JP2017155613A - Trash power generating system - Google Patents

Trash power generating system Download PDF

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JP2017155613A
JP2017155613A JP2016037457A JP2016037457A JP2017155613A JP 2017155613 A JP2017155613 A JP 2017155613A JP 2016037457 A JP2016037457 A JP 2016037457A JP 2016037457 A JP2016037457 A JP 2016037457A JP 2017155613 A JP2017155613 A JP 2017155613A
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steam
pressure turbine
boiler
supplied
turbine
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JP6810378B2 (en
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秀雄 菅原
Hideo Sugawara
秀雄 菅原
加藤　政一
Masaichi Kato
政一 加藤
瑛佑 近藤
Eisuke Kondo
瑛佑 近藤
小山　俊彦
Toshihiko Koyama
俊彦 小山
州央 片山
Kunio Katayama
州央 片山
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Tokyo Gas Co Ltd
Tokyo Denki University
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Tokyo Gas Co Ltd
Tokyo Denki University
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste

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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce high temperature corrosion risk when a trash power generating system achieves its high performance operation.SOLUTION: A trash power generating system 1 comprises a boiler 10 heated by waste heat generated by combustion of trash and a steam turbine power generator 2 driven by steam generated by the boiler 10. The steam turbine power generator 2 comprises a high pressure turbine 11 to which steam of temperature not producing any high temperature corrosion is supplied from the boiler 10; a middle and low pressure turbine 12 to which exhaust of the high pressure turbine 11 is supplied; and a water supply path W1 where the exhaust of the middle and low pressure turbine 12 is condensed and supplied to the boiler 10. The exhaust from the high pressure turbine 11 is supplied to the middle and low pressure turbine 12 through a dehumidifier 13 and the water supply path W1 is provided with a water supply heater 15 to which steam extracted from the middle and low pressure turbine 12 is supplied.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、ごみ発電システムに関し、詳しくは、ごみ焼却の燃焼エネルギーを利用した蒸気タービン発電システムに関するものである。   The present invention relates to a waste power generation system, and more particularly, to a steam turbine power generation system using combustion energy of waste incineration.

清掃工場などに併設されるごみ発電システムとしては、ごみ焼却炉の廃熱ボイラに対して、蒸気タービン発電装置を連結したシステムが一般に知られている。このようなごみ発電システムの高効率化は、主に蒸気条件の高温高圧化によってなされており、ボイラからの蒸気を高温に過熱する過熱器を設置したシステムが知られている（下記特許文献１参照）。過熱器としては、廃熱ボイラ内に設ける方式や、ガスタービンを併設して、ガスタービンの廃熱を利用する方式などがある。   2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a waste power generation system that is installed in a cleaning factory or the like is a system in which a steam turbine power generator is connected to a waste heat boiler of a waste incinerator. High efficiency of such a waste power generation system is mainly achieved by high-temperature and high-pressure steam conditions, and a system in which a superheater that superheats steam from a boiler to a high temperature is known (see Patent Document 1 below). ). As the superheater, there are a method of installing in a waste heat boiler, a method of using a waste heat of a gas turbine by providing a gas turbine, and the like.

特開平９−４４２０号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-4420

過熱器を用いたごみ発電システムの高効率化は、蒸気条件を３〜４ＭＰａ・ｇ，３００〜４００℃の高温高圧にすることで、発電端効率を向上させるものであるが、蒸気の高温化は、発電端効率を向上させる利点はあるものの、ボイラ（過熱管など）の高温腐食リスクを高める問題がある。ごみ発電の燃料であるごみは、塩素（Ｃｌ）分を含む特質を有している。この塩素分が燃焼過程で塩化水素（ＨＣｌ）になるが、蒸気温度が３００℃以上の領域では、塩化水素がボイラ管や過熱管に対して激しい高温腐食を起こすことが知られている。この高温腐食は、塩素分が少ない場合にも生起する。   The efficiency improvement of the waste power generation system using a superheater is to improve the power generation end efficiency by setting the steam conditions to a high temperature and high pressure of 3 to 4 MPa · g, 300 to 400 ° C. Although there is an advantage of improving the power generation end efficiency, there is a problem of increasing the risk of hot corrosion of a boiler (such as a superheated tube). Garbage, which is a fuel for waste power generation, has characteristics including chlorine (Cl). Although this chlorine content becomes hydrogen chloride (HCl) during the combustion process, it is known that hydrogen chloride causes severe high temperature corrosion on the boiler tube and the superheated tube in the region where the steam temperature is 300 ° C. or higher. This high temperature corrosion occurs even when the chlorine content is low.

