JP2017122558A - Waste treatment method and waste treatment equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a waste treatment method and waste treatment equipment capable of dissolving the shelf suspension of solid waste at an early stage.SOLUTION: A waste treatment method of a waste melting furnace 2 according to the disclosure uses the waste melting furnace 2 that comprises: a body part 20; upper three-stage tuyeres 31 for blowing air into the body part 20; a temperature sensor T1 disposed at a position corresponding to the upper three-stage tuyeres 31, and the method comprises the steps of: (a) obtaining the temperature detected by the temperature sensor T1; (b) determining whether the obtained temperature rise mode satisfies a prescribed wind increase condition or not; and (c) increasing the blast volume into the upper three-stage tuyeres 31 when it is determined that the temperature rise mode satisfies the prescribed wind increase condition.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present disclosure relates to a waste treatment method and a waste treatment apparatus.

  As a method for treating waste, for example, there is a method of melting waste in an industrial furnace (waste melting furnace) using a carbon-based combustible material such as coke as a melting heat source. Disposal of waste by melting makes it possible to reduce the volume of waste, and it is also possible to recycle incinerated ash and incombustible waste that have been finally disposed of by landfill into slag and metal. It becomes.

  In a waste melting furnace, it is important to reduce the volume appropriately by thoroughly drying and burning the input waste. In the waste melting furnace disclosed in Patent Document 1, in order to increase the drying capacity of the furnace, a plurality of tuyere for supplying air are arranged in a drying zone, which is a region where the waste is mainly dried.

JP 2000-291919 A

  Here, for example, when waste containing a lot of moisture is put into the furnace, the waste may not be sufficiently dried in the drying zone. In this case, there is a possibility that the suspension of the descent of the waste that has not been appropriately reduced in volume will occur, and the unloading of the waste may stagnate. Conventionally, for waste shelves, the amount of coke is increased to compensate for the heat source, or by changing the dumping position by adjusting the damper angle, etc. Urging. However, it may take time for the shelf to be resolved naturally. In this case, there are problems such as stagnation of waste treatment amount, increase in exhaust gas CO concentration, and increase in running cost due to increase in coke usage. It becomes.

  Therefore, an object of the present disclosure is to provide a waste disposal method and a waste disposal apparatus that can eliminate waste shelves at an early stage.

  A waste disposal method for a waste melting furnace according to the present disclosure includes a main body, a first tuyere that blows air into the main body, and a temperature sensor that is disposed at a position corresponding to the first tuyere. Using a waste melting furnace, (a) acquiring the temperature detected by the temperature sensor, and (b) whether the temperature increase mode acquired in (a) above satisfies a predetermined wind increase condition. And (c) increasing the air flow rate of the first tuyere when it is determined in (b) that the temperature increase mode satisfies the wind increase condition.

  According to the waste disposal method of the waste melting furnace according to the present disclosure, when the temperature at the position corresponding to the first tuyere that blows air into the main body is higher than a predetermined value, the blowing amount of the first tuyere is Increased. When the shelf hanging of waste occurs, the unloading of the waste stagnate above the portion where the shelf hanging occurs. On the other hand, the processing of the waste proceeds as usual below the portion where the shelf is hung. For this reason, an area (cavity) where there is no waste to be processed is generated as the waste processing progresses below the shelf hanging portion. Since hot gas passes through the cavity in the absence of waste, the temperature of the cavity and its surrounding area (that is, the peripheral area of the shelf hanging point) rises. Thus, the occurrence of shelf hanging and the temperature rise have a correlation. In this regard, in the waste treatment method according to the present disclosure, when the temperature increase mode satisfies the wind increase condition, the air volume of the tuyere associated with the temperature sensor that detects the temperature is increased. As a result, it is possible to increase the amount of air blown from the tuyere of the shelf hanging portion assumed to be generated around the location where the temperature is rising, and to promote drying and combustion at the shelf hanging portion. Thereby, the shelf hanging of waste can be eliminated at an early stage.

  In said (b), it is good also considering the temperature acquired in said (a) exceeding a 1st threshold value as said wind increase conditions. By determining whether or not the temperature exceeds the threshold value, it is possible to easily and reliably grasp the temperature rise.

  The waste melting furnace further includes a second tuyere disposed below the first tuyere so as to sandwich a temperature sensor between the first tuyere and in (c) above, in (b) above When it is determined that the temperature rise mode satisfies the wind increase condition, the air flow rate of the first tuyere may be increased and the air flow rate of the second tuyere may be decreased.

  The temperature rises remarkably in the cavity below the shelves. Therefore, when the temperature in the temperature sensor has risen remarkably, there is a high possibility that the area of the temperature sensor is a cavity and the temperature sensor is above the shelf. From this, when the temperature rise mode satisfies the wind increase condition, the first tuyere assumed to be a shelf hanging position is increased by increasing the air flow rate of the first tuyere above the temperature sensor. Can be increased appropriately. Here, when the waste processing proceeds as usual under the shelf hanging portion, the cavity gradually increases. When the cavities become larger, when the shelves are subsequently lifted, the waste above the shelves will fall rapidly to the vicinity of the hearth, and waste disposal may not be performed properly. . In this regard, by reducing the amount of air blown from the second tuyere below the temperature sensor arranged in the hollow area, waste disposal below the shelf hanging position can be suppressed, and as a result The occurrence of the problem after the above-described shelf suspension is eliminated can be suppressed.

  The waste melting furnace includes a plurality of temperature sensors arranged in the circumferential direction. In (c) above, in (b) above, each of the rising modes detected by at least two temperature sensors satisfies the wind increase condition. If it is determined that the air volume is present, the air volume of the first tuyere may be increased. As a result, the shelf suspension is determined when a temperature increase is detected in each of the temperature sensors provided at different positions in the circumferential direction, so that the shelf suspension can be specified with higher accuracy. In addition, it is judged that the hanging of the shelf is based on the fact that the temperature at different positions in the circumferential direction is rising, so that there is a large influence on the stagnation of the unloading of the waste, such as the formation of a cavity over a wide range in the circumferential direction. When it is assumed, it can increase appropriately the ventilation volume of a 1st tuyere.

  The waste melting furnace includes a plurality of first tuyere arranged in the circumferential direction and a plurality of temperature sensors arranged in the circumferential direction so as to correspond to each of the plurality of first tuyere. Only the 1st tuyere corresponding to the temperature sensor which detected the raise mode which satisfy | fills conditions may be increased. As a result, it is possible to increase the air flow rate only at the tuyere at locations where it is assumed that shelves are generated in the circumferential direction, and necessary and sufficient processing can be performed according to the locations where shelves are generated.

  In (c) above, the air volume of the first tuyere is increased and the air volume of the second tuyere is decreased so that the total air volume of the first tuyere and the second tuyere increases. Also good. As a result, the total ventilation volume of all tuyere increases when shelves occur, so that drying and burning of waste at the shelves can be more effectively promoted, and waste shelves Suspension can be eliminated earlier.

  (D) acquiring the temperature detected by the temperature sensor in the state where the air flow rate of the first tuyere is increased in (c) above, and (e) decreasing the temperature acquired in (d) above. Determining whether or not a predetermined wind-reducing condition is satisfied; and (f) the amount of air blown from the first tuyere when it is determined in (e) that the temperature decrease mode satisfies the wind-reducing condition. May be further included. Thereby, cancellation | release of shelf suspension can be judged according to temperature, and it can return to normal operation at the appropriate timing assumed that shelf suspension was eliminated.

  In addition, a waste treatment apparatus according to the present disclosure includes a waste melting furnace having a first tuyere and a temperature sensor disposed at a position corresponding to the first tuyere, and a temperature detected by the temperature sensor. Obtaining, determining whether the temperature increase condition satisfies a predetermined wind increase condition, and increasing the air flow rate of the first tuyere when the temperature increase condition is satisfied And a controller configured as described above.

