JP2017128853A - Building and air conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a building and an air conditioner free from condensation capable of obtaining a large air-conditioning effect with little calorie loss.SOLUTION: The building includes: a room to be air-conditioned 16; and a buffer chamber 15 abutting on the room to be air-conditioned 16 being partitioned by an inner wall body 14. The buffer chamber 15 is separated from the outside by an outer wall body 13 as an outer wall. The inner wall body 14 includes: a heat insulation material 141; and air-conditioning means 142 is disposed closer to the room to be air-conditioned 16 than the heat insulation material 141.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a building and an air conditioner.

Conventionally, a heat insulating material and a pipe member that circulates fluid are provided inside the wall or floor of a building, and high-temperature or low-temperature fluid is circulated through the pipe member to radiate heat from the wall to cool and heat the interior of the building. A radiant air conditioner is known.
In the radiant cooling and heating apparatus described in Patent Document 1, a tube is piped not only on a wall but also on a floor and a ceiling, and cold water or hot water is circulated through the tube to cool the room in a multifaceted manner.

JP-A-7-174368

However, in the radiant cooling and heating apparatus described in Patent Document 1, when cooling operation is performed, low temperature water is circulated through the tube, which causes a problem of condensation on the radiation surface.
In both cases of cooling and heating, if the temperature of the circulating water is significantly different from the outside air temperature and the inside air temperature of the building, that is, if the temperature difference between the inside and outside air and the radiation surface is large, the heat radiation to the indoor side Not only the amount of heat but also the amount of heat radiation to the outside increases, resulting in an increase in heat loss. (Strictly speaking, the temperature difference from the outside air is larger, so depending on the internal and external heat resistance, the effective heat amount to the inside air The amount of heat loss to the outside air increases, and there is a problem that energy efficiency is deteriorated.
For these problems, if the temperature difference between the inside and outside air and the water temperature is reduced in order to prevent condensation and reduce heat loss, the heat loss can be reduced, but the effective heat amount is also reduced. There arises a problem that the effect cannot be obtained.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a building and an air conditioning apparatus that have no fear of condensation and have a small heat loss and a large air conditioning effect.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, the invention described in claim 1 includes, for example, an air-conditioned room 16 and a buffer room 15 adjacent to the air-conditioned room 16 and partitioned by an inner wall body 14 as shown in FIG. The buffer chamber 15 is partitioned from the outside by an outer wall body 13 serving as an outer wall, and the inner wall body 14 is closer to the air-conditioned room 15 side than the heat insulating material 141. And a cooling / heating unit 142 provided.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the air-conditioned room 16 and the buffer room 15 adjacent to the air-conditioned room 16 and partitioned by the inner wall body 14 are provided, and the buffer room 15 is an outer wall. The outer wall 13 is partitioned from the outside, and the inner wall 14 includes a heat insulating material 141 and a cooling / heating unit 142 provided closer to the air-conditioned room 15 than the heat insulating material 141. When the inside of the building 2 is cooled at a high temperature, the buffer chamber 15 partitioned from the outside reduces the inflow of heat from the outside air to the air-conditioned room 16.
Further, a heat insulating material 141 that reduces heat flow between the buffer chamber 15 and the air-conditioned room 16 (heat inflow and outflow between the buffer chamber 15 and the air-conditioned room 16) is provided with heat from the buffer chamber 15 to the cooling / heating unit 142. Inflow will be reduced. In other words, the cooling heat of the cooling / heating unit 142 serving as a cooling refrigerant is not easily lost to the buffer chamber 15.
Furthermore, as described above, since the buffer chamber 15 is partitioned from the outside, and the buffer chamber 15 insulates the air-conditioned room 16 from the outside air, the outside air is compared with the case where the heat insulating material 141 is in direct contact with the outside air. The heat flow rate from the air to the air-conditioned room 16 can be reduced. That is, the transfer of cold heat from the cooling / heating unit 142 to the buffer chamber 15 can be reduced.
For this reason, even if the heat radiation surface TRS (Thermal Radiation Surface) of the air conditioning unit 142 is relatively high, the cold heat can be effectively transferred to the air-conditioned room 16.
Further, since the temperature of the heat radiation surface TRS of the cooling / heating unit 142 can be made relatively high, it is possible to make it difficult for the heat radiation surface TRS to condense.
Further, for example, when the outside air is at a low temperature and the inside of the building 2 is heated, the heat flow in the outside air, the buffer room 15 and the air-conditioned room 16 is the same. Specifically, the buffer chamber 15 can reduce the outflow of heat from the cooling / heating unit 142 to the outside air, and can effectively transfer the heat to the air-conditioned room 16.
Therefore, the building 2 can have a low heat loss and high air conditioning efficiency.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the invention according to claim 2 includes an air-conditioned room 26, and a shed space 25 adjacent to the air-conditioned room 26 and partitioned by a ceiling body 24. The roof space 25 is partitioned from the outside by a roof body 23 serving as a roof, and the ceiling body 24 includes a heat insulating material 241 and a cooling / heating unit 242 provided closer to the air-conditioned room 26 than the heat insulating material 241. And.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the air-conditioned room 26 and the cabin space 25 adjacent to the air-conditioned room 26 and partitioned by the ceiling body 24 are provided. Since the roof body 23 is partitioned from the outside by the roof body 23, the ceiling body 24 includes a heat insulating material 241 and a cooling / heating unit 242 provided closer to the air-conditioned room 26 than the heat insulating material 241. When the outside air is hot and the inside of the building 2 is cooled, the back space 25 partitioned from the outside reduces the inflow of heat from the outside air to the air-conditioned room 26.
Further, a heat insulating material 241 that reduces heat flow between the attic space 25 and the air-conditioned room 26 (heat inflow / outflow between the attic space 25 and the air-conditioned room 26) is transferred from the attic space 25 to the cooling / heating unit 242. Inflow of heat will be reduced. In other words, the rate at which the cooling / heating means 242 serving as the cooling refrigerant flows into the cabin space 25 can be reduced.
Furthermore, as described above, the cabin space 25 is partitioned from the outside, and the cabin space 25 insulates the air-conditioned room 26 from the outside air, so that the heat insulating material 241 is in direct contact with the outside air. The heat flow rate from the outside air to the air-conditioned room 26 can be reduced. That is, it is possible to reduce the transfer of cold heat from the cooling / heating unit 242 to the cabin space 25.
For this reason, cold heat can be effectively transferred to the air-conditioned room 26 even if the heat radiation surface TRS of the air conditioning unit 242 is relatively high.
Moreover, since the temperature of the heat radiation surface TRS of the air conditioning unit 242 can be made relatively high, the heat radiation surface TRS can be made difficult to condense.
Further, for example, when the outside air is at a low temperature and the inside of the building 2 is heated, the heat flow in the outside air, the cabin space 25 and the air-conditioned room 26 is the same. Specifically, the cabin space 25 can reduce the outflow of heat from the cooling / heating unit 242 to the outside air, and can effectively transfer the heat to the air-conditioned room 26.
Therefore, the building 2 can have a low heat loss and high air conditioning efficiency.

  The invention according to claim 3 is, for example, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, in the building 2 according to claim 1 or 2, the wall surface of the outer wall body 13 on the buffer chamber 15 side or the roof body 23. Low emissivity materials 132 and 232 having low emissivity are provided on the surface of the cabin space 25 side.

According to the invention described in claim 3, in the building 2 described in claim 1 or 2, the emissivity is not provided on the wall surface of the outer wall body 13 on the buffer chamber 15 side or on the surface of the roof body 23 on the hut space 25 side. Low emissivity materials 132 and 232 are provided, so that the heat flow rate Q between the buffer chamber 15 or the cabin space 25 and the outside air can be further reduced, and the fluid flowing through the cooling and heating means 142 and 242 is buffered. Heat or cold can be made more difficult to flow into the room 15 or the cabin space 25.
Therefore, the building 2 can be made to have much less heat loss and higher cooling and heating efficiency.

  The invention according to claim 4 is, for example, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, in the radiant cooling and heating device 1 for a building according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the buffer chamber 15 or the attic space. 25 is a space other than the living room.

