JP2017147835A - Power supply device and motor control device using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power supply device for converting AC voltage to desired DC voltage, the power supply device being capable of performing variable control of output voltage from 0 V in order to improve efficiency of the whole system and reducing a cost.SOLUTION: A power supply device comprises a voltage doubler rectification circuit 8 including a positive electrode side output terminal 6 and negative electrode side output terminal 7 that output DC voltage obtained by rectifying/smoothing AC voltage generated from an AC power supply 1. In the power supply device, a switched-capacitor circuit 15 is connected in series between a rectification circuit 2 and an output capacitor 5, the switched-capacitor circuit being configured while including: a first element circuit 11 constituted of a first semiconductor switch 9 and a third capacitor 10; and a second element circuit 14 constituted of a second semiconductor switch 12 and a fourth capacitor 13. Accompanied with control of operation of the first semiconductor switch 9 and the second semiconductor switch 12, the DC voltage output from the positive electrode side output terminal 6 and negative electrode side output terminal 7 is controlled.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a power supply device that converts an AC voltage into a desired DC voltage, and a motor control device using the same.

  Conventionally, there has been a power supply device that can control an output voltage without providing a reactor between a rectifier circuit and an output capacitor (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In addition, there has conventionally been a power supply device in which two sets of switched capacitor circuits composed of a plurality of capacitors and switch elements are connected in parallel to an AC power supply via a rectifier, and the output ends of the respective switched capacitor circuits are connected to a load. (For example, see Patent Document 2).

JP 2004-129387 A Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-46844

  Conventionally, there has been a voltage doubler rectifier circuit capable of outputting twice the maximum value of the input AC voltage by AC-DC conversion in which AC power is rectified and converted to DC power. An example of the configuration is shown in FIG.

  The voltage doubler rectifier circuit includes an AC power source 1, a reactor 17, a rectifier circuit 2 and an output capacitor 5. The rectifier circuit 2 includes a first diode 34 and a second diode 35 connected in series, and a terminal between the first diode 34 and the second diode 35 and a feedback input terminal of the AC power supply 1 are connected. The output capacitor 5 includes a first capacitor 3 and a second capacitor 4 connected in series with each other, and a terminal between the first capacitor 3 and the second capacitor 4 and the other feedback input terminal of the AC power supply 1 are connected. . An output capacitor is connected so as to smooth the pulsating voltage output from the rectifier circuit 2, and includes a positive output terminal 6 and a negative output terminal 7 that output a smoothed DC voltage.

  The positive current output from the AC power supply 1 flows to the AC power supply 1 via the reactor 17, the first diode 34, and the first capacitor 3. At this time, the first capacitor 3 holds the maximum voltage of the AC power supply 1 (141 V in the case of 100 Vac). When a negative current is output from the AC power supply 1, the current flows to the AC power supply 1 via the second output capacitor 4, the second diode 35, and the reactor 17. Similar to the first capacitor 3, the second capacitor 4 holds the maximum voltage of the AC power supply. The potential difference between the positive output terminal 6 and the negative output terminal 7 is the sum of the voltage of the first capacitor 3 and the voltage of the second capacitor 4, and is twice the maximum voltage of the AC power supply 1.

  Therefore, since the voltage doubler rectifier circuit shown in FIG. 20 can output only a single DC voltage value, the output voltage is variably controlled according to fluctuations in the load connected to the positive output terminal 6 and the negative output terminal 7. There is a problem that it is difficult to achieve high efficiency.

  FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating an example of a typical well-known step-up / step-down circuit. This circuit includes a DC power supply 401 corresponding to FIG. 20, a capacitor 402 that holds a stepped-up / down voltage, a switching element 405 and a diode 406 that are connected in series between a positive terminal of the DC power supply 401 and the capacitor 402. And a reactor 407 provided in parallel with the DC power supply 401 and provided between the terminal between the switching element 405 and the diode 406 and the positive output terminal.

  When the switching element 405 is turned on, energy is accumulated in the reactor 407 from the DC power supply 401 via the switching element 405. Next, when the switching element 405 is turned off, the energy stored in the reactor 407 is charged to the capacitor 402 via the diode 406. Since power supply from the DC power supply 401 to the load is performed via the reactor 407, the range of the output voltage is not limited by the power supply voltage, and is from 0 V to infinity (strictly speaking, the passive elements constituting the switching element 405 or the circuit) It is characterized by being variable (up to the breakdown voltage of the device). Further, the potential difference between the positive output terminal 403 and the negative output terminal 404 depends on the energy accumulated in the reactor 407 and is adjusted by the duty ratio of the control signal that drives the switching element 405.

  However, since the step-up / step-down circuit shown in FIG. 21 uses the reactor 407, there is a problem that the circuit becomes large. Furthermore, there is a problem that the reactor is more expensive than other passive elements.

  In connection with a power supply device that can control the output voltage without forming a reactor between the rectifier circuit and the output capacitor, Patent Document 1 discloses a power supply device as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 18, the AC power source 201 is connected to the input terminal (the midpoint of each half bridge) of the rectifier circuit 202 composed of two sets of diode half bridges via a reactor 203, and is further connected in series. The rectifying capacitor 204 and the capacitor 205 are connected to the output terminal of the rectifying circuit 202. The switches 209 and 210 are connected between each input terminal of the rectifier circuit 202 and a connection point between the capacitor 204 and the capacitor 205, respectively. 206 is a control device that controls the pulse width of the switch 209 and ON / OFF of the switch 210, and 207 outputs a control signal to the control device 6 so as to prohibit the switches 209 and 210 from being turned on for a certain time after the power is turned on. This is a switch-on prohibition means.

