JP2017114268A - Floating facility construction method and floating structure for floating facility - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a floating facility construction method and a floating structure for a floating facility which, in constructing the floating facility, enable a topside module to be loaded and arranged without suspending the same and allow the same to be huge in size.SOLUTION: In a floating facility construction method, a topside module 21 is constructed through entire or partial modularization of a topside of a floating facility 1. A carrying barge with the topside module 21 loaded thereon is transferred into an interior space A, of the floating structure 10, having a concave shape with an upper side thereof open while the floating structure 10 of the floating facility 1 is afloat. By changing a draft of either or both of the carrying barge and the floating structure 10, the topside module 21 on board the carrying barge is transferred into the interior space A of the floating structure 10 or onto a loading section 15 on a ship side shell section 12. Then, the carrying barge is moved out of the interior space A of the floating structure.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a construction method of a floating body facility called FPSO, FLNG, and the like, and a floating body structure of the floating body facility, and more specifically, when a top side module is placed and disposed on a floating body structure of a floating body facility. The present invention relates to a method for constructing a floating facility that can mount and dispose the top side module on a floating structure in a floating state without lifting the top side module, and a floating structure for a floating facility. .

  Floating body called FPSO (Floating Production, Storage, Offloading), which is used as a facility for producing, storing and shipping crude oil and other marine resources from offshore oil fields etc. Forty years have passed since the production and storage facility was invented. In the meantime, nearly 200 units have been built for crude oil production, and one quarter of crude oil demand is being covered.

  The basic structure and construction method of this FPSO is almost completed while several tens of units in the early 10 to 15 years are built, and has hardly changed during the next 25 years. In other words, the crude oil tanker having a rectangular cross section, a high freeboard and a substantially horizontal deck surface is slightly modified to complete a floating structure as a base hull having a crude oil storage function and a residential area function. Next, the crude oil processing facility called the top side is constructed by dividing it into several modules, and the top side module is installed on the deck of the floating structure using a crane ship, or the floating structure. Work to install mooring equipment for mooring. These constructions are often carried out at shipyards in Southeast Asia and East Asia. After that, the style of using a tanker propulsion device or using a tugboat to tow the FPSO to the installation site and connecting it to a mooring line pre-laid there has been almost consistently penetrated. ing.

  Since the production activity at this FPSO installation site is many years, the mooring equipment mooring this FPSO has been designed and built to withstand the sea conditions of the scale encountered once every 100 years. This mooring facility has not changed substantially over the past 25 years, and a multipoint mooring system is used in which FPSOs are moored in four directions. In other words, depending on the severity of sea conditions, a spread mooring method in which the entire floating structure is moored and held directly by several mooring lines coming out from multiple locations of the floating structure (hull), multi-point mooring A turret mooring system that swivels (weather vanes) like a weathercock around the chain table, a disconnectable turret system that allows the FPSO itself to be detached from the turret-type multi-point mooring buoy, etc. is used. .

  On the other hand, over the last 25 years, FPSO has increased in size, sophistication, and cost, centering on the top side. For example, the average structure of FPSO 25 years ago was a floating tank structure based on a crude oil tanker with a total length of about 260m, the number of topside modules was about 2, and the total weight was less than 1,000 tons. Cost was 10 billion yen or less. On the other hand, in the FPSO constructed recently, the top side part is remarkably enlarged and the number of top side modules is 20 while the floating structure is based on a crude oil tanker with a total length of 330 m. The total weight has reached tens of thousands of tons, and the total cost has reached several hundred billion yen.

  Furthermore, the FPSO system is being applied not only to crude oil but also to the production of natural gas (in this case, it is called “FLNG” instead of “FPSO”). In this case, the total weight and total weight of the top side Costs are expected to double. For this reason, the installation work on the top side requires a large amount of cost and time, and procurement of construction funds during construction before the start of crude oil production is a heavy burden including interest rates.

  On the other hand, since the total center of gravity of the FPSO and FLNG is pushed up due to the increase in the total weight of the top side, it becomes difficult to secure the minimum restoring force necessary for the floating structure. Yes.

  Furthermore, as the importance of the top side, cost ratio, and overall cost increase compared to the base tanker that will be the floating structure of the FPSO, maintenance on the floating structure side such as storage facilities will increase. For this reason, when production activities are interrupted, the impact on the entire business is remarkably large, and the occurrence of these situations is a serious problem.

  For example, in a ballast tank provided in a floating structure, corrosion proceeds by being exposed to air for a long time after injecting seawater ballast, and in a crude oil storage tank also provided in a floating structure, Impurities and seawater remaining in crude oil are gradually separated during storage and accumulated at the bottom of the tank, corroded by the propagation of seawater and microorganisms, and oxygen concentration in the space above the oil level is reduced to prevent explosions. Boiler combustion exhaust gas (inert gas: inert gas) is introduced, but it is corroded by sulfur in the combustion exhaust gas.

  In order to respond to this phenomenon such as corrosion, it is necessary to stop using the corresponding tank, ventilate over a period of days, and perform maintenance, but the situation that interrupts this production activity is a business by production activity As a result, the situation has become unacceptable. Also, because many flammable products are handled within a limited range of floating structures, the possible fire scale will increase, but the number of passengers that was initially around 20 will now exceed 100. Once a fire breaks out, there is also the potential for danger to a large number of passengers.

  As described above, at present, the situation regarding the floating facilities such as FPSO is the technology for simplifying the mounting work of the top side module to the floating structure and shortening the mounting work period, the mounting work of the top side module, There is a demand for innovation in each technology, such as a technology for constructing and remodeling a floating structure that is a base floating body with storage facilities. In addition, maintenance-free functions are required for the functions of the floating structure centering on storage facilities. In the technology for solving these problems, it is required to lower the overall center of gravity and increase the restoring force, and to improve the safety of passengers in the event of a fire.

