JP2017179866A - Building and ventilation tower - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a building and a ventilation tower, which can efficiently provide natural ventilation.SOLUTION: A building includes a roof (2) that has a ventilation opening (24) that communicates with an indoor space, and a ventilation tower (3) that is installed on the roof (2). The ventilation tower (3) includes a body (30) that is extended upward in such a manner as to surround the ventilation opening (24), a valley part (40) that is provided in the state of being depressed downward from a top (31) of the body (30), an opening (50) that is provided in a part of the valley part (40), and a covering member (60) for ventilatably covering the opening (50).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a building and a ventilation tower, and more particularly to a building and a ventilation tower that perform natural ventilation.

  Conventionally, in order to ventilate a building such as a building, a ventilation tower is provided on the roof of the building. It is known that this ventilation tower ventilates the inside of the building using the difference in temperature inside and outside the building and the difference in wind pressure.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a building in which ventilation from the ventilation tower is promoted by providing a heat storage unit in a ventilation tower provided on the roof of the building and generating an upward airflow toward the ventilation tower. Yes.

JP 2014-51855 A

  In the building of cited document 1, since the window which has the function to discharge | emit the air in a ventilation tower to the exterior of a building is provided in the side wall surface of a ventilation tower, an external wind tends to blow in into a ventilation tower from a window. Therefore, even when it is not raining, the window must be closed during strong winds, and natural ventilation by the ventilation tower cannot be effectively performed.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a building and a ventilation tower capable of efficiently performing natural ventilation.

  A building according to an aspect of the present invention includes a roof having a ventilation opening communicating with an indoor space, and a ventilation tower installed in the roof. The ventilation tower surrounds the ventilation opening and extends upward. It includes a trough provided to be recessed downward from the top, an opening provided in a part of the trough, and a covering member that covers the opening in a breathable manner.

  Preferably, the covering member is a louver.

  Preferably, the element which comprises a ventilation tower is the raw material which has translucency.

  Preferably, the covering member can be opened and closed.

  Preferably, the main body has an inclined portion that inclines downward from the top toward the bottom.

  Preferably, the trough portion is substantially U-shaped in a cross-sectional view, includes a pair of side surface portions and a trough surface portion, and the opening portions are respectively provided in the side surface portions.

  Preferably, a plurality of openings are provided side by side on the side surface.

  Preferably, a plate-like member that extends in the horizontal direction at a position below the bottom surface of the valley and has translucency is provided.

  A ventilation tower according to an aspect of the present invention is a ventilation tower installed on a roof having a ventilation opening communicating with an indoor space, and includes a main body that surrounds the ventilation opening and extends upward, and is recessed downward from the top of the main body. It includes a trough provided, an opening provided in a part of the trough, and a covering member that covers the opening in a breathable manner.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the building and ventilation tower which can perform natural ventilation efficiently can be provided.

It is a figure which shows an example of the building which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the ventilation tower provided in the building which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the ventilation tower provided in the building which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. In Embodiment 1 of this invention, it is a figure which shows the structural example of a covering member. It is typical sectional drawing which shows the other structural example of a ventilation tower. It is typical sectional drawing which shows the other structural example of a ventilation tower. It is typical sectional drawing which shows the other structural example of a ventilation tower. It is sectional drawing which shows the ventilation tower provided in the building which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is typical sectional drawing which shows the structural example of a general ventilation tower.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will not be repeated.

<Embodiment 1>
(About the outline of the building)
With reference to FIG. 1, the outline | summary of the building 1 which concerns on this Embodiment is demonstrated. A building 1 according to the present embodiment includes a roof 2 having a ventilation opening 24 communicating with an indoor space, and a ventilation tower 3 installed on the roof 2. The building 1 is a multi-storey building, for example, an office building. The roof 2 is, for example, a flat land roof.