According to the invention described in claim 4, in the building 2 according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the buffer room 15 or the cabin space 25 is a space other than the living room. A space that is not a space in which the resident stays is used as the buffer room 15 or the hut space 25.
For this reason, since the buffer room 15 or the attic space 25 is a space where the resident is not resident even if the air conditioning is not more effective than the air-conditioned room 26, it is not uncomfortable for living, and the air-conditioned room 16 , 26 and the buffer chamber 15 or the attic space 25 can be reduced.

  The invention according to claim 5 is, for example, a building including an outer wall body 33 serving as an outer wall and an inner wall body 34 serving as an inner wall other than the outer wall body 33 as illustrated in FIGS. The outer wall body 33 includes a first heat insulating material 331 and first air-conditioning / heating means 334 provided on the indoor side of the first heat-insulating material 331, and the inner wall body 34 includes second air-conditioning / heating means 342, The first air conditioning unit 334 reduces heat flow from the outside air, and the second air conditioning unit 342 increases or decreases the amount of heat in the indoor air.

According to invention of Claim 5, it is a building provided with the outer wall body 33 used as an outer wall, and the inner wall body 34 used as inner walls other than the outer wall body 33, Comprising: The outer wall body 33 is the 1st heat insulating material 331, and The first air-conditioning means 334 provided on the indoor side of the first heat insulating material 331, the inner wall body 34 includes the second air-conditioning means 342, and the first air-conditioning means 334 reduces the heat flow from the outside air. And the 2nd air conditioning unit 342 increases / decreases the heat quantity of indoor air.
First, the outer wall body 33 reduces the heat flow from the outside air. Specifically, for example, when the outside air is hot and the inside of the building 2 is cooled, the outer wall body 33 reduces the inflow of heat from the outside air to the inside.
On the other hand, in the inner wall body 34, cold heat flows from the second air conditioning unit 342 into the indoor air 351, 361. That is, the inner wall body 34 can reduce the temperature of the indoor air 351 and 361 to reduce the temperature (air-conditioning).
Therefore, by sharing the role of air conditioning between the outer wall body 33 and the inner wall body 34, the wall surface temperature of the outer wall body 33 can be made higher than usual, and the outer wall body 33 partially bears the role of air conditioning. Therefore, the temperature of the wall surface of the inner wall body 34 can be made higher than when the role is not shared.
Further, since the temperature difference is reduced by increasing the temperature of the refrigerant, there is no possibility of causing the problem that the heat radiation surface TRS is condensed.
Further, the outer wall 33 has a small temperature difference from the outside air to be heat-exchanged, less heat loss, and a good cooling effect.
Although the case of cooling has been described, the temperature difference between the heat medium and the outside air can be reduced similarly in the case of heating, so that the loss of heat is small and the heating effect can be improved. .

  For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the inner wall body 34 includes a second heat insulating material 341 on one wall surface side, as shown in FIG. 5. It is characterized by that.

  According to the invention described in claim 6, in the building radiant cooling and heating apparatus 1 described in claim 5, the inner wall body 34 includes the second heat insulating material 341 on one wall surface side. The heat can be selectively radiated from any wall surface without radiating heat equally from both sides of the inner wall body 34 as in the case of not having it.

  The invention according to claim 7 is, for example, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, in the radiant cooling and heating apparatus 1 for a building according to claim 5 or 6, the second air-conditioning means 342 is optionally the first air-conditioner. It switches to the means 334, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

First, for example, when the furniture F or the like is arranged facing the inner wall body 34, the staying air between the heat radiation surface TRS and the furniture F may be supercooled, and the heat radiation surface TRS may be condensed.
On the other hand, according to the invention described in claim 7, in the building radiant cooling and heating apparatus 1 according to claim 5 or 6, the second cooling / heating means 342 is arbitrarily switched to the first cooling / heating means 334. When the furniture F or the like is arranged facing the inner wall body 34, the heat radiation surface TRS of the inner wall body 34 on which the furniture F or the like is arranged is switched to the same temperature as the heat radiation surface TRS of the outer wall body 33, thereby The second air conditioning unit 342 can be switched to the first air conditioning unit 334.
For this reason, it is possible to eliminate the possibility that the heat radiation surface TRS as described above is condensed.

  The invention according to claim 8 is, for example, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, first cooling / heating means 334 provided on the outer wall body 33 including the first heat insulating material 331 and second cooling / heating means provided on the inner wall body 34. 342, wherein the first cooling / heating unit 334 has substantially the same temperature as the temperature of the gas in contact with the wall surface TRS of the outer wall body 33 provided on the indoor side of the first cooling / heating unit 334. As described above, the first temperature control means 38 for controlling the temperature of the wall surface TRS is provided, and the second cooling / heating means 342 is in contact with the wall surface TRS of the inner wall body 34 provided on the indoor side with respect to the second cooling / heating means 342. It is characterized by comprising second temperature control means 39 for controlling the temperature of the wall surface TRS so that the temperature is higher during heating and lower during cooling.

According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an air conditioning apparatus including the first air conditioning unit 334 provided on the outer wall body 33 including the first heat insulating material 331 and the second air conditioning unit 342 provided on the inner wall body 34. The first air conditioning unit 334 controls the temperature of the wall surface TRS so that the temperature of the wall surface TRS of the outer wall body 33 provided on the indoor side than the first air conditioning unit 334 is substantially the same as the temperature of the gas. The second air conditioning unit 342 has a higher temperature during heating than the temperature of the gas in contact with the wall surface TRS of the inner wall body 34 provided on the indoor side of the second air conditioning unit 342. Second temperature control means 39 is provided for controlling the temperature of the wall surface TRS so that the temperature becomes low during cooling.
First, the outer wall body 33 reduces the heat flow from the outside air by the first air conditioning unit 334. Specifically, for example, when the outside air is hot and the inside of the building 2 is cooled, the outer wall body 33 reduces the inflow of heat from the outside air to the inside.
On the other hand, in the inner wall body 34, cold heat flows from the second air conditioning unit 342 into the indoor air 351, 361. That is, the inner wall 34 can reduce the temperature (air-conditioning) by reducing the amount of heat of the indoor air 351 and 361 by the second air conditioning unit.
Therefore, by sharing the role of air conditioning between the outer wall body 33 and the inner wall body 34, the wall surface temperature of the outer wall body 33 can be made higher than usual, and the outer wall body 33 partially bears the role of air conditioning. Therefore, the temperature of the wall surface of the inner wall body 34 can be made higher than when the role is not shared.
Further, since the temperature difference is reduced by raising the temperature of the wall surface, there is no possibility of causing a problem that the heat radiation surface TRS is condensed.
Further, the temperature difference between the outside air 33 and the indoor air 351, 361 where the outer wall body 33 and the inner wall body 34 exchange heat is reduced, heat loss is reduced, and the cooling effect can be improved.
Although the case of cooling has been described, the temperature difference between the heat medium and the outside air or indoor air 351, 361 can be reduced in the case of heating as well, so that the loss of heat is small and the heating effect is good. Can be.

  The invention described in claim 9 is, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, in the air conditioning apparatus according to claim 8, the inner wall body 34 is provided on the one wall surface side of the second air conditioning unit 342. 2 heat insulating material 341 is provided.

  According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, in the air conditioning apparatus according to the eighth aspect, the inner wall body 34 includes the second heat insulating material 341 provided on one wall surface side of the second air conditioning unit 342. As in the case where the second heat insulating material 341 is not provided, it is possible to selectively radiate heat from any wall surface without uniformly radiating heat from both surfaces of the inner wall body 34.

  As for invention of Claim 10, as shown in FIG.7, 8, for example, in the air conditioning apparatus of Claim 9, the said 2nd air conditioning means 342 is switching to the said 1st air conditioning means 334 arbitrarily. Features.

First, for example, when the furniture F or the like is arranged facing the inner wall body 34, the staying air between the heat radiation surface TRS and the furniture F may be supercooled, and the heat radiation surface TRS may be condensed.
According to invention of Claim 10, in the air conditioning apparatus of Claim 9, since the said 2nd air conditioning means 342 switches arbitrarily to the said 1st air conditioning means 334, it faces the inner wall body 34, and furniture F Etc., the heat radiation surface TRS of the inner wall 34 where the furniture F or the like is disposed can be switched to the same temperature as the heat radiation surface TRS of the outer wall 33.
For this reason, it is possible to eliminate the possibility that the heat radiation surface TRS as described above is condensed.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, there is no possibility of dew condensation, and the building and air conditioning apparatus with a small heat loss and a large air conditioning effect can be provided.