  According to the present disclosure, it is possible to eliminate waste shelves at an early stage.

It is a schematic diagram which shows schematic structure of a waste disposal apparatus. It is a table | surface which shows an example of a threshold value table. It is a hardware block diagram of a controller. It is a flowchart which shows the execution procedure of a waste disposal method. It is the figure which showed typically the waste melting furnace at the time of normal operation. It is the figure which showed typically the waste melting furnace at the time of shelf hanging generation | occurrence | production. It is the figure which showed typically the waste melting furnace at the time of concentrated ventilation. It is the figure which showed typically the waste melting furnace at the time of concentrated ventilation. It is a table | surface which shows the result of Example 1, Example 2, and a comparative example. 10 is a graph showing the results of Example 3.

  Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the description, the same elements or elements having the same functions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

[Waste treatment equipment]
First, the outline of the waste treatment apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  The waste treatment apparatus 1 is a facility for performing gasification and melting treatment on general waste, industrial waste, and the like (hereinafter simply referred to as “waste”). For example, the waste treatment apparatus 1 includes a waste melting furnace 2, a granulated pit 5, a combustion chamber 6, a boiler 61, a temperature reducing tower 62, a dust collector 63, a catalytic reaction tower 64, and a chimney 65. And a controller 90. As will be described later, the gas generated from the waste is discharged from the upper part of the waste melting furnace 2, and the melt generated from the waste is discharged from the lower part of the waste melting furnace 2.

  The water granulation pit 5 performs water granulation cooling on the melt discharged from the lower part of the waste melting furnace 2 and collects it. The granulated pit 5 includes a casing (not shown) for storing cooling water, and a scraper conveyor (not shown) for taking out the coolant that has been granulated and cooled in the casing. The combustion chamber 6 and the boiler 61 are connected to the upper part of the waste melting furnace 2 through an exhaust duct, and recover thermal energy from the exhaust gas of the waste melting furnace 2. The temperature reducing tower 62, the dust collector 63, and the catalytic reaction tower 64 are connected to the downstream side of the boiler 61 and render the exhaust gas harmless. The chimney 65 emits detoxified exhaust gas.

(Waste melting furnace)
The waste melting furnace 2 thermally decomposes and gasifies the combustible material in the waste under a reducing atmosphere to melt ash and incombustible materials. The waste melting furnace 2 is formed of a refractory material including brick, SiC, alumina and the like. The waste melting furnace 2 includes a cylindrical main body portion 20 extending in the vertical direction, a gas guiding portion 21 connected to the upper side of the main body portion 20, and a melt storage portion 22 connected to the lower side of the main body portion 20. ing. The main body 20 forms a space for accommodating waste, and guides the waste from above to below. The gas guiding part 21 collects the gas generated from the waste in the main body part 20 and guides it to the exhaust duct. The melt storage unit 22 stores the melt generated from the waste in the main body unit 20.

  The main body 20 includes a straight body portion 23 having a constant inner cross-sectional area, and a tapered portion 24 that continues to the lower side of the straight body portion 23 and decreases in the inner cross-sectional area as it goes downward. The inner surface 23a of the straight body portion 23 has a cylindrical shape, and the inner surface 24a of the tapered portion 24 has an inverted truncated cone shape.

The inner diameter and height of the main body 20 are determined according to, for example, the volume required for the drying area 70 and the volume required for the pyrolysis area 71 described later. The volume required for the drying region 70 is, for example, the moisture contained in the waste that is put into the waste melting furnace 2 per hour with the moisture drying amount per hour being 50 to 150 kg / (m ³ · h). This is the volume that can dry the entire amount (ie, the amount of input water). The volume required for the pyrolysis region 71 is, for example, waste and coke that are charged into the waste melting furnace 2 per hour with an amount of carbon gasification per hour of 50 to 150 kg / (m ³ · h). It is the volume which can gasify carbon contained in.

  The melt storage part 22 has a cylindrical side wall part 22a and a bottom part 22b that closes the lower end part of the side wall part 22a. The upper end portion of the side wall portion 22 a is connected to the lower end portion of the tapered portion 24. At the lower end portion of the side wall portion 22a, a hot water outlet 27 for discharging the melt stored in the melt storage portion 22 is provided. The hot water outlet 27 is provided with an open / close mechanism (not shown), and discharges the melt intermittently. On the outside of the hot water outlet 27, a molten metal bowl 28 extending obliquely downward from the side wall portion 22a is provided. The melt slag 28 sends the melt to the granulated pit 5.

  The gas guiding part 21 has a cylindrical shape. A lower end portion of the gas guiding portion 21 is connected to an upper end portion of the straight body portion 23 of the main body portion 20. The middle part of the gas guiding part 21 in the vertical direction bulges in the radial direction. For this reason, the inner surface 21 a of the gas guiding portion 21 swells in the radial direction compared to the inner surface 23 a of the straight body portion 23. The upper end portion of the gas guiding portion 21 is reduced in diameter as compared with the lower end portion, and constitutes an opening 2 a of the waste melting furnace 2. An inner cylinder 25 is inserted into the opening 2a.

  The inner cylinder 25 has a cylindrical shape, and introduces waste and a carbon-based combustible material into the waste melting furnace 2. The lower end portion of the inner cylinder 25 is located above the lower end portion of the gas guiding portion 21. In addition, an exhaust port 26 is provided in the upper part of the gas guiding portion 21. The exhaust port 26 discharges gas generated from the waste in the main body 20. The exhaust port 26 is connected to the combustion chamber 6 through an exhaust duct.

  Here, the area | region in the waste melting furnace 2 is divided into the drying area | region 70 (drying part), the thermal decomposition area | region 71, and the fusion | melting area | region 72 according to the main processing content. The drying area 70 is formed in the upper part of the waste melting furnace 2 and is an area for mainly drying and preheating the waste. The thermal decomposition region 71 is a region that is formed below the drying region 70 and mainly pyrolyzes and combusts combustible components in the dried waste. The melting region 72 is a region that is formed below the pyrolysis region 71 and mainly melts ash and incombustibles.

  Which region in the furnace is the drying region 70, the pyrolysis region 71, and the melting region 72 is determined by, for example, the temperature in the furnace. For example, a portion where the furnace temperature is 300 to 600 ° C. is a dry region, a portion where the furnace temperature is 600 to 1200 ° C. is a pyrolysis region, and a portion where the furnace temperature is 1200 to 1800 ° C. is melted. It is an area.

  The waste melting furnace 2 includes at least one upper tuyere 30, at least one lower tuyere 40, and a temperature sensor T.

  The lower tuyere 40 is provided on the peripheral wall of the melt reservoir 22 and is used to supply oxygen-enriched air into the furnace. Oxygen-enriched air is air with an increased oxygen concentration. For example, the lower tuyere 40 is connected to a blower 42 that blows air by an amount corresponding to an input of a control signal from the controller 90 and an oxygen generator 41 for enriching the air with oxygen. A valve 40 a is provided in the flow path from the blower 42 toward the lower tuyere 40. The valve 40 a adjusts the opening degree of the flow path according to the input of the control signal from the controller 90. The oxygen generator 41 described above is connected to the flow path from the valve 40 a toward the lower tuyere 40.

  The lower tuyere 40 may be disposed at a plurality of locations arranged in the circumferential direction of the side wall portion 22a. As a preferred arrangement example, the lower tuyere 40 may be arranged in eight places at intervals of 45 ° in the circumferential direction. The tip of the lower tuyere 40 may protrude into the melt storage part 22 or may not protrude.