このため、ごみ焼却ボイラにおいては、一般に蒸気温度の制限が設けられている。しかしながら、近年、過熱管に高価な耐食性材料を使用するなどして、蒸気条件を４ＭＰａ・ｇ，４００℃程度にすることで、高効率発電を目指す事例が増加している。このような場合、高価な耐食性材料を使用したとしても、高温腐食そのものをなくすることはできないので、長期の安定した継続運転を実現するには、過熱管の定期的な交換が避けられず、多大な補修費が必要になる問題がある。   For this reason, in a waste incineration boiler, the restriction | limiting of steam temperature is generally provided. However, in recent years, there are an increasing number of cases aiming at high-efficiency power generation by setting the steam condition to about 4 MPa · g and 400 ° C. by using an expensive corrosion-resistant material for the superheated tube. In such a case, even if an expensive corrosion-resistant material is used, high-temperature corrosion itself cannot be eliminated, so in order to achieve long-term stable continuous operation, periodic replacement of the superheated tube is inevitable, There is a problem that requires a large amount of repair costs.

本発明は、このような問題に対処することを課題とするものである。すなわち、ごみ発電システムの高効率化を実現するに際して、ボイラの高温腐食リスクをなくすこと、多大な補修費を要すること無く、高効率で安定したごみ発電システムの継続運転を可能にすること、などが本発明の課題である。   An object of the present invention is to deal with such a problem. In other words, when realizing high efficiency of the waste power generation system, it eliminates the risk of high temperature corrosion of the boiler, enables continuous operation of a highly efficient and stable waste power generation system without requiring a large repair cost, etc. Is the subject of the present invention.

このような課題を解決するために、本発明によるごみ発電システムは、以下の構成を具備するものである。   In order to solve such a problem, a refuse power generation system according to the present invention has the following configuration.

ごみ焼却の廃熱によって加熱されるボイラと、前記ボイラからの蒸気で駆動される蒸気タービン発電装置とを備え、前記蒸気タービン発電装置は、前記ボイラから高温腐食を生じない温度の蒸気が供給される高圧タービンと、前記高圧タービンの排気が供給される中低圧タービンと、前記中低圧タービンの排気を復水して前記ボイラに供給する給水経路を備え、前記高圧タービンの排気は除湿器を介して前記中低圧タービンに供給され、前記給水経路には、前記中低圧タービンから抽気した蒸気が供給される給水加熱器が設けられることを特徴とするごみ発電システム。   A boiler that is heated by waste heat from incineration, and a steam turbine generator that is driven by steam from the boiler, the steam turbine generator being supplied with steam at a temperature that does not cause high temperature corrosion from the boiler. A high-pressure turbine, an intermediate-low pressure turbine to which exhaust from the high-pressure turbine is supplied, and a water supply path for condensing the exhaust from the intermediate-low pressure turbine and supplying the exhaust to the boiler, the exhaust from the high-pressure turbine via a dehumidifier The wastewater power generation system is characterized in that a feedwater heater is provided to be supplied to the intermediate / low pressure turbine, and the water supply path is supplied with steam extracted from the intermediate / low pressure turbine.

このような特徴を有するごみ発電システムは、ボイラから高温腐食を生じない温度の蒸気が高圧タービンに供給されるので、ボイラの高温腐食リスクをなくすことができ、また、高圧タービンの排気が除湿器を介して中低圧タービンに供給され、且つ、中低圧タービンから抽気した蒸気によって給水加熱が行われるので、蒸気温度を高温にすることなく高効率の発電を行うことができる。   In the garbage power generation system having such characteristics, steam at a temperature at which high temperature corrosion does not occur is supplied from the boiler to the high pressure turbine, so that the risk of high temperature corrosion of the boiler can be eliminated, and the exhaust of the high pressure turbine is dehumidified. Since the feed water is heated by the steam supplied to the intermediate / low pressure turbine and extracted from the intermediate / low pressure turbine, high-efficiency power generation can be performed without increasing the steam temperature.