  The power supply device configured as described above can control the output voltage by controlling on / off of the switch 209 and the switch 210 by the control device 6.

  For example, when the switch 209 is controlled to be in the off state and the switch 209 is subjected to pulse width control, when the duty of the switch 209 is 0%, the power supply voltage is √2 times, and when the duty is 100%, the voltage doubler rectifier circuit The output voltage is approximately 2√2 times the power supply voltage, and by controlling the pulse width of the switch 209, an output voltage in the range of √2 times to about 2√2 times the power supply voltage can be obtained.

  On the other hand, when the switch 210 is always turned on, the circuit configuration is based on the voltage doubler rectifier circuit.

  When the pulse width of the switch 209 is controlled in this state, a short-circuit current flows through the path of the AC power supply 201 -reactor 203 -switch 209 -switch 210 when the switch 209 is on, and current energy is accumulated in the reactor 203.

  When the switch 209 is turned off, the current energy accumulated in the reactor 203 is supplied to the voltage doubler rectifying capacitors 204 and 205, the output voltage rises, and an output voltage of 2√2 times or more of the power supply voltage can be obtained. .

  That is, the power supply device shown in FIG. 18 adjusts the energy supplied from the AC power supply 201 to the capacitor 204 and the capacitor 205 by combining the on / off control of the switch 209 and the switch 210, and outputs the output voltage to the AC power supply. When boost control is performed through the reactor 203 from √2 times to 2√2 times of 201, a voltage higher than that can be output.

Patent Document 2 discloses a power supply device as shown in FIG. The power supply device shown in FIG. 19 includes a plurality of capacitors C _i1 (i = 1, 2,..., N) and switch elements S _i11 , S _i12 , S _i13 , S _{i14 in} parallel with the AC power supply 301 via the rectifier _DB302. A first switched capacitor circuit 303 comprising (i = 1, 2,..., N), a plurality of capacitors C _i2 (i = 1, 2,..., N) and switch elements S _i21 , S _i22 , S _i23 , A second switched capacitor circuit 304 consisting of S _i24 (i = 1, 2,..., N) is connected, and the output terminals of the respective switched capacitor circuits 303 and 304 are connected to a load 305 via switch elements S ₁ and S ₂ . Connected.

Here, the switched capacitor circuit 303 includes a switch element S _i13 (i = 1, 2,..., N), a capacitor C _i1 (i = 1, 2,..., N), and a switch element S in parallel with the AC power supply 301. n series circuits composed of _i12 (i = 1, 2,..., n) are connected, and a switch element S _i13 (i = 1, 2,..., n) and a capacitor C _i1 (i = 1, 2,..., n). , N) is connected in parallel with the switch element S _i11 (i = 1, 2,..., N), the switch element S _i13 (i = 1, 2,..., N) and the capacitor C _i1 (i = 1,2, ..., switching element _S i14 between the connection point and the switching element _{S 1} of n) (i = 1, 2, ..., which are connected to n). The switched capacitor circuit 304 is configured in the same manner.

  An output voltage smoothing capacitor 306 is connected to both ends of the load 305 so that the sum of the output of the first and second switched capacitor circuits 303 and 304 and the voltage of the AC power supply 301 can be temporarily held.

The power supply apparatus configured as described above controls the on / off of the switch elements S _i11 , S _i12 , S _i13 , S _i14 (i = 1, 2 _,. Can be output by superimposing the voltage held by the capacitor C _i1 (i = 1, 2,..., N).

The operation of the circuit shown in FIG. 19 will be described. First, in the first switched capacitor circuit 303, when the switch element S _i13 (i = 1, 2,..., N) and the switch element S _i12 (i = 1, 2,..., N) are turned on, each capacitor C _i1. (I = 1, 2,..., N) is charged up to the voltage of the AC power supply 301. Next, the switch element S _i13 (i = 1, 2,..., N) and the switch element S _i12 (i = 1, 2,..., N) are turned off, and the switch element S _i11 (i = 1, 2,..., N). n), when the switching element S _i12 (i = 1, 2,..., n) and the switching element S ₁ are turned on, the voltage across the capacitor C _i1 (i = 1, 2 _,. Are superimposed and applied to both ends of the load 305.

Here, the time of charging each capacitor C _i1 (i = 1, 2,..., N) is sequentially changed according to the voltage change of the AC power supply 301, whereby the AC power supply 301 and the capacitor C _i1 (i = , N) can be controlled from √2 times to 2√2 times that of the AC power supply 301 (output voltage).

  However, since the power supply apparatus shown in FIGS. 18 and 19 cannot control the output voltage from 0 V, there is a problem that it is difficult to reduce the load loss.

  Further, when the output voltage is controlled in a range of √2 to 2√2 times that of the AC power supply 201, the power supply device shown in FIG. 18 switches between double voltage rectification and full wave rectification by turning on / off the switch 209. The rectifier circuit 202 needs to be a bridge circuit composed of four diodes. Compared with the rectifier circuit 2 of the voltage doubler rectifier circuit shown in FIG. 20, since the number of diodes is doubled, there is a problem that the device cost increases. Further, in the power supply device shown in FIG. 18, it is essential to use the reactor 203 in order to boost the output voltage, which further increases the cost.