  The upper tuyere 30 is provided on the peripheral wall of the tapered portion 24 and is used for supplying air into the furnace (specifically, in the main body portion 20). The upper tuyere 30 is connected to the blower 42. The waste melting furnace 2 may have a plurality of upper tuyere 30 arranged in the vertical direction. As an example, the waste melting furnace 2 has a plurality of (three stages) upper tuyere 30 in the vertical direction. Hereinafter, among the upper three-stage tuyere 30, the upper stage is the upper three-stage tuyere 31 (first tuyere), the middle stage is the upper two-stage tuyere 32 (second tuyere), and the lowest stage is the upper one-stage tuyere This will be described as the mouth 33. Valves 31a, 32a, and 33a are provided in the flow paths from the blower 42 to the upper three-stage tuyere 31, the upper two-stage tuyere 32, and the upper first-stage tuyere 33, and the valves 31a, 32a, 33a adjusts the opening degree of the flow path according to the input of the control signal from the controller 90.

  The upper three-stage tuyere 31 is provided in the drying region 70, and specifically, is provided near the inflection point of the tapered portion 24 with the straight body portion 23. In the vicinity of the inflection point, unloading of waste that has not been properly reduced in volume is stagnant and shelves tend to occur. The upper two-stage tuyere 32 is provided in an area below the upper three-stage tuyere 31 in the drying area 70. The upper first tuyere 33 is provided in the thermal decomposition region 71.

  The upper three-stage tuyere 31, the upper two-stage tuyere 32, and the upper first-stage tuyere 33 may be provided at a plurality of locations arranged in the circumferential direction. For example, the upper three-stage tuyere 31 is arranged in four places at intervals of 90 ° in the circumferential direction, and the upper two-stage tuyere 32 is arranged in four places at intervals of 90 ° in the circumferential direction. The stage tuyere 33 is arranged in four places at intervals of 90 ° in the circumferential direction.

  The arrangement of the upper three-stage tuyere 31, the upper two-stage tuyere 32, and the upper first-stage tuyere 33 is not limited to the above, and all the upper tuyeres 30 may be provided in the drying region 70. All the upper tuyere 30 may be provided in the pyrolysis region 71. Further, the upper tuyere 30 is not limited to a three-stage configuration, and may be less than three stages or four or more stages.

  The temperature sensor T is provided on the peripheral wall of the tapered portion 24 and measures (detects) the temperature in the waste melting furnace 2. The temperature sensor T is, for example, a thermocouple. The temperature sensor T detects the temperature in the furnace at a position corresponding to the upper tuyere 30. The position corresponding to the upper tuyere 30 is, for example, in the vicinity of the upper tuyere 30 (preferably below) in the height direction. The waste melting furnace 2 may include a plurality of (two-stage) temperature sensors T in the vertical direction. As an example, the waste melting furnace 2 includes an upper temperature sensor T1 and a lower temperature sensor T2.

  The temperature sensor T1 detects the temperature in the furnace at a position corresponding to the upper three-stage tuyere 31 (for example, below the upper three-stage tuyere 31). The temperature sensor T1 may be disposed so as to be sandwiched between the upper three-stage tuyere 31 and the upper two-stage tuyere 32. In other words, the waste melting furnace 2 includes the upper two-stage tuyere 32 disposed below the upper three-stage tuyere 31 so as to sandwich the temperature sensor T1 between the upper three-stage tuyere 31. Also good. In this case, the temperature sensor T1 has a distance of 50 cm between the upper three-stage tuyere 31 and the upper two-stage tuyere 32 in the vertical direction, for example.

  The temperature sensor T2 detects the temperature in the furnace at a position corresponding to the upper two-stage tuyere 32 (for example, below the upper two-stage tuyere 32). The temperature sensor T2 may be disposed so as to be sandwiched between the upper two-stage tuyere 32 and the upper first-stage tuyere 33. In other words, the waste melting furnace 2 includes an upper first stage tuyere 33 disposed below the upper two stage tuyere 32 so as to sandwich the temperature sensor T2 between the upper two stage tuyere 32. Also good. In this case, the temperature sensor T2 has a distance of 50 cm between the upper two-stage tuyere 32 and the upper first-stage tuyere 33 in the vertical direction, for example.

  The waste melting furnace 2 may include a plurality of temperature sensors T arranged in the circumferential direction. As an example, the waste melting furnace 2 includes a plurality of temperature sensors T1 arranged in the circumferential direction and a plurality of temperature sensors T2 arranged in the circumferential direction. In this case, the temperature sensor T1 may be arranged at a position corresponding to the upper three-stage tuyere 31 (that is, in the vicinity) not only in the height direction but also in the circumferential direction. For example, the temperature sensor T1 is arranged at a position corresponding to each of the upper three-stage tuyere 31 arranged at four locations at 90 ° intervals in the circumferential direction. Further, the temperature sensor T2 may be arranged at a position (that is, in the vicinity) corresponding to the upper two-stage tuyere 32 in the circumferential direction in addition to the height direction. For example, the temperature sensor T2 is arranged at a position corresponding to each of the upper two-stage tuyere 32 arranged at four positions at intervals of 90 ° in the circumferential direction. The temperature sensors T1 and T2 do not necessarily correspond to the upper three-stage tuyere 31 and the upper two-stage tuyere 32, respectively. In the following description, it is assumed that the tuyere 31 and the upper two-stage tuyere 32 have a one-to-one correspondence and are arranged at four positions at 90 ° intervals.

  The temperature data detected (measured) by the temperature sensors T1, T2 is acquired by the controller 90 at a predetermined cycle. In addition to the temperature sensors T1 and T2, the waste melting furnace 2 may further include another temperature sensor for measuring the furnace temperature. That is, a temperature sensor may be arranged at the upper part of the gas guiding part 21, the bottom part 22 b of the melt storage part 22, or the like.

  Next, the basic operation of the waste melting furnace 2 described above will be described. First, before starting the introduction of waste, the carbon-based combustible material is introduced into the waste melting furnace 2 through the inner cylinder 25. An example of the carbon-based combustible material is coke. In order to reduce the consumption of coke derived from fossil fuels, all or part of the coke may be replaced with a carbide of biomass such as wood. The coke accumulated on the bottom 22b in the waste melting furnace 2 is ignited using a burner (not shown) or the like. As a result, a so-called coke bed 81 is formed at the bottom of the furnace.

  Next, the mixture of coke and waste is introduced into the waste melting furnace 2 through the inner cylinder 25, and the main body 20 is filled with this mixture. The kind of waste is not particularly limited, and may be either general waste or industrial waste. Shredding dust (ASR), excavated waste, incinerated ash, or the like, or a mixture of these and combustible waste can be treated. Further, carbonized waste may be input. In addition to coke, limestone or the like as a basicity adjusting agent may be added to the waste.

  In this state, oxygen-enriched air is supplied from the lower tuyere 40 into the furnace. As a preferable setting example of the blowing pressure of oxygen-enriched air, setting within a range of 5 to 25 kPa can be mentioned. A fuel gas such as LNG may be mixed with the oxygen-enriched air supplied from the lower tuyere 40 into the furnace. Further, air is supplied into the furnace from the upper three-stage tuyere 31, the upper two-stage tuyere 32, and the upper first-stage tuyere 33. As a preferable setting example of the air blowing pressure, setting to 5 to 25 kPa can be mentioned.

  On the bottom 22b side of the waste melting furnace 2, coke combustion is continued by the oxygen-enriched air supplied from the lower tuyere 40, and the high-temperature furnace gas generated by the combustion rises. In addition, waste air partially burns in the taper portion 24 by the air supplied from the upper three-stage tuyere 31, the upper two-stage tuyere 32, and the upper first-stage tuyere 33, and the inside of the high-temperature furnace generated by the partial combustion Gas rises. The waste is guided to the main body 20 and descends while facing the upward flow of the in-furnace gas. In this process, heat exchange is performed between the furnace gas and the waste, and the drying of the waste and the thermal decomposition of the waste are promoted. The gas generated by the thermal decomposition of the waste is collected in the gas guiding portion 21 and guided upward, and is discharged through the exhaust port 26. The exhausted gas is sent to the combustion chamber 6 through the exhaust duct.