  And in this situation, considering the construction method of FPSO, the number of top side modules is currently close to 20 as described above, and each of them is built on land, and each includes piping, wiring, etc. This work is done on land as much as possible. This topside module is a module with a weight of around 2,000 to 10,000 tons (2,000 to 10,000 tons), but the crane is, for example, up to 1,500 tons in Singapore and up to 3,000 tons in Korea. Since there are only cranes, the current technology has a module weight of about 1,500 tons and an upper limit of about 3,000 tons, which are lifted one by one by a crane ship and mounted on a floating structure that is a base hull.

  The structure of each of these modules is a skeletal structure that is generally assembled from structural steel. However, the load conditions mainly due to rolls experienced during offshore operations after mounting on a floating structure, and the crane ship when mounted. Since the load conditions applied when being lifted by the are greatly different, it is necessary to increase the strength at a cost only for lifting at the time of mounting once.

  And even after each module is installed, there is a lot of piping and wiring work that spans each module, so it is necessary to carry out these work, but it will be done offshore along the quay, not on land. However, the number of cranes that can be used for these operations is drastically reduced, and the lifting height of each part is also high, and as a result, it takes a lot of time to mount the inter-module parts. In addition, after these operations, a leak test, a continuity test, a function test, a coating finish and the like that penetrate through the modules are finally performed. For this reason, a long installation period is required in combination with these test operations and the installation work of many modules before that.

  As measures against these, in order to shorten the mounting period, the module division unit was reviewed to increase the size of the module, ideally in terms of functional design, that is, a large size that completed the range of each piping and wiring. As a module, it is effective to install components at once after completing assembly of parts and various tests on land as much as possible. In such a design, only a few modules are required, but the weight is about 10,000 tons.

  There are only a few crane ships with a lifting capacity of 10,000 tons in the world, and there are almost no crane ships in Southeast Asia and East Asia where FPSO construction is generally conducted. Although it is possible to charter a crane ship from a distance, the dredging fee is about 100 million yen / day, which is one digit higher than a crane ship with a lifting weight capacity of several thousand tons that can be procured in the region. Not right. For this reason, development of the mounting method which does not use a crane ship is desired.

  On the other hand, as a method of transporting an object mounted on a ship without using a crane ship, for example, when placing a module on a carrier ship from a quay where the module has been assembled, There is known a method called skidding for sliding on a rail and a roll-on method for mounting on a carriage such as a bogie, SPMT (Self Propelled Modular Transfer).

  For example, in connection with this, after entering a watercraft loaded with a transport vehicle loaded with super heavy equipment that has been operating in the sea area, the waterway is closed and the seawater in the waterway is released outside. Then, after landing the trolley, pass the ramp way between the trolley and the quay approach path, and separate the carriage loaded with super heavy equipment from the trolley and send it to the quay approach path. A water draining method for equipment has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In addition, the cargo storage shed is configured by loading a large number of cargoes such as containers. , Loading and unloading or loading cargo storage by moving horizontally the cargo storage warehouse located at the same level as the bottom of the ship toward the cargo landing at the same level as the bottom of the ship A cargo handling method for ships on which work is performed has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

  However, in order to carry out such a mounting method, it is necessary to match the height of the quay and the deck of the trolley by landing or to construct a cargo landing part with a low wharf. In general, the height of the quay is the highest tide level plus several meters, and even if the ballast water is loaded to the maximum, there is no way to match the FPSO floating structure based on a tanker that has about 20m or more of freeboard. There is a problem that the method cannot be used for the construction of mounting the top side module on the floating structure as it is.

JP 7-137684 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-17466

  The present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and the purpose of the present invention is to mount the top side module when placing and arranging the top side module on the floating structure of the floating equipment in the construction of the floating equipment. Without lifting, the top side module can be placed and placed on the floating body structure, and the top side module can be easily placed and placed on the floating body structure even if the top side module is enlarged into a mega module. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a floating body facility and a floating body structure for a floating body facility capable of enlarging the top side module and eliminating the need for strength enhancement only for suspension in the top side module. .

  In order to achieve the above object, a method for constructing a floating facility according to the present invention includes modularizing a part or all of the top side of a floating facility, and using this modularized top side module as a floating structure of the floating facility. In the construction method of a floating equipment, the floating equipment is mounted, and in the state where the floating structure is levitated, the carrier ship on which the top side module is mounted is opened on the upper side of the floating structure. The recessed top-shaped module is moved into the recessed inner space and the amount of settlement of either one or both of the carrier ship and the floating structure is changed, so that the mounted top side module can be It is placed on the placement part provided in the upper part of the internal space or the ship side skin part, and then the transport carrier is moved to the outside from the internal space of the floating structure. A method which comprises a placing step of placing the topside module on the floating structure.

  In addition, the floating facilities are not limited to crude oil, and include those that produce submarine mineral resources, renewable energy, and biological resources. Further, the floating body (F) is not necessarily limited to those having all functions of production (P), storage (S), and shipping (O). For example, after the arrival at the installation place on the ocean, the floating body This includes equipment that is installed on the bottom of the equipment, equipment that is mounted on a jacket, and equipment that does not have storage equipment (S) and that does not have production function (P).

  Further, the horizontal movement does not mean that the vertical movement is not included at all, but the horizontal movement amount is larger than the vertical movement amount. It means movement that also includes diagonally below.

  According to this method, the top side module is placed and arranged on the floating body structure by using the carrier ship approach method and the subsidence amount change method of the carrier ship / floating body structure without using the lifting work in a crane ship or the like. Is done. Accordingly, since the top side module is not lifted, it is not necessary to design the load applied during lifting, and the weight and cost can be reduced. In addition, there are no restrictions on the height, width and length when hanging with a crane, and the top side module can be enlarged.

  In this case, one or both of the carrier ship and the floating structure can be subsidized and ascended by ballast adjustment as necessary, and either or both of the subsidence or ascent of the carrier can be Matching the height of the lower side of the mounting surface of the top side module with the height of the mounting part of the floating structure, and then allowing the carrier to enter the interior space of the floating structure deepens the draft of the carrier This is preferable because the inner space can be made shallower.

  The ship side skin part is the part that constitutes the side of the hull including the ship side skin. Including those provided.

