JP2017114264A - Floating facility construction method and floating structure for floating facility - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a floating facility construction method and a floating structure for a floating facility which, in constructing the floating facility, enable a topside module to be loaded onto the floating structure of the floating facility without suspending the topside module when loading the same onto the floating structure of the floating facility and thereby allowing the topside module to be huge in size and eliminating necessity to reinforce strength only for suspending the same.SOLUTION: In a floating facility construction method, a topside module 21 placed on a quay wall 30 or on board a carrying barge is horizontally transferred onto a floating structure 10 while the same is afloat.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a construction method of a floating body facility called FPSO, FLNG, and the like, and a floating body structure of the floating body facility, and more particularly, when the top side module is installed in the floating body structure of the floating body facility. It is related with the construction method of the floating body equipment which can mount a top side module in the floating body structure in the state of floating, and the floating body structure of a floating body equipment, without lifting up.

  Floating body called FPSO (Floating Production, Storage, Offloading), which is used as a facility for producing, storing and shipping crude oil and other marine resources from offshore oil fields etc. Forty years have passed since the production and storage facility was invented. In the meantime, nearly 200 units have been built for crude oil production, and one quarter of crude oil demand is being covered.

  The basic structure and construction method of this FPSO is almost completed while several tens of units in the early 10 to 15 years are built, and has hardly changed during the next 25 years. In other words, the crude oil tanker having a rectangular cross section, a high freeboard and a substantially horizontal deck surface is slightly modified to complete a floating structure as a base hull having a crude oil storage function and a residential area function. Next, the crude oil processing facility called the top side is constructed by dividing it into several modules, and the top side module is installed on the deck of the floating structure using a crane ship, or the floating structure. Work to install mooring equipment for mooring. These constructions are often carried out at shipyards in Southeast Asia and East Asia. After that, the style of using a tanker propulsion device or using a tugboat to tow the FPSO to the installation site and connecting it to a mooring line pre-laid there has been almost consistently penetrated. ing.

  Since the production activity at this FPSO installation site is many years, the mooring equipment mooring this FPSO has been designed and built to withstand the sea conditions of the scale encountered once every 100 years. This mooring facility has not changed substantially over the past 25 years, and a multipoint mooring system is used in which FPSOs are moored in four directions. In other words, depending on the severity of sea conditions, a spread mooring method in which the entire floating structure is moored and held directly by several mooring lines coming out from multiple locations of the floating structure (hull), multi-point mooring A turret mooring system that swivels (weather vanes) like a weathercock around the chain table, a disconnectable turret system that allows the FPSO itself to be detached from the turret-type multi-point mooring buoy, etc. is used. .

  On the other hand, over the last 25 years, FPSO has increased in size, sophistication, and cost, centering on the top side. For example, the average structure of FPSO 25 years ago was a floating tank structure based on a crude oil tanker with a total length of about 260m, the number of topside modules was about 2, and the total weight was less than 1,000 tons. Cost was 10 billion yen or less. On the other hand, in the FPSO constructed recently, the top side part is remarkably enlarged and the number of top side modules is 20 while the floating structure is based on a crude oil tanker with a total length of 330 m. The total weight has reached tens of thousands of tons, and the total cost has reached several hundred billion yen.

  Furthermore, the FPSO system is being applied not only to crude oil but also to the production of natural gas (in this case, it is called “FLNG” instead of “FPSO”). In this case, the total weight and total weight of the top side Costs are expected to double. For this reason, the installation work on the top side requires a large amount of cost and time, and procurement of construction funds during construction before the start of crude oil production is a heavy burden including interest rates.

  On the other hand, since the total center of gravity of the FPSO and FLNG is pushed up due to the increase in the total weight of the top side, it becomes difficult to secure the minimum restoring force necessary for the floating structure. Yes.

  Furthermore, as the importance of the top side, cost ratio, and overall cost increase compared to the base tanker that will be the floating structure of the FPSO, maintenance on the floating structure side such as storage facilities will increase. For this reason, when production activities are interrupted, the impact on the entire business is remarkably large, and the occurrence of these situations is a serious problem.

  For example, in a ballast tank provided in a floating structure, corrosion proceeds by being exposed to air for a long time after injecting seawater ballast, and in a crude oil storage tank also provided in a floating structure, Impurities and seawater remaining in crude oil are gradually separated during storage and accumulated at the bottom of the tank, corroded by the propagation of seawater and microorganisms, and oxygen concentration in the space above the oil level is reduced to prevent explosions. Boiler combustion exhaust gas (inert gas: inert gas) is introduced, but it is corroded by sulfur in the combustion exhaust gas.

  In order to respond to this phenomenon such as corrosion, it is necessary to stop using the corresponding tank, ventilate over a period of days, and perform maintenance, but the situation that interrupts this production activity is a business by production activity As a result, the situation has become unacceptable. Also, because many flammable products are handled within a limited range of floating structures, the possible fire scale will increase, but the number of passengers that was initially around 20 will now exceed 100. Once a fire breaks out, there is also the potential for danger to a large number of passengers.

  As described above, at present, the situation regarding the floating facilities such as FPSO is the technology for simplifying the mounting work of the top side module to the floating structure and shortening the mounting work period, the mounting work of the top side module, There is a demand for innovation in each technology, such as a technology for constructing and remodeling a floating structure that is a base floating body with storage facilities. In addition, maintenance-free functions are required for the functions of the floating structure centering on storage facilities. In the technology for solving these problems, it is required to lower the overall center of gravity and increase the restoring force, and to improve the safety of passengers in the event of a fire.