It is sectional drawing which shows the example of introduction of the radiation cooling and heating apparatus to a building. It is sectional drawing which shows the radiant cooling and heating apparatus of the building which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the radiant cooling and heating apparatus of the building which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the 1st air conditioning apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the 2nd air conditioning apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a plane sectional view which shows the floor plan of the building where the 1st air conditioning apparatus and 2nd air conditioning apparatus which concern on 3rd Embodiment of this invention were employ | adopted. It is a plane sectional view showing signs that the 1st air conditioning equipment concerning a 3rd embodiment of the present invention is switched to the 2nd air conditioning equipment. It is sectional drawing which shows the temperature distribution of the wall body in which furniture is arrange | positioned at the building which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a step flow figure of the 1st temperature control means and the 2nd temperature control means concerning a 3rd embodiment of the present invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the present embodiment described below includes various technically preferable limitations for carrying out the present invention. However, the technical scope of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments and illustrated examples. is not.

[Introduction of radiant cooling and heating equipment to buildings]
As shown in FIG. 1, when a radiant cooling and heating apparatus is introduced into a building, it is conceivable to provide a heat insulating material 4 and an in-wall pipe member 5 inside an outer wall body 3 in contact with outside air.
Specifically, the wall surface material 7 is provided on both the outdoor side and the indoor side of the outer wall body 3, the outer heat insulating material 4 is provided on the inner surface of the outdoor wall surface material 7, and the wall is adjacent to the outer heat insulating material 4. The structure which provides the inner pipe member 5 is mentioned.

And the hot water or cold water whose temperature is higher than indoor air distribute | circulates in the pipe member 5 in a wall, and this water raises / lowers indoor air temperature as a refrigerant | coolant or a heat medium. Specifically, for example, in the case of a refrigerant, the cold water transmits cold heat to both the outer heat insulating material 4 and the opposite side via the inner wall pipe member 5. At this time, since the heat insulation resistance value R of the outer heat insulating material 4 is high, the heat flow rate Q of the cold heat from the refrigerant is larger on the opposite side of the outer heat insulating material 4, that is, on the indoor side.
By doing so, the cold heat from the refrigerant is selectively transferred to the indoor air (heat transfer to the gas through the wall surface, hereinafter referred to as heat radiation).
In other words, since the heat flow rate Q to the outside air is reduced by the outer heat insulating material 4, the cold heat of the refrigerant does not flow out to the outdoor side, and the cold heat of the refrigerant can be effectively used for air conditioning of indoor air.

Here, in the above-described radiant cooling and heating apparatus, the inner wall pipe member 5 exchanges heat with the outside air via the outer heat insulating material 4 (the wall surface material 7 is neglected for the sake of convenience because the heat flow resistance value R is low). When the temperature difference between the high-temperature outside air and the cold water of the refrigerant increases, the heat flow rate Q, that is, the heat exchange amount increases.
As a result, the amount of cold heat flowing from the refrigerant to the outdoor side increases, and the increased amount reduces the effective heat flow rate of the cold air to the indoor side, that is, the amount of heat radiation, and the cooling effect decreases. It becomes.
For this reason, in order to reach the desired indoor air temperature, it is necessary to further lower the cold water temperature of the refrigerant.

However, if the chilled water temperature is lowered, the temperature difference from the outside air temperature will be further increased, and the amount of cold heat that flows to the outdoor side will also increase, so that the desired indoor air temperature can be achieved, but the cooling and heating effect will be further improved. Will be reduced.
In addition, by reducing the cold water temperature, the indoor side wall surface of the outer wall 3 is further condensed.

[Configuration of Radiant Heating and Cooling System for Building of First Embodiment]
Therefore, the building radiant cooling and heating apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes an outer wall body 13, a buffer chamber 15, an inner wall body 14, and an air-conditioned room 16, as shown in FIG. Yes.
The outer wall body 13 includes a first heat insulating material 131, a wall surface material 133, and a low emissivity material 132.
The first heat insulating material 131 is a member provided inside the outer wall body 13 that separates the outside air from the interior of the building 2. The heat insulating resistance value R is high, and the buffer room air 151 that is the outside air and the air inside the buffer room 15. The flow of heat between the air and the heat (outflow or inflow of heat between the outside air and the buffer room air 151 through the first heat insulating material 131, that is, heat exchange) is reduced.
In the first embodiment, the heat flow resistance value R of the first heat insulating material 131 is 2 [m ² · K / W], and the heat flow rate K is 0.50 [W / m ² · K. ].
Further, the wall surface material 133 is a wall surface constituting material constituting the wall surface of the outer wall body provided on both surfaces of the first heat insulating material 131. Examples of the wall constituent material include tiles, siding, ALC, plywood and gypsum board, and a plurality of these may be used.
A finishing material may be attached to a base material such as plywood or gypsum board. By attaching such a finishing material, it is possible to increase the heat shielding property or reduce the heat loss. Moreover, it is good also as a structure which attaches a tile, siding, ALC, a plywood board, a gypsum board, etc. to a rectangular parallelepiped frame like a building unit, and it is good also as a structure which uses these two or more. Furthermore, the wall surface constituent material itself may be made to function as a heat insulating material, or may be configured to serve as both the heat insulating material and the wall surface constituent material.
The low emissivity material 132 is a member having a low thermal emissivity provided on the surface of a wall surface material 133 on the buffer chamber 15 side described later.

The buffer room 15 includes an outer wall body 13 of the building 2. Specifically, the outdoor side is separated from the outside air by the outer wall body 13, and is separated from the air-conditioned room 16 by the inner wall body 14 on the indoor side.
Further, the buffer chamber 15 is disposed between the air-conditioned room 16 and the outside air, and the heat flow generated through the outer wall body 13 and the inner wall body 14 causes the outside air and the air-conditioned room air 161 to directly heat through (directly). The heat flow is a buffer space that prevents heat exchange through only one of the outer wall body 13 and the inner wall body 14).

The inner wall body 14 includes a second heat insulating material 141, a second pipe member 142 as a cooling means, and a wall surface material 144.
The second heat insulating material 141 is a member provided inside the inner wall body 14 that separates the buffered indoor air 151 and the air-conditioned indoor air 161, has a high heat-flow resistance value R, and the buffered indoor air 151 and a second pipe to be described later. The heat flow with the fluid that is the heat medium or refrigerant flowing through the member 142 (heat exchange performed between the buffer chamber air 151 and the fluid through the second heat insulating material 141) is reduced.

The second pipe member 142 is a tubular member provided inside the inner wall body 14, and is disposed on the indoor side with respect to the second heat insulating material 141 described above. Specifically, the second pipe member 142 is uniformly piped with respect to the wall surface so as to meander in the inner wall body 14.
In order to air-condition the air-conditioned room 16 to be described later, a fluid having a temperature higher or lower than that of the air-conditioned room air 161 is circulated through the second pipe member 142 as a heating medium or a cooling refrigerant. As this fluid, water or antifreeze (for example, ethylene glycol etc.) is used in the first embodiment. Water is easy to heat and cool, and is a suitable fluid for maintenance of piping and the like.

  The air-conditioned room 16 is provided with an inner wall body 14 of the building. Specifically, the outdoor side is separated from the buffer room air 151 by the inner wall body 14. The air-conditioned indoor air 161 is in contact with the indoor side wall surface of the inner wall body 14, and this indoor side wall surface is a heat radiation surface TRS, and the temperature rises and falls by receiving heat radiation from the heat radiation surface TRS. It has become.

Note that the second heat insulating material 141 and the wall surface material 144 in the inner wall body 14 have different thermal resistances, and the ratio of the heat flow resistance value R is adjusted by this difference.
In the first embodiment, the heat flow resistance values R of the second heat insulating material 141 and the wall surface material 144 are 1.25 [m ² · K / W] and 0.17 [m ² · K / W], respectively. The heat transmissivity K is 0.8 [W / m ² · K] and 6 [W / m ² · K], respectively.