  The building 1 has a plurality of office rooms 11, a plurality of hall rooms 12, and one staircase 13. The office room 11 faces the outer wall and is provided, for example, on the 2nd to 5th floors of the building 1. The corridor room 12 is adjacent to the office room 11 on the same floor via a partition. The staircase 13 is an open-air room that communicates from the first floor to the top floor, for example, and is adjacent to all the corridor rooms 12.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the outer wall of each office 11 is provided with an openable / closable outer wall window 21 that faces the outdoors. In each floor, a path window 22 that can be opened and closed is provided on the partition wall between the office room 11 and the hallway room 12. Further, a door 23 through which air can be ventilated is provided at the boundary between the hallway chamber 12 and the staircase 13. Further, a ventilation opening 24 communicating with the outdoor space is provided between the ceiling 4 located on the upper portion of the staircase 13 and the roof 2. A ventilation tower 3 is provided on the ventilation opening 24. The ventilation space 3 ventilates the indoor space.

(About ventilation tower)
Prior to the description of the ventilation tower 3 provided in the present embodiment, a general ventilation tower will be described. FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the structure of a general ventilation tower 103.

  With reference to FIG. 9, the ventilation tower 103 is installed in the roof 102 which has the ventilation opening 124 connected to indoor space. The ventilation tower 103 includes a main body 130 that surrounds the ventilation opening 124 and extends upward, an opening 150 provided in the main body 130, and an openable / closable window 160 that covers the opening 150. The ventilation tower 103 has translucency and has a function as a top light for daylighting, for example.

  The main body 130 includes a rectangular horizontal plate portion 131 extending in the horizontal direction, and a vertical plate portion 132 connected to each side of the horizontal plate portion 131 and intersecting the roof 102. The opening 150 is provided in the opposing vertical plate portion 132. Thereby, since the temperature difference arises between the ventilation tower 103 and the inside of the ventilation tower 103 by opening the window part 160, natural ventilation can be performed from the opening part 150.

  However, in such a general ventilation tower 103, since the opening 150 is provided in the vertical plate part 132 of the main body 130, the wind directly from the opening 150 into the main body 130 of the ventilation tower 103 in the case of strong wind. There is a risk of blowing. In such a case, since the wind flows backward from the opening 150 into the indoor space, the ventilation tower 103 does not function as a ventilation path.

  On the other hand, in order to prevent blowing into the indoor space, the ventilation tower 3 in the present embodiment is configured as follows.

  FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing the ventilation tower 3 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the ventilation tower 3 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In FIG. 2, the direction indicated by arrow A1 is referred to as the width direction, the direction indicated by arrow A2 is the depth direction, and the direction indicated by arrow A3 is the up-down direction.

  Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, the ventilation tower 3 includes a main body 30 that surrounds the vent opening 24 and extends upward, a trough 40 that is recessed downward from the top 31 of the main body 30, and one of the troughs 40. The opening part 50 provided in the part and the cover member 60 which covers the opening part 50 so that ventilation | gas_flowing is possible are included. The ventilation tower 3 is attached on the roof 2 by an attachment member (not shown) or the like.

  The main body 30 has a substantially trapezoidal shape when viewed from the front (viewed from one side in the depth direction). The vertical length of the main body 30 is, for example, about 800 to 1200 mm. The main body 30 is connected to the top portion 31, the pair of inclined portions 32 that incline from the top portion 31, and both ends in the depth direction of the pair of inclined portions 32, and a pair of standing walls provided substantially perpendicular to the roof 2. Part 33. The top portion 31 is a portion located on the uppermost side of the main body 30. The inclination angle of the pair of inclined portions 32 is less than 60 ° with respect to the vertical plane, and specifically 30 ° to 45 ° is desirable. The standing wall portion 33 covers both end portions of the valley portion 40 in the depth direction. The inclined portion 32 and the standing wall portion 33 are formed of a translucent material, for example, a glass with a mesh. These glasses are supported by an aluminum frame or the like.