  And in this situation, considering the construction method of FPSO, the number of top side modules is currently close to 20 as described above, and each of them is built on land, and each includes piping, wiring, etc. This work is done on land as much as possible. This topside module is a module with a weight of around 2,000 to 10,000 tons (2,000 to 10,000 tons), but the crane is, for example, up to 1,500 tons in Singapore and up to 3,000 tons in Korea. Since there are only cranes, the current technology has a module weight of about 1,500 tons and an upper limit of about 3,000 tons, which are lifted one by one by a crane ship and mounted on a floating structure that is a base hull.

  The structure of each of these modules is a skeletal structure that is generally assembled from structural steel. However, the load conditions mainly due to rolls experienced during offshore operations after mounting on a floating structure, and the crane ship when mounted. Since the load conditions applied when being lifted by the are greatly different, it is necessary to increase the strength at a cost only for lifting at the time of mounting once.

  And even after each module is installed, there is a lot of piping and wiring work that spans each module, so it is necessary to carry out these work, but it will be done offshore along the quay, not on land. However, the number of cranes that can be used for these operations is drastically reduced, and the lifting height of each part is also high, and as a result, it takes a lot of time to mount the inter-module parts. In addition, after these operations, a leak test, a continuity test, a function test, a coating finish and the like that finally penetrate each module are performed. For this reason, a long installation period is required in combination with these test operations and the installation work of many modules before that.

  As measures against these, in order to shorten the mounting period, the module division unit was reviewed to increase the size of the module, ideally in terms of functional design, that is, a large size that completed the range of each piping and wiring. As a module, it is effective to install components at once after completing assembly of parts and various tests on land as much as possible. In such a design, only a few modules are required, but the weight is about 10,000 tons.

  There are only a few crane ships with a lifting capacity of 10,000 tons in the world, and there are almost no crane ships in Southeast Asia and East Asia where FPSO construction is generally conducted. Although it is possible to charter a crane ship from a distance, the dredging fee is about 100 million yen / day, which is one digit higher than a crane ship with a lifting weight capacity of several thousand tons that can be procured in the region. Not right. For this reason, development of the mounting method which does not use a crane ship is desired.

  On the other hand, as a method of transporting an object mounted on a ship without using a crane ship, for example, when placing a module on a carrier ship from a quay where the module has been assembled, There is known a method called skidding for sliding on a rail and a roll-on method for mounting on a carriage such as a bogie, SPMT (Self Propelled Modular Transfer).

  For example, in connection with this, after entering a watercraft loaded with a transport vehicle loaded with super heavy equipment that has been operating in the sea area, the waterway is closed and the seawater in the waterway is released outside. Then, after landing the trolley, pass the ramp way between the trolley and the quay approach path, and separate the carriage loaded with super heavy equipment from the trolley and send it to the quay approach path. A water draining method for equipment has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In addition, the cargo storage shed is configured by loading a large number of cargoes such as containers. , Loading and unloading or loading cargo storage by moving horizontally the cargo storage warehouse located at the same level as the bottom of the ship toward the cargo landing at the same level as the bottom of the ship A cargo handling method for ships on which work is performed has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

  However, in order to carry out such a mounting method, it is necessary to match the height of the quay and the deck of the trolley by landing or to construct a cargo landing part with a low wharf. In general, the height of the quay is the highest tide level plus several meters, and even if the ballast water is loaded to the maximum, there is no way to match the FPSO floating structure based on a tanker that has about 20m or more of freeboard. There is a problem that the method cannot be used for the construction of mounting the top side module on the floating structure as it is.

JP 7-137684 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-17466

  The present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and the purpose thereof is to lift the top side module when the top side module is mounted on the floating body structure of the floating body facility in the construction of the floating body facility. The topside module can be mounted on the floating structure by skidding or roll-on method that moves in the horizontal direction, and the topside module can be easily mounted on the floating structure by making it a mega module. Thus, it is possible to provide a floating body construction method and a floating body structure of a floating body facility that can make the top side module large and can eliminate the need for strength enhancement only for suspension in the top side module. There is.

  In order to achieve the above object, a method for constructing a floating facility according to the present invention includes modularizing a part or all of the top side of a floating facility, and using this modularized top side module as a floating structure of the floating facility. In the method for constructing a floating facility, the floating body structure is mounted, and the top side module is mounted from the quay where the top side module is disposed or in a state where the floating structure is floating. The method includes a step of mounting the top side module on the floating structure by moving the top side module in a horizontal direction from above the carrier table.

  In addition, the floating facilities are not limited to crude oil, and include those that produce submarine mineral resources, renewable energy, and biological resources. Further, the floating body (F) is not necessarily limited to those having all functions of production (P), storage (S), and shipping (O). For example, after the arrival at the installation place on the ocean, the floating body This includes equipment that is installed on the bottom of the equipment, equipment that is mounted on a jacket, and equipment that does not have storage equipment (S) and that does not have production function (P).

  Further, the horizontal movement does not mean that the vertical movement is not included at all, but the horizontal movement amount is larger than the vertical movement amount. It means movement that also includes diagonally below.