[Operation of the Building Radiant Heating and Cooling Apparatus of the First Embodiment]
In the building radiant cooling and heating apparatus 1 of the first embodiment, in the case of cooling, cold water (for example, 20 ° C.) is circulated through the second pipe member 142 as a refrigerant, and cold heat is supplied to the inner wall body 14.
The cold supplied to the inner wall body 14 flows through the second heat insulating material 141 and the wall surface material 144 to the buffered indoor air 151 and the air-conditioned indoor air 161, respectively. Further, as described above, since the second heat insulating material 141 and the wall surface material 144 are different in the heat-flow resistance value R, the heat flow is more conducted to the air-conditioned room air 161 than the buffered room air 151.
For this reason, the air-conditioned indoor air 161 temperature (for example, 28 ° C.) is lower than the buffer indoor air 151 temperature (for example, 30 ° C.).

Further, the buffer room air 151 is affected not only by the cold heat radiation from the inner wall body 14 but also by the heat radiation from the outer wall body 13. Specifically, heat flows from the outside air (for example, 40 ° C.) by heat flow through the first heat insulating material 131. Due to the inflowing heat and the cold heat flow through the second heat insulating material 141 from the second pipe member 142, the temperature in the buffer room air 151 (30 ° C.) becomes lower than the temperature of the outside air (40 ° C.).
By doing so, the temperature difference between the cold water flowing through the second pipe member 142 and the buffer room air 151 is reduced (the temperature difference between 40 ° C. and 20 ° C. is 20 ° C. between the outside air and the cold water, In the case of air 151 and cold water, the temperature difference between 30 ° C. and 20 ° C. is half the difference of 10 ° C.). For this reason, the cold heat radiated from the second heat insulating material 141 does not flow away to the outside air as in the prior art, but is used for lowering the temperature of the buffer chamber 15. This will lead to a reduction in the amount of heat radiation.

  In other words, conventionally, the buffer chamber 15 is not provided, and cold heat other than the radiation of the cold heat to the air-conditioned room 16 is released as it is to the outside air (atmosphere). Since the amount of heat is negligible compared to the heat capacity, the temperature change in the atmosphere is substantially zero), and the effective use of the cold heat is insufficient. Since the cooling heat flows out to 151, it is possible to contribute to a decrease in the temperature of the buffer room air 151, the amount of cooling heat loss is reduced, and thereby the cooling efficiency can be increased.

[Effects of the building radiant cooling and heating system of the first embodiment]
As described above, according to the first embodiment, for example, as illustrated in FIG. 2, the buffer chamber 15 including the outer wall body 13 serving as the outer wall, and the inner wall adjacent to the buffer chamber 15 and other than the outer wall body 13. The air-conditioning room 16 provided with the inner wall body 14 is a building radiant cooling and heating device 1, and the outer wall body 13 is a heat flow between the outside air and the buffer room air 151 that is the air in the buffer room 15. And the inner wall body 14 includes a second heat insulating material 141 that reduces heat flow between the buffered indoor air 151 and the air-conditioned indoor air 161 that is air in the air-conditioned room 16. The second pipe member 142 that circulates high-temperature or low-temperature water provided closer to the air-conditioned room 16 than the second heat insulating material 141 is provided.

In this way, for example, when the outside air is hot and the inside of the building 2 is cooled, the heat flow between the outside air and the buffer indoor air 151 (outflow and inflow of heat between the outside air and the buffer indoor air 151) is reduced. The first heat insulating material 131 reduces the inflow of heat from the outside air. That is, since the inflow of heat from the high temperature outside air is reduced by the first heat insulating material 131 and the inflow amount of heat into the buffer indoor air 151 is reduced, the temperature of the buffer indoor air 151 is lower than the outside air temperature. Become.
Further, the second heat insulating material 141 that reduces the heat flow between the buffered indoor air 151 and the air-conditioned indoor air 161 (the flow of heat in and out of the buffered indoor air 151 and the air-conditioned indoor air 161) is provided from the buffered indoor air 151. Inflow of heat into the second pipe member 142 will be reduced. In other words, the cold heat of the cold water flowing through the second pipe member 142 serving as the cooling refrigerant is less likely to be lost to the buffer room air 151.

Furthermore, as described above, since the temperature of the buffer room air 151 is lower than the outside air temperature by the first heat insulating material 131, compared with the case where the second heat insulating material 141 is in direct contact with the outside air, The temperature difference can be reduced. Here, the heat flow rate is calculated by the following equation (1), and the heat flow rate K and the heat transfer area A are constant. Therefore, the smaller the temperature difference, the smaller the heat flow rate Q.
Q = KA (T ₂ −T ₁ ) (1)
Q: Heat flow rate K: Heat flow rate A: Heat transfer area (in this case, the flat area of the inner wall)
T ₁ : Temperature of the buffer room air 151 T ₂ : Cold water temperature Therefore, the cold water flowing through the second pipe member 142 is in contact with the buffer room air 151 lower than the outside air temperature via the second heat insulating material 141. The heat-transmission flow rate Q can be reduced as compared with the case where it comes into contact with the outside air. That is, since the transfer of cold heat from the cold water to the buffer indoor air 151 is reduced, the outflow of heat from the cold water to the outside air can be reduced as a result, and the loss of cold heat of the cold water is small.

For this reason, cold heat can be effectively radiated to the air-conditioned indoor air 161 even if relatively high-temperature cold water is used.
Moreover, since the cold water which is a refrigerant | coolant can be set to the warm temperature, the temperature of the cold-heat radiation surface TRS of the inner wall body 14 can be raised, and the said heat-radiation surface TRS can be made hard to condense.
For example, even when the outside air is at a low temperature and the inside of the building 2 is heated, the heat flow in the outside air, the buffered indoor air 151, and the air-conditioned indoor air 161 is the same. Specifically, the temperature of the buffered indoor air 151 is higher than that of the outside air, and heat from hot water as a heat medium can be reduced from flowing out to the buffered indoor air 151. Can effectively radiate heat.
Therefore, the radiant cooling and heating apparatus 1 in the building can have a low heat loss and high cooling and heating efficiency.

According to the first embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, the low emissivity material 132 having a low emissivity is provided on the wall surface material 133 on the buffer chamber 15 side of the outer wall body 13.
By doing so, the heat flow rate Q between the buffer indoor air 151 and the outside air can be further reduced, and heat or cold is further lost from the cold water flowing through the second pipe member 142 to the buffer indoor air 151. Can be difficult.
Therefore, the radiant cooling / heating device 1 of the building can be made to have much less heat loss and higher cooling / heating efficiency.

Further, according to the first embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, the buffer chamber 15 is a space other than the living room.
By doing so, a space that is not a space in which a resident stays, such as a living room, is used as the buffer room 15.
For this reason, since the buffer room 15 is a space in which a resident is not resident even if the air conditioning is not more effective than the air-conditioned room 16, it is not uncomfortable for living, and the air-conditioned room 16 and the buffer room 15 Heat shock and stress when going back and forth can be reduced.

[Configuration of Radiant Heating and Cooling System for Building of Second Embodiment]
Next, the building radiation cooling and heating apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 3, the building radiant cooling and heating apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes a roof body 23, a shed space 25, a ceiling body 24, and an air-conditioned room 26. .
The roof body 23 includes a first heat insulating material 231, a surface constituent material 233, and a low emissivity material 232.

The first heat insulating material 231 is a member provided inside the roof body 23 that separates the outside air from the interior of the building 2, has a high heat-flow resistance value R, and the inside air of the shed that is the outside air and the air in the shed space 25. The heat flow between the air and the air 251 (outflow of heat between the outside air and the inside air of the hut 251 through the first heat insulating material 231, that is, heat exchange) is reduced.
In the second embodiment, the heat flow resistance value R of the first heat insulating material 231 is 2 [m ² · K / W], and the heat flow rate K is 0.50 [W / m ² · K. ].
The surface component 233 is a surface component 233 that forms the roof surface of the roof body 23 provided on both surfaces of the first heat insulating material 231.
This surface constituent material 233 is a roof material and an interior material, and is a surface material (field board) that constitutes a roof surface provided on the outdoor side, and a surface material that constitutes a roof back ceiling surface provided on the shed space 25 side. (Ceiling board). Examples of the surface component 233 include slate, roof tile, plywood, and gypsum board, and these may be appropriately selected and used. Furthermore, the surface constituent material 233 itself may function as a heat insulating material, or may be configured to serve as both the heat insulating material and the surface constituent material 233.
Moreover, the low emissivity material 232 is a member with a low thermal emissivity provided on the surface of the surface constituent material 233 on the side of the hut space 25 described later.