  The pyrolysis residue (carbide) together with ash and incombustible material gathers along the inner surface 24a of the tapered portion 24 on the bottom 22b side of the waste melting furnace 2, and is formed on the coke bed 81 with a carbide particle layer (so-called char layer) 82. Form. The char layer 82 functions as a ventilation resistance layer and regulates the flow of oxygen-enriched air supplied from the lower tuyere 40. Thereby, local blow-by of the oxygen-enriched air supplied from the lower tuyere 40 is prevented.

  The pyrolysis residue combustible dry matter (fixed carbon) is burned together with coke. The combustion gas of the coke and combustible dry distillate has the highest temperature in the region near the upper end of the coke bed 81. In this region, ash and incombustibles melt. The melt enters the melt storage section 22 through the gap between the coke beds and is stored. The stored melt is intermittently taken out from the hot water outlet 27. The molten material taken out from the hot water outlet 27 is granulated and cooled in the granulating pit 5 and recovered as slag and metal. Thereafter, the mixture of coke and waste is replenished in the furnace, and the waste melting process is continued.

(controller)
The controller 90 acquires (a) the temperature detected by the temperature sensors T1 and T2, and (b) whether the temperature increase mode acquired in (a) satisfies a predetermined wind increase condition. And (c) increasing the air flow rate of the upper tuyere 30 when it is determined in (b) that the temperature increasing mode satisfies the wind increasing condition. Has been. In addition, the controller 90 acquires (d) the temperature detected by the temperature sensors T1 and T2 in the state where the air flow rate of the upper tuyere 30 is increased in (c), and (e) the above (d ) When it is determined whether or not the temperature decrease mode acquired in () satisfies a predetermined wind reduction condition, and (f) when it is determined in (e) above that the temperature decrease mode satisfies the wind reduction condition And returning to the state before increasing the air flow rate of the upper tuyere 30.

  Hereinafter, a specific configuration example of the controller 90 will be described. The controller 90 includes an acquisition unit 91, a determination unit 92, a threshold table 93, and an air volume adjustment unit 94 as functional modules.

  The acquisition unit 91 acquires detection values by the temperature sensors T1 and T2 as temperature data in the waste melting furnace 2. That is, the acquisition unit 91 includes four temperature sensors T1 arranged corresponding to the upper three-stage tuyere 31 and four temperature sensors T2 arranged corresponding to the upper two-stage tuyere 32. Acquire temperature data for each. The acquisition unit 91 outputs acquisition data in which the acquired temperature data is associated with information for specifying the temperature sensor T that has detected the temperature data, to the determination unit 92. The information specifying the temperature sensor T not only specifies whether the temperature sensor T1 or the temperature sensor T2, but also which temperature sensor (90 °) of the temperature sensor T1 (or temperature sensor T2). This is information for uniquely specifying which temperature sensor of the four temperature sensors arranged at intervals.

  The determination unit 92 determines whether or not the temperature data increase mode acquired by the acquisition unit 91 satisfies a predetermined wind increase condition. The determination unit 92 sets, for example, that the temperature data exceeds the first threshold as the predetermined wind increase condition. A 1st threshold value is a predetermined threshold value for determining whether shelf hanging has occurred. That is, the determination unit 92 determines that the shelf is hanging when the temperature data is higher than the first threshold value. If the determination unit 92 determines that the shelf is hung, the determination unit 92 outputs an air volume increase request including the acquired data to the air volume adjustment unit 94.

  Further, the determination unit 92 determines whether or not the descending mode of the temperature data acquired by the acquisition unit 91 satisfies a predetermined wind reduction condition. The determination unit 92 sets, for example, that the temperature data falls below the second threshold value as the predetermined wind reduction condition. A 2nd threshold value is a predetermined threshold value for determining whether shelf hanging has been eliminated. That is, the determination unit 92 determines that the shelf hanging has been eliminated when the temperature data is lower than the second threshold value. If the determination unit 92 determines that the shelf suspension has been resolved, the determination unit 92 outputs an air volume reduction request including the acquired data to the air volume adjustment unit 94.

  The processing by the determination unit 92 is performed by referring to the threshold table 93. FIG. 2 is a table showing an example of the threshold value table 93. As shown in FIG. 2, the threshold value table 93 stores a temperature sensor ID, a first threshold value, and a second threshold value in association with each temperature sensor provided in the waste melting furnace 2. The temperature sensor ID is information that uniquely identifies the temperature sensor. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the temperature sensor IDs: T1a, T1b, T1c, and T1d are the temperature sensor IDs of the four temperature sensors T1 arranged at 90 ° intervals. Moreover, temperature sensor ID: T2a, T2b, T2c, T2d is temperature sensor ID of each temperature sensor T2 arrange | positioned at 90 degree intervals.

  The first threshold value and the second threshold value can be set, for example, based on the measured value of the temperature when shelf hanging occurs. The first threshold value is set to be lower than the detected value of the temperature sensor T when the temperature sensor T is located in or near the cavity due to the shelf suspension, and the temperature when the shelf suspension is not generated It is set to exceed the detection value of the sensor T. The second threshold is set to be lower than the first threshold. In the present embodiment, an example in which it is determined whether or not a predetermined wind reduction condition is satisfied based on the second threshold will be described. For example, a temperature decrease width (that is, a temperature decrease rate) in a predetermined time is determined. When the predetermined condition is satisfied, it may be determined that the decreasing manner of the temperature data satisfies the predetermined wind reduction condition. When the temperature decrease rate is high, the second threshold value may be set higher than the first threshold value in consideration of the temperature decrease rate. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the first threshold value related to the temperature sensor IDs T1a, T1b, T1c, and T1d is 500 ° C., and the first threshold value related to the temperature sensor IDs T2a, T2b, T2c, and T2d is set to 500 ° C. ing. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the second threshold value related to the temperature sensor IDs: T1a, T1b, T1c, T1d is 400 ° C., and the second threshold value related to the temperature sensor IDs: T2a, T2b, T2c, T2d is 400 ° C. It is said that.

  The air volume adjusting unit 94 increases the air flow rate of the upper tuyere 30 corresponding to the temperature sensor T when the determining unit 92 determines that the shelf is suspended. Specifically, when receiving the air volume increase request from the determination unit 92, the air volume adjusting unit 94 specifies the temperature sensor T included in the air volume increase request. Then, the air volume adjusting unit 94 increases the air volume of the upper tuyere 30 corresponding to the identified temperature sensor T.

  Further, when the determination unit 92 determines that the shelf suspension has been eliminated, the air volume adjustment unit 94 decreases the air flow rate of the upper tuyere 30 corresponding to the temperature sensor T, and the state before the increase (normally Return to operation. In this case, the air volume adjusting unit 94 resumes the air blowing from the upper tuyere 30 that has stopped the air blowing with the increase in the air blowing volume.

  The air flow rate adjusting unit 94 adjusts the air flow rate by inputting control signals to the valves 31a, 32a, 33a and the blower 42. That is, the air volume adjusting unit 94 increases the air flow rate of the valve by increasing the opening degree of the valve, and decreases the air flow rate of the valve by decreasing the valve opening degree, in response to the input of the control signal. Further, the air volume adjusting unit 94 increases the total air volume of each valve by increasing the air volume of the blower 42 by the input of the control signal. In other words, the air volume adjusting unit 94 not only increases the air flow rate of the upper tuyere 30 and decreases the air flow rate of the other upper tuyere 30 by adjusting the valves 31a, 32a, 33a, but also the air flow rate of the blower 42. May be increased to increase the total amount of air blown from all the upper tuyere 30 (total amount of air blown).

