JP2017127259A - Thin film hydroponic system and method of growing plant by thin film hydroponics - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hydroponic system which can plant and grow seedlings efficiently in thin film hydroponics.SOLUTION: A thin film hydroponic system comprises a plant body holding member 23, a plant body 22 held by the plant body holding member after raising seedling, a float member 24 which has a plurality of apertures and which stores the plant body holding members at the apertures, and an inclined channel which has a channel for flowing water or a nutrient solution which are supplied, wherein the float member is arranged in the channel and the top of the channel is opened.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a system for thin film hydroponic (NFT), and also relates to a method for growing a plant body by NFT.

  Thin film hydroponics (NFT) is known as a method of hydroponics, and is a method of thinly flowing liquid manure from above a channel having a gentle slope called a channel and circulating the liquid manure for use. (For example, see Patent Documents 1 to 3). An outline of a typical apparatus is shown in FIG.

  The thin film hydroponic cultivation apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 1 arranges a plurality of plant bodies 2 on an inclined channel 1 that is gently inclined. The channel 1 is, for example, one in which a hole is formed in a vinyl chloride cylindrical pipe and a plant body is arranged, or one in which an opening portion for arranging a plant body is provided in a rectangular tube body, and a pot or the like is used in each opening portion. The plant body is arrange | positioned through the plant body holding member. The inclined channel 1 has a thin liquid fertilizer 7 on its bottom surface, and the liquid fertilizer 7 is supplied to the plant body from the roots extending from the plant body 2. The inclined channel 1 is inclined from left to right in the figure, and a drainage tube 3 for discharging liquid fertilizer is provided near the right end of the channel. The liquid manure discharged from the drainage tube 3 is collected in the reservoir 4 and the concentration of the liquid manure is adjusted as necessary. The liquid fertilizer in the reservoir 4 is supplied again to the inclined channel 1 by the liquid supply pump 5 through the liquid supply tube 6.

  In such thin-film hydroponics, the root of the plant body is formed in a mat shape in order to reduce the depth of the inclined channel, so that oxygen supply to the root is sufficiently performed, the channel is not deep, and the strength is also high. Since it is not required so much, it is possible to reduce the weight and to have advantages such as easy installation at a high place.

JP 7-79653 A JP 2000-50754 A JP 2005-95135 A

  However, the conventional thin-film hydroponics is provided with a plant body holding body such as a pot at each opening of the inclined channel, and when planting seedlings, it is necessary to provide a working path and further provide a working space. there were. On the other hand, when planting seedlings, there is also a method of removing the inclined channel and moving it, and then setting it again after planting the seedling. There was a possibility that it would occur.

  This invention makes it a subject to provide the hydroponic cultivation system which can perform the planting and cultivation of a seedling efficiently in thin film hydroponics.

The present inventors proceeded with research to solve the above problems, and used a float member holding a plant body in thin-film hydroponics, and suspended the float member on water or liquid fertilizer supplied to an inclined channel for hydroponics. By providing, it discovered that the arrangement | positioning to the inclined channel after planting a seedling, the conveyance after plant growth, the replacement | exchange operation of a seedling, etc. could be performed efficiently, and completed this invention.

That is, the embodiment of the present invention comprises a plant body holding member,
Plant bodies after seedling held in the plant body holding member,
A float member that has a plurality of openings, the plant body holding member is housed in the openings, and a flow path for supplying supplied water or liquid fertilizer, and the float member is disposed in the flow path; An inclined channel with an open top,
Is a thin film hydroponics system.

  In addition, the plant body holding member preferably holds the coated fertilizer together with the plant body after raising seedlings, and it is preferable that water is continuously or intermittently supplied to the inclined channel without being circulated. Since thin-film hydroponics is possible without using liquid fertilizer, even if thin-film hydroponics is performed outdoors, a vinyl house is no longer necessary, and there is also a pump facility for circulating the liquid fertilizer. There is no need for any large-scale equipment. Moreover, the agricultural chemical which was not able to be used by the hydroponics which assumed the circulation of liquid fertilizer conventionally by the said form can be used.

Moreover, it is preferable that the said inclination channel is equipped with a windbreak mechanism, and it is preferable that the longitudinal direction end of the said inclination channel is open | released.
The plant body holding member is preferably a soil filled with a soil and a pot filled with the soil, and is preferably a urethane sponge or rock wool.