  Since the power supply device shown in FIG. 19 employs a bridge circuit for the rectifier DB 302, the element cost is high, and in addition, since three switch elements must be turned on to apply a voltage to the load 305, conduction loss There is a problem that switching loss is large. In order to increase the efficiency of the entire system, the loss of the switched capacitor circuit is not negligible.

  Accordingly, in a power supply device that converts an AC voltage into a desired DC voltage, a power supply device that can variably control the output voltage from 0 V and can reduce costs in order to improve the efficiency of the entire system. Is an issue. It is also a problem to provide a motor control device using the same.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, a power supply device according to the present invention includes a rectifier circuit that rectifies an AC voltage generated from an AC power source and converts it into a pulsating voltage, and a first capacitor and a second capacitor that are connected in series. An output capacitor having a configuration in which a terminal between them is electrically connected to a feedback input terminal of the AC power supply, and smoothing the pulsating voltage output from the rectifier circuit; and an input / output of the first capacitor And a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal for outputting a DC voltage obtained by smoothing the pulsating voltage, respectively, connected to the terminal and the input / output terminal of the second capacitor. A power supply device including a voltage doubler rectifier circuit, the first element circuit including a first semiconductor switch and a third capacitor between the rectifier circuit and the output capacitor, and a second half A switched capacitor circuit including a body switch and a second element circuit including a fourth capacitor is connected in series, and the operations of the first semiconductor switch and the second semiconductor switch are controlled. The DC voltage output from the positive electrode side output terminal and the negative electrode side output terminal is controlled.

  The motor control device according to the present invention is a motor control device including a power supply device and an inverter circuit configured to include a plurality of semiconductor switches and connected to an output terminal from the outside. The power supply device is, for example, the power supply device of the present invention, and the motor control device has a configuration in which the positive electrode side output terminal and the negative electrode side output terminal of the power supply device are input, and It further comprises a first resistor and a second resistor connected in parallel between the voltage doubler rectifier circuit and the inverter circuit and connected in series to each other.

  According to the present invention, since the output voltage of a power supply device that converts an AC voltage into a desired DC voltage can be controlled in the range of 0V to 2√2 times the AC power supply, the efficiency of the entire system can be improved, and the power supply device The increase in cost can be suppressed.

It is a figure which shows an example of the power supply device which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the calculation result of the output voltage of the power supply device which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the measurement result when the output voltage of Embodiment 1 is variably controlled with the motor efficiency when the inverter and the motor are connected to the load of the power supply device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the result calculated | required by calculation by the comparison with the annual power consumption of the power supply device which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention, and the annual power consumption of the conventional circuit shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the result of having calculated | required each cost by calculation for the comparison with the cost at the time of implementing this invention and the cost at the time of implementing the conventional circuit shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the power supply device which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the power supply device which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the power supply device which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the power supply device which concerns on Embodiment 4 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the calculation result of the relationship between an output voltage and the duty ratio of a semiconductor switch for demonstrating the power supply device which concerns on Embodiment 6 of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the motor control apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 7 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the motor control apparatus which concerns on the modification of Embodiment 7 of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the motor control apparatus of converter-inverter integrated IC type which concerns on Embodiment 8 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the converter / inverter integrated IC type motor control apparatus which concerns on the modification of Embodiment 8 of this invention. It is the element partial block diagram of the power supply device which showed the driver of the power supply device which concerns on Embodiment 9 of this invention as an example of a specific gate drive circuit. It is a figure which shows an example of the gate drive method (gate drive sequence) of the driver of the power supply device which concerns on Embodiment 10 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the modification of the gate drive method (gate drive sequence) of the driver of the power supply device which concerns on Embodiment 10 of this invention. It is a figure which shows another modification of the gate drive method (gate drive sequence) of the driver of the power supply device which concerns on Embodiment 10 of this invention. It is a figure which shows another modification of the gate drive method (gate drive sequence) of the driver of the power supply device which concerns on Embodiment 10 of this invention. FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a calculation waveform when the power supply device of FIG. 1 is operated at a duty ratio of 5% using the gate drive sequence shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows a calculation waveform when operating the power supply device of FIG. 1 by 100% of duty ratio using the gate drive sequence shown to Fig.16 (a). It is a circuit diagram which shows an example of the conventional power supply device currently disclosed by patent document 1. FIG. It is a circuit diagram which shows an example of the conventional power supply device currently disclosed by patent document 2. FIG. It is a circuit diagram which shows an example of the conventional voltage doubler rectifier circuit. It is a circuit diagram which shows an example of the conventional typical buck-boost circuit.

  Hereinafter, the power supply device of the present invention will be described in detail based on the illustrated embodiments. Note that components having the same function are denoted by the same reference symbols throughout the drawings for describing the embodiment, and the repetitive description thereof will be omitted.

(Embodiment 1)
The power supply device according to the first embodiment includes a rectifier circuit 2 that rectifies an AC voltage generated from an AC power supply 1 and converts it into a pulsating voltage, and a first capacitor 3 and a second capacitor 4 that are connected in series. The output capacitor 5 is configured to be electrically connected to the feedback input terminal of the AC power supply 1, and the output capacitor 5 is configured to smooth the pulsating voltage output from the rectifier circuit 2, and the input / output terminal of the first capacitor 3. The output capacitor 5 includes a positive output terminal 6 and a negative output terminal 7 that output a DC voltage obtained by smoothing the pulsating voltage. A power supply device including a voltage doubler rectifier circuit 8.