  As illustrated in FIG. 3, the controller 90 includes a circuit 100 having one or more processors 103, a memory 104, a storage 105, an input / output port 106, and an input unit 107. The input / output port 106 acquires detection values from the temperature sensors T1 and T2 and outputs control signals to the valves 31a, 32a, 33a, and 40a and the blower 42. The input unit 107 is connected to the input / output port 106 and receives input from the operator. The input unit 107 includes, for example, an operation switch, a keyboard, a mouse, or a touch panel. The input unit 107 may be connected to the input / output port 106 via a network line, for example.

  The storage 105 records a program for executing the waste disposal method. The storage 105 may be anything that can be read by a computer. Specific examples include a hard disk, a nonvolatile semiconductor memory, a magnetic disk, and an optical disk. The memory 104 temporarily stores the program loaded from the storage 105, the calculation result of the processor 103, and the like. The processor 103 executes the program in cooperation with the memory 104 to configure each functional module described above.

  Note that the hardware configuration of the controller 90 is not necessarily limited to the configuration of each functional module by a program. For example, each functional module of the controller 90 may be configured by a dedicated logic circuit or an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) in which the functional modules are integrated.

[Waste treatment method]
Next, an example of the waste treatment method, more specifically, an example of the air flow rate adjustment procedure executed in the waste melting furnace 2 will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the controller 90 first executes step S01. In step S01, the controller 90 determines whether shelf hanging has occurred. In step S01, the acquisition unit 91 first acquires the temperatures detected by the temperature sensors T1 and T2 as temperature data in the waste melting furnace 2. That is, the acquisition unit 91 includes four temperature sensors T1 arranged corresponding to the upper three-stage tuyere 31 and four temperature sensors T2 arranged corresponding to the upper two-stage tuyere 32. Acquire temperature data for each. The acquisition unit 91 outputs acquired data in which the acquired temperature data is associated with information for specifying the temperature sensor that has detected the temperature data, to the determination unit 92.

  And the determination part 92 determines whether the rising aspect of the acquired temperature data satisfy | fills the predetermined wind increase conditions based on the said acquisition data. When the acquired temperature data exceeds the first threshold value, the determination unit 92 determines that the wind increase condition is satisfied and the shelf is suspended. The determination unit 92 acquires the first threshold value of the temperature sensor T in the threshold value table 93 and determines whether the temperature data included in the acquired data is higher than the first threshold value. When the temperature data is higher than the first threshold value, the determination unit 92 determines that the shelf is suspended above the specified temperature sensor T, and determines the air volume increase request including the acquired data as the air volume adjustment unit 94. Output to.

  Here, the waste melting furnace 2 before and after the occurrence of shelf hanging will be described. In the stage before shelves are generated, as shown in FIG. 5, the garbage is filled over substantially the entire area of the furnace, and the waste is unloaded downward. Further, air is blown from all the upper tuyere 30 with a predetermined amount of air flow for normal operation. In FIG. 5 and FIGS. 6 to 8 described later, the air blown from the upper tuyere 30 is indicated by arrows.

  On the other hand, when shelves occur, as shown in FIG. 6, the unloading of the waste stagnates above the shelves, whereas the waste processing proceeds below the shelves. A cavity CA in which there is no waste to be processed is generated below the shelf hanging portion. In the example shown in FIG. 6, shelves are generated all around the place where the upper three-stage tuyere 31 is arranged, and the upper three-stage tuyere 31 is arranged below the upper three-stage tuyere 31. The location of the temperature sensor T1 is a cavity CA. Since the hot gas passes through the cavity CA without any waste, the temperature becomes high. For this reason, the temperature detected in temperature sensor T1 becomes high. In this case, the temperature data of the temperature sensor T1 included in the acquired data is higher than the first threshold value.

  For example, when the temperature data of any one of the plurality of temperature sensors T1 arranged at intervals of 90 ° in the circumferential direction is higher than the first threshold, the determination unit 92 is located above the temperature sensor T1. In other words, it is determined that the shelf is hung at the place where the upper three-tier tuyere 31 is arranged. For example, when the temperature data of at least two temperature sensors T1 out of the plurality of temperature sensors T1 arranged in the circumferential direction at intervals of 90 ° are higher than the first threshold, the determination unit 92 sets the temperature sensor T1. When it is determined that the shelf hangs upward and only temperature data of less than two temperature sensors T1 among the plurality of temperature sensors T1 arranged in the circumferential direction is higher than the first threshold value, the temperature sensor T1 It may be determined that shelves are not hung above.

  When it is determined in step S01 that the shelf is hung, the controller 90 executes step S02. In step S02, the air volume adjusting unit 94 increases the air volume of the upper tuyere 30 corresponding to the temperature sensor T in which the temperature is detected. That is, the air volume adjusting unit 94 specifies the temperature sensor T from the air volume increase request, and refers to the threshold table 93 to increase the air volume of the upper tuyere 30 corresponding to the specified temperature sensor T. For example, when the air volume adjusting unit 94 specifies the temperature sensor T1 indicated by the temperature sensor ID: T1a, the air volume adjusting unit 94 increases the total air volume of the one upper three-stage tuyere 31 corresponding to the temperature sensor T1.

  In addition to increasing the air flow rate of the upper tuyere 30 to which the specified temperature sensor T corresponds, the air volume adjusting unit 94 and another temperature sensor T arranged side by side in the circumferential direction in addition to the specified temperature sensor T. Increase the air flow rate of all upper tuyere 30 corresponding to. That is, for example, when the temperature sensor T1 indicated by the temperature sensor ID: T1a is specified as the temperature sensor, the air volume adjustment unit 94 not only the one upper three-stage tuyere 31 corresponding to the temperature sensor T1 but also the circumferential direction. All the air flow rates of the other upper three-stage tuyere 31 corresponding to the temperature sensors T1 indicated by the temperature sensor IDs T1b, T1c, and T1d arranged side by side are increased.

  Furthermore, the air volume adjusting unit 94 may decrease the air flow rate of the upper tuyere 30 other than the upper tuyere 30 that has increased the air flow rate. For example, when the air flow rate adjusting unit 94 specifies the temperature sensor T1 indicated by the temperature sensor ID: T1a, all the air flow rates of the four upper three-stage tuyere 31 corresponding to the four temperature sensors T1 arranged in the circumferential direction are all included. While increasing, you may reduce the ventilation volume of the upper 2 stage tuyere 32 and the upper 1 stage tuyere 33 which are upper stage tuyere 30 other than the upper 3 stage tuyere 31. Decreasing the amount of blowing means, for example, stopping blowing.

  As shown in FIG. 6, in the case where shelf suspending occurs around the entire circumference at the place where the upper three-stage tuyere 31 is arranged, for example, it is detected by the temperature sensor T1 indicated by the temperature sensor ID: T1a. Temperature becomes higher than the first threshold. In this case, as shown in FIG. 7, the air volume adjusting unit 94 is arranged not only in the upper three-stage tuyere 31 to which the temperature sensor T1 corresponds, but also in the circumferential direction, and the temperature sensor ID: T1b , T1c, T1d, the upper two-stage tuyere which is the upper tuyere 30 other than the upper three-stage tuyere 31 and increases the air flow rate of the other upper three-stage tuyere 31 corresponding to each temperature sensor T1. 32 and the upper first stage tuyere 33 are stopped.

  Although the air volume adjusting unit 94 has been described as increasing the air volume of all the upper tuyere 30 corresponding to the specified temperature sensor T and other temperature sensors T arranged side by side in the circumferential direction, the air volume adjusting unit 94 is not limited to this. Instead, only the air flow rate of the upper tuyere 30 corresponding to the identified temperature sensor T may be increased. In other words, for example, when the temperature sensor T1 indicated by the temperature sensor ID: T1a is specified as the temperature sensor T, the air volume adjustment unit 94 increases the air flow rate only for one upper three-stage tuyere 31 corresponding to the temperature sensor T1. You may let them.