The attic space 25 includes a roof body 23 of the building 2. Specifically, the outdoor side is separated from the outside air by the roof body 23, and the air-conditioned room 26 is separated from the indoor side by the ceiling body 24.
Further, the cabin space 25 is disposed between the air-conditioned room 26 and the outside air, and the outside air and the air-conditioned room air 261 directly heat through the heat flow generated through the roof body 23 and the ceiling body 24 ( Direct heat penetration is a buffer space that prevents heat exchange through only one of the walls of the roof body 23 or the ceiling body 24).

The ceiling body 24 includes a second heat insulating material 241, a second pipe member 242 as an air conditioning unit, and a ceiling surface material 244.
The second heat insulating material 241 is a member provided inside the ceiling body 24 that separates the cabin interior air 251 and the air-conditioned indoor air 261, has a high heat-flow resistance R, and the cabin interior air 251 and a second pipe described later. The heat flow through the fluid that is the heat medium or refrigerant flowing through the member 242 (heat exchange performed by the cabin backside air 251 and the fluid through the second heat insulating material 241) is reduced.

The second pipe member 242 is a tubular member provided inside the ceiling body 24, and is disposed on the indoor side with respect to the second heat insulating material 241 described above. Specifically, the second pipe member 242 is uniformly piped with respect to the ceiling surface so as to meander in the ceiling body 24.
In the second pipe member 242, a fluid having a temperature higher or lower than that of the air-conditioned room air 261 is circulated as a heating medium or a cooling refrigerant in order to air-condition the air-conditioned room 26 described later. As this fluid, water or antifreeze is used in the second embodiment. Water is easy to heat and cool, and is a suitable fluid for maintenance of piping and the like.

  The air-conditioned room 26 is provided with a ceiling body 24 of the building. Specifically, the outdoor side is separated from the cabin interior air 251 by the ceiling body 24. The air-conditioned room air 261 is in contact with the ceiling surface of the ceiling body 24, and this ceiling surface is the heat radiation surface TRS, and the temperature rises and falls by receiving heat radiation from the heat radiation surface TRS. ing.

In addition, the 2nd heat insulating material 241 and the ceiling surface material 244 in the ceiling body 24 differ in thermal resistance, and the ratio of the heat-flow resistance value R is adjusted by this difference.
In the second embodiment, the heat flow resistance values R of the second heat insulating material 241 and the ceiling surface material 244 are 1.25 [m ² · K / W] and 0.17 [m ² · K / W], respectively. The heat transmissivity K is 0.8 [W / m ² · K] and 6 [W / m ² · K], respectively.

[Operation of the Building Radiant Heating and Cooling System of the Second Embodiment]
In the building radiant cooling and heating apparatus 1 of the second embodiment, in the case of cooling, cold water (for example, 20 ° C.) is circulated through the second pipe member 242 as a refrigerant, and cold heat is supplied to the ceiling body 24.
The cold heat supplied to the ceiling body 24 flows through the second heat insulating material 241 and the ceiling surface material 244 to the indoor air 251 behind the cabin and the indoor air 261 to be air-conditioned, respectively. Further, as described above, since the second heat insulating material 241 and the ceiling surface material 244 have a difference in the heat flow resistance value R, more cold heat flows through the air-conditioned indoor air 261 than through the cabin interior air 251. Become.
For this reason, the temperature (for example, 28 ° C.) of the air-conditioned indoor air 261 is lower than the temperature (for example, 30 ° C.) of the cabin interior air 251.

In addition, the inside air 251 of the hut is affected not only by the heat radiation of the cold heat from the ceiling body 24 but also by the heat radiation from the roof body 23. Specifically, heat flows from the outside air (for example, 40 ° C.) by heat flow through the first heat insulating material 231. The temperature (30 ° C.) of the cabin back interior air 251 becomes lower than the outside air (40 ° C.) due to the inflowing heat and the heat flow of the cold heat from the second pipe member 242 through the second heat insulating material 241.
By doing so, the temperature difference between the cold water flowing through the second pipe member 242 and the cabin interior air 251 is reduced (the temperature difference between the ambient air and the cold water is 20 ° C. between 40 ° C. and 20 ° C., but the cabin back In the inside air 251 and cold water, the temperature difference between 30 ° C. and 20 ° C. is a half difference of 10 ° C.). For this reason, the cold heat radiated from the second heat insulating material 241 does not flow away to the outside air as in the prior art, but is used for lowering the temperature of the cabin space 25, and the amount of the temperature decrease is from the second heat insulating material 241. This leads to a reduction in the amount of heat radiation.

[Effects of the building radiant cooling and heating system of the second embodiment]
According to the present embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, a cabin space 25 including a roof body 23 that forms a roof surface of the building 2, an air-conditioned room 26 adjacent to the lower side of the cabin space 25, The roof body 23 includes a first heat insulating material 231 that reduces heat flow between the outside air and the inside air 251 that is air in the attic space 25, The ceiling body 24 that separates the space 25 and the air-conditioned room 26 includes a second heat insulating material 241 that reduces heat flow between the cabin backside air 251 and the air-conditioned room air 261 that is air in the air-conditioned room 26, The second pipe member 242 for circulating a high-temperature or low-temperature fluid provided closer to the air-conditioned room 26 than the second heat insulating material 241 is provided.

By doing so, for example, when the outside air is hot and the inside of the building 2 is cooled, the heat flow between the outside air and the attic air 251 (outflow and inflow of heat between the outside air and the attic air 251) is reduced. The first heat insulating material 231 will reduce the inflow of heat from the outside air. That is, since the inflow of heat from the high-temperature outside air is reduced by the first heat insulating material 231 and the inflow amount of heat into the cabin backside air 251 is reduced, the temperature of the cabin backside air 251 is lower than the outside air temperature. Become.
In addition, the second heat insulating material 241 that reduces the heat flow between the cabin backside air 251 and the air-conditioned room air 261 (the heat inflow and outflow between the cabin backside air 251 and the air-conditioned room air 261) is provided from the cabin backside air 251. The inflow of heat into the second pipe member 242 will be reduced. In other words, the cold heat of the fluid flowing through the second pipe member 242 serving as the cooling refrigerant is less likely to be lost to the cabin backside air 251.

Furthermore, as described above, the temperature of the cabin backside air 251 is lower than the outside air temperature by the first heat insulating material 231, and therefore, compared with the case where the second heat insulating material 241 directly contacts the outside air, The temperature difference can be reduced. Here, the heat flow rate Q is calculated by the above-described equation (1), and the heat flow rate K and the heat transfer area A are constant. Therefore, the smaller the temperature difference, the smaller the heat flow rate Q.
Therefore, since the fluid flowing through the second pipe member 242 is in contact with the cabin backside air 251 that is lower than the outside air temperature via the second heat insulating material 241, the heat-transmission flow rate Q is higher than that in contact with the outside air. Can be reduced. That is, the outflow of cold heat from the fluid to the cabin interior air 251 can be reduced, and the loss of cold heat of the fluid is small.

For this reason, cold heat can be effectively radiated to the air-conditioned indoor air 261 even when a relatively warm fluid is used.
Moreover, since the fluid which is a refrigerant | coolant can be set to warm temperature, the temperature of the cooling-heat radiation surface TRS of the ceiling body 24 can be raised, and the said heat-radiation surface TRS can be made hard to condense.
Further, for example, even when the outside air is at a low temperature and the inside of the building 2 is heated, the heat flow in the outside air, the cabin interior air 251 and the air-conditioned indoor air 261 is the same. Specifically, the temperature in the cabin interior 251 is higher than that in the outside air, and heat from the hot water that is the heat medium can be reduced from flowing out to the cabin interior air 251, and the heat medium is transferred to the air-conditioned room air 261. Can effectively radiate heat.
Therefore, the radiant cooling and heating apparatus 1 in the building can have a low heat loss and high cooling and heating efficiency.