  In the above construction method of floating body equipment, including a construction process of constructing the top side module on land, and a mounting process of mounting the top side module on a transport carrier in a horizontal movement, The following effects can be exhibited by allowing the carrier ship carrying the top side module to enter the internal space of the floating structure from behind or forward of the floating structure.

  In other words, since the carrier ship is interposed in the movement of the top side module, even when building the top side module on the shallow quay land, the top side module is attached to the floating structure of the draft deeper than the quay depth. It can be easily installed. In other words, the top side module can be placed and disposed on the floating structure by the submersion approach method regardless of the draft of the floating structure.

  In this case, the carrier carrier is configured as a sinking barge (floating and sinking type carrier) so that it can be sunk and ascended by ballast adjustment as necessary, and the height of the quay and the height of the deck of the carrier carrier are approximately It is preferable that they are matched.

  In addition, the carrier ship equipped with the top side module is moved from behind or forward of the floating structure, in other words, by moving the carrier ship in the front-rear direction of the floating structure into the space portion of the floating structure. Since the position of the floating structure during installation is adjusted with the vertical inclination (trim) that is relatively easier to adjust than the horizontal inclination (heel), the risk of rollover is reduced, and transportation with a topside module Compared with the case where the trolley is mounted from the lateral direction (width direction) of the floating structure, the safety in the mounting work can be remarkably improved.

  In the construction method of the floating equipment described above, mounting portions for mounting the top side modules in the floating structure are provided on both sides of the passage into which the transport carrier enters the internal space of the floating structure, and the top side If the module is configured to be movable by moving horizontally on the mounting portion, the following effects can be achieved.

  In other words, after the top side module is placed on the placement portion, the top side module can move horizontally on the placement portion, so that the transport carrier is advanced to the position where the top side module is disposed. This eliminates the need to make the range in which the internal space of the floating structure is provided shorter than the range in which the top side module is provided, and a portion of the deck can be provided before the mounting step. Moreover, since the mounting portion can also be used as a guide, the top side module can be mounted on the floating structure with a simple configuration while preventing the deviation of the top side module.

  In addition, although the position of the mounting part is set according to the width of the top side module to be mounted and disposed, if the position of the top side module is kept close to the heel side of the floating structure, the width of the top side module is The width can be close to the width. In addition, if the mounting part is configured to be structurally continuous with the ship-side outer plate of the floating structure, the mounting part can be firmly integrated with the floating structure and fixedly supported, so the structural strength of the mounting part can be increased. It can be increased relatively easily.

  In addition, the deck (deck) around the hull center line of the floating structure is lower than both sides, so that the height of the mounting part where the top side module is placed is the same as the height of the shore quay where the top side module is built. The height of the center of gravity of the topside module can be adjusted to be close to the height of the center of gravity of the floating structure. Or Furthermore, the lateral force acting on the top side module can be easily received by the side wall or the mounting portion of the floating structure, so this structure can also be used during the operation of the floating equipment. It is possible to reduce the weight and cost of the structure that can withstand the force applied by the rolling motion of the body.

  In other words, it is possible to lower the center of gravity of the top side and thereby lower the overall center of gravity of the floating body facility, thereby increasing the restoring force of the floating body facility. In addition, since the top side module can be supported from the side near the center of gravity, the structural strength required for the roll of the top side module can be reduced, and the strength required only for hanging without being suspended. In combination, both can be made lighter and lighter and cost can be reduced.

  In the above construction method of a floating facility, in the mounting step, a structure that becomes a deck of the floating structure is disposed below the top side module, and the structure that becomes the deck together with the top side module is The structure that is mounted on a carrier ship and is placed on the placing portion of the floating structure together with the top side module in the placing step, and the structure that becomes the deck is placed on the floating body. If it is configured as a deck of a structure, the following effects can be achieved.

  According to this configuration, it is easy to place the deck of the floating structure in a state where the structure to be the deck is disposed below the top side module or in a state where the top side module and the deck are integrated. The deck can be easily installed on the floating structure even after the floating structure has been launched or moved to an installation location on the ocean. Therefore, when construction such as integration of the deck and the top side module is necessary, the construction can be completed on land.

  In the above construction method of floating equipment, when at least one of the top side modules is 2,000 tons or more and 100,000 tons or less by weight, the following effects can be exhibited. .

  That is, since the top side module is very large, the dividing line of the top side module can be matched with the functional dividing line. In addition, since the size of the top side module does not need to be taken into consideration, the size, shape and weight restrictions on the top side module are reduced, and in the width direction, it is expanded to a size close to the width of the floating structure. In addition, since mounted devices and equipment can be stacked in the height direction, it is possible to prevent the front and rear direction from becoming unnecessarily long.

  Thereby, since the height direction can be utilized, the mounted equipment does not spread in the horizontal direction, so that the total length of pipes connecting the mounted equipment can be reduced. In addition, since the top side module is not installed in an unnecessarily long area, the phenomenon that the pipe length does not fit due to thermal expansion etc. is reduced, and it is wasted to absorb the expansion and contraction of the pipe called the expansion loop It is possible to reduce the loop to be bypassed.

  Also, in terms of construction, since the topside module becomes huge, the pipe connection work in the floating structure that is floating on the ocean is greatly reduced compared to the combination of small modules. The troublesomeness of manufacturing after surveying on the connection piping is greatly reduced. Furthermore, the increase in module units makes it easier to realize top-side automatic operation and advanced IT utilization.

  In addition, for integration that functions as a single unit by combining different elements with respect to top-side devices and equipment, integration work performed on the shipyard side after placing the top-side module on the floating structure is greatly reduced. be able to. And, in the past, the top side test, which could not be done without the end of the piping due to the small module unit, can now be performed in the top side construction yard that is not easy to handle at the shipyard but also at the top side. In other words, it is possible to finish the work of the top side at the module construction yard side that is good at making the top side, so it is not carried over to the shipyard side where the integration is performed.

  And the floating body structure of the floating body equipment of the present invention for achieving the above object is formed in a concave shape with the upper side opened, and the opening provided in the front structure part or the rear structure part of the floating body structure A mounting portion on which a top side module having a part of or all of the top side of the floating equipment is modularized is placed on both sides of the internal space or on the ship side skin plate portion. The structure is provided in the part.