  As shown in FIG. 8, when the shelf hanging is generated only at a part in the circumferential direction at the position where the upper three-stage tuyere 31 is arranged, the shelf hanging is included in the temperature sensor T1. A temperature higher than the first threshold value is detected only at the temperature sensor T1 below the upper three-stage tuyere 31 where it occurs. The air volume adjusting unit 94 can perform necessary and sufficient processing for shelf hanging by increasing only the air flow rate of one upper three-stage tuyere 31 corresponding to the identified temperature sensor T1.

  Next, the controller 90 executes step S03. In step S03, the controller 90 determines whether the shelf hanging has been eliminated. In step S03, the acquisition unit 91 first acquires the temperatures detected by the temperature sensors T1 and T2 as temperature data in the waste melting furnace 2. The acquisition unit 91 outputs acquired data in which the acquired temperature data is associated with information for specifying the temperature sensor that has detected the temperature data, to the determination unit 92.

  And the determination part 92 determines whether the fall aspect of temperature data satisfy | fills the predetermined wind reduction conditions based on the said acquisition data. When the acquired temperature data is below the second threshold value, the determination unit 92 determines that the wind reduction condition is satisfied and the shelf hanging has been eliminated. More specifically, the determination unit 92 determines that the shelf suspension has been eliminated when the temperature data of the temperature sensor T corresponding to the shelf suspension portion is below the second threshold among the temperature data. The determination unit 92 acquires the second threshold value of the temperature sensor T in the threshold value table 93 and determines whether the temperature data included in the acquired data is lower than the second threshold value. When the temperature data is lower than the second threshold value, the determination unit 92 determines that the shelf hanging above the identified temperature sensor T has been eliminated, and determines the air volume reduction request including the acquired data as the air volume adjustment unit 94. Output to. Note that the determination unit 92 repeats the process of step S03 until the temperature data becomes lower than the second threshold value.

  If it is determined in step S03 that the shelf suspension has been eliminated, the controller 90 executes step S04. In step S04, the air volume adjusting unit 94 returns the air volume of the upper tuyere 30 that has increased the air volume in step S02 to the state before the increase (normal operation). Moreover, the air volume adjusting unit 94 returns the air volume of the upper tuyere 30 that has decreased the air volume when the air volume is increased to the state before the decrease (normal operation).

  When it is determined in step S01 that no shelf hanging has occurred and when the process of step S04 is completed, the controller 90 confirms whether a stop command is input by the operator (step S05). If no stop command is input, the controller 90 returns the process to step S01. Thereby, the ventilation volume adjustment for the shelf hanging cancellation in the waste melting furnace 2 is continuously performed.

[Effect of this embodiment]
As described above, the waste disposal method for the waste melting furnace 2 according to this embodiment includes the main body 20, the upper three-stage tuyere 31 for blowing air into the main body 20, and the upper three-stage tuyere. A waste disposal method for the waste melting furnace 2 comprising: a temperature sensor T1 disposed at a position corresponding to 31; (a) acquiring a temperature detected by the temperature sensor T1, and (b) It is determined whether or not the acquired temperature increase mode satisfies a predetermined wind increase condition, and (c) when it is determined that the temperature increase mode satisfies the wind increase condition, the upper three-stage tuyere And increasing the air flow rate of 31. More specifically, in (b) above, the above-described wind increase condition is that the temperature acquired in (a) is higher than the first threshold value.

  According to the waste disposal method of the waste melting furnace 2 according to the present embodiment, when the temperature at the position corresponding to the upper three-stage tuyere 31 (temperature detected by the temperature sensor T1) is higher than the first threshold value, The amount of air blown from the upper three-stage tuyere 31 is increased. When the shelf hanging of waste occurs, the unloading of the waste stagnate above the portion where the shelf hanging occurs. On the other hand, the processing of the waste proceeds as usual below the portion where the shelf is hung. For this reason, an area (cavity) where there is no waste to be processed is generated as the waste processing progresses below the shelf hanging portion. Since hot gas passes through the cavity in the absence of waste, the temperature of the cavity and the surrounding area rises. Thus, the occurrence of shelf hanging and the temperature rise have a correlation. In this regard, in the waste disposal method of the waste melting furnace 2 according to this embodiment, when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor T1 is higher than the first threshold, the upper three-stage tuyere associated with the temperature sensor T1 The air flow rate of 31 is increased. As a result, it is possible to increase the amount of air blown from the tuyere of the shelf hanging portion assumed to be generated around the location where the temperature is rising, and to promote drying and combustion at the shelf hanging portion. Thereby, the shelf hanging of waste can be eliminated at an early stage.

  Moreover, in the waste disposal method of the waste melting furnace 2 according to the present embodiment, the upper three-stage tuyere 31 so that the waste melting furnace 2 sandwiches the temperature sensor T1 between the upper three-stage tuyere 31. And the upper two-stage tuyere 32 disposed below the upper three-stage tuyere disposed above the temperature sensor T1 in the above (c) when the determined temperature is higher than the first threshold value. While increasing the air flow rate of the mouth 31, the air flow rate of the upper two-stage tuyere 32 disposed below the temperature sensor T1 is decreased.

  The temperature rises remarkably in the cavity below the shelves. Therefore, when the temperature in the temperature sensor T1 has risen remarkably, the region of the temperature sensor T1 is a cavity, and there is a high possibility that the temperature sensor T1 is above the shelf. From this, when the temperature of the temperature sensor T1 is higher than the first threshold value, by increasing the air flow rate of the upper three-stage tuyere 31 that is above the temperature sensor T1, It is possible to appropriately increase the assumed air volume of the tuyere. Here, when the waste processing proceeds as usual under the shelf hanging portion, the cavity gradually increases. When the cavities become larger, when the shelves are subsequently lifted, the waste above the shelves will fall rapidly to the vicinity of the hearth, and waste disposal may not be performed properly. . Moreover, there is a risk that the refractory material forming the waste melting furnace 2 may be damaged by the wastes at the shelves hanging down to the hearth at once (in large quantities). In this regard, by reducing the amount of air blown from the upper two-stage tuyere 32, which is the tuyere below the temperature sensor T1 disposed in the hollow region (specifically, stopping the air blowing), the shelf It is possible to suppress waste disposal under the hanging portion, and as a result, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of the problem after the above-described shelf suspension is eliminated.

  Moreover, in the waste disposal method of the waste melting furnace 2 according to the present embodiment, the waste melting furnace 2 includes a plurality (four) of temperature sensors T1 arranged in the circumferential direction, and in the above (c), at least 2 When the temperature detected by the two temperature sensors T1 is higher than the first threshold, the air flow rate of the upper three-stage tuyere 31 corresponding to the temperature sensor T1 may be increased. Accordingly, the shelf suspension is determined based on the detection of the temperature rise in each of the plurality of temperature sensors T1 provided at different positions in the circumferential direction, so that the shelf suspension can be specified with higher accuracy. In addition, the shelf hanging is determined based on the fact that the temperature at different positions in the circumferential direction has risen, so that there is more influence from the stagnation of unloading waste, such as the formation of cavities over a wide range in the circumferential direction. When it is assumed that it is large, the amount of air blown from the upper three-stage tuyere 31 can be increased appropriately.