  As described above, the valley portion 40 extends along the depth direction of the main body 30. Specifically, the valley portion 40 is substantially U-shaped in a cross-sectional view and includes a pair of side surface portions 41 and a bottom surface portion 42. The pair of side surface portions 41 are connected to both end portions in the width direction of the bottom surface portion 42 and extend substantially vertically. The upper end of each side surface portion 41 is connected to the upper end of the inclined portion 32, and this connecting portion is included in the top portion 31. That is, the top part 31 does not include a flat part in a sectional view. The side surface portion 41 and the bottom surface portion 42 are formed of a material having translucency, and for example, a substantially rectangular net-containing glass is used. The bottom surface portion 42 is located above the lower end of the main body 30 (the lower end of the inclined portion 32).

  The opening 50 is a part that communicates the indoor space and the outdoor space, and discharges the air in the indoor space rising from the ventilation opening 24 to the outdoor space. The opening 50 has, for example, a substantially rectangular shape, and is provided in each of the pair of side surfaces 41. That is, the opening 50 is provided in the valley 40 so as to face each other. The vertical length of the opening 50 is desirably 400 to 600 mm, for example. The opening 50 extends along the lateral direction of the side surface 41 (the depth direction of the main body 30). In addition, the opening part 50 does not need to be provided over the horizontal direction full length of the side part 41. FIG.

  In order to prevent rainwater from accumulating in the valley 40, a drain outlet or the like may be provided in the main body 30 or the valley 40. Moreover, it is good also as a structure where the rainwater which flowed down to the lower end part of a gradient is drained from a drain outlet.

  As described above, the covering member 60 covers the opening 50 so as to allow ventilation. The covering member 60 can be opened and closed. The covering member 60 is, for example, an opening / closing mechanism such as an overturning window, and is an opening / closing member that rotates with the lower end of the covering member 60 as a fulcrum. The covering member 60 is formed of a material having translucency. The covering member 60 is provided with an arm 63 that is connected to the upper end of the side surface portion 41. The opening / closing angle of the covering member 60 can be adjusted by the arm 63.

  The covering member 60 is preferably a louver as shown in FIG. 4A is a front view illustrating a configuration example of the covering member 60, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IVB-IVB in FIG. 4A. The covering member 60 includes a substantially rectangular frame body 61 and a plurality of blades 62 supported by the frame body 61. The wing plate 62 extends obliquely downward toward the outdoors and is fixed to the frame body 61. Thereby, when the weather is good, it is possible to ventilate by opening the covering member 60 itself. In the case of rain, ventilation can be performed from the gap between the slats 62 even if the covering member 60 is closed. As shown in FIG. 4, the side surface portion 41 is provided with a rising portion 410 below the opening 50. The vertical length of the rising portion 410 is, for example, 100 mm or more, and preferably 200 mm or more. Thereby, even if rainwater collects in the valley part 40 somewhat, rainwater can be prevented from entering the indoor space from the opening 50.

  Moreover, even if the cover member 60 is provided in a relatively wide range of the side surface portion 41 by using at least the wing plate 62 as a polycarbonate material, it is possible to ensure the daylighting property.

  Since the element which comprises the ventilation tower 3 of this Embodiment is a raw material which has translucency, solar radiation heat can be taken in in the ventilation tower 3 efficiently. Thereby, the temperature in the ventilation tower 3 can be raised, an updraft can be generated in the indoor space, and natural ventilation can be efficiently performed.

  Furthermore, by providing the opening 50 in the valley 40, it is possible to prevent wind from blowing from the opening 50 even in the case of strong wind. Thereby, the building 1 can perform natural ventilation efficiently. Furthermore, since the inclined portion 32 is provided, the wind flows upward along the inclined surface of the inclined portion 32 and flows above the valley portion 40 as shown in FIG. Backflow into the indoor space can be prevented, and the time for using natural energy can be increased. Conventionally, in order to obtain a suction effect, there has been a building provided with a strong fence around the ventilation tower. However, in such a building, there is a risk that the fence will collapse in a strong wind. On the other hand, since the building 1 of this Embodiment does not need to provide separate members, such as a fence, by employ | adopting the ventilation tower 3, it is also possible to improve safety | security.