  According to this configuration, the top side module is placed and disposed on the floating body structure by using the carrier boat approach method and the subsidence amount change method of the carrier boat / floating body structure without using a lifting work on a crane ship or the like. become able to. Accordingly, since the top side module is not lifted, it is not necessary to design the load applied during lifting, and the weight and cost can be reduced. In addition, there are no restrictions on the height, width and length when hanging with a crane, and the top side module can be enlarged.

  Further, when the mounting portion is configured to be a part or all of the support of the top side module when the top side module is mounted and moved on the upper portion, the mounting portion is It can be used as a guide when the module slides, and the top surface of this mounting part can be used as a part or all of the slide surface of the top side module, thus preventing the deviation of the top side module with a simple configuration. However, the top side module can be placed and disposed on the floating structure.

  The placement part is installed in accordance with the width of the top side module to be inserted. However, if the placement part is provided at a position close to the heel side of the floating structure in the internal space or at the position of the upper part of the ship side outer plate part, The width of the module can be close to the width of the floating structure. In addition, if the mounting part and the ship-side outer plate of the floating structure are configured to be structurally continuous, the mounting part can be firmly integrated with the floating structure and fixedly supported, so the structural strength of the mounting part can be increased. It can be increased relatively easily.

  In addition, the deck (deck) around the hull center line of the floating structure is lower than both sides, so that the height of this mounting part is the height of the shore quay where the top side module is built and the top side module. The height of the center of gravity of the top side module can be arranged in the vicinity of the height of the center of gravity of the floating structure. Furthermore, since it becomes possible to easily receive the lateral force acting on the top side module at the upper part of the mounting part of the floating structure and the ship side outer plate part, even during the operation of the floating equipment, With this structure, it is possible to reduce the weight and reduce the cost of the structure for withstanding the force acting by the rolling motion of the floating structure.

  In other words, it is possible to lower the center of gravity of the top side and thereby lower the overall center of gravity of the floating body facility, thereby increasing the restoring force of the floating body facility. In addition, since the top side module can be supported from the side near the center of gravity, the structural strength required for the roll of the top side module can be reduced, and the strength required only for hanging without being suspended. In combination, both can be made lighter and lighter and cost can be reduced.

  In the floating structure of the floating equipment described above, if the rear structure is removed from the rear of the floating equipment, the floating structure of the floating equipment can be easily formed in the construction process. .

  As described above, according to the method for building a floating facility and the floating structure of the floating facility according to the present invention, when the top side module is placed on the floating structure of the floating facility in the construction of the floating facility. The top side module can be placed and placed on the floating structure by using the carrier approach method and the subsidence change method of the carrier ship / floating structure without lifting the top side module. Even if the module is enlarged and made into a mega module, it can be easily placed and placed on the floating structure, which makes it possible to enlarge the top side module and increase the strength only for hanging in the top side module Can be made unnecessary.

It is a cross-sectional view of the floating body equipment which shows typically the structure of the floating body equipment of embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the cross section of the floating body structure which shows typically the structure of the floating body structure of the floating body equipment of embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows typically the horizontal movement of the top side module from a quay to a carrier ship in the construction method of the floating body installation of embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows typically the subsidence of the carrier ship for the approach to the internal space of a floating body structure in the construction method of the floating body equipment of embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows typically approach of the carrier ship to the internal space of the floating body structure in the construction method of the floating body equipment of embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows typically subsidence of the carrier ship for mounting of the top side module to the mounting part of a floating body structure in the construction method of the floating body equipment of embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows typically the detachment | leave of the carrier ship from the internal space of the floating body structure in the construction method of the floating body equipment of embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows typically the floating of a carrier ship and the horizontal movement of the top side module on a floating body structure in the construction method of the floating body equipment of embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a cross-sectional view of the floating equipment which shows typically the structure of the floating equipment of a prior art.

  Hereinafter, a construction method of a floating facility and a floating structure of the floating facility according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the description of this embodiment, the FPSO is described as an example of the floating equipment, but the present invention is not necessarily limited to this FPSO and can be applied to other floating equipment.

  Such floating facilities are not limited to crude oil but also include those that produce marine mineral resources, renewable energy, and biological resources. Further, the floating body (F) is not necessarily limited to those having all functions of production (P), storage (S), and shipping (O). For example, after the arrival at the installation place on the ocean, the floating body This includes equipment that is installed on the bottom of the equipment, equipment that is mounted on a jacket, and equipment that does not have storage equipment (S) and that does not have production function (P).

  In order to clarify the difference between the present invention and the prior art, a prior art floating equipment 1X as shown in FIG. 9 will be described first. This floating equipment 1X is a modification of a typical large crude oil tanker (VLCC), and includes a bottom 11, a ship side skin 12, a front structure (a bow: not shown), a rear structure (a stern: shown). The tanker-shaped floating body structure 10X and the top side 20 of the floating equipment are floating. Since the floating equipment 1X is a modification of a large crude oil tanker, the support structure 17 is provided on the deck 16 on the floating structure 10X, and the top side 20 is provided on the support structure 17. The position has become high.

  Note that the ship side skin 12 is a part constituting the side of the hull including the ship side skin, and the ship side skin 12 is composed of only a single skin and has a double structure of the inside and the outside, and a space or ballast. Also includes tanks such as tanks. In addition, for example, the size of the floating facility 1X is, for example, a light load amount of about 50,000 tons (weight tons), a hull length of about 340 m, a tank length of about 200 m, a hull width of about 58 m, and a dry The dredging is about 10m, the draft is about 23m, and the hull height is about 33m.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 8, the floating facility 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a floating structure 10 and a top side 20 of the floating facility, and the top side 20 is a part or all of the top side 20. And the modular topside module 21 is mounted on the mounting portion 15 of the floating structure 10 to construct the floating facility 1.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the floating structure 10 includes a ship bottom 11, a ship side outer plate part 12, a front structure part (a bow part) 13, a rear structure part ( Stern part) 14. These structures are the same as in the prior art. The top side 20 is a production facility called a process, and is composed of main equipment such as an oil treatment facility, a gas treatment facility, a water treatment facility, a power generation facility, and a control system.