  According to this method, the top side module can be slid by a horizontal movement called a skid-on type skid or a horizontal movement called a loading of a roll-on type without using a lifting work on a crane ship or the like. Is mounted on the floating structure. Accordingly, since the top side module is not lifted, it is not necessary to design the load applied during lifting, and the weight and cost can be reduced.

  Also, because it is mounted on the rails etc. provided on the floating structure directly or indirectly via a carriage, etc., it is mounted by sliding or wheels, so the height and width when hanging with a crane There is no restriction on the length, and the top side module can be enlarged.

  In the above construction method of floating equipment, the step of building the top side module on land, the step of mounting the top side module on a transport carrier in a horizontal direction, and the top mounted on the transport carrier By including the step of mounting the top side module on the floating structure from the back or front of the floating structure by moving the side module in the horizontal direction, the following effects can be exhibited. .

  In other words, since the carrier ship is interposed in the movement of the top side module, even when building the top side module on the shallow quay land, the top side module is attached to the floating structure of the draft deeper than the quay depth. It can be easily installed. That is, the top side module can be mounted on the floating structure by moving in the horizontal direction regardless of the draft of the floating structure. Therefore, since only a carrier boat is used, a general carrier boat is sufficient, and an expensive crane boat is not necessary.

  In this case, one or both of the carrier carrier and the floating structure can be ballast adjusted as necessary, or configured as a sinking barge (floating and sinking type), and by sinking, The height of the deck deck, or the height of the deck deck and the height of the floating structure-resistant deck or the height of the upper surface of the guide wall may be approximately matched.

  In addition, by mounting the top side module from the rear or front of the floating structure, in other words, by mounting the top side module on the floating structure by moving the floating structure in the front-rear direction, it is possible to ensure the posture of the floating structure when mounted. Since the adjustment of the vertical inclination (trim) is relatively easy to adjust compared to the (heel), the risk of rollover is reduced, compared to the case where the top side module is mounted from the horizontal direction (width direction) of the floating structure. The remarkably improved safety in the mounting operation can be achieved.

  Alternatively, in the method for constructing a floating facility, the step of constructing the top side module on land, and moving the top side module in a horizontal direction from a quay, so that the top side module is located behind the floating structure or When the process of mounting on the floating structure from the front is included, the following effects can be exhibited.

In other words, when building a topside module on the shore of a quay having a deep depth, it is mounted on a floating structure of a draft that is shallower than the depth of this quay without interposing a carrier boat. The working efficiency can be remarkably improved as compared with the case of interposing. In addition, by mounting the top side module on the floating body structure from behind or in front of the floating body structure, the risk of rollover of the floating body structure is reduced, and the safety in the mounting work can be improved.
In this case, the floating structure is configured as a sinking barge if necessary, and the height of the deck or the upper surface of the guide wall is adjusted to the height of the quay by sinking. The top side module may be mounted by skidding or roll-on method.

  In the above construction method of a floating facility, guide walls extending in the front-rear direction of the floating structure are provided on both sides of a deck on which the top side module is mounted in the floating structure, and the top side is provided between the guide walls. When the module is installed, the following effects can be achieved.

  That is, since the top side module is mounted between the guide walls, the guide wall can be used as a guide when the top side module slides, or the upper surface of the guide wall can be a part of the slide surface of the top side module or Since it can be used as a whole, the top side module can be mounted on the floating body structure with a simple configuration while preventing the deviation of the top side module.

  The guide wall is installed according to the width of the top side module to be inserted, but if the guide wall is provided at a position close to the heel side of the floating structure, the width of the top side module is made close to the width of the floating structure. can do. Also, if the outer plate of the guide wall and the outer plate of the floating structure are structured to be structurally continuous, the guide wall can be firmly integrated with the floating structure and fixedly supported, so the structural strength of the guide wall is compared. Can be easily increased.

  In addition, the deck (deck) around the hull center line of the floating structure is lower than both sides, and the height of this deck is equipped with the height of the shore quay where the top side module is built and the top side module. The height of the center of gravity of the top side module can be arranged in the vicinity of the height of the center of gravity of the floating structure. Furthermore, since it becomes possible to easily receive the lateral force acting on the top side module at the guide wall of the floating structure and the ship side skin, even during operation of the floating equipment, this structure It is possible to reduce the weight and cost of the structure that can withstand the force acting by the rolling motion of the floating structure.

  In other words, it is possible to lower the center of gravity of the top side and thereby lower the overall center of gravity of the floating body facility, thereby increasing the restoring force of the floating body facility. In addition, since the top side module can be supported from the side near the center of gravity, the structural strength required for the roll of the top side module can be reduced, and the strength required only for hanging without being suspended. In combination, both can be made lighter and lighter and cost can be reduced.

  Alternatively, in the above-described method for constructing a floating facility, a deck on which the top side module in the floating structure is mounted is set lower than a ship-side skin portion of the floating structure, and between these ship-side skin portions When the top side module is mounted on the deck, the same effect can be exhibited in the ship side outer plate portion (including not only one structure but also two double structures) instead of the guide wall. However, in this case, the deck position is lower than the height of the ship side skin.