Moreover, another embodiment of the present invention has a plant body holding member, a plant body after seedling supported by the plant body holding member, and a plurality of openings, and the plant body holding member is provided in the opening. Preparing a stored float member;
It is a thin-film hydroponics method including the step which arrange | positions the float member prepared at the said step on the flow path of an inclination channel.

Preferably, the method includes a step of planting a plant body on the float member in a state where the float member is not disposed in the inclined channel.
Moreover, it is preferable that the said plant body holding member contains the step which hold | maintains a covering fertilizer with the plant body after raising seedling, and supplies water to the said inclination channel continuously or intermittently without circulating.
And it is preferable to carry out outdoors, without using a vinyl house, and it is preferable to further include the step of spraying an agrochemical on a plant body.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the hydroponic cultivation system which can perform the planting and cultivation of a seedling efficiently can be provided in thin film hydroponics. Further, in a preferred embodiment, since thin film hydroponics can be performed without using liquid fertilizer, a vinyl house is unnecessary even when performing thin film hydroponics outdoors, and for circulating liquid fertilizer. Pump equipment is also unnecessary, and no large-scale equipment is required.

It is a front schematic diagram which shows the conventional common thin film hydroponic cultivation apparatus. It is an upper surface schematic diagram which shows the thin film hydroponic cultivation system which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the AA 'dashed-dotted line of FIG. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the BB 'dashed-dotted line of FIG. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the modification of this invention, and specifically shows the modification of FIG. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the modification of this invention, and specifically shows the modification of FIG. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the modification of this invention, and specifically shows the modification of FIG.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the contents described below, and can be arbitrarily changed and implemented without changing the gist thereof. is there.
In addition, the drawings used for the description all schematically show the hydroponic cultivation tool according to the present invention, and are partially emphasized, enlarged, reduced, or omitted to deepen the understanding. In some cases, it does not accurately represent the scale or shape of the member. Furthermore, the various numerical values used in the description with reference to the drawings are only examples, and can be variously changed as necessary.

  The thin film hydroponic cultivation system according to an embodiment of the present invention has a plant body holding member, a plant body after seedling held on the plant body holding member, and a plurality of openings, and the plant body holding member in the opening. Is a thin film hydroponic cultivation system comprising a float member that contains water and a flow path for supplying supplied water or liquid fertilizer, the float member being disposed in the flow path, and an inclined channel having an open top .

In FIG. 2, the upper surface schematic diagram of the hydroponic cultivation system which concerns on embodiment of this invention is shown, The cross-sectional schematic diagram in the AA 'dashed-dotted line in FIG. 2 is shown in FIG. 3, BB' one point in FIG. The cross-sectional schematic diagram in a chain line is shown in FIG.
In the thin-film hydroponics system 20 shown in the figure, the inclined channel 21 is gently inclined downward from B to B ′ along the BB ′ dashed line in the figure. Therefore, the water 26 (not shown in FIG. 2) supplied from the water supply port 25 flows thinly on the inclined channel 21.
A float member 24 that houses a plant body holding member 23 that holds the plant body 22 floats in the flow path through which the water 26 flows. The water 26 may be liquid fertilizer, but the nutrient can be delivered to the plant body 22 without using liquid fertilizer by using a coated fertilizer 27 described later.
The inclined channel 21 has a shape in which a float member 24 containing the plant body holding member 23 can be disposed, and the shape is not particularly limited as long as water can be supplied to the root of the held plant body 22. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, it may be a rectangular housing with the upper part opened, or a cylindrical body with the upper part opened as shown in FIG.

  The float member 24 may be any member that can accommodate the plant body holding member 23 and floats on the water surface. For example, polystyrene foam, wood, a resin sheet, or the like may be used. The float member 24 has an opening for accommodating the plant body holding member 23, and the opening can make the plant body holding member detachable. By making the plant body holding member 23 detachable, the plant body holding member 23 can be easily replaced at the time of replanting accompanying the harvesting of the plant body 22, for example.

  As long as the float member 24 can be disposed in the inclined channel 21, its thickness, the size of the flat surface portion, the number of openings, the distance between the openings, the size of the openings, etc. are not particularly limited and are appropriately set. it can. From the viewpoint of stability of the float member 24, it is preferable that the width of the water surface flowing in the inclined channel 21 and the width direction length of the float member 24 are substantially the same. In addition, the opening part of the float member 24 is good also as a taper shape toward a depth direction from a viewpoint of fixation of the plant body holding member 23. FIG.