  With respect to the rear structure section 14, the floating body facility 1 is divided into a residential area and a production / storage plant area, and the residential area is provided in the rear structure section 14, so that the floating structure can be provided without mooring the rear structure section 14. When the part except the rear structure part 14 is moored in the facility 1 and the rear structure part 14 is detachably connected to the floating body equipment 1 of the part excluding the rear structure part 14, Since the time can be set after the top side module 21 is mounted, the degree of freedom in the construction process is increased. In addition, in the event of stormy weather such as a typhoon or emergency such as a fire, the crew members are easily and quickly scattered by detaching the rear structure 14 with this residential area. To be able to.

  As an example of the size of the floating equipment 1, for example, a light load amount of about 50,000 tons (weight tons), a hull length of about 160 m, a tank section length of about 150 m, a hull width of about 60 m, and a dry The dredging is about 10m, the draft is about 34m, and the hull height is about 44m.

  In the present invention, the floating body structure 10 is formed in a concave shape having an upper opening, and is provided in the front structure portion 13 or the rear structure portion 14 (the rear structure portion in FIG. 2) of the floating structure 10. There is an internal space A that is continuous with the opening 14a, and a mounting portion 15 for mounting a top side module 21 in which a part or all of the top side of the floating facility 1 is modularized on both sides of the internal space A. , Provided on both sides of the inner space A or on the upper part of the ship side outer plate part 12. That is, the cross-sectional shape of the floating structure 10 is formed into a concave shape with the upper part opened by the ship bottom 11 and the ship side outer plate parts 12 on both sides. In addition, although the mounting part 15 may be provided in both the both sides of the internal space A or the upper part of the ship side outer plate | board part 12, when the top side module 21 is mounted, both share a load appropriately. In order to do so, it is necessary to devise such that the height of each placement portion 15 can be adjusted.

  The mounting portion 15 is a member for mounting the top side module 21, and a rail on which the top side module 21 rides when the top side module 21 is mounted and moved on the upper surface of the mounting portion 15. If it comprises and comprises (not shown), this will be able to support the top side module 21 and to move to a horizontal direction. A storage tank, a machine room, and the like are arranged under the placement unit 15 after the top side module 21 is placed, although not shown, as necessary. In addition, when the top side module 21 is horizontally moved after the top side module 21 is placed, the portion after the horizontal movement is placed before the top side module 21 is placed, for example, a floating body. A storage tank, a machine room, or the like may be arranged in a process before the launch of the structure 10 or the like.

  Further, in the case where the placement portions 15 are provided only on both sides of the internal space A, the top side module 21 is mounted between the ship side outer plate portions 12. The inside portion may be used as a guide when the top side module 21 is moved and mounted in the horizontal direction.

  The position of the mounting portion 15 is set in accordance with the width of the top side module 21 to be inserted. However, when the mounting portion 15 is provided at a position close to the heel side of the floating structure 10, the width of the top side module 21 is set to the width of the floating structure 10. The width can be close to the width. Further, the outer plate of the mounting portion 15 and the ship side outer plate portion 12 which is the outer plate of the floating structure 10 are configured to be structurally continuous. Thereby, the mounting part 16 is firmly integrated with the floating structure 10 and fixedly supported, thereby increasing the structural strength of the mounting part 16.

  Moreover, the position of the mounting part 15 in the width direction, in other words, the distance between the mounting parts 15 on both sides is such that the transport carrier 40 can enter the space portion A and the top side module 21 can be mounted. Any width may be used, and when the top side module 21 is mounted on the carrier table 40, a base (not shown) having a width narrower than the distance S between the opposing placement portions 15 is provided. A space S is formed between the transporting carrier 40 and the mounting unit 15 enters the space from the front when the transporting carrier 40 enters. Can be made narrower than the width B of the carrier boat 40. Therefore, the distance S between the mounting portions 15 that is opposed to the width and weight of the top side module 21 may be determined.

  Further, the length of the mounting portion 15 in the front-rear direction is determined by the length of the top side module 21. Thereby, since the top side module 21 having various widths can be mounted, it is not necessary to make the width of the top side module 21 constant, and the degree of freedom in designing the top side module 21 is increased. When the width of the top side module 21 is different, the mounting portion 15 has a portion with a different width in the front-rear direction.

  If a rail (not shown) on which the top side module 21 rides when the top side module 21 is placed and moved on the placement portion 15 or the upper part of the ship side skin 12 is configured, Since the top side module 21 can be supported at a high position, the top side module 21 can be delivered from the transport carrier 40 at a high position.

  A single guide rail or a plurality of guide rails (not shown) are provided on the inner surface of the upper portion of the mounting portion 15 or the ship side outer plate portion 12, and the top side module 21 is mounted and moved. It is preferable that the side surface side of the top side module 21 is guided by the rails 16b, and the top side module 21 is moved smoothly while suppressing lateral blur of the top side module 21 in the lateral direction.

  In addition, when using a cart when moving the top side module 21 in the horizontal direction, a rail (not shown) of the upper portion of the mounting portion 15 or the ship side outer plate portion 12 is used as a rail on which the wheels of the cart are mounted. However, in the case of a cart that does not use a rail, the rail is not necessary. However, even in this case, a rail (not shown) of the mounting portion 15 or the ship side outer plate portion 12 can be used as a guide rail.

  By providing the mounting portion 15, the mounting portion 15 can be used as a guide when the top side module 21 slides horizontally, or the upper surface of the mounting portion 15 can be used as a sliding surface of the top side module 21. Since it can be used as a part or the whole, the top side module 21 can be placed and disposed on the floating structure 10 with a simple configuration while preventing the top side module 21 from deviating in the lateral direction. Become.