本発明の実施形態に係るごみ発電システムの要部を示した説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which showed the principal part of the refuse power generation system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係るごみ発電システムが併設される清掃工場フローシートを示した説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which showed the cleaning factory flow sheet in which the refuse power generation system which concerns on embodiment of this invention is attached. 本発明の実施形態に係るごみ発電システムにおける蒸気スチーム発電装置のシステム構成例を示した説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which showed the system structural example of the steam steam power generator in the refuse power generation system which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

以下、図面を参照して本発明の実施形態を説明する。図１は、本発明の実施形態に係るごみ発電システムの要部を示している。ごみ発電システム１は、ボイラ１０と、ボイラ１０からの蒸気で駆動される蒸気タービン発電装置２とを備えている。ボイラ１０は、図示省略したごみ焼却炉の廃熱によって加熱され、高温腐食を起こさない程度の温度（３００℃未満）の蒸気を発生させるものである。蒸気タービン発電装置２は、ボイラ１０からの蒸気で駆動する蒸気タービン２Ａと、蒸気タービン２Ａにより駆動される発電機２Ｂを備えている。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a main part of a refuse power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The garbage power generation system 1 includes a boiler 10 and a steam turbine power generation device 2 driven by steam from the boiler 10. The boiler 10 is heated by waste heat from a waste incinerator (not shown) and generates steam at a temperature (less than 300 ° C.) that does not cause high temperature corrosion. The steam turbine power generator 2 includes a steam turbine 2A that is driven by steam from the boiler 10 and a generator 2B that is driven by the steam turbine 2A.

蒸気タービン２Ａは、高圧タービン１１と中低圧タービン１２とを備え、これらと発電機２Ｂが同軸に接続されている。ボイラ１０と高圧タービン１１の入口とは、過熱器を有さない蒸気経路Ｓ１で接続されており、高圧タービン１１の出口と中低圧タービン１２の入口とは、除湿器１３を介した蒸気経路Ｓ２で接続されている。また、中低圧タービン１２の出口は復水器１４に接続され、復水器１４からの給水経路Ｗ１がボイラ１０に接続されている。そして、中低圧タービン１２から抽気された蒸気経路Ｓ３が給水経路に設けられる給水加熱器１５に接続されている。   The steam turbine 2A includes a high-pressure turbine 11 and a medium-low pressure turbine 12, and the generator 2B is coaxially connected thereto. The boiler 10 and the inlet of the high-pressure turbine 11 are connected by a steam path S1 that does not have a superheater, and the outlet of the high-pressure turbine 11 and the inlet of the intermediate- and low-pressure turbine 12 are connected to the steam path S2 via the dehumidifier 13. Connected with. Further, the outlet of the intermediate / low pressure turbine 12 is connected to the condenser 14, and the water supply path W <b> 1 from the condenser 14 is connected to the boiler 10. The steam path S3 extracted from the intermediate / low pressure turbine 12 is connected to a feed water heater 15 provided in the feed water path.

このようなごみ発電システム１の蒸気タービン発電装置２では、ボイラ１０から高温腐食を生じない温度の蒸気が高圧タービン１１に供給され、高圧タービン１１の排気が中低圧タービン１２に供給され、中低圧タービン１２の排気が復水器１４にて復水されて、給水経路Ｗ１を経由してボイラ１０に供給される。ここで、高圧タービン１１の排気は除湿器１３を介して除湿されることで、乾き度が高く比エンタルピーが上昇した飽和蒸気となって中低圧タービン１２に供給される。また、給水経路Ｗ１を経由してボイラ１０に戻る水は、中低圧タービン１２から抽気した蒸気が供給される給水加熱器１５によって加熱される。   In such a steam turbine power generation device 2 of the garbage power generation system 1, steam at a temperature that does not cause high temperature corrosion is supplied from the boiler 10 to the high pressure turbine 11, and exhaust gas from the high pressure turbine 11 is supplied to the medium to low pressure turbine 12. The 12 exhaust gases are condensed by the condenser 14 and supplied to the boiler 10 via the water supply path W1. Here, the exhaust gas from the high-pressure turbine 11 is dehumidified via the dehumidifier 13, and is supplied to the medium- and low-pressure turbine 12 as saturated steam having a high dryness and a high specific enthalpy. Further, the water returning to the boiler 10 via the water supply path W <b> 1 is heated by the feed water heater 15 to which the steam extracted from the intermediate / low pressure turbine 12 is supplied.

