JP2017087284A - Linear friction joint device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a linear friction joint device which enables high accuracy joint by enhancing a measuring accuracy by a load sensor.SOLUTION: A linear friction joint device 10 comprises a pressing mechanism 14 which presses a disk D onto a blade B. The pressing mechanism 14 comprises: a piston rod 38 which is capable of advancing and retracting in a pressing axial direction; a load sensor 42 which is attached to a disk jig 30 and measures a pressing force; and a support mechanism 41 which is fixed to the disk jig 30 and connected to the piston rod 38, and bears a moment load received from the piston rod 38. The support mechanism 41 comprises a base member 43 fixed to the disk jig 30, and a support member 46. The support member 46 has a pressing force transmission part 46v located between the load sensor 42 and the piston rod 38, and is so engaged with the base member 43 as to be capable of advancing and retracting in the pressing axial direction and connected to a tip 38t of the piston rod 38.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a linear friction welding apparatus that includes a pressing mechanism that presses one member against another member, and that frictionally bonds by pressing while causing relative vibration movement between the one member and the other member.

  In recent years, linear friction welding apparatuses have been used. The linear friction welding apparatus includes a pressing mechanism that presses the other member against one member, and causes relative vibration movement between the one member and the other member in a direction perpendicular to the pressing axis of the pressing mechanism. It is a device that frictionally joins each other.

  The linear friction welding apparatus is particularly effective from the viewpoint of manufacturing a product with improved material utilization efficiency, mechanical strength, and light weight. For example, when manufacturing an integrated impeller (Blisk, which has a disc and blade in an integrated structure), if it is formed by cutting out from the material, a large amount of chips are generated. There is an advantage that the utilization efficiency of the material can be increased by integrating the disc and the blade formed separately by linear friction bonding (for example, see Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Laid-open No. 2000-14161

  Here, in the linear friction welding apparatus, it is important to control the pressing force for pressing the two members against each other. For this reason, a pressing force acting between two members is measured with this load sensor by interposing a load sensor in the pressing direction, and the pressing mechanism is set so that the measured value becomes a set value based on the obtained measured value. I have control.

  However, since the downward load and moment load (bending moment) acting on the load sensor are large, it is difficult to accurately measure the pressing force actually acting between the two members. It is a hindrance to letting.

  In recent years, members (for example, blades to be bonded to a disk) to be bonded by a linear friction bonding apparatus have become larger in size, and the margin of such a member or a member holding member (for example, a disk jig for holding a disk) has been increased. Considering replacement and the like, a long pressing force applying member (for example, a piston rod) that presses the holding jig toward the load sensor is becoming longer and longer. For this reason, the downward load and the moment load acting on the load sensor are increasing, and the solution of this problem is urgently needed.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the said subject, and makes it a subject to provide the linear friction welding apparatus which enabled high precision joining by raising the measurement precision by a load sensor.

  The linear friction welding apparatus according to the present invention includes a pressing mechanism that presses the other member against one member, and vibrates the one holding member that holds the one member, whereby the one member and the other member A linear friction welding apparatus that frictionally joins by pressing with the pressing mechanism while causing relative vibration movement, and the pressing mechanism includes a pressing force applying member that can advance and retreat in the pressing axis direction, and the other A load sensor that holds the member and is attached to the other holding member capable of moving back and forth in the pressing axis direction, measures a pressing force in the pressing axis direction, is fixed to the other holding member and is connected to the pressing force applying member, A support mechanism for supporting a moment load received from the pressing force applying member, the support mechanism including a base member fixed to the other holding member, the load sensor, and the pressing force. A supporting member that has a pressing force transmitting portion disposed between the pressing member, engages with the base member so as to be able to advance and retreat in the pressing axis direction, and is connected to a tip portion of the pressing force applying member; It is characterized by providing.