  In addition, the upper portion of the mounting portion 15 or the ship side outer plate portion 12 in the internal space A is a part or all of the support of the top side module 21 when the top side module 21 is mounted and moved on the upper portion. If it is configured, since the top side module 21 can be supported by other than the placement unit 15, the load on the top side module 21 can be distributed and the burden on the placement unit 15 can be reduced.

  Further, when the mounting portion 15 around the hull center line of the floating structure 10 is configured to be lower than both sides, the height of the mounting portion 15 is set to the land quay 30 on which the top side module 21 is built. The height of the top side module 21 can be adjusted to the height of the deck of the carrier boat 40 that carries and transports the top side module 21, and the height of the center of gravity of the top side module 21 is close to the height of the center of gravity of the floating structure 10. Can be arranged.

  In addition, since the lateral force acting on the top side module 21 can be easily received by the mounting portion 15 of the floating structure 10 or the ship side outer plate portion 12, the operation of the floating facility 1 is performed. Even inside, this structure can reduce the weight and cost of the structure for withstanding the force acting by the rolling motion of the floating structure 10.

  In other words, the center of gravity of the top side 20 can be lowered, and consequently the center of gravity of the entire floating body facility 1 can be lowered, and thereby the restoring force of the floating body facility 1 can be increased. Furthermore, since the top side module 21 is supported from the side near the center of gravity, the structural strength necessary for the roll of the top side module 21 can be reduced, and it is necessary only for hanging without being suspended. The strength that has been reduced also decreases, and the lighter structure can be achieved by combining both of them, and the weight can be reduced and the cost can be reduced.

  When at least one of the top side modules 21 is 2,000 tons (2,000 tons) or more and 100,000 tons (100,000 tons) or less by weight, the following effects can be exhibited. It becomes like this.

  That is, since the top side module 21 is very large, the dividing line of the top side module 21 can be matched with the functional dividing line. In addition, since the size of the top side module 21 need not be taken into consideration, the size, shape, and weight of the top side module 21 are limited, and the width of the top side module 21 is close to the width of the floating structure 10 in the width direction. Since it can be expanded to a size, and mounted devices and equipment can be stacked in the height direction, it is possible to prevent the front and rear direction from becoming unnecessarily long.

  Thereby, since the height direction can be utilized, the mounted equipment does not spread in the horizontal direction, so that the total length of pipes connecting the mounted equipment can be reduced. In addition, since the top side module 21 is not installed in an unnecessarily long area in the front and rear, the phenomenon that the pipe length becomes unsuitable due to thermal expansion or the like is reduced, and it is unnecessary to absorb the expansion and contraction of the pipe called an expansion loop. It is possible to reduce the loop to be bypassed.

  Also, in terms of construction, the top side module 21 is enlarged, so that the pipe connection work in the floating structure 10 in the state of floating on the ocean is greatly reduced compared to a combination of small modules. The troublesomeness of manufacturing after surveying on-site connection piping is greatly reduced. Furthermore, since the module unit becomes large, it becomes easy to realize automatic operation of the top side 20 and advanced IT utilization.

  In addition, with regard to the integration in which a plurality of different elements are combined and function as a single unit with respect to the devices and devices on the top side 20, the integration work performed on the shipyard side after the top side module 21 is mounted on the floating structure 10 is greatly increased. Can be reduced. Conventionally, the test of the top side 20 that is not possible unless the module unit is small and piping is finished can be performed not in the shipyard but in the top side construction yard that is excellent in handling the top side 20. That is, since the work of the top side 20 can be completed on the module construction yard side where the top side 20 is good, it is not carried over to the shipyard side where the integration is performed.

  If the floating structure 10 is configured with the rear structure 14 removed from the rear portion of the floating facility 1, the floating structure 10 of the floating facility 1 according to this embodiment is easily formed in the construction process. Can do. That is, by the separation of the rear structure portion 14, it is possible to realize the mounting of the top side module 21 in the front-rear direction from the rear of the floating structure 10.

  Next, the construction method of the floating facility according to the present invention will be described. In this floating equipment construction method, a part or all of the top side 20 of the floating equipment 1 is modularized, and the modularized top side module 21 is mounted on the floating structure 10 of the floating equipment 1 so that the floating equipment 1 It is a construction method of the floating equipment that builds.

  In this method for constructing a floating facility, the transport carrier 40 is configured as a sinking barge (floating and sinking type carrier), and the floating structure 10 can also change the amount of settlement by ballast adjustment as necessary. The height of the quay 30 and the height of the deck of the carrier boat 40, or the height of the deck of the carrier boat 40 and the height of the mounting portion 15 of the floating structure 10 are approximately determined by changes in the amount of settlement of one or both. It is preferable that they are matched.

  In this case, either one or both of the carrier boat 40 and the floating structure 10 can be sunk and floated by ballast adjustment as necessary, and the carrier sunk by the combination of either one or both of them. When the height of the lower side of the mounting surface of the top side module 21 of the ship 40 and the height of the mounting portion 15 of the floating structure 10 are approximately matched, the transport carrier 40 enters the internal space A of the floating structure 10. It is preferable because the draft of the carrier boat 40 can be deepened, or the size of the internal space A can be reduced.

  As shown in FIG. 3, this floating facility construction method moves the top side module 21 in the horizontal direction from the quay 30 where the top side module 21 is constructed, and mounts it on the transport carrier 40. This movement is carried out using a carriage or a slide method using a rail, and does not use a crane.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the transport carrier 40 is moved by towing or self-propelled to a position where the floating structure 10 is located, and is moved to the internal space A of the floating structure 10 near the floating structure zone 10. In order to enter, the carrier boat 40 is sunk. In this case, in order to match the height of the top side module 21 mounted on the carrier boat 40 with the height of the mounting portion 15 on the floating structure 10 side, the floating structure 10 side is also sunk as necessary.