  In addition, the shape of the main body 30 of the ventilation tower 3 is not limited to this Embodiment. For example, as shown in the ventilation tower 3 </ b> A of FIG. 5, the top portion 31 </ b> A may include a pair of flat portions 34 extending in the horizontal direction. In this case, the main body 30 </ b> A includes a side wall portion 32 </ b> A that is connected to the outer end portion of each flat portion 34 instead of the inclined portion 32 and intersects the roof 2 substantially perpendicularly. Further, the inner end portion of the flat portion 34 is connected to the upper end of the side surface portion 41 of the valley portion 40. Further, as shown in the ventilation tower 3 </ b> B of FIG. 6, the main body 30 </ b> B may include a curved portion 32 </ b> B instead of the inclined portion 32.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, the trough 40 </ b> A provided to be recessed downward from the top 31 </ b> B may be formed in a substantially C shape in cross section.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the cover member 60 of the ventilation tower 3 has been described as using an opening / closing mechanism such as an external fall window, but is not limited thereto. For example, as shown in FIG. 7A, the covering member 60A of the ventilation tower 3C may be an opening / closing mechanism such as a protruding window. That is, the cover member 60A may be an opening / closing member that rotates with its upper end as a fulcrum. The covering member 60A has a smaller height dimension (vertical length) than the covering member 60 shown in FIG. 3, and is provided, for example, two on the pair of side surface portions 41 side by side. When the cover member 60 having a relatively large height is used as an opening / closing member such as a protruding window as in the ventilation tower 3 of FIG. 3 in the present embodiment, as in the ventilation tower 3E shown in FIG. In the open state, the upper part of the valley 40 is covered by the covering member 60B, and thus natural ventilation may be hindered.

  However, in this configuration example, like the ventilation tower 3D shown in FIG. 7A, the height of the covering member 60A is reduced, and two covering members 60A are provided on the upper and lower sides. With such a configuration, in the open state, the upper part of the valley 40 is not covered by the covering member 60A, so that natural ventilation is not hindered. Further, by providing two openings 50A instead of one, even if the height dimension of the opening 50A is reduced, the total height dimension of the two openings 50A and the height dimension of the opening 50 are obtained. It can be made substantially the same. Thereby, since the sum total of the opening area of two opening part 50A can be made substantially the same as the opening area of the opening part 50, sufficient air volume can be ensured. Note that a plurality of covering members 60 </ b> A may be provided on the side surface portion 41 side by side, and for example, three or more covering members may be provided.

  Further, in order to prevent the wind from being blown into the valley part 40 more reliably, the pair of standing wall parts 33 may be provided so as to incline from the top part 31 like the inclined part 32. Thereby, a sufficient suction effect can be expected regardless of the wind direction.

  Further, the standing wall 33 does not have to block both end portions in the depth direction of the space in the valley 40. In that case, both end portions in the depth direction of the valley portion 40 may be released. Alternatively, a member that closes the space in the valley 40 may be provided separately.

  Moreover, when the cover member 60 has a vent hole like a louver, it is not always necessary to provide the cover member 60 so that it can be opened and closed. In this case, for example, the cover member 60 may be provided so as to be openable / closable by fixing the slat 62 to the frame body 61 and rotating the slat 62 with respect to the frame body 61 so as to be openable / closable.

  In the present embodiment, the opening 50 is provided in the side surface 41. However, the covering member 60 only needs to be provided in the valley portion 40 and does not necessarily have to be provided in the side surface portion 41. For example, the covering member 60 may be provided on the bottom surface portion 42 of the valley portion 40.

  Moreover, the element which comprises the ventilation tower 3 is not limited to the raw material which has translucency.

<Embodiment 2>
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a building 1E according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. With reference to FIG. 8, building 1E according to the present embodiment will be described. About the same part as the said embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is not repeated.

  Building 1E according to the present embodiment includes ventilation tower 3E. The height dimension of the ventilation tower 3E is larger than that of the ventilation tower 3 of the first embodiment. Specifically, the main body 30 </ b> E is provided with a vertical wall portion 36 between the inclined portion 32 and the roof 2. The vertical wall portion 36 is formed of a member similar to the inclined portion 32, for example, a member having translucency.