このようなごみ発電システム１によると、ボイラ１０からの蒸気を過熱することなく高圧タービン１１に供給するので、従来問題となっていたごみ中の塩素分に起因するボイラ１０の高温腐食を避けることができる。これにより、長期間に亘りボイラ水管などの交換が不要になり、メンテナンスコストを抑えながら安心安全な運転を長期間行うことができる。また、高温腐食リスクをなくすことで、ボイラ各部には、高価な耐食性材料を用いる必要が無く、初期の設備費用を抑えることもできる。   According to such a waste power generation system 1, since steam from the boiler 10 is supplied to the high-pressure turbine 11 without overheating, it is possible to avoid high temperature corrosion of the boiler 10 due to chlorine in the waste, which has been a problem in the past. it can. As a result, it is not necessary to replace the boiler water pipe or the like for a long period of time, and a safe and safe operation can be performed for a long period of time while reducing maintenance costs. Further, by eliminating the risk of high-temperature corrosion, it is not necessary to use expensive corrosion-resistant materials for each part of the boiler, and initial equipment costs can be reduced.

更に、ボイラ１０には過熱器を設けないので、ボイラ１０の構造が単純になり、ボイラ１０の製造・組み立てが容易になる。また、熱貫流率は、一般に過熱器に比べてボイラ本体部の方が高くとれるため、過熱器を無くすことで、同一交換熱量であれば、ボイラ１０の伝熱面積を小さくできる。よって、ボイラ１０全体の構造が簡単になりコンパクト化が可能になる。   Furthermore, since the boiler 10 is not provided with a superheater, the structure of the boiler 10 is simplified, and manufacture and assembly of the boiler 10 are facilitated. In addition, since the heat transfer rate is generally higher in the boiler body than in the superheater, the heat transfer area of the boiler 10 can be reduced by eliminating the superheater and the same amount of heat exchange. Therefore, the structure of the boiler 10 as a whole is simplified and can be made compact.

そして、高圧タービン１１の排気を除湿器１３で除湿することで比エンタルピーを上昇させて中低圧タービン１２に供給し、中低圧タービン１２の排気を復水してボイラ１０に戻す給水経路Ｗ１に、中低圧タービン１２の抽気よって過熱される給水加熱器１５を設けたので、熱効率の高い蒸気タービンサイクルを実現することができ、ごみ発電システム１の高効率化が可能になる。   The dehumidifier 13 dehumidifies the exhaust from the high pressure turbine 11 to increase the specific enthalpy and supply it to the intermediate / low pressure turbine 12, and condenses the exhaust from the intermediate / low pressure turbine 12 to return to the boiler 10. Since the feed water heater 15 that is superheated by the bleed air of the intermediate / low pressure turbine 12 is provided, a steam turbine cycle with high thermal efficiency can be realized, and the waste power generation system 1 can be highly efficient.

図２は、本発明の実施形態に係るごみ発電システムが設けられる清掃工場の一例を示している。ごみＲｅが投入されるごみ焼却炉２０は、１次空気が供給されるストーカ炉２１と燃焼ガスが供給される１次燃焼炉と２次空気が供給される２次燃焼炉２３などを備えており、ごみ焼却炉２０に併設してボイラ１０が設置されている。ボイラ１０は、ボイラ本体１０Ｐと、ごみ焼却炉２０の排ガスの余熱を利用して給水の予熱を行うエコノマイザ（ＥＣＯ）１０Ａと、ドラム１０Ｂを備えており、エコノマイザ１０Ａで予熱された給水がごみ焼却炉２０の廃熱で加熱されるドラム１０Ｂに送られ、ドラム１０Ｂで高圧タービン１１に供給される蒸気を発生させる。ここで発生する蒸気は、３００℃未満の温度に抑えられた高温腐食リスクのない蒸気である。   FIG. 2 shows an example of a cleaning factory provided with a waste power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The waste incinerator 20 into which the waste Re is charged includes a stalker furnace 21 to which primary air is supplied, a primary combustion furnace to which combustion gas is supplied, a secondary combustion furnace 23 to which secondary air is supplied, and the like. In addition, the boiler 10 is installed adjacent to the waste incinerator 20. The boiler 10 includes a boiler body 10P, an economizer (ECO) 10A for preheating water supply using the residual heat of the exhaust gas from the waste incinerator 20, and a drum 10B. Steam that is sent to the drum 10B heated by the waste heat of the furnace 20 and supplied to the high-pressure turbine 11 is generated by the drum 10B. The steam generated here is steam that is suppressed to a temperature of less than 300 ° C. and has no risk of high-temperature corrosion.

