JP2017091890A - 非水電解液二次電池セル及びこれを用いた組電池 - Google Patents
非水電解液二次電池セル及びこれを用いた組電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2017091890A JP2017091890A JP2015222522A JP2015222522A JP2017091890A JP 2017091890 A JP2017091890 A JP 2017091890A JP 2015222522 A JP2015222522 A JP 2015222522A JP 2015222522 A JP2015222522 A JP 2015222522A JP 2017091890 A JP2017091890 A JP 2017091890A
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Abstract
Description
安全性を損なう原因には、まず一つ目はセパレーターの電解質の液漏れがある。液漏れがあると溶質の六フッ化リン酸リチウムは水で分解し、人体に毒であるフッ酸を放出し、かつ引火性もあり、非常に危険である。また、二つ目は過充電の恐れがある。過充電状態では正極物質から酸素(O)が放出され、発火の原因となる。さらに、三つ目は短絡の恐れがある。短絡が発生すると急速にセル内が高温になり、発火に至る恐れがある。この短絡には内部短絡と外部短絡があり、内部短絡は製造過程での金属性の混入物により、短絡が生じるが、現在では工場での管理が行き届き内部短絡の恐れはない。一方、外部短絡のおそれは依然としてある。
複数のリード線を介して正極及び/又は負極のターミナルに接続しているため、内部で発生する熱は正極又は負極のターミナル1、2に伝搬され、これらのターミナル1,2と一体なフランジ3、4、更にはラミネートフィルム9から成る電池セルAの表面全体で放熱され、温度上昇を抑えることができる。
電流を遮断する。
B 非水電解液二次電池セル
1 ターミナル 2 ターミナル
3 フランジ 4 フランジ
5 芯材 6 セル基本部材
6a 集電体
7 導電・熱伝導体 8 導電・熱伝導体
9 ラミネートフィルム 10 第1の嵌合体
11 第2の嵌合体 12 温度センサー
13 電圧センサー 14 バランサー
14a 電力消費用抵抗器 15 ツェナー・ダイオード
15a 抵抗器 16 リード線
17 断熱材 18 PTC素子
19 信号送受信機 20 信号線
21 信号線 22 絶縁熱伝導体
23 絶縁熱伝導体 24 パワー用ケーブル
25 パワー用ケーブル
Claims (14)
- 非水電解液二次電池において、
セル自体を円筒又は丸みを帯びた角筒形状とし、
当該セルの中心に円形乃至四角形の断面を有する中空筒状の絶縁体でかつ電解質の透過を防ぐことができる固い芯材が設けられ、
当該芯材の中空部内に、当該セルの電圧センサー、温度センサー及びバランサーを取付けたセルモニタリングシステムが設けられ、
前記芯材を軸として非水電解液二次電池の正極部材、セパレーター及び負極部材から成るセル基本部材が捲回乃至積層され、前記正極部材の集電体又は負極部材の集電体と電気的に接続された導電性のターミナルが当該セルの外部に露出してそれぞれ設けられ、
前記セルモニタリングシステムの温度センサーは前記芯材の中空部の中央部に当該芯材に密着して取り付けられ、前記バランサーで発生する熱を正極又は負極のターミナルを介して放熱させる回線が接続された構成であることを特徴とする、非水電解液二次電池セル。 - 前記セルモニタリングシステムの中に、過充電時に過剰な電力を消費するツェナー・ダイオードを設け、当該ツェナー・ダイオードで発生する熱を前記正極又は負極のターミナルを介して放熱させる回線が接続された構成であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の非水電解液二次電池セル。
- 前記ターミナルは正極用及び負極用として前記芯材の両端に、当該芯材と同軸上にそれぞれ設けられ、これらのターミナルに向けて、前記正極及び負極の集電体が相互に反対側に延伸され、これらがそれぞれ正極及び負極のターミナルに直接電気的及び熱伝導的に接続されたことを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の非水電解液二次電池セル。
- 前記正極及び負極のターミナルを中心とし、前記捲回乃至積層された正極部材、セパレーター及び負極部材から成るセル基本部材の両端を被う、前記各ターミナルと同一材料のフランジが前記各ターミナルと一体に設けられ、当該各フランジの外周縁には、当該セルの中心に向けた折返し縁が設けられ、両側の各フランジの折返し縁に両端を接着し、当該セルを被い、セル内の電解質が外部に漏れることを防ぐラミネートフィルムが取付けられたことを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の非水電解液二次電池セル。
- 前記正極用のターミナルの外側先端部には第1の嵌合体が設けられ、前記負極用のターミナルの外側先端部には前記第1の嵌合体と嵌合する第2の嵌合体が設けられていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の非水電解液二次電池セル。
- 前記第1の嵌合体と前記第2の嵌合体の嵌合部分に電蝕を防止するメッキが施されていることを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の非水電解液二次電池セル。
