust bypass pipe 58 Exhaust hose 59 Underwater exhaust pipe valve 60 Underwater exhaust port 71 Bucket body 73 Shell 75 Fixed bottom plate 76 Movable bottom plate 77 Hinge 81 Material holding part (material holding pipe)
83 Material guide (material guide tube / material passage)
85 Pressure differential on-off valve (control valve)
87 Valve body (pressure valve)
88 Hinge 89 Weight 91 Bypass pipe (Bypass)
92 Bypass pipe (bypass)
93 Bypass pipe valve (second control valve)

Claims (22)

A method for improving the bottom of the ground using a work ship,
A process of excavating the bottom of the ground at the tip of a bucket that can be raised and lowered;
Taking the excavated earth and sand into the bucket in a state where the inflow of water into the bucket is prevented;
The improvement method of the underwater ground characterized by including. A method for improving the bottom of the ground using a work ship,
A process of excavating the bottom of the ground at the tip of a bucket that can be raised and lowered;
Discharging water from the bucket;
Taking the excavated earth and sand into the bucket;
The improvement method of the underwater ground characterized by including.   The method for improving a submarine ground according to claim 1, further comprising a step of refilling an excavation hole generated by excavation by the bucket.   The water bottom according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a step of stirring and mixing the excavated earth and sand taken into the bucket with the improving material in the bucket without being pumped up on the water. How to improve the ground.   The said improvement material is sent in the bucket in water through the feeding path for buckets, The improvement method of the underwater ground of Claim 4 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The submerged ground according to claim 4 or 5, further comprising a step of discharging the improved soil obtained by stirring and mixing the excavated soil and the improved material in the bucket toward the excavated water bottom ground. Improvement method.   The method for improving a water bottom ground according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the compressed air sent into the bucket prevents water from flowing into the bucket.   The method for improving the bottom of the ground according to claim 7, wherein when the excavated soil is taken into the bucket, the compressed air in the bucket is exhausted to the outside of the bucket.   9. The method of improving a submarine ground according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a step of moving the work ship by operating an anchor wire connected to the work ship.   The method for improving a water bottom ground according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the improvement material is any one of a modification material, a purification material, and an insolubilization material. Excavation means for excavating underwater ground;
A work ship having a bucket that is provided so as to be raised and lowered, and that takes in excavated earth and sand in a state in which the inflow of water is prevented.   The work ship according to claim 11, further comprising a pump for pumping compressed air that prevents inflow of water into the bucket into the bucket.   The work ship according to claim 11 or 12, further comprising a bucket feed path for sending the improving material that is stirred and mixed to the excavated earth and sand taken into the bucket into the bucket. The bucket feeding path is
A material holding part capable of temporarily holding the improved material to be fed to the bucket;
A material guide part located below the material holding part and leading to the bucket;
A control valve provided between the material holding part and the material guide part,
In the valve-closed state, the improvement material is held in the material holding portion of the bucket feeding path,
The work ship according to claim 13, wherein the improved material is sent out from the material holding portion of the bucket feeding path and is sent into the bucket through the material guide portion in the valve open state.   The work boat according to claim 14, wherein the control valve is provided to operate using air pressure in a bucket. A bypass for guiding the air pressure in the bucket used for the operation of the control valve to the material holding part of the bucket feeding path;
A second control valve provided in the bypass for controlling the timing at which the control valve operates;
The work ship according to claim 15, further comprising:   The work boat according to any one of claims 11 to 16, further comprising stirring and mixing means for stirring and mixing the excavated earth and sand taken in the bucket and the improving material in the bucket.   18. The work boat according to claim 11, further comprising a backfilling material input device for introducing backfilling material into a drilling hole generated by excavation by the excavating means. A system for controlling air pressure in a bucket provided in the work boat according to claim 12,
A pump for sending compressed air into the bucket;
An exhaust passage for controlling the air pressure in the bucket;
A pressure control system in the bucket. A system for controlling air pressure in a bucket provided in the work boat according to claim 12,
A pump for sending compressed air into the bucket;
An exhaust passage provided to guide the air pressure in the bucket to the outside of the bucket;
Elevating means for raising and lowering the exhaust outlet of the exhaust passage in water;
A pressure control system in the bucket. It is the structure of the bucket which the work boat according to claim 11 comprises,
A bucket body capable of accommodating excavated earth and sand, and
A shell that is provided so as to be openable and closable, and that takes the excavated earth and sand into the bucket body,
The shell has a movable bottom plate that can be opened. The movable bottom plate of the shell is
In conjunction with the movement when the shell opens, the bottom plate is provided to open, and
In conjunction with the operation when the shell closes, the bottom plate is provided to close,
The bucket structure according to claim 21.