  This power supply device includes a first element circuit 11 including a first semiconductor switch 9 and a third capacitor 10, a second semiconductor switch 12, and a fourth capacitor 13 between the rectifier circuit 2 and the output capacitor 5. As the switched capacitor circuit 15 including the second element circuit 14 is connected in series and the operations of the first semiconductor switch 9 and the second semiconductor switch 12 are controlled, the positive output terminal 6 and the negative electrode The DC voltage output from the side output terminal 7 is controlled.

  In the power supply device according to the first embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, the first semiconductor switch 9 is connected to the positive bus line between the rectifier circuit 2 and the output capacitor 5, and the second semiconductor switch 12 is rectified. It is good also as a structure connected on the negative electrode side bus line between the circuit 2 and the output capacitor | condenser 5. FIG. Further, a power MOSFET may be applied to the first semiconductor switch 9, in which case the source terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the first capacitor 3 as shown in FIG. It is necessary to prevent current from flowing from 10 to the first capacitor 3. The same applies when a power MOSFET is applied to the second semiconductor switch 12, and it is necessary to prevent the current from flowing from the fourth capacitor 13 to the second capacitor 4 by connecting the source terminal to the negative terminal of the second capacitor 4. is there.

  The power supply device according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 uses the rectifier circuit 2 as voltage doubler rectification, so that the maximum value of the potential difference (output voltage) between the positive output terminal 6 and the negative output terminal 7 can be increased. 2√2 times. Furthermore, since the amount of charge accumulated in the first capacitor 3 and the second capacitor 4 can be adjusted by the on / off control of the first semiconductor switch 9 and the second semiconductor switch 12, the voltage across the first capacitor 3 and the second capacitor 4 The total of the voltages at both ends (output voltage) can be controlled from 0V.

  The operation of the circuit shown in FIG. 1 will be described by taking as an example a case where the voltage waveform of the AC power supply 1 is positive. When the first semiconductor switch 9 is turned off, the current output from the AC power source 1 flows to the AC power source 1 via the rectifier circuit 2 -the third capacitor 10. At this time, the peak voltage of the AC power supply 1 is held in the third capacitor 10. Next, when the first semiconductor switch 9 is turned on, a current flows from the third capacitor 10 to the first capacitor 3 via the first semiconductor switch 9. At this time, since the charge of the third capacitor 10 moves to the first capacitor 3, the voltage of the first capacitor 3 increases to a value that is in equilibrium with the voltage of the third capacitor 10. When the voltage of the AC power supply 1 is higher than the voltage across the first capacitor 3 and the third capacitor 10, a charging current is further supplied from the AC power supply 1 to the first capacitor 3 and the third capacitor 10, and the first capacitor 3 is further increased. The first semiconductor switch 9 is turned off when the voltage across the first capacitor 3 reaches a desired value, and controls the holding voltage of the first capacitor 3.

  FIG. 2 shows a calculation result when the AC power supply is set to 100 Vac in relation to the duty ratio of the first semiconductor switch 9 and the second semiconductor switch 12 and the output voltage. It can be confirmed that the output voltage can be controlled in the range of 0V to about 270V by variably controlling the duty ratio of the semiconductor switch from 0% to 40%.

FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the motor efficiency and the rotational speed, and shows the result when an inverter and a motor are connected to the output terminal of the power supply device shown in FIG. The motor efficiency shown in FIG. 3, V ₁ from the smaller the V _out (the potential difference between the positive side output terminal 6 and the negative side output terminal 7) the output voltage of the power supply shown in FIG. _1, V _2, V _3, and _{V 4} and variable control. When the output voltage is the lowest V ₁ , the efficiency peak is reached around 1000 rpm, but when the output voltage is increased to the highest V ₄ , the efficiency peak is reached around 2750 rpm. In other words, by controlling the output voltage according to the rotation speed of the motor, the motor can always be driven with high efficiency regardless of the rotation speed, that is, along the efficiency curve shown by the solid line in FIG. Is effective. Further, since the output voltage range of the power supply device shown in Embodiment 1 is as wide as 2√2 times that of the AC power supply 1 from 0 V, there is also an advantage that the range of the number of rotations that can be driven with high efficiency is wide.

  FIG. 4 shows a comparison of annual power consumption. Compared with the conventional circuit in which the output voltage cannot be variably controlled from 0 V, the annual power consumption of the power supply device shown in FIG. 1 can be reduced by 40%. This is because the switching loss is reduced by reducing the input voltage to the inverter in addition to increasing the efficiency of the motor. Here, it is possible to reduce the switching loss to the limit by setting the current flow rate of the inverter to 100% by PAM control, but this point is not included in the above estimation.

  FIG. 5 is a cost comparison. The power supply device shown in FIG. 1 has a step-down chopper circuit composed of a switched capacitor circuit 15 connected in series between the rectifier circuit 2 and the output capacitor 5, and is compared with FIG. 21 in which a reactor is used for the chopper circuit. The increase in cost is suppressed. Therefore, compared with the circuit shown in FIG. 21, the cost of the power supply device of FIG. 1 can be reduced by 46%.

  Although the first embodiment has been described with reference to FIG. 1 as an example, the first semiconductor switch 9 and the second semiconductor switch 12 are connected to the terminals between the first capacitor 3 and the second capacitor 4 and AC as shown in FIG. The configuration may be such that the connection is made on the bus line that connects the feedback input terminal of the power supply 1, and the configuration of the other parts may be the same as in FIG.