  Moreover, in the waste disposal method of the waste melting furnace 2 according to this embodiment, the waste melting furnace 2 includes a plurality (four) of the upper three-stage tuyere 31 and a plurality of upper three-stage feathers arranged in the circumferential direction. A plurality of (four) temperature sensors T1 arranged in the circumferential direction so as to correspond to each of the mouths 31, and in (c) above, the upper 3 corresponding to the temperature sensor T1 whose temperature is assumed to be higher than the first threshold value. Only the stage tuyere 31 may increase the air flow rate. As a result, the air flow rate can be increased only in the upper three-stage tuyere 31 where it is assumed that shelves are generated in the circumferential direction, and necessary and sufficient processing is performed according to the locations where shelves are generated. It can be carried out. Further, for example, in the case of stopping the blowing of the upper three-stage tuyere 31 other than the upper three-stage tuyere 31 that increases the air flow rate, only a part of the upper three-stage tuyere 31 in the circumferential direction is concentrated. Thus, it is possible to more effectively increase the amount of air blown to the place where the shelf is suspended.

  Moreover, in the waste disposal method of the waste melting furnace 2 according to the present embodiment, in the above (c), the air flow rate of the upper three-stage tuyere 31, the upper two-stage tuyere 32, and the upper first-stage tuyere 33 is changed. In order to increase the total, the air volume of the upper three-stage tuyere 31 is increased, and the air volume of the upper two-stage tuyere 32 and the upper first-stage tuyere 33 is decreased. As a result, when shelves are generated, the total amount of air blown from all the upper tuyere 30 is increased, so that the drying and combustion of waste at the shelves can be more effectively promoted and discarded. It is possible to eliminate the shelves of objects earlier.

  Moreover, the waste disposal method of the waste melting furnace 2 according to the present embodiment is detected by the temperature sensor T1 in the state in which (d) the amount of air blown from the upper three-stage tuyere 31 is increased in (d) above. Acquiring the temperature; (e) determining whether the acquired temperature is lower than the second threshold; and (f) if the determined temperature is lower than the second threshold, Returning to the state before increasing the air flow rate of the mouth 31 is further included. Thereby, cancellation | release of shelf suspension can be judged according to temperature, and it can return to normal operation at the appropriate timing assumed that shelf suspension was eliminated.

  Although the embodiment has been described above, the present invention is not necessarily limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, in the waste melting furnace 2, the temperature sensor T1 has been described as being disposed below the upper three-stage tuyere 31 (first tuyere), but the present invention is not limited thereto. If it is a corresponding position, it may be arranged in the circumferential direction with the upper three-stage tuyere 31 or above the upper three-stage tuyere 31. Note that the position corresponding to the upper three-stage tuyere 31 may be a position where the temperature rises when shelf hanging occurs in the vicinity of the upper three-stage tuyere 31. Further, the number of the upper three-stage tuyere 31 and the temperature sensor T1 may not correspond one-to-one as described above.

  Specifically, for example, the number of upper three-stage tuyere 31 arranged in the circumferential direction may be two, four, six, or eight, and the number of corresponding temperature sensors T1 may be four. Further, for example, the upper three-stage tuyere 31 and the temperature sensor T1 are arranged at regular intervals (every 90 °) in the circumferential direction, and the upper three-stage tuyere 31 and the temperature sensor T1 are shifted from each other in the circumferential direction. Thus, the upper three-stage tuyere 31 and the temperature sensor T1 may be provided so that the two upper-stage tuyere 31 are sandwiched by the two temperature sensors T1 when viewed in plan. Further, for example, the upper three-stage tuyere 31 is arranged at positions of 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, and 270 ° in the circumferential direction, and the temperature sensor T1 is positioned at 45 ° and 225 ° in the circumferential direction (diagonal to each other). The temperature sensor T1 arranged at 45 ° is associated with the upper three-stage tuyere 31 at 0 ° and 90 °, and the temperature sensor T1 arranged at 225 ° is You may make it respond | correspond to the upper 3 step tuyere 31 of the position of 180 degrees and 270 degrees.

  Further, for example, a plurality of upper three-stage tuyere 31 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, only one temperature sensor T1 is provided, and one temperature sensor T1 is associated with all the upper three-stage tuyere 31. Also good. Further, for example, a plurality of upper three-stage tuyere 31 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, while a plurality of corresponding temperature sensors T1 are arranged in the vicinity of any one of the upper three-stage tuyere 31. They do not have to be arranged at regular intervals. On the contrary, the plurality of upper three-stage tuyere 31 may not be arranged at equal intervals, and a plurality of corresponding temperature sensors T1 may be arranged at equal intervals. In addition, you may provide the upper 2 stage tuyere 32 and the temperature sensor T2 similarly to the correspondence of the upper 3 stage tuyere 31 and temperature sensor T1 mentioned above.

  In addition, the air volume adjustment unit 94 has been described as increasing the air flow rate of the upper three-stage tuyere 31 when the acquired temperature is higher than the first threshold value, but for example, the acquired temperature and the first threshold value The amount of air to be increased may be determined according to the difference. That is, the air volume adjusting unit 94 may increase the amount of air to be increased as the difference between the acquired temperature and the first threshold value is larger.

  In addition, it has been described that when the acquired temperature is higher than the first threshold, it is determined that the temperature increase mode satisfies the predetermined wind increase condition. However, the temperature increase mode satisfies the predetermined wind increase condition. The case where the temperature is present is not limited to the case where the temperature is higher than the first threshold value. That is, the determination unit 92 determines that the temperature data increase mode satisfies a predetermined wind increase condition when, for example, the temperature increase width in a predetermined time (that is, the temperature increase rate) satisfies a predetermined condition. May be.

[Example 1]
In the waste treatment apparatus 1, when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor T <b> 1 exceeds the first threshold value (when it is assumed that shelf hanging has occurred), concentrated air blowing to the upper three-stage tuyere 31 was performed. . That is, in the normal operation, the air volume above 3-stage tuyere 31 200 Nm ³ / h, air volume of the upper two-stage tuyere 32 to 200 Nm ³ / h, the air volume of the upper-stage tuyere 33 100 Nm ³ / h, the total air flow rate of these tuyere is 500 Nm ³ / h, while the upper three-stage tuyere during concentrated air blowing when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor T1 exceeds the first threshold value The blowing amount of 31 was set to 800 Nm ³ / h at the maximum, the blowing of the upper two-stage tuyere 32 and the upper first-stage tuyere 33 was stopped, and the total blowing amount was set to 800 Nm ³ / h. Such shelf hanging detection and concentrated air blowing are performed 544 times, and each time until the shelf hanging is eliminated (that is, the temperature detected by the temperature sensor T1 after starting the concentrated air blowing is below the second threshold value). Time). From the record, the rate at which shelves were eliminated within 10 minutes, the rate at which shelves were eliminated within 10 to 30 minutes, and the rate at which shelves were not eliminated after 30 minutes (ratio without effect) were derived.

[Example 2]
In another waste treatment apparatus 1 having the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor T1 exceeds the first threshold value (when it is assumed that the shelf is suspended), Concentrated air blowing to the three-stage tuyere 31 was performed. About the conditions of the ventilation volume at the time of normal operation and concentrated ventilation, it was the same as that of Example 1. Shelf suspension detection and concentrated air blowing were performed 833 times, and the time until shelve suspension was eliminated was recorded as in Example 1.

[Comparative example]
In another waste disposal apparatus having the same configuration as in Example 1, normal operation similar to that in Example 1 was performed. That, 200 Nm ³ / h of air volume above 3-stage tuyeres 31, 200 Nm ³ / h of air volume of the upper two-stage tuyere 32, the air volume of the upper-stage tuyere 33 as 100 Nm ³ / h, these The total air volume of the tuyere was 500 Nm ³ / h. Unlike Example 1 and Example 2, in the comparative example, the concentrated air blowing to the upper three-stage tuyere 31 was not performed even when the shelf was suspended. When the temperature detected by the temperature sensor T1 exceeds the first threshold value (when it is assumed that the shelf hanging has occurred), the time until the shelf hanging is canceled is recorded as in Example 1.