  Moreover, in the construction method of the floating equipment described above, when mounting the top side module in the floating structure, ballast water is supplied to the inside of the cargo tank of the floating structure or the inside of the bag-shaped tank mounted on the cargo tank. When the floating body structure is lowered by inserting, the horizontal movement mounting of the top side module can be realized easily by sufficiently lowering the height of the deck (deck surface) when the top side module is mounted. In this case, if a bag-like tank (bag) is placed inside the cargo tank that contains crude oil, etc., and ballast water is put into this bag-like tank, the ballast water will come into contact with the steel material that is the structural member around the cargo tank. Disappears.

  In the above construction method of floating equipment, when at least one of the top side modules is 2,000 tons or more and 100,000 tons or less by weight, the following effects can be exhibited. .

  That is, since the top side module is very large, the dividing line of the top side module can be matched with the functional dividing line. In addition, since the size of the top side module does not need to be taken into consideration, the size, shape and weight restrictions on the top side module are reduced, and in the width direction, it is expanded to a size close to the width of the floating structure. In addition, since mounted devices and equipment can be stacked in the height direction, it is possible to prevent the front and rear direction from becoming unnecessarily long.

  Thereby, since the height direction can be utilized, the mounted equipment does not spread in the horizontal direction, so that the total length of pipes connecting the mounted equipment can be reduced. In addition, since the top side module is not installed in an unnecessarily long area, the phenomenon that the pipe length does not fit due to thermal expansion etc. is reduced, and it is wasted to absorb the expansion and contraction of the pipe called the expansion loop It is possible to reduce the loop to be bypassed.

  Also, in terms of construction, since the topside module becomes huge, the pipe connection work in the floating structure that is floating on the ocean is greatly reduced compared to the combination of small modules. The troublesomeness of manufacturing after surveying on the connection piping is greatly reduced. Furthermore, the increase in module units makes it easier to realize top-side automatic operation and advanced IT utilization.

  In addition, with regard to integration that functions as a single unit by combining multiple different elements for top-side devices and equipment, the integration work performed on the shipyard side after the top-side module is mounted on the floating structure will be greatly reduced. Can do. And, in the past, the top side test, which could not be done without the end of the piping due to the small module unit, can now be performed in the top side construction yard that is not easy to handle at the shipyard but also at the top side. In other words, it is possible to finish the work of the top side at the module construction yard side that is good at making the top side, so it is not carried over to the shipyard side where the integration is performed.

  And the floating body structure of the floating equipment of the present invention for achieving the above-mentioned object is obtained by modularizing a part or all of the top side of the floating equipment, and this modularized top side module is used as the floating structure of the floating equipment. A floating structure of a floating facility for building a floating facility mounted on a body, wherein the top side module is horizontally disposed on both sides with respect to the width direction of the floating structure of the deck on which the top side module is mounted. A guide wall that is at least one of a guide or a support when moving and mounting and extends in the front-rear direction of the floating structure is provided upright.

  That is, since the top side module is mounted between the guide walls, the guide wall can be used as a guide when the top side module slides, or the upper surface of the guide wall can be a part of the slide surface of the top side module or Since it can be used as a whole, the top side module can be mounted on the floating body structure with a simple configuration while preventing the deviation of the top side module. In addition, when the guide wall is configured to be a part or all of the support of the top side module when the top side module is placed and moved on the upper part, the top side module Since it can be supported, the load on the top side module can be distributed and the load on the deck can be reduced.

  The guide wall is installed according to the width of the top side module to be inserted, but if the guide wall is provided at a position close to the heel side of the floating structure, the width of the top side module is made close to the width of the floating structure. can do. Also, if the outer plate of the guide wall and the outer plate of the floating structure are structured to be structurally continuous, the guide wall can be firmly integrated with the floating structure and fixedly supported, so the structural strength of the guide wall is compared. Can be easily increased.

  Furthermore, the deck (deck) around the hull center line of the floating structure is made lower than both sides, so that the height of this deck is the same as the height of the shore quay where the top side module is built and the top side module. The height of the center of gravity of the top side module can be arranged in the vicinity of the height of the center of gravity of the floating structure. Furthermore, since it becomes possible to easily receive the lateral force acting on the top side module at the guide wall of the floating structure and the ship side skin, even during operation of the floating equipment, this structure It is possible to reduce the weight and cost of the structure that can withstand the force acting by the rolling motion of the floating structure.

  In other words, it is possible to lower the center of gravity of the top side and thereby lower the overall center of gravity of the floating body facility, thereby increasing the restoring force of the floating body facility. In addition, since the top side module can be supported from the side near the center of gravity, the structural strength required for the roll of the top side module can be reduced, and the strength required only for hanging without being suspended. In combination, both can be made lighter and lighter and cost can be reduced.

  In the floating structure of the floating equipment described above, when a rail on which the top side module is mounted when the top side module is placed and moved on the guide wall is provided at a relatively high position, the top side The module can be supported, and the top side module can be delivered from a quay or a carrier ship at a high position.

  In the floating structure of the floating equipment described above, when a rail on which the top side module rides when the top side module is placed and moved on the upper surface of the deck on which the top side module is mounted is relatively low The top side module can be supported at the position, and the top side module can be delivered from the quay or the carrier ship at the low position.

  In the floating structure of the floating equipment described above, if the rear structure is removed from the rear of the floating equipment, the floating structure of the floating equipment can be easily formed in the construction process. .