ボイラ１０（エコノマイザ１０Ａ）を通過したごみ焼却炉２０の排ガスは、誘引通風機２６で誘引されて排気筒２７から放散されるが、誘引通風機２６に至る前に、Ｎａ系薬剤が投入されるバッグフィルタ２４を通過することでフライアッシュが除かれ、ＮＯｘ還元触媒２５を通過することでＮＯｘが除去される。   Exhaust gas from the waste incinerator 20 that has passed through the boiler 10 (economizer 10A) is attracted by the induction fan 26 and diffused from the exhaust pipe 27, but before reaching the induction fan 26, Na-based chemicals are introduced. Fly ash is removed by passing through the bag filter 24, and NOx is removed by passing through the NOx reduction catalyst 25.

図３は、本発明の実施形態における蒸気タービン発電装置のシステム構成例を示している。前述した説明と重複する部位には同一符号を付して重複説明を省略する。図３において、実線が蒸気流通ラインであり、一点破線が水流通ラインである。蒸気流通ラインには、圧力制御弁Ｖ１又は常時閉弁Ｖ２が適宜設けられ、水流通ラインには、レベル制御弁Ｖ３が適宜設けられる。   FIG. 3 shows a system configuration example of the steam turbine power generator in the embodiment of the present invention. Portions that overlap with the above description are given the same reference numerals and redundant description is omitted. In FIG. 3, a solid line is a steam distribution line, and a one-dot broken line is a water distribution line. A pressure control valve V1 or a normally closed valve V2 is appropriately provided in the steam circulation line, and a level control valve V3 is appropriately provided in the water circulation line.

図示の例において、ボイラ１０で発生した蒸気は、圧力制御弁Ｖ１と調速弁Ｖｓを介して、高圧タービン１１の入口に供給される。また、ボイラ１０からの蒸気の一部は、蒸気再熱用の熱源として用いられ、後述する再熱器１６に供給される。   In the illustrated example, the steam generated in the boiler 10 is supplied to the inlet of the high-pressure turbine 11 via the pressure control valve V1 and the governing valve Vs. A part of the steam from the boiler 10 is used as a heat source for steam reheating and supplied to a reheater 16 described later.

高圧タービン１１の出口から排気された蒸気は、その一部がプロセスＰの脱気器１７用加熱蒸気及び施設の場内の熱として利用され、その余の蒸気は、除湿器１３に導かれる。除湿器１３で発生するドレンは脱気器１７に導かれる。   A part of the steam exhausted from the outlet of the high-pressure turbine 11 is used as heating steam for the deaerator 17 of the process P and heat in the facility, and the remaining steam is guided to the dehumidifier 13. The drain generated in the dehumidifier 13 is guided to the deaerator 17.

ここで、ボイラ（エコノマイザ付き自然循環式廃熱ボイラ）１０の運転圧力は、例えば、５．４ＭＰａ・ｇの飽和蒸気であり、その温度は、高温腐食のリスクがない２７０℃程度とする。このボイラ１０には過熱器は設けない。そして、高圧タービン１１の排気は、例えば、圧力０．９ＭＰａ・ｇ、温度１８０℃、乾き度８８％程度の飽和蒸気になるが、一部の蒸気の熱利用と除湿器１３による除湿によって、乾き度９９％以上の飽和蒸気となる。   Here, the operating pressure of the boiler (natural circulation waste heat boiler with economizer) 10 is, for example, 5.4 MPa · g of saturated steam, and its temperature is about 270 ° C. without risk of high-temperature corrosion. This boiler 10 is not provided with a superheater. The exhaust from the high-pressure turbine 11 becomes saturated steam having a pressure of 0.9 MPa · g, a temperature of 180 ° C., and a dryness of about 88%, for example, but is dried by heat utilization of some steam and dehumidification by the dehumidifier 13. It becomes saturated steam of degree 99% or more.