[Comparison results of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example]
FIG. 9 is a table showing the results of Example 1, Example 2, and Comparative Example. As shown in FIG. 9, in the comparative example that does not perform concentrated ventilation, the rate that is resolved within 10 minutes when the shelf is suspended is 0%, the rate that is resolved within 10 to 30 minutes is 25%, and within 30 minutes The ratio that was eliminated by 25% was 25% (the ratio of no effect was 75%). On the other hand, in Example 1, by performing concentrated air blowing, the proportion that is resolved within 10 minutes when shelves occur is 35%, the proportion that is resolved within 10 to 30 minutes is 29%, and within 30 minutes The rate of elimination was 64% (36% without effect). Moreover, in Example 2, by performing concentrated ventilation, the ratio that is resolved within 10 minutes when shelves occur is 22%, and the ratio that is resolved within 10 to 30 minutes is 28%, which is resolved within 30 minutes. The ratio was 51% (49% without effect).

  As shown in FIG. 9, Example 1 and Example 2 in which concentrated air blowing to the upper three-stage tuyere 31 based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor T <b> 1 are compared with the comparative example in which the concentrated air blowing is not performed. So, we were able to eliminate the shelf hanging at an early stage. From the above results, according to the above embodiment, it was confirmed that the shelves of waste can be eliminated at an early stage.

[Example 3]
In Example 3, concentrated air blowing was performed based on the temperature of the temperature sensor T1 in the same manner as in Example 1 and Example 2 described above, and the relationship between the air flow rate and the temperature change was recorded in time series. That is, concentrated air blow to the upper three-stage tuyere 31 is started at the timing when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor T1 exceeds the first threshold (wind increase start timing US), and the temperature detected by the temperature sensor T1 is Concentrated air blowing to the upper three-stage tuyere 31 was terminated at a timing below the two thresholds (wind increase end timing UE) and returned to normal operation. In consideration of the temperature decrease speed, the second threshold value is set higher than the first threshold value. That is, when the temperature was lower than the second threshold, it was determined that the temperature decrease mode satisfied the wind reduction condition, and the normal operation was restored. The conditions of the air flow rate of each upper tuyere 30 at the time of concentrated air blowing and normal operation were the same as in Example 1. And the temperature change of temperature sensor T1, T2 was recorded in a series of flows including the wind increase start timing US and the wind increase end timing UE. More specifically, the temperature changes of two temperature sensors T11 and T12 among a plurality of temperature sensors T1 arranged in the circumferential direction and two temperature sensors T21 and T22 among a plurality of temperature sensors T2 arranged in the circumferential direction were recorded. The temperature sensor T11 and the temperature sensor T21 have substantially the same position in the circumferential direction, and the temperature sensor T12 and the temperature sensor T22 have substantially the same position in the circumferential direction.

[Results of Example 3]
FIG. 10 is a graph showing the results of Example 3. In FIG. 10, the horizontal axis indicates time (minutes), the left vertical axis indicates temperature (° C.), and the right vertical axis indicates air flow rate (Nm ³ / h). Also, the solid line in the graph indicates the air flow rate of the upper three-stage tuyere 31, the broken line indicates the temperature of the temperature sensor T11, the dotted line indicates the temperature of the temperature sensor T12, the alternate long and short dash line indicates the temperature of the temperature sensor T21, and the alternate long and two short dashes line indicates The temperature of temperature sensor T22 is shown, respectively.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the temperatures of the temperature sensor T11 and the temperature sensor T21 gradually increased with the passage of time after the start. Then, at the timing when the temperature of the temperature sensor T11 exceeded the first threshold (wind increase start timing US), it was determined that the shelf was suspended, and concentrated air blowing to the upper three-stage tuyere 31 was started. In addition, since the temperature of temperature sensor T11, T21 is rising, shelves are generated above temperature sensor T11, and the arrangement locations of temperature sensors T11, T21 are both hollow (or hollow It was assumed that it was in the vicinity. Moreover, about temperature sensor T12, T22, since the temperature rise has not been confirmed by the wind increase start timing US, it is assumed that the shelf hanging occurred only in a part in the circumferential direction. Although the temperature of the temperature sensors T11 and T21 continued to rise for a while after the wind increase start timing US, the temperature of the temperature sensors T11 and T21 began to gradually decrease from about 20 minutes after the start of the wind increase. Then, at the timing when the temperature of the temperature sensor T11 falls below the second threshold (wind increase end timing UE), it is determined that the shelf hanging has been resolved, and the concentrated air blowing to the upper three-stage tuyere 31 is terminated and normal operation is started. Returned. Even after the wind increase end timing UE, the temperature of the temperature sensors T11 and T21 continued to decrease because the shelf hanging has been eliminated. Thus, it was confirmed from the temperature change (temperature decrease) of the temperature sensors T11 and T21 that the shelf suspension is eliminated by performing concentrated air blowing when it is assumed that the shelf suspension has occurred. Further, it was confirmed that the shelf suspension elimination process from the detection of the occurrence of shelf suspension to the start of wind increase until the shelf suspension is canceled and the wind increase is completed can be completed in about 20 minutes.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Waste processing apparatus, 2 ... Waste melting furnace, 31 ... Upper 3 stage tuyere, 32 ... Upper 2 stage tuyere, 90 ... Controller, T1 ... Temperature sensor.

Claims (8)

Using a waste melting furnace comprising a main body part, a first tuyere for blowing air into the main body part, and a temperature sensor arranged at a position corresponding to the first tuyere,
(A) obtaining a temperature detected by the temperature sensor;
(B) determining whether the temperature increase mode acquired in (a) satisfies a predetermined wind increase condition;
(C) A waste treatment method including: increasing the air flow rate of the first tuyere when it is determined in (b) that the temperature increase mode satisfies the wind increase condition.   The waste treatment method according to claim 1, wherein in (b), the wind increase condition is that the temperature acquired in (a) exceeds a first threshold. The waste melting furnace further includes a second tuyere disposed below the first tuyere so as to sandwich the temperature sensor between the first tuyere and the first tuyere
In (c), when it is determined in (b) that the temperature increase mode satisfies the wind increase condition, the air flow rate of the first tuyere is increased and the second tuyere is The waste disposal method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the amount of blown air is reduced. The waste melting furnace includes a plurality of the temperature sensors arranged in a circumferential direction,
In (c), when it is determined in (b) that the temperature increase detected by the at least two temperature sensors satisfies the wind increase condition, the air flow rate of the first tuyere The waste disposal method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein The waste melting furnace includes a plurality of first tuyere arranged in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of temperature sensors arranged in the circumferential direction so as to correspond to the plurality of first tuyere, respectively.
The waste according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, in (c), only the first tuyere corresponding to the temperature sensor that has detected the rising mode that satisfies the wind-increasing condition increases the air flow rate. Processing method.   In said (c), while increasing the ventilation volume of the said 1st tuyere so that the sum total of the ventilation volume of the said 1st tuyere and the said 2nd tuyere increases, the ventilation volume of the said 2nd tuyere is changed. The waste disposal method according to claim 3, wherein the waste disposal method is reduced. (D) acquiring the temperature detected by the temperature sensor in the state where the air flow rate of the first tuyere is increased in (c);
(E) determining whether or not the temperature decrease mode acquired in (d) satisfies a predetermined wind reduction condition;
(F) When it is determined in (e) that the temperature lowering mode satisfies the wind-reducing condition, the method further includes returning to the state before increasing the air flow rate of the first tuyere. The waste disposal method according to any one of claims 1 to 6. A waste melting furnace having a first tuyere and a temperature sensor disposed at a position corresponding to the first tuyere,
Acquiring the temperature detected by the temperature sensor, determining whether or not the temperature increase mode satisfies a predetermined wind increase condition, and if the temperature increases, the air flow rate of the first tuyere And a controller configured to perform the waste disposal apparatus.

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