  By adopting such a circuit configuration, the driver 16 for driving the gates of the first semiconductor switch 9 and the second semiconductor switch 12 can be shared, and the circuit can be miniaturized.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 7 shows a power supply apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

  The power supply device according to the second embodiment is constituted by power MOSFETs 18 in which rectifier circuits 2 are connected in series, and a driver 19 for driving the power MOSFET 18 has a power MOSFET 18 when the potential at the source terminal is higher than the potential at the drain terminal. It is characterized by turning on. Other matters are the same as those in FIG. 1 or FIG.

  With the above-described circuit configuration, the conduction loss can be reduced by synchronous rectification as compared with the case where the rectifier circuit 2 is configured by a diode, so that the efficiency of the power supply device can be further improved.

(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 8 shows a power supply apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

  The power supply device according to the third embodiment is characterized in that a common mode filter circuit 20 and a normal mode filter circuit 21 are connected in series between an AC power supply 1 and a rectifier circuit 2. The other matters are the same as those in FIG. 1, FIG. 6, and FIG.

  With the circuit configuration described above, it is possible to improve resistance to common mode noise generated between the power supply line and the ground and normal mode noise generated between the power supply line and the signal line.

  Further, the circuit connected between the AC power source 1 and the rectifier circuit 2 may be only the common mode filter circuit 20 or only the normal mode filter circuit 21 as required, and the power factor provided to improve the power factor. A configuration may be provided in which only the reactor 17 is provided.

(Embodiment 4)
FIG. 9 shows a power supply apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

  In the power supply device according to the third embodiment, a linear regulator 23 is electrically connected between a terminal between the rectifier circuit 2 and the switched capacitor circuit 15 and a ground terminal, and an arbitrary terminal is connected to the output terminal 24 of the linear regulator 23. It is characterized by outputting a constant voltage. Other matters are the same as those in FIGS. 1, 6, 7, and 8.

  With the circuit configuration described above, a voltage (for example, 3V, 5V, 15V) necessary for the operation can be supplied to a microcomputer that outputs a drive signal for the semiconductor switch. This eliminates the need for an external power supply, thereby reducing costs.

(Embodiment 5)
The power supply device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention is a high voltage IC in which the voltage doubler rectifier circuit 8 shown in FIG. 1 is mounted in one package. Other matters are the same as those in FIGS. 1, 6, 7, 8, and 9.

  By adopting the mounting form described above, the inductance value of the main circuit can be reduced, and the output terminal of the rectifier circuit 2 and the positive output terminal 6 associated with the on / off control of the first semiconductor switch 9 and the second semiconductor switch 12 and The jumping voltage on the bus line connecting to the negative output terminal 7 can be suppressed. Further, the withstand voltage of the first semiconductor switch 9 and the second semiconductor switch 12 can be reduced by reducing the jumping voltage, the conduction loss of the power supply device can be reduced, and higher efficiency can be achieved.

  Although the fifth embodiment has been described with reference to FIG. 1 as an example, the linear regulator 23 shown in FIG. 9 may be mounted in one package, thereby reducing the circuit mounting area.

(Embodiment 6)
In the power supply device according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention, the capacity of the third capacitor 10 shown in FIG. 1 is smaller than the capacity of the first capacitor 3, and the capacity of the fourth capacitor 13 is smaller than the capacity of the second capacitor 4. It is characterized by doing. Other matters are the same as those in FIGS. 1, 6, 7, 8, and 9.

  With the configuration described above, the controllability of the potential difference (output voltage) between the positive output terminal 6 and the negative output terminal 7 shown in FIG. 1 can be improved.

  FIG. 10 shows the relationship between the output voltage and the duty ratio when the ratio between the capacity of the third capacitor 10 and the capacity of the first capacitor 3 is changed, and 100 Vac is used as an input. Further, the ratio between the capacity of the fourth capacitor 13 and the capacity 4 of the second capacitor was the same as the ratio of the capacity of the third capacitor 10 and the capacity of the first capacitor 3. As shown in FIG. 10, it can be seen that when the capacitance ratio is greater than 0.1, the output voltage is as high as 150 V or more even when the duty ratio is reduced to 5%, and the controllability of the voltage is deteriorated. On the other hand, when the capacity ratio is 0.01 or less, it can be seen that the output voltage changes gently with respect to the duty ratio, and the controllability of the voltage is improved.

(Embodiment 7)
FIG. 11 shows a motor control apparatus according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.

  The motor control device of the seventh embodiment includes any one of the power supply devices shown in FIGS. 1, 6, 7, 8, and 9, and the positive output terminal 6 and the negative output terminal 7 of the power supply device. And a first resistor 28 and a second resistor 29 connected in parallel between the voltage doubler rectifier circuit 8 and the inverter circuit 26 and connected in series to each other. It is prepared for. The output terminal of the inverter circuit 26 is configured such that a motor 27 is connected from the outside. In this configuration, a microcomputer 30 having the following configuration may be further provided. For example, the microcomputer 30 includes a potential difference input unit 31 that inputs a potential difference between the positive output terminal 6 and the negative output terminal 7, a current value input unit 32 that inputs an output current value of the inverter circuit 26, and a motor rotation speed. , And at least the first semiconductor switch 9 and the second semiconductor switch based on the information obtained from these input means 31, 32, 33 in order to drive the motor 27 with high efficiency. It is good also as a structure which has the gate pulse signal control part (not shown) which controls 12 gate pulse signals.

  By using the motor control device described above, the motor efficiency can always be driven with high efficiency regardless of the rotational speed. Further, by outputting the gate pulse signal of the inverter circuit 26 from the microcomputer 30 via the driver IC 36, it is possible to perform optimum driving in accordance with the input voltage of the inverter circuit 26 and further increase the efficiency.