  In the linear friction welding apparatus according to the present invention, when the pressing force applying member is extended, the pressing force applying member does not press the load sensor but presses the pressing force transmitting portion of the supporting member constituting the supporting mechanism. . Therefore, the moment load (bending moment) and the downward load generated in the pressing force applying member as the pressing force applying member extends are mainly applied to the support member, and further applied from the base member to the other holding member to be supported. It is hardly added to the load sensor. Therefore, it can be set as the linear friction welding apparatus which enabled high precision joining by raising the measurement precision by a load sensor.

  In addition, when the support mechanism includes a linear guide, the support mechanism can have a simple configuration and high measurement accuracy.

  Further, when the pressing mechanism includes a piston rod as the pressing force applying member, the configuration of the pressing mechanism is simple.

  Further, when the one member is a blade constituting a blisk and the other member is a disk constituting the blisk, high-precision joining is possible when linearly friction-joining the blade and the disk.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it can be set as the linear friction welding apparatus which enabled high precision joining by raising the measurement precision by a load sensor.

It is a front view explaining the structure of the linear friction welding apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention (mounting position). It is a front view explaining the composition of the linear friction welding device concerning one embodiment of the present invention (joining operation position). It is a typical perspective view explaining the structure of the linear friction welding apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention (joining operation state). It is a partial expansion perspective view of the blisk manufactured with the linear friction welding apparatus concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a typical front view explaining the principal part of the linear friction welding apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a front view explaining an example of the conventional linear friction welding apparatus.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, the same or similar parts are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted as appropriate. The following embodiments are exemplifications for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention are described below in terms of the material, shape, structure, arrangement, etc. of the components. It is not something specific. For example, the present invention can be applied to members other than those constituting the blisk (integrated impeller). In addition, the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented with various modifications without departing from the scope of the invention.

  Hereinafter, as a linear friction welding apparatus, a linear friction welding apparatus that frictionally bonds a blade constituting a blisk and a disk jig constituting the blisk will be described as an example.

  As shown in FIGS. 1-5, the linear friction welding apparatus 10 which concerns on one Embodiment (henceforth this embodiment) of this invention is equipped with the braid | blade B (one member) and the disk D (other member). The pressing mechanism 14 that presses each other, the excitation shaft Q is formed in a direction orthogonal to the pressing axis P (work joint axis) of the pressing mechanism 14, and the blade B and the disk D are excited by exciting the blade B in the direction of the excitation axis. And a vibration mechanism 16 that causes the relative vibration movement of. The vibration mechanism 16 is disposed below the intersection C between the pressing shaft P and the vibration shaft Q (for example, disposed on the base portion 18). In the present embodiment, the pressing shaft P faces the horizontal direction, and the excitation shaft Q faces the vertical direction.

  In this embodiment, the linear friction welding apparatus 10 includes a slider 22 (see FIGS. 1, 2, and 4) that can move in the vertical direction while holding a blade jig 20 (one holding member) that holds the blade B. The bearing mechanism 24 that receives the pressing force in the direction of the pressing axis received by the slider 22 from the pressing mechanism 14 via the blade B, and the control unit 28 that controls each part operated when performing linear friction welding (see FIG. 3). And comprising.

  In the present embodiment, the base portion 18 has a flat table shape, and is installed on the installation floor surface of the linear friction welding apparatus 10 via an interference mechanism. The blade jig 20 is detachably fixed to the slider 22 with a bolt or the like.

  Further, the bearing mechanism 24 includes a hydrostatic bearing 25, and the hydrostatic bearing 25 receives the pressing force received by the slider 22. Further, since the vibration mechanism 16 is disposed below the intersection C between the pressing shaft P and the vibration shaft Q, the bearing mechanism 24 is positioned above the vibration mechanism 16.

  The vibration mechanism 16 includes a vibration cylinder 17 that contacts the blade jig 20 from below. Therefore, the blade jig 20 is held by the slider 22 on the side and is in contact with the vibration cylinder 17 on the lower side.