- 前記正極用又は負極用のターミナルと集電体の間には温度によって抵抗値が急激に上昇する素子が取り付けられ、当該素子により当該電池セル内の温度上昇があった時に、当該電池セルと他の電池セルとの間を流れる電流を遮断する機能を有する構成であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の非水電解液二次電池セル。
- 前記ターミナル、抵抗値が急激に上昇する素子、及び集電体の各接触部分に電蝕を防止するメッキが施されていることを特徴とする、請求項7に記載の非水電解液二次電池セル。
- 前記セル基本部材の電解質はゲル状とし、当該ゲル状の電解質が前記セル基本部材の正極活物質及び負極活物質の外周面にそれぞれ塗布されていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の非水電解液二次電池セル。
- 前記セルモニタリングシステムからの温度センサー、及び電圧センサーの測定情報信号を、当該電池セルの外部に発信し、又はセル外部からの信号を前記セルモニタリングシステムに伝えるための手段は、正極又は負極のターミナルを通した有線通信、又は電波を用いる無線通信技術により構成としたことを特徴とする、請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載の非水電解液二次電池セル。
- セルモニタリングシステムからの温度センサー、及び電圧センサーの測定情報信号を、当該電池セルの外部に発信し、又はセル外部からの信号を前記セルモニタリングシステムに伝えるための手段は、前記正極又は負極のターミナルの中心であって、当該ターミナルの同軸上に細い穴があけられ、当該穴内に非金属製で電波をよく透過させる材料が埋められ、当該材料を介して、前記セルモニタリングシステムからの温度センサー、及び電圧センサーの測定情報信号を当該電池の外部に発信し、又は電池外部からの信号を前記セルモニタリングシステムに伝えるスペクトル拡散技術による信号送受信機能を持たせたことを特徴とする、請求項10に記載の非水電解液二次電池セル。
- 一つ又は複数の非水電解液二次電池セルからの信号で時分割多重又はスペクトル拡散技術による多重化技術を使った有線又は無線通信による信号送受信機能を持たせたことを特徴とする、請求項10又は11に記載の非水電解液二次電池セル。
- 請求項5〜12のいずれかに記載の複数の非水電解液二次電池セルが前記第1の嵌合体及び第2の嵌合体により接続された組電池において、当該組電池の正極と負極には前記セルモニタリングシステムで計測される電圧値に基づいて自動的に充電を停止する過充電防止スイッチが取り付けられ、且つ前記ツェナー・ダイオードによる過充電電流の放出が始まる電圧値より0.02V±0.01V低い電圧で前記スイッチが動作する過充電防止装置が取り付けられていることを特徴とする、非水電解液二次電池の組電池。
- 請求項5〜12のいずれかに記載の複数の非水電解液二次電池セルが前記第1の嵌合体及び第2の嵌合体により接続された組電池において、当該組電池の正極或いは負極に電流計が取り付けられ、予め定める電流値より大きな電流が流れた時に、自動的に電流を停止する外部短絡防止スイッチが取り付けられていることを特徴とする、非水電解液二次電池の組電池。
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US15/774,107 US10707542B2 (en) | 2015-11-12 | 2016-11-11 | Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery cell and assembled battery using same |
KR1020187013603A KR20180075551A (ko) | 2015-11-12 | 2016-11-11 | 비수전해액 이차전지 셀 및 이것을 사용한 조전지 |
PCT/JP2016/083556 WO2017082399A1 (ja) | 2015-11-12 | 2016-11-11 | 非水電解液二次電池セル及びこれを用いた組電池 |
EP16864360.9A EP3376582B1 (en) | 2015-11-12 | 2016-11-11 | Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery cell and assembled battery using same |
CN201680065968.XA CN108352578A (zh) | 2015-11-12 | 2016-11-11 | 非水电解液二次电池单元及使用该二次电池单元的电池组 |
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DE102016225691A1 (de) * | 2016-12-20 | 2018-06-21 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Hochvolt-Batterie für ein Kraftfahrzeug, insbesondere für einen Kraftwagen |
KR102394741B1 (ko) * | 2018-11-29 | 2022-05-06 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 열 방출이 개선된 배터리 모듈, 이러한 배터리 모듈을 포함하는 배터리 팩 및 이러한 배터리 팩을 포함하는 자동차 |
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EP3376582A1 (en) | 2018-09-19 |
CN108352578A (zh) | 2018-07-31 |
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