  As described above, according to the construction method of the floating equipment of the present invention and the floating structure of the floating equipment, when the top side module is mounted on the floating structure of the floating equipment in the construction of the floating equipment, The topside module can be mounted on the floating structure by skidding or roll-on method that moves in the horizontal direction without lifting the topside module. It can be easily mounted on a floating structure, thereby enabling an increase in the size of the top side module and making it unnecessary to increase the strength only for suspension of the top side module.

It is a cross-sectional view of the floating body equipment which shows typically the structure of the floating body equipment of embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the cross section of the floating body structure which shows typically the structure of the floating body structure of the floating body equipment of embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows typically the horizontal movement of the top side module from the quay to the carrier ship in the construction method of the floating body equipment of 1st Embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows typically the movement of the horizontal direction of the top side module from the carrier truck to the floating body structure in the construction method of the floating body equipment of 1st Embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows typically the horizontal movement of the top side module from the quay to the floating body structure in the construction method of the floating body equipment of 2nd Embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a cross-sectional view of the floating equipment which shows typically the structure of the floating equipment of a prior art.

  Hereinafter, a construction method of a floating facility and a floating structure of the floating facility according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the description of this embodiment, the FPSO is described as an example of the floating equipment, but the present invention is not necessarily limited to this FPSO and can be applied to other floating equipment.

  Such floating facilities are not limited to crude oil but also include those that produce marine mineral resources, renewable energy, and biological resources. Further, the floating body (F) is not necessarily limited to those having all functions of production (P), storage (S), and shipping (O). For example, after the arrival at the installation place on the ocean, the floating body This includes equipment that is installed on the bottom of the equipment, equipment that is mounted on a jacket, and equipment that does not have storage equipment (S) and that does not have production function (P).

  In order to clarify the difference between the present invention and the prior art, a prior art floating equipment 1X as shown in FIG. 6 will be described first. The floating equipment 1X is a modification of a typical large crude oil tanker (VLCC), and includes a bottom 11, a ship side skin 12, a front structure (not shown), a rear structure (stern: It consists of a tanker-shaped floating body structure 10X and a top side 20 of the floating body facility, which are surrounded by a floating structure (not shown). Since this floating equipment 1X is a modification of a large crude oil tanker, the support structure 17 is provided on the deck 15 above the floating structure 10X, and the top side 20 is provided thereon. The position of the center of gravity has become high.

  As an example of the size of this floating equipment 1X, for example, a light load amount of about 50,000 tons (weight tons), a hull length of about 340 m, a tank section length of about 200 m, a hull width of about 58 m, and a dry The dredging is about 10m, the draft is about 23m, and the hull height is about 33m.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, a floating body facility 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a floating body structure 10 and a top side 20 of the floating body facility. The modular topside module 21 is mounted on the deck 15 of the floating structure 10, and the floating facility 1 is constructed.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 4, and 5, the floating structure 10 includes a ship bottom portion 11, a ship side outer plate portion 12, a front structure portion (a bow) that is a hull structure as a structure as a floating body. Part) 13 and a rear structure part (stern part) 14. These structures are the same as in the prior art. The top side 20 is a production facility called a process, and is composed of main equipment such as an oil treatment facility, a gas treatment facility, a water treatment facility, a power generation facility, and a control system.

  With respect to the rear structure section 14, the floating body facility 1 is divided into a residential area and a production / storage plant area, and the residential area is provided in the rear structure section 14, so that the floating structure can be provided without mooring the rear structure section 14. When the part except the rear structure part 14 is moored in the facility 1 and the rear structure part 14 is detachably connected to the floating body equipment 1 of the part excluding the rear structure part 14, Since the time can be set after the top side module 21 is mounted, the degree of freedom in the construction process is increased. In addition, in the event of stormy weather such as a typhoon or emergency such as a fire, the crew members are easily and quickly scattered by detaching the rear structure 14 with this residential area. To be able to.

  As an example of the size of the floating equipment 1, for example, a light load amount of about 50,000 tons (weight tons), a hull length of about 160 m, a tank section length of about 150 m, a hull width of about 60 m, and a dry The dredging is about 10m, the draft is about 34m, and the hull height is about 44m.

  In the present invention, a deck 15 (deck) for mounting a top side module 21 obtained by modularizing the top side 20 is provided, and a floating body is provided on both sides of the deck 15 in the width direction (Y direction) of the floating body structure 10. The structure 10 includes a guide wall 16 extending in the front-rear direction (X direction). That is, the deck 15 of the floating structure 10 is configured to have the guide walls 16 on both sides, and the cross-sectional shape of the floating structure 10 is open at the top by the deck 15 and the guide walls 16 on both sides. It is formed in a concave shape. Note that the guide wall 16 may be used as a ballast tank or the like by forming it in a tank shape having a certain amount of internal space instead of a simple wall.

  Alternatively, instead of providing the guide wall 16, the deck 15 on which the top side module 21 in the floating structure 10 is mounted is set lower than the ship side skin 12 of the floating structure 10, and the cross section of the floating structure 10 The top 15 is formed on the deck 15 between the ship side skins 12 by forming the shape into a concave shape with the upper part opened by the deck 15 and the ship side skins 12 on both sides. May be.

  In other words, in place of the guide wall 16, the ship-side outer plate 12 portion (including not only one structure but also two double structures) can exhibit substantially the same effect as the guide wall 16. However, in this case, the position of the deck 15 is lower than the height of the ship side skin 12.