そして、除湿器１３出口の乾き飽和蒸気は、さらに再熱器１６に導かれ、圧力０．８ＭＰａ・ｇ、温度２２０℃程度の過熱蒸気となって、調速弁Ｖｓを介して中低圧タービン１２の入口に供給される。再熱器１６の熱源は、前述したように、ボイラ１０の発生蒸気を利用している。再熱器１６の加熱後のドレン水は、再熱器用フラッシュタンク１８に送ることでフラッシュさせ、フラッシュ蒸気を再熱器１６の入口部で回収し、残余のドレン水はレベル制御弁Ｖ３を介して脱気器１７に送られる。   Then, the dry saturated steam at the outlet of the dehumidifier 13 is further guided to the reheater 16 to become superheated steam having a pressure of 0.8 MPa · g and a temperature of about 220 ° C., and the medium / low pressure turbine 12 is connected via the governing valve Vs. Supplied to the entrance. As described above, the heat source of the reheater 16 uses the steam generated by the boiler 10. The drain water after heating by the reheater 16 is sent to the reheater flash tank 18 to be flushed, and the flash steam is recovered at the inlet of the reheater 16, and the remaining drain water is passed through the level control valve V3. And sent to the deaerator 17.

中低圧タービン１２に供給された蒸気は、中低圧タービン１２の途中段で抽気され、圧力制御弁Ｖ１を介して給水加熱器１５に送られてボイラ給水の加熱を行う。中低圧タービン１２に供給された蒸気の残余は、中低圧タービン１２の出口から排気され、全て空冷式の復水器１４に導かれ、凝縮して復水としてタンク１４Ａに溜められる。中低圧タービン１２の排気は、例えば、排気圧力が外気温度２０℃で１０．１ｋＰａ・ａ，温度４６℃程度の飽和蒸気、外気温度３２℃で１８．８ｋＰａ・ａ，温度５８℃程度の飽和蒸気となる。   The steam supplied to the intermediate / low pressure turbine 12 is extracted at an intermediate stage of the intermediate / low pressure turbine 12, and sent to the feed water heater 15 via the pressure control valve V1 to heat the boiler feed water. The remainder of the steam supplied to the intermediate / low pressure turbine 12 is exhausted from the outlet of the intermediate / low pressure turbine 12, all led to the air-cooled condenser 14, condensed and stored in the tank 14 </ b> A as condensed water. The exhaust of the medium-low pressure turbine 12 is, for example, saturated steam having an exhaust pressure of 10.1 kPa · a and a temperature of about 46 ° C. at an outside air temperature of 20 ° C., saturated steam having a temperature of about 18.8 kPa · a and a temperature of about 58 ° C. It becomes.

中低圧タービン１２で抽気した蒸気は、給水加熱器１５を経由した後、フラッシュタンク１９に送られ、フラッシュ蒸気は復水されてタンク１４Ａに送られ、フラッシュタンク１９における残余のドレン水は、レベル制御弁Ｖ３を介してタンク１４Ａに送られる。   The steam extracted by the intermediate / low pressure turbine 12 passes through the feed water heater 15 and then is sent to the flash tank 19, the flash steam is condensed and sent to the tank 14 </ b> A, and the remaining drain water in the flash tank 19 is leveled. It is sent to the tank 14A through the control valve V3.

タンク１４に溜められた復水は、復水ポンプ２８によって給水経路Ｗ１を通って一端脱気器１７に送られ、脱気器１７から給水ポンプ２９によって給水経路Ｗ２を通ってボイラ１０に供給される（給水経路Ｗ１，Ｗ２には必要に応じてレベル制御弁Ｖ３が設けられる。）。   The condensate stored in the tank 14 is sent to the deaerator 17 through the water supply path W1 by the condensate pump 28 and supplied to the boiler 10 from the deaerator 17 through the water supply path W2 by the water supply pump 29. (The water supply paths W1 and W2 are provided with a level control valve V3 as required.)