Moreover, according to 2nd Embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the low emissivity material 232 with low emissivity shall be provided in the inner surface by the side of the hut space 25 of the roof body 23, for example.
By doing so, the heat flow rate Q between the cabin backside air 251 and the outside air can be further reduced, and heat or cold from the cold water flowing through the second pipe member 242 to the cabin backside air 251 is further lost. Can be difficult.
Therefore, the radiant cooling / heating device 1 of the building can be made to have much less heat loss and higher cooling / heating efficiency.

Moreover, according to 2nd Embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, for example, the shed space 25 shall be spaces other than a living room.
By doing so, a space that is not a space where a resident stays, such as a living room, is used as the attic space 25.
For this reason, since the shed space 25 is a space where residents are not resident even if the air conditioning is not more effective than the air-conditioned room 26, it is not uncomfortable for living, and the air-conditioned room 26 and the shed space Heat shock and stress when going to and from 25 can be reduced.

[Configuration of Radiant Heating and Cooling System for Building of Third Embodiment]
Next, a third embodiment according to the present invention will be described.
The building radiant cooling and heating apparatus 1 according to the third embodiment includes a first cooling and heating apparatus 33 and a second cooling and heating apparatus 34.
As shown in FIG. 4, the first air conditioning device 33 that is the outer wall body 33 includes a first heat insulating material 331, a second pipe member 334 as a first air conditioning device, and a wall surface material 333.
The 1st heat insulating material 331 is a member provided in the inside of the 1st air conditioning apparatus 33 which separates outside air and the buffer room 35 or the air-conditioned room 36, has a high heat-flow resistance value R, and the buffered room air 351 as indoor air. In addition, heat flow between the air to be conditioned indoor air 361 and a fluid that is a heat medium or a refrigerant flowing through the first pipe member 334 (described later) is performed through the first heat insulating material 331. Heat exchange).
In the third embodiment, the heat flow resistance value R of the first heat insulating material 131 is 2 [m ² · K / W], and the heat flow rate K is 0.50 [W / m ² · K. ].

  Moreover, the wall surface material 333 is a wall surface constituting material as an exterior material and an interior material constituting the wall surface of the first air conditioning device 33 provided on the planes of the first heat insulating material 331 and the first pipe member 334, respectively.

The 1st pipe member 334 is a tubular member provided in the inside of the 1st air conditioning equipment 33, and is arranged indoor side rather than the above-mentioned 1st heat insulating material 331. Specifically, the 1st pipe member 334 is uniformly piped with respect to the wall surface so that the inside of the 1st air conditioning apparatus 33 may meander.
A fluid having the same temperature as the temperature of the buffered indoor air 351 or the temperature of the air-conditioned indoor air 361 flows through the first pipe member 334 so that heat does not flow from outside air to the buffered indoor air 351 or the air-conditioned indoor air 361 described later. Is done. As this fluid, water or antifreeze is used in the third embodiment. Water is easy to heat and cool, and is a suitable fluid for maintenance of piping and the like.

Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the 2nd air conditioning apparatus 34 which is the inner wall body 34 is provided with the 2nd heat insulating material 341 and the 2nd pipe member 342 as a 2nd air conditioning means.
The second heat insulating material 341 is a member provided inside the second cooling / heating device 34 that separates the buffer chamber 35 or the air-conditioned room 36 from the air-conditioned room 36, has a high heat-flow resistance value R, and has a buffer room air 351 or 351. Heat flow between the air to be air-conditioned 361 and a fluid that is a heat medium or refrigerant flowing through the second pipe member 342 described later (the heat that the buffered air 351 or the air to be air-conditioned 361 and the fluid perform through the second heat insulating material 341 (Replacement) is reduced.

The 2nd pipe member 342 is a tubular member provided in the inside of the 2nd air conditioning apparatus 34, and is arranged indoor side rather than the above-mentioned 2nd heat insulating material 341. Specifically, the 2nd pipe member 342 is uniformly piped with respect to the wall surface so that the inside of the 2nd air conditioning apparatus 34 may meander.
In the second pipe member 342, a fluid having a temperature higher or lower than the temperature of the air in the air-conditioned room 361 is circulated as a heating medium or a cooling refrigerant in order to air-condition the air-conditioned room 36 described later. As this fluid, water or antifreeze is used in the third embodiment. Water is easy to heat and cool, and is a suitable fluid for maintenance of piping and the like.

In addition, the 2nd heat insulating material 341 and the wall surface material 344 in the 2nd air conditioning apparatus 34 differ in thermal resistance, and the ratio of the heat-flow resistance value R is adjusted by this difference.
In the third embodiment, the heat flow resistance values R of the second heat insulating material 341 and the wall surface material 344 are 1.0 [m ² · K / W] and 0.17 [m ² · K / W], respectively. The heat transmissivity K is 1 [W / m ² · K] and 6 [W / m ² · K], respectively.

Moreover, the wall surface material 344 is a wall surface structural material which comprises the wall surface of the 2nd air conditioning apparatus 34 provided in the plane of the 2nd heat insulating material 341 and the 2nd pipe member 342, respectively. This wall surface constituent material is an interior material, and examples thereof include plywood and gypsum board.
A finishing material may be attached to a base material such as plywood or gypsum board. By attaching such a finishing material, it is possible to increase the heat shielding property or reduce the heat loss. Moreover, it is good also as a structure which attaches a plywood or a gypsum board as a wall panel to a rectangular parallelepiped frame like a building unit. Furthermore, the wall surface constituent material itself may be made to function as a heat insulating material, or may be configured to serve as both the heat insulating material and the wall surface constituent material.

As shown in FIG. 6, the building 2 includes a storage room 41, a first living room 42, a second living room 43, a third living room 44, and a corridor and stairs 45.
The storage room 41 is a space other than the living room, and is provided in the northwest corner of the building 2, and windows 411 and 412 are provided on the north outer wall and the west outer wall, respectively.
The first living room 42 is provided adjacent to the south side of the storage room 41, and windows 421 and 422 are provided on the south side outer wall and the west side outer wall, respectively.
The second living room 43 is provided adjacent to the west side of the first living room 42, and windows 431 and 432 are provided on the south side outer wall and the east side outer wall, respectively.
The third living room 44 is provided adjacent to the north side of the second living room 42, and windows 441 and 442 are provided on the north side outer wall and the east side outer wall, respectively.
The corridor and the stairs 45 are spaces other than the living room, and are provided between the storage room 41 and the third living room 44, and a window 451 is provided on the north side outer wall.
Moreover, the building 2 is provided with the 1st air conditioning apparatus 33 in places other than the window provided in an outer wall body, and the 2nd air conditioning apparatus 34 is provided in places other than the window provided in this inner wall body.

As shown in FIG. 7A, for example, when the furniture F is installed in the second living room 43, if the furniture F is installed along the second air conditioner 34, the space between the furniture F and the second air conditioner 34 is set. Since a slight air layer is locally supercooled, there is a possibility that dew condensation may occur on the wall surface of the second air conditioner 34 on which the furniture F is installed.
Therefore, in the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7B, the second air conditioner 34 in which the furniture F is installed can be switched to the first air conditioner 33.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8, the temperature of the water circulated through the second pipe member 372 of the first air conditioner 37 switched from the second air conditioner 34 to the first air conditioner 33 is set to the second living room. Switch to the same temperature as 43.
Thereby, the heat flow from the 2nd heat insulating material 371 side and the heat flow from the 2nd pipe member 372 side become zero.
For this reason, heat radiation from the wall surface on which the furniture F is installed is eliminated, and there is no risk of condensation.

In addition, the 2nd pipe member 342 provided in the 2nd air conditioning apparatus 34 is provided with the independent multiple system flow path, and each flow path is piped to each location of the inner wall body of the building 2. As shown in FIG.
For this reason, the water of the flow path of the 2nd pipe member 342 corresponding to the 2nd air conditioning apparatus 34 which installs the furniture F is switched to the water currently distribute | circulating to the 1st pipe member 334 of the 1st air conditioning apparatus 33, The second air conditioner 34 can be switched to the first air conditioner 33.

Moreover, as shown in FIG. 9, the specific mechanism which switches the 2nd air conditioning apparatus 34 to the 1st air conditioning apparatus 33 is demonstrated.
Water as the refrigerant or the heat medium is cooled or heated by a heat exchanger (not shown) and adjusted to a predetermined temperature by the first temperature control means 38 and the second temperature control means 39. This temperature-controlled water is discharged to each pipe member by a pump and circulated in the wall of the building 2.