  The deck 15 is a deck on which the top side module 21 is placed, and a storage tank, a machine room, and the like are arranged below the deck 15 as necessary, though not shown. When the top side module 21 is placed on the upper surface of the deck 15 and moved, the rail 15a on which the top side module 21 rides is configured to support the top side module 21 at a relatively low position. The top side module 21 can be delivered from the quay 30 or the carrier boat 40 at a low position.

In addition, since the top side module 21 is mounted between the guide wall 16 or the ship side skin 12, the guide wall 16 or the ship side skin 12 in this mounting places the top side module 21 in the horizontal direction. It becomes at least one of a guide or a support when moving and mounting.
When the guide wall 16 is provided to form a concave shape, the position of the guide wall 16 is set in accordance with the width of the top side module 21 to be inserted. However, if the guide wall 16 is provided at a position close to the heel side of the floating structure 10. The width of the top side module 21 can be made a width close to the width of the floating structure 10. Further, the outer side plate of the guide wall 16 and the ship side outer plate part 12 which is the outer plate of the floating structure 10 are configured to be structurally continuous. As a result, the guide wall 16 is firmly integrated with the floating structure 10 and fixedly supported, thereby increasing the structural strength of the guide wall 16.

  When the guide wall 16 is provided to form a concave shape, the guide wall 16 is provided so that the position in the width direction of the guide wall 16, in other words, the distance between the guide walls 16 on both sides can be varied. When the floating structure 10 is provided so as to be movable in the width direction, even when the top side module 21 has a different width, the guide wall 16 is moved according to the width when the top side module 21 is mounted. The top side module 21 can be smoothly mounted on the floating structure 10 and fixed at a predetermined place. The guide wall 16 at this fixed location is fixed to the location when the installation of the top side module 21 is completed. Therefore, in this case, the length of the guide wall 16 in the front-rear direction is determined by the length of the top side module 21. Thereby, since the top side module 21 having various widths can be mounted, it is not necessary to make the width of the top side module 21 constant, and the degree of freedom in designing the top side module 21 is increased. When the width of the top side module 21 is different, the guide wall 16 has a portion having a different width in the front-rear direction.

  When the rail 16a on which the top side module 21 is placed when the top side module 21 is placed and moved on the guide wall 16 or the ship side skin 12 is provided, the top side module 21 is arranged at a relatively high position. Since the side module 21 can be supported, the top side module 21 can be delivered from the quay 30 or the carrier boat 40 at a high position.

  A side surface of the top side module 21 when the top side module 21 is placed and moved by arranging a single guide rail 16b or a plurality of guide rails 16b in the vertical direction on the inner side surface of the guide wall 16 or the ship side skin 12. It is preferable that the side is guided by the rail 16b and thereby smoothly moved while suppressing lateral blur of the top side module 21 in the lateral direction.

  When the top side module 21 is moved horizontally and mounted on the deck 15, when using a truck, the rails 15a and 16a can be used as rails on which the truck wheels are mounted. In the case of a cart that is not used, the rails 15a and 16a are not necessary, but in this case as well, they can be used as guide rails.

  By providing the guide wall 16, the guide wall 16 can be used as a guide when the top side module 21 slides horizontally, or the upper surface of the guide wall 16 can be a part of the slide surface of the top side module 21 or Since it can be used as a whole, the top side module 21 can be mounted on the floating structure 10 with a simple configuration while preventing the top side module 21 from deviating in the lateral direction.

  Moreover, when the guide wall 16 or the ship side skin | plate part 12 is comprised so that it may be a part or all of the support body of the top side module 21 when mounting and moving the top side module 21 in the upper part. Since the top side module 21 can be supported by other than the deck 15, the load on the top side module 21 can be dispersed and the load on the deck 15 can be reduced.

  Further, the deck 16 around the hull center line of the floating structure 10 is configured to be lower than the height of the both sides formed by the guide wall 16 or the ship side skin 12 so that the height of the portion of the deck 15 is set to the top side. The height of the shore quay 30 on which the module 21 is built and the height of the deck 41 of the carrier boat 40 on which the top side module 21 is mounted can be adjusted, or the height of the center of gravity of the top side module 21 can be adjusted. It may be arranged near the height of the center of gravity of the floating structure 10.

  In addition, since the lateral force acting on the top side module 21 can be easily received by the guide wall 16 of the floating structure 10 or the ship side skin 12, during operation of the floating facility 1. However, with this structure, it is possible to reduce the weight and cost of the structure for withstanding the force applied by the roll motion of the floating structure 10.

  In other words, the center of gravity of the top side 20 can be lowered, and consequently the center of gravity of the entire floating body facility 1 can be lowered, and thereby the restoring force of the floating body facility 1 can be increased. Furthermore, since the top side module 21 is supported from the side near the center of gravity, the structural strength necessary for the roll of the top side module 21 can be reduced, and it is necessary only for hanging without being suspended. The strength that has been reduced also decreases, and the lighter structure can be achieved by combining both of them, and the weight can be reduced and the cost can be reduced.

  When at least one of the top side modules 21 is 2,000 tons (2,000 tons) or more and 100,000 tons (100,000 tons) or less by weight, the following effects can be exhibited. It becomes like this.