このような蒸気タービン発電装置２は、蒸気タービン２Ａを駆動する蒸気サイクルにおいて、高圧タービン１１の入口と中低圧タービン１２の出口との間の熱落差は、過熱器を採用した高温高圧方式のものと比べて減少することになるが、ボイラ１０の出口エンタルピーが高温高圧方式のものよりも低いのでボイラ１０の発生蒸気量が増加する。また、除湿器１３と再熱器１６の採用によって増加するエンタルピーによって前述した熱落差をカバーすることになり、中低圧タービン１２の出口エンタルピーが高温高圧方式のものより低くなる。これにより、発電端効率を実質的に高温高圧方式のものよりも向上させることが可能になる。なお、図３に示した構成例では、高圧タービン１１の入口蒸気の比容積（ｍ3／ｋｇ）を高温高圧方式のものに比べて小さくすることができるので、高効率化を実現しながらタービンの小型化が可能になる。 In such a steam turbine power generation device 2, in the steam cycle that drives the steam turbine 2 </ b> A, the heat drop between the inlet of the high-pressure turbine 11 and the outlet of the intermediate- and low-pressure turbine 12 is a high-temperature and high-pressure type that employs a superheater. However, since the exit enthalpy of the boiler 10 is lower than that of the high temperature and high pressure system, the amount of steam generated in the boiler 10 increases. Moreover, the heat drop mentioned above is covered by the enthalpy which increases by adoption of the dehumidifier 13 and the reheater 16, and the exit enthalpy of the intermediate / low pressure turbine 12 becomes lower than that of the high temperature / high pressure type. Thereby, it becomes possible to improve the power generation end efficiency substantially higher than that of the high temperature and high pressure type. In the configuration example shown in FIG. 3, the specific volume (m 3 / kg) of the inlet steam of the high-pressure turbine 11 can be made smaller than that of the high-temperature and high-pressure type, so that the turbine can be realized while realizing high efficiency. Can be miniaturized.

以上説明したように、本発明の実施形態に係るごみ発電システム１は、ボイラ１０の発生蒸気を高温高圧にすることなく、高効率化が可能になる。これによって、ボイラ１０の高温腐食リスクをなくしながら、ごみ発電システム１の高効率化を行うことができる。このため、ボイラ部品に高価な耐食性材料を用いる必要が無く、初期コストとメンテナンスコストを抑えながら、高効率で安定したごみ発電システムの継続運転を行うことができる。   As described above, the waste power generation system 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention can achieve high efficiency without causing the steam generated in the boiler 10 to be high temperature and pressure. Thereby, the efficiency of the refuse power generation system 1 can be increased while eliminating the risk of high temperature corrosion of the boiler 10. For this reason, it is not necessary to use an expensive corrosion-resistant material for the boiler parts, and the highly efficient and stable waste power generation system can be continuously operated while suppressing the initial cost and the maintenance cost.

以上、本発明の実施の形態について図面を参照して詳述してきたが、具体的な構成はこれらの実施の形態に限られるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲の設計の変更等があっても本発明に含まれる。また、上述の各実施の形態は、その目的及び構成等に特に矛盾や問題がない限り、互いの技術を流用して組み合わせることが可能である。   As described above, the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to these embodiments, and the design can be changed without departing from the scope of the present invention. Is included in the present invention. In addition, the above-described embodiments can be combined by utilizing each other's technology as long as there is no particular contradiction or problem in the purpose and configuration.