  In FIG. 11, a potential difference input unit 31 for inputting the potential difference between the positive output terminal 6 and the negative output terminal 7 to the microcomputer 30, a current value input unit 32 for inputting the output current of the inverter circuit 26, and the rotational speed of the motor 27. However, a configuration in which a part of these input units is provided outside the microcomputer 30 is also possible.

  FIG. 12 is an overall view of the motor control device in which the rectifier circuit 2 in FIG. 11 is replaced with an example of its specific configuration. As shown in the figure, the rectifier circuit 2 may be a circuit constituted by a power MOSFET 18 and, like the inverter circuit 26, is preferably controlled by a microcomputer 30 via a driver IC 36. By adopting such a configuration, the efficiency can be further improved as compared with the motor control device shown in FIG.

(Embodiment 8)
FIG. 13 shows a converter / inverter integrated IC type motor control apparatus according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention.

  The converter / inverter integrated IC type motor control device according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention includes at least a voltage doubler rectifier circuit 8 and an inverter circuit 26, and a driver IC 36 for driving a semiconductor switch mounted in the voltage doubler rectifier circuit 8 and the inverter circuit. Is mounted in one package. Other matters are common to the motor control device of FIG. 11 or FIG.

  By adopting the mounting form described above, there is an advantage that the circuit can be further downsized as compared with the fifth embodiment. In addition, since the inductance value can be reduced, it is possible to reduce the jumping voltage, and it is possible to reduce the conduction loss due to the low breakdown voltage of the semiconductor switch mounted in the package.

  FIG. 14 is an overall view of a converter / inverter integrated IC type motor control device according to an embodiment derived from FIG. As shown in the figure, the converter / inverter integrated IC may have a linear regulator 23 mounted thereon.

(Embodiment 9)
FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a power supply device according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention, in which the driver 16 in any of FIGS. 1, 6, 7, 8, and 9 is used as a specific gate drive circuit. It is an element part block diagram of the power supply device shown as an example. The parts other than the driver 16 are the same as those in FIGS. 1, 6, 7, 8, and 9.

  The gate drive circuit according to the ninth embodiment includes a DC power supply 101 electrically connected to a terminal between the first capacitor 3 and the second capacitor 4 shown in FIG. A diode 105 connected in series, a capacitor 104 connected in series with the cathode terminal of the diode 105, a limiting resistor 102 provided between the other terminal of the capacitor 104 and the positive output terminal 6 shown in FIG. And a third semiconductor switch 103 provided on the wiring connecting the terminal between the capacitor 104 and the limiting resistor 102 and the terminal between the first capacitor 3 and the second capacitor 4, as shown in FIG. The gate terminal of the first semiconductor switch 9 is connected to the output terminal of the first driver circuit 107 that outputs a potential between the diode 105 and the capacitor 104 according to the gate pulse signal. The gate terminal of the third semiconductor switch 103 is connected to the output terminal of the second driver circuit 108 that outputs the ON signal during part or all of the period during which the first driver circuit 107 outputs the OFF signal. It is characterized by.

  By using the gate drive circuit described above, it is possible to control on / off of the first semiconductor switch 9 in which the potential of the source terminal varies.

  The operation of the gate drive circuit shown in FIG. 15 will be described. The brother 1 semiconductor switch 9 has a source (or emitter) terminal connected to the positive output terminal 6. In order to turn on the first semiconductor switch 9, it is necessary to input a voltage (for example, 15V) necessary for gate driving between the gate and source terminals, and the voltage of the positive output terminal 6 and the driving voltage are set. The applied voltage must be input to the gate terminal of the first semiconductor switch 9. However, since the voltage at the positive output terminal 6 changes according to the load, it is necessary to control the voltage input to the gate terminal each time.

  Consider a case where the first semiconductor switch 9 is turned off and the third semiconductor switch 103 is turned on. The current flowing from the DC power supply 101 passes through the diode 105, the capacitor 104, and the third semiconductor switch 103. At this time, a voltage obtained by subtracting the voltage drop of the diode 105 from the voltage of the DC power supply 101 is applied to both ends of the capacitor 104.

  Next, consider a case where the third semiconductor switch 103 is turned off. When the third semiconductor switch 103 is turned off, a value obtained by superimposing the voltage at the positive output terminal 6 and the voltage across the capacitor 104 is held at the terminal between the diode 105 and the capacitor 104. Further, when an ON signal is input to the first driver circuit 107, the voltage of the positive output terminal 6 and the voltage across the capacitor 104 are superimposed from the output terminal of the first driver circuit 107 to the gate terminal of the first semiconductor switch 9. A value is entered. Thereby, the first semiconductor switch 9 can be turned on.

  It is desirable that the limiting resistor 102 has a resistance value that does not affect the driving of the first semiconductor switch 9. Specifically, it is a resistance value (several tens of kΩ to several tens of MΩ) that makes the voltage applied to both ends of the limiting resistor 102 5 V or less when the third semiconductor switch 103 is turned off. By selecting such a resistor, it is possible to secure a voltage necessary for driving the first semiconductor switch 9 at the terminal between the diode 105 and the capacitor 104. Further, when the third semiconductor switch 103 is turned on, the current flowing from the positive output terminal 6 via the limiting resistor 102 can be suppressed, and the loss generated in the gate drive circuit can be suppressed.