  A plate-like member 70 extending in the horizontal direction is provided at the lower end of the ventilation opening 24. The plate-like member 70 is disposed flush with the ceiling 4, for example. The plate member 70 is attached to the ceiling 4 by a support member 71. That is, the support member 71 attaches the plate-like member 70 to substantially the entire vent opening 24 in plan view. A slit 72 is provided between the support member 71 and the ceiling 4. Thereby, the air in the indoor space passes through the slit 72 and moves into the ventilation opening 24.

  The plate-like member 70 is a member having heat insulation properties. The plate-like member 70 preferably has translucency, and is, for example, a polycarbonate material having a hollow layer. The ventilation tower 3E is made of a light-transmitting material, and the lower part of the internal space is covered with the plate-like member 70, so that a heat pool B is formed between the ventilation tower 3E and the plate-like member 70. Thereby, an updraft is generated in the building 1E, and natural ventilation by the ventilation tower 3E can be further promoted. Furthermore, since the height dimension of the ventilation tower 3E is larger than that of the ventilation tower 3E of the first embodiment, it is possible to increase the heat storage amount in the ventilation tower 3E.

  In the second embodiment, the plate-like member 70 is disposed so as to be flush with the ceiling 4, but may be provided at a position lower than the bottom surface portion 42 of the valley portion 40. For example, the main body 30 may be disposed at the lower end position. Further, the plate-like member 70 may be fixed to the main body 30E directly or indirectly in advance. That is, the plate-like member 70 may be a component of the main body 30E.

  In each of the above embodiments, a building provided with a ventilation tower has been described. However, the ventilation tower may be unitized and the ventilation tower may be provided alone.

  Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments. Various modifications and variations can be made to the illustrated embodiment within the same range or equivalent range as the present invention.

  1, 1E building, 2 roof, 3, 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, 3E Ventilation tower, 4 ceiling, 11 office room, 12 corridor room, 13 staircase room, 21 exterior wall window, 22 route window, 23 door, 24 ventilation Opening, 30, 30A, 30B, 30E Main body, 31, 31A, 31B Top, 32 Inclined part, 32A Side wall part, 32B Curved part, 33 Standing wall part, 34 Flat part, 40, 40A Valley part, 41 Side part, 42 Bottom face Part, 50, 50A opening, 60, 60A covering member, 61 frame, 62 wing plate, 70 plate member, 71 support member, 72 slit, 102 roof, 103 ventilation tower, 124 vent opening, 130 body, 131 horizontal Plate part, 132 Vertical plate part, 150 Opening part, 160 Window part, 410 Standing part.

Claims (9)

A roof having a vent opening communicating with the indoor space;
A ventilation tower installed on the roof,
The ventilation tower includes a main body that surrounds the ventilation opening and extends upward, a trough provided to be recessed downward from a top of the main body, an opening provided in a part of the trough, and the opening And a covering member that covers the air in a breathable manner.   The building according to claim 1, wherein the covering member is a gallery.   The building of Claim 1 or 2 whose element which comprises the said ventilation tower is a raw material which has translucency.   The building according to claim 1, wherein the covering member can be opened and closed.   The said main body is a building in any one of Claims 1-4 which has the inclination part which inclines toward the end from the said top part toward the downward direction. The trough is substantially U-shaped in a cross-sectional view, and includes a pair of side parts and a bottom part,
The building according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the opening is provided in each of the side portions.   The building according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of the openings are provided on the side surface side by side.   The building according to claim 6 or 7, wherein a plate-like member that extends in a horizontal direction at a position below the bottom surface of the valley and has translucency is provided. A ventilation tower installed on a roof having a vent opening communicating with an indoor space,
A main body that surrounds the ventilation opening and extends upward, a valley that is recessed downward from the top of the main body, an opening that is provided in a part of the valley, and covers the opening so as to allow ventilation. A ventilation tower including a covering member.

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