  In addition, since the sinking of the carrier boat 40 is for adjusting the height of the top side module 21 and the height of the mounting portion 15 on the floating structure 10 side, depending on the height of both, the carrier boat 40 May be surfaced or may remain sailing. The amount of subsidence or levitation of the carrier boat 40 is adjusted by ballast adjustment of the carrier boat 40. On the other hand, on the floating structure 10 side, since it is necessary to allow the carrier boat 40 to enter the space portion A, at least the lower side of the space portion A is allowed to be submerged, and at the bow structure 13 side or the stern structure 14 side. The opening 14a is opened.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the transport carrier 40 enters the internal space A of the floating structure 10. At this time, since the mutual height is adjusted so that the placing portion 15 on the floating structure 10 side enters the lower side of the top side module 21 mounted on the carrier boat 40, the state as shown in FIG. Thus, when the transport carrier 40 advances in the space portion A, the lower mounting surface of the top side module 21 passes over the mounting portion 15.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 6, the transport carrier 40 enters until the position of the top side module 21 mounted on the transport carrier 40 coincides with the placement location of the top side module 21 in the floating structure 10. After that, it stops and sinks the carrier 40 by ballast adjustment or the like. When the transport carrier 40 is sunk, the top side module 21 is placed on the mounting part 15 in the middle of the sinking, and the load of the top side module 21 moves from the transport base ship 40 to the mounting part 15. . Further, when the transport carrier 40 is sunk, the top side module 21 is completely placed on the placement unit 15 and the load of the top side module 21 on the transport carrier 40 becomes zero.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 7, after the load of the top side module 21 is no longer applied to the carrier table 40, the carrier table 40 is further sunk for safety, and then the carrier table 40 is moved backward. Then, the floating structure 10 is separated from the space portion A. Note that the floating structure 10 may be levitated instead of sinking the carrier boat 40.

  Next, in the case where the carrier boat 40 has been sunk, the carrier boat 40 is lifted to a state suitable for towing or self-navigation, as shown in FIG. After this ascent, the carrier boat 40 is rounded so that the next work can be performed. On the other hand, the top side module 21 placed at the placement position of the floating body structure 10 is moved horizontally to the placement position in the floating body structure 10 as necessary, and the top side module 21 is then moved to the floating body structure. 10 is fixed.

  That is, in the present invention, in this floating body construction method, the carrier boat 40 on which the top side module 21 is mounted in the state where the floating body structure 10 is floating, as shown in FIG. The top side module 21 is mounted as shown in FIG. 7 by entering the concave inner space A opened on the upper side of the body 10 and sinking the carrier boat 40 as shown in FIG. Is mounted on the mounting portion 15 provided in the internal space A of the floating structure 10, and then moved from the internal space A of the floating structure 10 to the outside while the transport carrier 40 is sunk, A method including a placing step of placing the top side module 21 on the floating structure 10 is adopted.

  According to this construction method of the floating equipment, the top side module 21 can be used for the floating structure 10 by using the carrier ship approach method and the subsidence amount changing method of the carrier ship / floating structure without using the lifting work in a crane ship or the like. Is placed and disposed. Accordingly, since the top side module 21 is not lifted, it is not necessary to design for the load applied during lifting, and the weight and cost can be reduced. Further, there are no restrictions on the height, width, and length when hanging with a crane, and the top side module 21 can be enlarged.

  And the construction method of this floating body equipment includes the construction process which builds the top side module 21 on land, and the mounting process which mounts the top side module 21 on the transport carrier 40 by horizontal movement. In this construction method, the carrier boat 40 on which the top side module 21 is mounted enters the internal space A of the floating structure 10 from behind or in front of the floating structure 10.

  Further, in this construction method of the floating equipment, since the carrier boat 40 is interposed for the movement of the top side module 21, even when the top side module 21 is constructed on the shallow quay 30, the depth of the quay 30 It is possible to easily mount the top side module 21 on the floating body structure 10 having a deeper draft. That is, regardless of the draft of the floating structure 10, the top side module 21 is placed and placed on the floating structure 10 by the carrier approach method and the subsidence change method of the carrier ship / floating structure. Can be set.

  Further, the transport carrier 40 mounted with the top side module 21 is moved from the rear or the front of the floating structure 10, in other words, the space portion A of the floating structure 10 by the movement of the transport carrier 40 in the front-rear direction of the floating structure 10. As a result, the position of the floating structure 10 when it is placed can be adjusted to a vertical inclination (trim) that is relatively easier to adjust than the horizontal inclination (heel), thereby reducing the risk of rollover. Compared with the case where the transport carrier 40 mounted with the top side module 21 is mounted from the lateral direction (width direction) of the floating structure 10, the safety in the mounting work can be remarkably improved.

  Further, in this construction method of the floating equipment, the placement portions 15 for placing the top side module 21 in the floating structure 10 are provided on both sides of the passage into which the transport carrier 40 enters the internal space A of the floating structure 10. The top side module 21 can be moved on the placement unit 15 by horizontal movement.

  Thus, after the top side module 21 is placed on the placement portion 15, the top side module 21 can move horizontally on the placement portion 15, so that the top side module 21 can be disposed. There is no need to allow the carrier 40 to enter, and the range in which the internal space A of the floating structure 10 is provided can be made shorter than the range in which the top side module 21 is provided, and some decks (not shown) can be provided. It can be provided before the placing step. In addition, since the mounting portion 15 can be used as a guide, the top side module 21 can be mounted on the floating structure 10 with a simple configuration while preventing the deviation of the top side module 21.

  In addition, although the position of the mounting part 15 is installed according to the width of the top side module 21 to be mounted and disposed, if the position is close to the heel side of the floating structure 10, the width of the top side module 21 is The width can be close to the width of the floating structure 10. Further, if the mounting portion 15 is configured to be structurally continuous with the ship side outer plate 12 portion of the floating structure 10, the mounting portion 15 can be firmly integrated with the floating structure 10 and fixedly supported. The structural strength of the mounting portion 15 can be increased relatively easily.