  That is, since the top side module 21 is very large, the dividing line of the top side module 21 can be matched with the functional dividing line. In addition, since the size of the top side module 21 need not be taken into consideration, the size, shape, and weight of the top side module 21 are limited, and the width of the top side module 21 is close to the width of the floating structure 10 in the width direction. Since it can be expanded to a size, and mounted devices and equipment can be stacked in the height direction, it is possible to prevent the front and rear direction from becoming unnecessarily long.

  Thereby, since the height direction can be utilized, the mounted equipment does not spread in the horizontal direction, so that the total length of pipes connecting the mounted equipment can be reduced. In addition, since the top side module 21 is not installed in an unnecessarily long area in the front and rear, the phenomenon that the pipe length becomes unsuitable due to thermal expansion or the like is reduced, and it is unnecessary to absorb the expansion and contraction of the pipe called an expansion loop. It is possible to reduce the loop to be bypassed.

  Also, in terms of construction, the top side module 21 is enlarged, so that the pipe connection work in the floating structure 10 in the state of floating on the ocean is greatly reduced compared to a combination of small modules. The troublesomeness of manufacturing after surveying on-site connection piping is greatly reduced. Furthermore, since the module unit becomes large, it becomes easy to realize automatic operation of the top side 20 and advanced IT utilization.

  In addition, with regard to the integration in which a plurality of different elements are combined and function as a single unit with respect to the devices and devices on the top side 20, the integration work performed on the shipyard side after the top side module 21 is mounted on the floating structure 10 is greatly increased. Can be reduced. Conventionally, the test of the top side 20 that is not possible unless the module unit is small and piping is finished can be performed not in the shipyard but in the top side construction yard that is excellent in handling the top side 20. That is, since the work of the top side 20 can be completed on the module construction yard side where the top side 20 is good, it is not carried over to the shipyard side where the integration is performed.

  If the floating structure 10 is configured with the rear structure 14 removed from the rear portion of the floating facility 1, the floating structure 10 of the floating facility 1 according to this embodiment is easily formed in the construction process. Can do. That is, by the separation of the rear structure portion 14, it is possible to realize the mounting of the top side module 21 in the front-rear direction from the rear of the floating structure 10.

  Next, the construction method of the floating facility according to the present invention will be described. In this floating equipment construction method, a part or all of the top side 20 of the floating equipment 1 is modularized, and the modularized top side module 21 is mounted on the floating structure 10 of the floating equipment 1 so that the floating equipment 1 It is a construction method of the floating equipment that builds.

  In the present invention, in the construction method of the floating body facility, in the state where the floating body structure 10 is levitated, from the quay 30 on which the top side module 21 is arranged, or the transportation in which the top side module 21 is mounted. The method includes a step of mounting the top side module 21 on the floating structure 1 by moving the top side module 21 in the horizontal direction from the top of the carriage 40.

  According to this construction method of the floating equipment, the top side module 21 does not use a lifting operation in a crane ship or the like, and is called a horizontal movement called skid-on type skid or a horizontal direction called loading of a roll-on type. Is mounted on the floating structure 10 by sliding or the like. Accordingly, since the top side module 21 is not lifted, it is not necessary to design for the load applied during lifting, and the weight and cost can be reduced.

  Further, it is mounted on the deck 15 of the floating structure 10 or on the rails 15a, 16a provided on the guide wall 16 by moving with slides or wheels directly or indirectly via a carriage or the like. Therefore, there are no restrictions on the height, width, and length when hanging with a crane, and the top side module 21 can be enlarged.

  More specifically, in the method of constructing the floating facility according to the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the step of constructing the top side module 21 on land, and the top side module 21 as a carrier The horizontal side movement of the top side module 21 mounted on the transport carrier 40 and the horizontal movement of the top side module 21 mounted on the transport carrier 40 allow the top side module 21 to move from the rear side or the front side of the floating body structure 10. 10 is installed.

  In the construction method of the floating facility according to the first embodiment, since the transport carrier 40 is interposed in the movement of the top side module 21, even when the top side module 21 is constructed on the shallow quay 30 land, It is possible to easily mount the top side module 21 on the floating structure 10 of the draft deeper than the depth of the quay 30. That is, the top side module 21 can be mounted on the floating structure 10 by moving in the horizontal direction regardless of the draft of the floating structure 10. Therefore, since only the carrier boat 40 is used, there is only a general carrier boat, and an expensive crane boat is not necessary.

  Moreover, in the construction method of the floating facility of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the top side module 21 is built on land, and the top side module 21 is moved horizontally from the quay 30 to The side module 21 is mounted on the floating structure 10 from behind or in front of the floating structure 10.

  In the construction method of the floating facility according to the second embodiment, when the top side module 21 is constructed on the shore of the quay 30 having a deep depth, the depth of the quay 30 is not provided without the carrier boat 40 interposed. Since it is mounted on the floating body structure 10 having a shallower draft, the working efficiency can be remarkably improved as compared with the case where the transport carrier 40 is interposed.

  In this case, the floating body structure 10 is configured as a sinking barge as necessary, and the height of the deck 15 or the height of the upper surface of the guide wall 16 is reduced by sinking. The top side module 21 may be mounted by skidding or a roll-on method so as to be approximately matched to the height.