The first temperature control means 38 provided in the first air conditioner 33 has a first step S1 for measuring the water temperature on the discharge side (going side) and a second step for measuring the water temperature on the suction side (return side). By step S2, the water temperature difference between the discharge side and the suction side is monitored for each independent system described above.
Then, the presence or absence of a water temperature difference is determined in the third step S3, and if there is a water temperature difference, the water temperature on the going side is adjusted by a heat exchanger or the like so as to eliminate the temperature difference in the fourth step S4, and again the suction side and the suction side The water temperature difference with the side is monitored.

The second temperature control means 39 provided in the second air conditioner 34 is a fifth step S5 for measuring the water temperature on the discharge side (going side) and the sixth step for measuring the water temperature on the suction side (return side). By step S6, the water temperature difference between the discharge side and the suction side is monitored for each independent system described above.
Then, in the seventh step S7, it is determined whether or not there is a water temperature difference. If the water temperature difference is not present or small, the first temperature control means 38 is switched to and the steps from the first step to the fourth step described above are performed. Monitoring and control are performed so that there is no difference in water temperature between the return side and the return side.

By doing so, for example, when the water temperature difference between the discharge side and the suction side of the flow passage of a certain system is small, it can be determined that the water does not exchange much heat on the corresponding wall surface of the flow passage.
That is, especially in the 2nd air conditioning apparatus 34, the cold heat or heat | fever more than a required heat exchange amount will be supplied to a wall surface, and it will cause dew condensation, energy loss, and over air conditioning.

Therefore, when the difference in water temperature between the discharge side and the suction side is small or substantially zero, the second temperature control means 39 performs the control step so that the water temperature flowing through the system is the same as the room temperature. Switching to 38, the above cause is eliminated.
In other words, by monitoring the temperature difference of the water flowing through each system, it is automatically determined and switched whether each wall body should be the second air conditioning device 34 or the first air conditioning device 33. ing.
For this reason, when installing the furniture F on the wall surface as described above, the resident voluntarily changes the water temperature of the flow passage of the system corresponding to the wall surface on which the furniture F is installed to room temperature, depending on the situation. Temperature control.

[Operation of Radiant Air Conditioning and Heating Device for Building of Third Embodiment]
In the building radiant cooling and heating apparatus 1 according to the third embodiment, in the case of cooling, the first cooling and heating apparatus 33 that is the outer wall body 33 causes the cooling air to flow through to the outside air so as to cancel out the heat flow rate Q from the outside air. The heat flow rate Q from the first air conditioner 33 is substantially zero.
Specifically, in the first air conditioner 33, the water (28 ° C.) flowing through the first pipe member 334 has the same temperature as the room temperature (28 ° C.) of the buffer chamber 35 or the air-conditioned room 36, and the buffer from the water The heat flow rate Q to the chamber 35 or the air-conditioned room 36 is substantially zero.

On the other hand, with respect to the heat flow through the first heat insulating material 331 on the outdoor side, the water temperature (28 ° C.) is lower than the outside air (40 ° C.), so the cold heat of water flows through to the outside air. .
That is, the 1st air conditioning unit 33 is used in order for the cold of the water which distribute | circulates the 1st pipe member 334 to cancel the heat flow from external air.
Therefore, the 1st air-conditioning / heating apparatus 33 does not take away the sensible heat of the buffer room 35 or the air-conditioned room 36 and lower the room temperature, but does not allow the sensible heat from the high temperature outside air to flow into the building 2 indoors. is there.

Next, the second air conditioning apparatus 34 that is the inner wall body 34 of the building 2 is a wall body sandwiched between the buffer chamber 35 or the air-conditioned room 36 and the air-conditioned room 36. In other words, the second air conditioner 34 is a wall body that does not come into contact with outside air.
The second air conditioner 34 is provided with a heat radiation surface TRS as a second air-conditioning surface on the air-conditioned room 36 side to be air-conditioned, and cold water (20 ° C.) (buffer room 35) flowing through the second pipe member 342. Or the main cold of room temperature (30 degreeC thru | or 28 degreeC lower temperature) of the air-conditioned room 36 is radiated | emitted from the thermal radiation surface TRS.

This is because the heat flow resistance R of the second heat insulating material 341 provided on the buffer chamber 35 side and the wall surface material 344 provided on the air-conditioned room 36 side are different so as to sandwich the second pipe member 342 (second heat insulating material). In the case where both the wall surfaces of the second air conditioner 34 are air-conditioned rooms 36, the second heat insulating material 341 is not provided, and both wall surfaces are heated. The radiation surface TRS may be used.
That is, the second air conditioner 34 lowers the room temperature of the air-conditioned room 36 by radiating cold heat (absorbing sensible heat of the air-conditioned room air 361) from the heat radiation surface TRS on the wall surface material 344 side.
On the other hand, cold heat is also radiated from the wall surface on the second heat insulating material 341 side (absorbs the sensible heat of the buffered room air 351 or the air-conditioned room air 361), thereby lowering the room temperature of the buffer room 35 or the air-conditioned room 36. ing.

Summarizing the actions of the first air conditioner 33 and the second air conditioner 34, the second air conditioner 34 that does not come into contact with the outside air radiates the cold heat, thereby taking away the sensible heat of the buffered indoor air 351 or the air-conditioned indoor air 361, Try to lower the room temperature.
On the other hand, the outdoor air outside the building 2 is hot, and the sensible heat of the outdoor air flows through the building 2 to increase the room temperature.
However, the outer wall body that is in contact with the outside air is the first air conditioner 33. As described above, the heat flow rate Q from the outside air is substantially zero, so that the heat load from the outside air is substantially zero (however, the first air conditioner 33). The heat-transmission flow rate Q from the window is substantially zero, and the heat-transfer flow rate Q from the opening such as a window is not zero.
In this way, the first air conditioner 33 blocks sensible heat, and the second air conditioner 34 deprives the sensible heat of the buffered indoor air 351 and the air-conditioned indoor air 361 which are indoor air, thereby lowering the room temperature from the outside air. ing.

[Effects of the building radiant cooling and heating system of the third embodiment]
As described above, according to the third embodiment, for example, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the radiation of a building including the outer wall body 33 serving as an outer wall and the inner wall body 34 serving as an inner wall other than the outer wall body 33. In the air conditioning apparatus 1, the outer wall body 33 is a first air conditioning apparatus 33 that makes the heat flow rate Q with the outside air substantially zero, and is between the outside air and the buffered indoor air 351 or the air-conditioned indoor air 361 of the building 2. The first heat insulating material 331 for reducing heat flow through the first heat insulating material 331, and the first pipe member for circulating water having substantially the same temperature as the temperature of the buffered indoor air 351 or the air-conditioned indoor air 361 provided on the indoor side of the first heat insulating material 331 334, and the inner wall 34 is a second air conditioner 34 that radiates and heats the inside of the building 2 and circulates water at a temperature higher or lower than the temperature of the buffered indoor air 351 or the air-conditioned indoor air 361. A two-tube member 342 That.

  First, the outer wall 33 is the first air-conditioning / heating device 33 having a substantially zero heat-transmission flow rate Q. Specifically, for example, when the outside air is hot and the inside of the building 2 is cooled, the first pipe member 334 is installed. Since the temperature of the circulating refrigerant water and the buffered indoor air 351 or the air-conditioned indoor air 361 are the same, no heat flows in and out from the first pipe member 334 indoors, and the heat balance becomes zero. That is, the cooling water of the coolant is used to balance the amount of heat flowing from the outside air. Therefore, in the first air conditioner 33, heat does not flow between the outside air and the buffered room air 351 or the air-conditioned room air 361 (in the case of cooling, heat is transferred from the outside air to the buffered room air 351 or the air-conditioned room air 361. Does not flow in).

On the other hand, in the case of cooling, the second air conditioner 34 circulates a fluid having a temperature lower than the temperature of the buffered indoor air 351 or the air-conditioned indoor air 361 through the second pipe member 342, unlike the first air conditioning device 33. Cold heat flows from the refrigerant into the buffered indoor air 351 or the air-conditioned indoor air 361. That is, the second air conditioner 34 can reduce (air-condition) the temperature of the buffered indoor air 351 or the air-conditioned indoor air 361.
That is, in other words, the first air conditioner 33 causes the heat to flow in and out so as to cancel out the sensible heat flowing in and out from the outside air, maintains the sensible heat balance, and the sensible heat from the outside air affects the indoor air. Do not give (no heat load).