  In FIG. 15, the DC power supply 101 is used to supply a voltage to the capacitor 104, but the voltage output from the linear regulator 23 shown in FIG. 9 may be input. Further, the gate pulse signal 106 input to the first driver circuit 107 shown in FIG. 15 may be a gate pulse signal output from the microcomputer 30 shown in FIG.

(Embodiment 10)
FIG. 16A is a diagram showing an example of a gate drive method (gate drive sequence) of the driver of the power supply device according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1, FIG. 6, FIG. 7, FIG. FIG. 10 is a sequence diagram relating to the operation of the gate drive circuit of the driver 16 in any of FIGS.

  In the gate drive sequence of the tenth embodiment, the first semiconductor switch 9 shown in FIG. 1 is turned on at least at the timing when the voltage of the AC power supply 1 shown in FIG. 1 switches from minus to plus, and the first semiconductor switch 9 shown in FIG. (2) The semiconductor switch 12 is turned on at least at the timing when the voltage of the AC power source is switched from plus to minus.

  By adopting the gate drive sequence described above, the voltage across the first capacitor 3 and the voltage across the second capacitor 4 can be controlled while reducing the switching loss.

  FIG. 16 shows the voltage waveform of the AC power supply 1 and the gate pulse signals of the first semiconductor switch 9 and the second semiconductor switch. The gate signal of the first semiconductor switch 9 is switched from 0 (off) to 1 (on) at the timing (t = 0 ms, 20 ms) when the voltage of the AC power supply 1 switches from minus to plus. Since the voltage of the AC power supply 1 is 0V, the switching loss of the first semiconductor switch 9 does not occur. The on-period Ton of the first semiconductor switch 9 becomes the charging period of the first capacitor 3, and the voltage across the first capacitor 3 is controlled by the ratio (duty ratio) of the on-period Ton with respect to the period T.

  Similarly, by switching the gate signal of the second semiconductor switch 12 from 0 (off) to 1 (on) at the timing (t = 10 ms, 30 ms) when the voltage of the AC power supply 1 switches from plus to minus, the second capacitor 4 Loss can be reduced while controlling both-end voltage.

In FIG. 16A, a single rectangular wave is used. However, in order to reduce harmonics, the ON signal during the ON period may be composed of a plurality of rectangular waves as shown in FIG. You may change arbitrarily. Further, as shown in FIG. 16C, the first semiconductor switch 9 is turned on at any timing in the period T ₂ that does not exceed the maximum voltage of the AC power supply 1 reached during the on-period of the first semiconductor switch 9. A gate drive sequence may be used. In the second semiconductor switch 12, as a gate drive sequence for turning on the second semiconductor switch 12 at any timing in a period exceeding the minimum voltage of the AC power supply 1 reached during the ON period of the second semiconductor switch 12. Also good. As a result, the charge accumulated in the third capacitor 10 (or the fourth capacitor 13) can be transferred to the first capacitor 3 (or the second capacitor 4) even outside the on-period Ton. Can be reduced. Incidentally, in FIG. 16C, the timing of turning off the first semiconductor switch 9 is t = 10 ms at which the AC power supply 1 becomes 0 V, but it may be controlled to turn on at this timing.

  In the case of the power supply device shown in FIG. 6, as shown in FIG. 16D, the first semiconductor switch 9 and the second semiconductor switch 12 are switched at least at the timing when the voltage waveform of the AC power supply 1 switches from negative to positive, and the AC power supply. The gate drive sequence may be switched from off to on at the timing when the voltage waveform of 1 is switched from plus to minus. In FIG. 16D, the first semiconductor switch 9 and the second semiconductor switch 12 are turned on and off at the same time. However, the first semiconductor switch 9 and the second semiconductor switch 12 are turned on and the first semiconductor switch 9 and the second semiconductor switch 12 are turned on. A gate drive sequence for controlling the output voltage in a period in which the semiconductor switch 9 and the second semiconductor switch 12 are turned on may be used. Alternatively, a gate driving sequence for controlling the output voltage may be performed by controlling a period during which a current flows through the built-in diode.

  FIGS. 17A and 17B show calculation waveforms when the power supply device shown in FIG. 1 is operated using the gate drive sequence shown in FIG. The on / off switching of the first semiconductor switch 9 and the second semiconductor switch 12 shown in FIG. 1 started at t = 0.04 s. The output voltage can be controlled by the duty ratio. As shown in FIG. 17A, the duty ratio is about 30 V when the duty ratio is 5%, and the duty ratio is 100% as shown in FIG. It can be confirmed that a voltage of about 270V can be output.

  As mentioned above, the invention made by the present inventor has been specifically described based on the embodiments of the invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. Needless to say.

  For example, the first semiconductor switch 9 and the second semiconductor switch 12 of the first embodiment may be current-driven devices, and the semiconductor material may be silicon or silicon carbide.

  Although the number of pins of the converter / inverter integrated IC is 20 in the eighth embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this.

  The input signal of the gate driving circuit described in Embodiment 9 may be a gate pulse signal from a microcomputer or input means using a light emitting device such as a photocoupler.

  In the present invention, the rectifier circuit is described as voltage doubler rectification, but the same effect can be obtained even when a rectifier circuit capable of outputting a voltage twice or more is applied.