  Further, when the top side module 21 in the floating structure 10 is mounted, the top side module 21 is mounted in or in the internal space serving as a cargo tank between the deck 15 and the ship bottom 11 of the floating structure 10. When the floating structure 0 is sunk by placing ballast water in a bag-like tank (not shown) for the cargo tank, the height of the deck 15 is easily lowered sufficiently when the top side module 21 is mounted. Accordingly, the horizontal movement mounting of the top side module 21 can be realized. In this case, if a bag-like tank (bag) is placed inside the cargo tank that contains crude oil, etc., and ballast water is put into this bag-like tank, the ballast water will come into contact with the steel material that is the structural member around the cargo tank. Disappears.

  In the floating equipment construction method according to the first and second embodiments, the top side module 21 is moved from the rear or the front of the floating structure 10, in other words, by moving the floating structure 10 in the front-rear direction. Since it is mounted on the body 10, this ensures that the posture of the floating structure 10 during mounting is adjusted by a vertical inclination (trim) that is relatively easier to adjust than the horizontal inclination (heel), so there is a risk of rollover. As compared with the case where the top side module 21 is mounted from the lateral direction (width direction) of the floating structure 10, the safety in the mounting operation can be remarkably improved.

  Further, guide walls 16 extending in the front-rear direction of the floating structure 10 are provided on both sides of the deck 15 on which the top side module 21 is mounted in the floating structure 10, and the top side module 21 is mounted between these guide walls 16. Alternatively, the deck 15 on which the top side module 21 in the floating structure 10 is mounted is installed lower than the ship-side skin 12 of the floating structure 10, and the deck 15 between these ship-side skins 12 is provided. When the top side module 21 is mounted on the top, the guide wall 16 or the ship side skin 12 can be used as a guide when the top side module 21 slides, or the guide wall 16 or the ship side skin 12 can be When the upper surface is used as a part or all of the sliding surface of the top side module 21, this allows the top to be configured with a simple configuration. While preventing deviation in the lateral direction of the id module 21 can be mounted on the topside module 21 to the floating structure 10.

  Further, the deck 15 around the hull center line of the floating structure 10 is configured to be lower than both sides so that the height of the deck 15 is set to the height of the land quay 30 where the top side module 21 is constructed or the top side. The height of the deck of the carrier boat 40 carrying the module 21 is adjusted. Further, the height of the center of gravity of the top side module 21 can be arranged in the vicinity of the height of the center of gravity of the floating structure 10.

  Further, since the top side module 21 is supported from the side near the center of gravity, the structural strength necessary for the roll of the top side module 21 can be reduced, and it is only required for being suspended by not being suspended. The strength that has been reduced also decreases, and the lighter structure can be achieved by combining both of them, and the weight can be reduced and the cost can be reduced.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1X Floating body equipment 10, 10X Floating structure 11 Ship bottom part 12 Ship side outer plate part 13 Front structure part (bow part)
14 Rear structure (stern)
15 deck 15a rail 16 guide wall 16a rail 20 top side 21 top side module 30 quay 40 transport carrier

Claims (11)

  In the construction method of a floating body facility, a part or all of the top side of the floating body facility is modularized, and the modular topside module is mounted on the floating body structure of the floating body facility to construct the floating body facility. The top side module is moved in a horizontal direction from a quay where the top side module is arranged or from a carrier ship on which the top side module is mounted in a state where the structure is floating. A method of constructing a floating facility comprising the step of mounting the top side module on the floating structure.   A step of constructing the top side module on land, a step of mounting the top side module on a carrier ship in a horizontal direction, and moving the top side module mounted on the carrier ship in a horizontal direction. The method for building a floating facility according to claim 1, further comprising a step of mounting the top side module on the floating structure from the rear or the front of the floating structure.   The step of building the top side module on land, and the step of mounting the top side module on the floating structure from the rear or front of the floating structure by moving the top side module horizontally from the quay The method for constructing a floating facility according to claim 1, comprising:   A guide wall extending in the front-rear direction of the floating structure is provided on both sides of a deck on which the top side module is mounted in the floating structure, and the top side module is mounted between the guide walls. The construction method of the floating equipment of any one of Claims 1-3.   The deck for mounting the top side module in the floating structure is installed lower than the ship side skin part of the floating structure, and the top side module is mounted on the deck between these ship side skin parts. The construction method of the floating equipment of any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned.   When mounting the top side module in the floating structure, ballast water is put into the interior of the cargo tank of the floating structure or the bag-shaped tank mounted on the cargo tank to sink the floating structure. The construction method of the floating equipment of any one of Claims 1-5 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The method for constructing a floating facility according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein at least one of the top side modules has a weight of 2,000 tons or more and 100,000 tons or less. A floating body structure of a floating equipment when a part or all of the top side of the floating equipment is modularized, and the modular top side module is mounted on the floating structure of the floating equipment to construct the floating equipment. ,
At least one of a guide and a support when moving and mounting the top side module horizontally on both sides in the width direction of the floating structure of the deck on which the top side module is mounted, and the floating structure A floating structure of a floating facility, wherein a guide wall extending in the front-rear direction is provided upright.   The floating structure of the floating equipment according to claim 8, wherein a rail on which the top side module is placed when the top side module is placed and moved is provided on an upper portion of the guide wall.   10. The floating equipment according to claim 8, wherein a rail on which the top side module is mounted when the top side module is placed and moved on an upper surface of a deck on which the top side module is mounted is provided. Floating structure.   The floating structure of the floating equipment according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein a rear structure is removed from a rear portion of the floating equipment.

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