  Furthermore, if the deck (deck) around the hull center line of the floating structure 10 is made lower than both sides, the top side module 21 is constructed with the height of the mounting portion 15 on which the top side module 21 is mounted. The height of the shore quay 30 and the height of the deck of the carrier boat 40 that carries and transports the top side module 21 can be adjusted, and the center of gravity of the top side module 21 can be adjusted to the center of gravity of the floating structure 10. It can be arranged in the vicinity of the height. Further, since the lateral force acting on the top side module 21 can be easily received by the ship-side outer plate 12 portion or the mounting portion 15 of the floating structure 10, the floating facility 1 is in operation. However, with this structure, it is possible to reduce the weight and the cost of the structure for withstanding the force acting by the rolling (roll) motion of the floating structure 1.

  In other words, the center of gravity of the top side 20 can be lowered, and consequently the center of gravity of the entire floating body facility 1 can be lowered, and thereby the restoring force of the floating body facility 1 can be increased. Furthermore, since the top side module 21 can be supported from the side near the center of gravity, the structural strength necessary for the roll of the top side module 21 can be reduced, and it is only required for being suspended without being suspended. In addition, the strength can be reduced, and the lighter structure can be achieved by combining both of them, and the weight and cost can be reduced.

  Furthermore, in this method of constructing a floating facility, in the mounting process, a structure (not shown) serving as a deck of the floating structure 10 is disposed below the top side module 21, A structure (not shown) to be mounted on the carrier table 40 and a structure (not shown) to be a deck together with the top side module 21 are placed on the placing portion 15 of the floating structure 10 in the placing step. And you may comprise so that the structure (not shown) used as a deck may be used as the deck of the floating structure 10. FIG.

  According to this configuration, a structure (not shown) that becomes a deck can be easily placed and disposed on the portion where the deck of the floating structure 10 is disposed together with the top side module 21. Even after launching or after moving to an offshore installation location, the deck can be easily installed on the floating structure 10. Therefore, when construction such as integration of the deck and the top side module 21 is necessary, the construction can be completed on land.

  According to this configuration, the structure of the floating structure 10 is formed in a state in which a structure (not shown) serving as a deck is disposed below the top side module 21 or in a state where the top side module 21 and the deck are integrated. Since the deck can be easily placed and disposed on the portion where the deck is disposed, the deck can be easily installed on the floating structure 10 even after the floating structure 10 is launched or moved to an installation location on the ocean. Therefore, when construction such as integration of the deck 16 and the top side module 21 is necessary, the construction can be completed on land. In addition, when the top side module 21 and the deck are integrated, the top side module 21 and the deck 16 are integrated on land, and when mounted, the top side module 21 is mounted on the mounting portion 15 and the deck 16 is mounted on the top side. The situation is like hanging on the module 21.

According to this configuration, the top side module 21 is mounted on the floating body structure 10 by the carrier carrier approach method and the subsidence amount changing method of the carrier boat / floating body structure without using a lifting work in a crane ship or the like. It becomes possible to arrange. Therefore, since the top side module 21 is not lifted,
Therefore, according to the construction method of the floating equipment and the floating structure 10 of the floating equipment 1, the top side module 21 is placed on the floating structure 10 of the floating equipment 1 in the construction of the floating equipment 1. In this case, without using the lifting work in a crane ship or the like, the top side module 21 is not lifted up, and the top side of the floating body structure 10 is changed to the floating body structure 10 by the transport base boat approach method and the subsidence amount change method of the transport base boat / floating body structure. Module 21 can be placed and placed.

  Therefore, in the top side module 21, it is not necessary to increase the strength only for the suspension in the top side module 21, so that it is not necessary to design for the load applied at the time of lifting, and the weight and cost can be reduced. Further, there are no restrictions on the height, width, and length when hanging with a crane, and the top side module 21 can be enlarged. In other words, the top side module 21 can be enlarged and made into a mega module that can be easily placed and disposed on the floating structure 10.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1X Floating body equipment 10, 10X Floating structure 11 Ship bottom 12 Ship side outer plate part 13 Front structure part (bow part)
14 Rear structure (stern)
14a Opening portion 15 Placement portion 16 Deck 20 Top side 21 Top side module 30 Quay wall 40 Carriage carrier A Internal space

Claims (7)

  In the construction method of a floating body facility, a part or all of the top side of the floating body facility is modularized, and the modular topside module is mounted on the floating body structure of the floating body facility to construct the floating body facility. In a state where the structure is levitated, the carrier ship carrying the top side module is made to enter the concave internal space opened on the upper side of the float structure, and the carrier ship and the floating body By changing the amount of subsidence of either one or both of the structures, the mounted top side module is placed on the mounting portion provided in the internal space of the floating structure or the upper part of the ship side skin. Placement work for placing the top side module on the floating structure by moving the transport carrier from the internal space of the floating structure to the outside after placing Construction method of floating equipment, characterized in that it comprises a.   Including a construction process for constructing the top side module on land, and a mounting process for mounting the top side module on a transport carrier in a horizontal direction, wherein the top side module is mounted in the placing process described above. The method for constructing a floating facility according to claim 1, wherein the carrier ship is caused to enter the internal space of the floating structure from behind or forward of the floating structure.   A mounting portion for mounting the top side module in the floating structure is provided on both sides of a passage into which the carrier boat enters in an internal space of the floating structure, and the top side module is placed on the mounting portion. It is comprised so that it can move by horizontal movement, The construction method of the floating equipment of Claim 1 or 2 characterized by the above-mentioned.   In the mounting step, a structure serving as a deck of the floating structure is disposed below the top side module, and the structure serving as the deck together with the top side module is mounted on the carrier ship, and In the above placing step, the structure that becomes the deck together with the top side module is placed on the placing portion of the floating structure, and the structure that becomes the deck is used as the deck of the floating structure. The construction method of the floating body installation of any one of Claims 1-3.   The method for constructing a floating facility according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein at least one of the top side modules has a weight of 2,000 tons or more and 100,000 tons or less.   It has an internal space that is formed in a concave shape with an opening on the upper side and that is continuous with the opening provided in the front structure portion or the rear structure portion of the floating structure. A floating structure of a floating facility, characterized in that mounting parts for mounting a top-side module that is entirely modularized are provided on both sides of the internal space or on the upper part of the ship side skin.   The floating structure of the floating equipment according to claim 6, wherein the rear structure is removed from a rear portion of the floating equipment.

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