1: AC power supply
2: Rectifier circuit
3: First capacitor
4: Second capacitor
5: Output capacitor
6: Positive output terminal
7: Negative side output terminal
8: Voltage doubler rectifier circuit
9: First semiconductor switch
10: Third capacitor
11: First element circuit
12: Second semiconductor switch
13: Fourth capacitor
14: Second element circuit
15: Switched capacitor circuit
16: Driver
17: Reactor for power factor (reactor of normal mode filter circuit)
18: Power MOSFET
19: Autonomous gate driver
20: Common mode filter circuit
21: Normal mode filter circuit
22: Capacitor for normal mode filter circuit
23: Linear regulator
24: Output terminal of linear regulator
25: Semiconductor switch
26: Inverter circuit
27: Motor
28: First resistance
29: Second resistance
30: Microcomputer
31: Voltage input method
32: Current input means
33: Motor rotation speed input means
34: First diode
35: Second diode
36: Driver IC
37: Converter / inverter integrated IC
101: DC power supply
102: Limiting resistor
103: Third semiconductor switch
104: Capacitor
105: Diode
106: Gate pulse signal
107: First driver circuit
108: Second driver circuit
201: AC power supply
202: Rectifier circuit
203: Reactor
204: Capacitor
205: Capacitor
206: Control device
207: Switch-on prohibition means
208: Load
209: Switch
210: Switch
301: AC power supply
302: Rectifier DB
303: Switched capacitor circuit
304: Switched capacitor circuit
305: Load
306: Capacitor
S _i11 (i = 1 ... n): Switch element
S _i12 (i = 1 ... n): Switch element
S _i13 (i = 1 ... n): Switch element
S _i14 (i = 1 ... n): Switch element
S _i21 (i = 1 ... n): Switch element
S _i22 (i = 1 ... n): Switch element
S _i23 (i = 1 ... n): Switch element
S _i24 (i = 1 ... n): Switch element
S ₁ : Switch element
S _2: switch element
C _i1 (i = 1 ... n): Capacitor
C _i2 (i = 1 ... n): Capacitor
401: DC power supply
402: Capacitor
403: Positive output terminal
404: Negative output terminal
405: Switching element
406: Diode
407: Reactor

Claims (12)

A rectifier circuit that rectifies an AC voltage generated from an AC power source and converts it into a pulsating voltage;
A terminal between the first capacitor and the second capacitor connected in series with each other is electrically connected to a feedback input terminal of the AC power supply, and smoothes the pulsating voltage output from the rectifier circuit. An output capacitor having a configuration;
A positive output terminal and a negative output terminal connected to the input / output terminal of the first capacitor and the input / output terminal of the second capacitor, respectively, for outputting a DC voltage obtained by the output capacitor smoothing the pulsating voltage. A power supply device comprising a voltage doubler rectifier circuit comprising:
A first element circuit composed of a first semiconductor switch and a third capacitor and a second element circuit composed of a second semiconductor switch and a fourth capacitor are disposed between the rectifier circuit and the output capacitor. Switched capacitor circuits connected in series,
The DC voltage output from the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal is controlled as the operations of the first semiconductor switch and the second semiconductor switch are controlled. . The power supply device according to claim 1,
The first element circuit includes a first semiconductor switch and a third capacitor connected on a positive bus line between the rectifier circuit and the output capacitor,
The power supply device, wherein the second element circuit includes a second semiconductor switch and a fourth capacitor connected on a negative bus line between the rectifier circuit and the output capacitor. The power supply device according to claim 1,
The first element circuit includes a first semiconductor switch and a third capacitor provided on a bus line connecting a terminal between the first capacitor and the second capacitor and a feedback input terminal of the AC power supply. ,
The second element circuit includes a second semiconductor switch and a fourth capacitor provided on a bus line connecting a terminal between the first capacitor and the second capacitor and a feedback input terminal of the AC power supply. A power supply device characterized by that. The power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The rectifier circuit includes a power MOSFET,
The power MOSFET driver turns on the power MOSFET when the potential of the source terminal is higher than the potential of the drain terminal. The power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A power supply apparatus comprising a common mode filter circuit and a normal mode filter circuit connected in series between the AC power supply and the rectifier circuit. The power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
A power supply apparatus, wherein a linear regulator electrically connected to a terminal between the rectifier circuit and the switched capacitor circuit outputs a constant voltage. The power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
At least a semiconductor device of the voltage doubler rectifier circuit, a passive element, and a driver IC for driving the semiconductor switch are integrally mounted in one common package. The power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
The capacity of the third capacitor is smaller than the capacity of the first capacitor, and the capacity of the fourth capacitor is smaller than the capacity of the second capacitor. A power supply;
A motor control device including an inverter circuit configured to include a plurality of semiconductor switches and connected to an output terminal from the outside;
The power supply device is the power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
The motor control device has a configuration in which the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal of the power supply device are input, and is connected in parallel between the voltage doubler rectifier circuit and the inverter circuit and in series with each other. A motor control device further comprising a first resistor and a second resistor connected. The motor control device according to claim 9,
A potential difference input unit that inputs a potential difference between the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal; a current value input unit that inputs an output current value of the inverter circuit; and a rotational speed input unit that inputs the rotational speed of the motor; Further comprising a microcomputer having
The microcomputer controls at least gate pulse signals of the first semiconductor switch and the second semiconductor switch based on information obtained from the potential difference input unit, the current value input unit, and the rotation speed input unit. A motor control device further comprising a signal control unit. The motor control device according to claim 10,
The microcomputer controls a gate pulse signal of a part or all of semiconductor switches constituting the motor control device. The motor control device according to any one of claims 9 to 11,
At least the voltage doubler rectifier circuit, the inverter circuit, and a driver IC for driving a semiconductor switch mounted on the voltage doubler rectifier circuit and the inverter circuit are integrally mounted in one common package. A motor control device.

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