１：ごみ発電システム，２：蒸気タービン発電装置，
２Ａ：蒸気タービン，２Ｂ：発電機，
１０：ボイラ， １０Ａ：エコノマイザ，１０Ｂ：ドラム，
１１：高圧タービン，１２：中低圧タービン，１３：除湿器，
１４：復水器，１５：給水加熱器，１６：再熱器，１７：脱気器，
１８：再熱器用フラッシュタンク，１９：フラッシュタンク，
２０：ごみ焼却炉，２１：ストーカ炉，２２：一次燃焼炉，２３：２次燃焼炉，
２４：バッグフィルタ，２５：ＮＯｘ還元触媒，２６：誘引通風機，
２７：排気筒，２８：復水ポンプ，２９：給水ポンプ，
Ｓ１，Ｓ２，Ｓ３：蒸気経路，Ｗ１，Ｗ２：給水経路，
Ｖ１：圧力制御弁，Ｖ２：常時閉弁，Ｖ３：レベル制御弁，Ｖｓ：調速弁 1: Waste power generation system, 2: Steam turbine power generator,
2A: Steam turbine, 2B: Generator,
10: Boiler, 10A: Economizer, 10B: Drum,
11: High-pressure turbine, 12: Medium-low pressure turbine, 13: Dehumidifier
14: Condenser, 15: Feed water heater, 16: Reheater, 17: Deaerator
18: Flash tank for reheater, 19: Flash tank,
20: Waste incinerator, 21: Stoker furnace, 22: Primary combustion furnace, 23: Secondary combustion furnace,
24: bag filter, 25: NOx reduction catalyst, 26: induction fan,
27: exhaust pipe, 28: condensate pump, 29: feed pump,
S1, S2, S3: Steam path, W1, W2: Water supply path,
V1: pressure control valve, V2: normally closed, V3: level control valve, Vs: governing valve

Claims (4)

ごみ焼却の廃熱によって加熱されるボイラと、前記ボイラからの蒸気で駆動される蒸気タービン発電装置とを備え、
前記蒸気タービン発電装置は、
前記ボイラから高温腐食を生じない温度の蒸気が供給される高圧タービンと、前記高圧タービンの排気が供給される中低圧タービンと、前記中低圧タービンの排気を復水して前記ボイラに供給する給水経路を備え、
前記高圧タービンの排気は除湿器を介して前記中低圧タービンに供給され、
前記給水経路には、前記中低圧タービンから抽気した蒸気が供給される給水加熱器が設けられることを特徴とするごみ発電システム。 A boiler that is heated by waste heat of incineration, and a steam turbine power generator that is driven by steam from the boiler,
The steam turbine power generator
A high-pressure turbine to which steam at a temperature that does not cause high-temperature corrosion is supplied from the boiler; a medium-to-low-pressure turbine to which exhaust from the high-pressure turbine is supplied; and water supply that condenses the exhaust from the medium-to-low pressure turbine and supplies it to the boiler With a route,
The exhaust from the high pressure turbine is supplied to the medium to low pressure turbine via a dehumidifier,
A wastewater power generation system, wherein a feedwater heater to which steam extracted from the medium-low pressure turbine is supplied is provided in the feedwater path. 前記除湿器を介した蒸気は、前記ボイラからの蒸気が供給される再熱器によって再熱されて前記中低圧タービンに供給されることを特徴とする請求項１記載のごみ発電システム。   The waste power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the steam passing through the dehumidifier is reheated by a reheater to which steam from the boiler is supplied and supplied to the medium-low pressure turbine. 前記蒸気タービン発電装置の発電器は、前記高圧タービン及び前記中低圧タービンと同時に設置されることを特徴とする請求項１又は２記載のごみ発電システム。   The waste power generation system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the power generator of the steam turbine power generator is installed simultaneously with the high-pressure turbine and the medium-low pressure turbine. 前記高圧タービンの排気は、一部が前記給水経路に設けられる脱気器の加熱に用いられることを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれか１項記載のごみ発電システム。   4. The waste power generation system according to claim 1, wherein a part of the exhaust from the high-pressure turbine is used for heating a deaerator provided in the water supply path.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2020204318A (en) * 2019-06-17 2020-12-24 株式会社タクマ Trash power generation system and operation method thereof
CN112228172A (en) * 2020-10-27 2021-01-15 国电环境保护研究院有限公司 Regenerative heat source system of coal-fired power plant carbon-based catalytic flue gas desulfurization and denitrification device

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2020204318A (en) * 2019-06-17 2020-12-24 株式会社タクマ Trash power generation system and operation method thereof
JP7373801B2 (en) 2019-06-17 2023-11-06 株式会社タクマ Waste power generation system and its operation method
CN112228172A (en) * 2020-10-27 2021-01-15 国电环境保护研究院有限公司 Regenerative heat source system of coal-fired power plant carbon-based catalytic flue gas desulfurization and denitrification device
CN112228172B (en) * 2020-10-27 2024-05-31 国电环境保护研究院有限公司 Regeneration heat source system of flue gas desulfurization and denitrification device by coal-based catalysis method of coal-fired power plant

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