On the other hand, the second air conditioner 34 actively takes away the sensible heat of the buffered indoor air 351 or the air-conditioned indoor air 361 by the cold heat of the refrigerant (in the case of cooling), so that the buffered indoor air 351 or the air-conditioned air is supplied. The temperature of the indoor air 361 is lowered.
For this reason, the temperature difference with the outside air through which the refrigerant exchanges heat, the buffered indoor air 351, or the air-conditioned indoor air 361 is reduced, heat loss can be reduced, and the cooling effect can be improved.

Further, since the temperature difference is reduced by increasing the temperature of the refrigerant, there is no possibility of causing the problem that the heat radiation surface TRS is condensed.
In the case of cooling, the temperature difference between the heat medium and the outside air and the buffered indoor air 351 or the air-conditioned indoor air 361 can be reduced similarly in the case of heating. The heating effect can be improved.

Further, according to the third embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, the inner wall 34 has a buffered room air 351 or an air-conditioned room air 361 on the wall surface facing the storage room 41, the corridor and the stairs 45 of the building 2. The 2nd heat insulating material 341 which reduces the heat flow between is provided.
By doing so, it is possible to selectively radiate heat from an arbitrary wall surface without radiating heat equally from both surfaces of the inner wall body 34 as in the case where the second heat insulating material 341 is not provided.
In addition, since the second heat insulating material 341 is provided on the wall surface facing the storage room 41, the corridor, and the stairs 45, the amount of heat radiation can be reduced for a space where a resident is not resident, such as the living rooms 42, 43, and 44. The heat can be radiated by adding a reduced amount of heat from the heat radiation surface TRS facing the living rooms 42, 43, 44.
That is, instead of uniformly air-conditioning the buffered room air 351 and the air-conditioned room air 361 as a whole, the strength of air conditioning can be set according to the use situation of the resident.

First, for example, when the furniture F or the like is arranged facing the second air conditioner 34, the accumulated air between the heat radiation surface TRS and the furniture F is supercooled, and the heat radiation surface TRS may be condensed. .
On the other hand, according to the third embodiment, for example, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the second pipe member 342 includes a plurality of flow paths, and the second air conditioner 34 is provided in the inner wall body 34. A part of the flow path is switched to the first cooling / heating wall body 37 by flowing water having a temperature substantially equal to the temperature of the buffered room air 351 or the air-conditioned room air 361 to an arbitrary system of the flow path.

  In this way, when the furniture F or the like is arranged facing the second air conditioner 34, the temperature of the refrigerant flowing through the flow path of the second pipe member 342 provided on the inner wall body 34 on which the furniture F or the like is arranged is changed to the first. By switching to the same temperature as the refrigerant flowing through the first air conditioning device 33, the location can be switched from the second air conditioning device 34 to the first air conditioning wall body 37, so that the heat radiation surface TRS as described above is condensed. Furthermore it can be eliminated.

As mentioned above, although this invention was concretely demonstrated based on this embodiment, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, It can change in the range which does not deviate from the summary.
In 3rd Embodiment, although the 2nd air conditioning apparatus 34 shall be provided with the 2nd heat insulating material 341, for example, it is good also as a thing not including the 2nd heat insulating material 341.
That is, as for the 2nd air conditioning apparatus 34 of such a structure, both surfaces of a wall surface become the thermal radiation surface TRS.
For this reason, when both wall surfaces of the second air conditioner 34 are living rooms, heat can be radiated from both surfaces of the wall surface.

  In the present embodiment, the wall surface constituent material and the surface constituent material and the heat insulating material are separate members. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the wall surface constituent material and the surface constituent material can function as a heat insulating material. Also, it may be configured to serve as both a heat insulating material and a wall surface constituting material.

1 Radiant air conditioner (air conditioner)
2 Building 3 Outer wall body 4 Outer heat insulating material 5 Inner wall member 6 Inner heat insulating material 7 Wall surface material 13 Outer wall body 14 Inner wall body 15 Buffer room 16 Air-conditioned room 23 Roof body 24 Ceiling body 25 Hut space 26 Air-conditioned room 33 1 Air conditioning unit (outer wall)
34 Second air conditioning unit (inner wall)
35 Buffer room 36 Air-conditioned room 37 First cooling / heating wall 38 First temperature control means 39 Second temperature control means 41 Storage room 42 First living room 43 Second living room 44 Third living room 45 Corridor and staircase 131 First heat insulating material 132 Low emissivity material 133 Wall surface material 141 Second heat insulating material 142 Second pipe member (cooling and heating means)
144 Wall material 151 Buffer room air 161 Air-conditioned room air 231 First heat insulating material 232 Low emissivity material 233 Wall material 241 Second heat insulating material 242 Second pipe member (cooling and heating means)
244 Ceiling surface material 251 Inside air inside cabin 261 Air to be conditioned Air 331 First heat insulating material 333 Wall surface material 334 First pipe member (first air conditioning unit)
341 Second heat insulating material 342 Second pipe member (second air conditioning unit)
344 Wall material 351 Buffer room air 361 Air-conditioned room air 371 Second heat insulating material 372 Second pipe member (first air-conditioning means)
411 Window 412 Window 421 Window 422 Window 431 Window 432 Window 441 Window 442 Window 442 Window 451 Window A Heat transfer area F Furniture K Heat flow rate Q Heat flow rate R Heat flow resistance value S1 First step S2 Second step S3 Third step S4 4th step S5 5th step S6 6th step S7 7th step TRS Heat radiation surface (1st air conditioning surface, 2nd air conditioning surface)

Claims (10)

An air-conditioned room, and a buffer room adjacent to the air-conditioned room and partitioned by an inner wall,
The buffer chamber is partitioned from the outside by an outer wall body serving as an outer wall,
The said inner wall body is equipped with the heat insulating material and the air-conditioning means provided in the said to-be-air-conditioned room side rather than the said heat insulating material, The building characterized by the above-mentioned. An air-conditioned room, and a shed space adjacent to the air-conditioned room and partitioned by a ceiling body,
The attic space is partitioned from the outside by a roof body that is a roof,
The said ceiling body is equipped with the heat insulating material and the air conditioning means provided in the said air-conditioned room side rather than the said heat insulating material, The building characterized by the above-mentioned. In the building according to claim 1 or 2,
A low emissivity material having a low emissivity is provided on a wall surface of the outer wall body on the buffer chamber side or a surface of the roof body on the hut space side. In the building according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The building, wherein the buffer room or the attic space is a space other than a living room. A building comprising an outer wall body serving as an outer wall and an inner wall body serving as an inner wall other than the outer wall body,
The outer wall body includes a first heat insulating material, and a first air conditioning unit provided on the indoor side of the first heat insulating material,
The inner wall body includes a second air conditioning unit,
The first air conditioning unit reduces heat flow from the outside air,
The building characterized in that the second air conditioning unit increases or decreases the amount of heat of indoor air. In the building according to claim 5,
The said inner wall body is equipped with the 2nd heat insulating material in one wall surface side, The building characterized by the above-mentioned. In the building according to claim 5 or 6,
The second air conditioning unit is arbitrarily switched to the first air conditioning unit. An air conditioning apparatus comprising: a first air conditioning unit provided on an outer wall body including a first heat insulating material; and a second air conditioning unit provided on an inner wall body,
The first air-conditioning means includes first temperature control means for controlling the temperature of the wall surface so that the temperature of the wall surface of the outer wall body provided on the indoor side with respect to the first air-conditioning means is substantially the same as the temperature of the gas in contact therewith. Prepared,
The second air conditioning unit controls the temperature of the wall surface so that the temperature is higher during heating and lower than the temperature of the gas contacting the wall surface of the inner wall provided on the indoor side than the second air conditioning unit. An air conditioning apparatus comprising second temperature control means. The air conditioning apparatus according to claim 8,
The said inner wall body is equipped with the 2nd heat insulating material provided in one wall surface side rather than the said 2nd air conditioning means, The air conditioning apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned. The air conditioning apparatus according to claim 9,
The second air conditioning unit is optionally switched to the first air conditioning unit.

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