  If the plant body 22 is a plant body normally grown by hydroponics, it will not be specifically limited. Flowers such as various ornamental flowers and edible flowers, ornamental plants, and vegetables (edible plants) such as lettuce, tomato, spinach and baby leaf may be used.

  If the plant body holding member 23 can hold | maintain a plant body, it will not be specifically limited, What is necessary is just to select what is normally used for hydroponics. In FIG. 2, the plant body 22 is hold | maintained using the pot 23a and the cultivation soil 23b. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and rock wool, foamed phenol, urethane sponge, or the like may be used.

  3 and 4, the plant body holding body 23 holds the coated fertilizer 27 together with the plant body 22 after raising seedlings. By using the coated fertilizer 27, hydroponics can be performed without using liquid fertilizer. For this reason, it is not necessary to consider the change in liquid fertilizer concentration due to rainwater even in open-sea hydroponics, and it is unnecessary to provide rain protection for vinyl houses or the like that has been conventionally required. Furthermore, since it is not necessary to circulate the liquid fertilizer, it is not necessary to prepare large facilities such as a reservoir and a liquid supply pump.

  The coated fertilizer is a fertilizer in which the fertilizer is coated with a resin or the like, and is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-59382, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-1550, and International Publication No. 2012/147668. Therefore, it may be prepared, and a commercial product may be purchased because there is a commercial product. When the plant body is grown using the coated fertilizer, the root of the plant body covers the coated fertilizer when the root grows to some extent, so that the fertilizer efficiency is improved.

Although not shown, a drain outlet exists at the end of the inclined channel 21 where the water inlet 25 does not exist, and the water supplied from the water inlet 25 is drained. A drainage tube or the like may be provided as the drainage port, and drainage may be performed as it is by using an inclination by opening the end.
In the thin film hydroponics system concerning this embodiment, when covering manure is used, the form which supplies tap water and groundwater from the water supply mouth 25, and discharges the tap water supplied from the other end can be adopted. That is, it is not a form in which liquid fertilizer is circulated, but tap water or groundwater substantially free of nutrients can be supplied continuously or intermittently from one end and drained from the other end. With such a form, once the liquid fertilizer or the plant body is contaminated with bacteria and viruses, the problem that the bacteria and viruses spread throughout the circulatory system can be solved. Moreover, generation | occurrence | production of algae can be suppressed and cleaning becomes easy. Furthermore, since there is no danger of concentration of agricultural chemicals, it is possible to use agricultural chemicals.

  “Substantial” is a term for distinguishing liquid fertilizer from tap water or groundwater. That is, an embodiment in which a very low concentration of nutrients is intentionally added to tap water or groundwater is supplied with a very low concentration of nutrients compared to liquid fertilizers generally used in hydroponics. Such an embodiment shall be “substantially free of nutrients”. Therefore, in many cases, water is supplied to the plant body. However, as described above, the embodiment in which some nutrients are added to the plant belongs to the technical scope of the present invention. For example, the concentrations of the main component of liquid fertilizer, potassium, sodium, and phosphorus may all be 1 ppm or less, or the concentration of all lysates including these may be 50 ppm or less.

Further, “continuously supplied” means that water is constantly supplied from outside the hydroponic cultivation system, for example, from a water tap or a groundwater pump.
Further, “intermittently supplying” means that the supply continues even though the supply may be temporarily suspended. For example, when water is supplied several times a day for about 10 to 30 minutes at a time. By such a method, the growth of the plant body may be promoted.
In addition, in this embodiment, since the temperature change of the water by time is very small, it is preferable on the growth of a biological body to use groundwater.

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the thin-film hydroponics system 20 shown in FIG. The thin film hydroponics system 30 includes a windbreak mechanism 38. By providing the windbreak mechanism 38, it is possible to prevent the float member 34 from being overturned or blown off by a strong wind. The windbreak mechanism 38 may be provided so as to be detachable from the inclined channel 31. For example, the windbreak mechanism 38 may be attached in the case of a forecast in which the wind becomes strong in a weather forecast or a forecast that a typhoon approaches. The float member 34 is taken out from above the inclined channel 31 when the wind shield mechanism 38 is provided, particularly when the distance between the wind shield mechanisms on both sides is reduced upward. It can be difficult. In that case, if the windbreak mechanism 38 is detachable, the float member 34 may be removed after the windbreak mechanism 38 is removed. When the windbreak mechanism is not detachable, the float channel 34 can be moved horizontally in the longitudinal direction by opening the water supply port of the inclined channel 31 and the other end so that the inclined channel 31 can be taken in and out. It becomes possible.

  FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the thin-film hydroponics system 20 shown in FIG. In the thin-film hydroponics system 40, the shape of the inclined channel 41 is a substantially semi-cylindrical shape. When the inclined channel 41 is formed into a semi-cylindrical shape, the end of the inclined channel 41 is positioned above the horizontal radius indicated by a two-dot chain line CC ′ in the figure, so that the inclination also serves as a windbreak mechanism. It can be a channel. Such an inclined channel can be produced, for example, by opening an upper portion of a cylindrical vinyl chloride pipe.

  FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the thin-film hydroponics system 20 shown in FIG. In the thin-film hydroponics system 50, the form which used the urethane sponge as the plant body holding member 53 is shown. When a urethane sponge is used as the plant body holding member, the coated fertilizer 57 is disposed on the plant body holding member 53.

  Another embodiment of the present invention includes a plant body holding member, a plant body after seedling supported by the plant body holding member, and a plurality of openings, and the plant body holding member is accommodated in the openings. A thin film hydroponics method comprising the steps of: preparing a float member; and placing the float member prepared in the above step on a channel of an inclined channel.

  Preferably, the method further includes a step of planting a plant body on the float member in a state where the float member is not disposed on the tilt channel. By using the float member, the plant body is located at a place different from the tilt channel. Can be planted so that no work space is required around the inclined channel. Moreover, since a plant body can be planted continuously with respect to several float members in one place, the efficiency of planting improves.

  In addition, by disposing a coated fertilizer on the plant body holding member and continuously or intermittently supplying water without circulating water to the inclined channel, it is not necessary to use liquid fertilizer, outdoors, Thin film hydroponics can be performed without using a vinyl house, and agricultural chemicals can be sprayed onto plants.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Thin-film hydroponics apparatus 1 Inclination channel 2 Plant body 3 Drainage tube 4 Reservoir 5 Feeding pump 6 Feeding tube 7 Liquid fertilizer 20, 30, 40, 50 Thin-film hydroponic cultivation apparatus 21, 31, 41, 51 Inclination channel 22 , 32, 42, 52 Plant body 23, Plant body holding member 23a Pot 23b Culture soil 24, 34, 44, 54 Float member 25, Water supply port 26, 36, 46, 56 Water 27, 37 Coated fertilizer 38 Windbreak mechanism

Claims (11)

Plant body holding member,
A plant body after seedling held on the plant body holding member,
A float member having a plurality of openings, the plant body holding member being housed in the openings, and a flow path for supplying supplied water or nutrient solution; and the float member is disposed in the flow path An inclined channel with an upper opening,
A thin-film hydroponics system.   The thin film according to claim 1, wherein the plant body holding member holds the coated fertilizer together with the plant body after raising seedling, and water is continuously or intermittently supplied to the inclined channel without being circulated. Hydroponics system.   The thin-film hydroponics system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the inclined channel includes a windbreak mechanism.   The thin film hydroponics system according to claim 3, wherein one end of the inclined channel in the longitudinal direction is open.   The thin-film hydroponics system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the plant body holding member is cultivated soil and a pot filled with the cultivated soil.   The thin-film hydroponics system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the plant body holding member is urethane sponge or rock wool. Preparing a plant body holding member, a plant body after seedling support supported by the plant body holding member, and a float member having a plurality of openings, and housing the plant body holding member in the openings;
A thin-film hydroponics method comprising the step of placing the float member prepared in the above step on a channel of an inclined channel.   The thin-film hydroponics method according to claim 7, comprising a step of planting a plant body on the float member in a state where the float member is not disposed in the inclined channel. The plant body holding member holds the coated fertilizer together with the plant body after raising seedlings,
The thin-film hydroponics method of Claim 7 or 8 including the step which supplies continuously or intermittently without circulating water to the said inclination channel.   The thin-film hydroponics method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, which is performed outdoors without using a vinyl house.   The thin film hydroponics method according to any one of claims 7 to 10, further comprising a step of spraying the agricultural chemical on the plant body.