(Slider and fall prevention mechanism)
As shown in FIG. 2, the slider 22 has an abutting surface portion 22 s with which the blade jig 20 abuts on the front side. The contact surface portion 22 s has a groove (not shown) for positioning with respect to the blade jig 20.

  Further, the front surface side of the housing of the hydrostatic bearing 25 is opened so that the contact surface portion 22s of the slider 22 to the blade jig 20 is exposed. The front surface position of the contact surface portion 22s is slightly protruded toward the blade jig 20 side from the front surface side of the housing of the hydrostatic bearing 25. The thickness of the slider 22 is set to a thickness that can sufficiently withstand the pressing force from the pressing mechanism 14.

(Pressing mechanism)
The pressing mechanism 14 includes the blade jig 20 described above, a disk jig 30 (the other holding member) that holds the disk D (the other member), a transport base 32 on which the disk jig 30 is placed and fixed, and a mounting mechanism. From the position (the position at which the disk jig 30 is placed on the carriage 32 and the position where the blisk obtained by completing all the joining operations is taken out) And a rail 34 arranged so as to guide the conveying table 32 to a position where the blade B is in contact with the blade B and performs a linear friction welding operation.

  The disk jig 30 incorporates a rotary actuator 36 (see FIG. 3), and when performing linear friction welding, the controller 28 controls the disk D by one pitch, which is the interval between adjacent blades. It is controlled to rotate in the circumferential direction.

  The pressing mechanism 14 is disposed on the piston rod 38 (pressing force applying member) capable of moving back and forth in the direction of the pressing shaft P, the cylinder 40 for moving the piston rod 38 back and forth, and the pressing shaft P. And a load sensor 42 for measuring the pressing force. In the present embodiment, a load sensor 42 is attached to the piston rod side of the disc jig 30.

  Furthermore, the pressing mechanism 14 includes a support mechanism 41 that is fixed to the disk jig 30 and connected to the piston rod 38 and supports a moment load received from the piston rod 38. In the present embodiment, the support mechanism 41 includes a linear guide 41r.

  The linear guide 41r includes a base member 43 fixed to the piston rod side of the disk jig 30, and a block 45 that slides and engages with a guide rail portion 43g that extends in the direction of the pressing axis P on the upper side of the base member 43. And a supporting member 46 having the same.

  The support member 46 is L-shaped in a side view, and includes an engaging portion 46h having a block 45 and a flat pressing force transmitting portion 46v extending upward from the engaging portion 46h. The distal end portion 38t of the piston rod 38 and the outer surface portion 46s of the pressing force transmitting portion 46v are connected by the connecting tool 44. The pressing force transmission part 46v is located between the load sensor 42 and the piston rod 38.

  With this configuration, when the blade B and the disk D are in contact with each other at the joining work position, the pressing force of the piston rod 38 changes, whereby the pressing force that presses the disk D against the blade B is changed to the pressing force transmission unit 46v. And it changes via the load sensor 42. Further, the load sensor 42 transmits the measured pressing force to the control unit 28 as a measurement signal.

(Blade and blade jig)
The blade B includes a blade body Bm and a held portion Bb for clamping formed on the base end side of the blade body Bm. At the end of the blade body Bm on the base end side, a bonded surface Bj for friction bonding that is located inside the held portion Bb when viewed from the blade base side in the blade length direction X is formed. This joined surface Bj is frictionally joined to a joining surface Dj (both see FIG. 3) formed on the front end side of the projecting portion Dp disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the disk D.

  Further, the blade B has a rectangular flange portion Br whose outer shape is slightly larger than the held portion Bb on the bonded surface Bj side of the held portion Bb. The held portion Bb and the flange portion Br described above are removed by cutting so that the outer shape of the regular blade B is formed as indicated by the phantom line in FIG.

  The blade body Bm has a curved shape in which the ventral side is concave and the back side is convex. Further, the blade body Bm is twisted over the whole so that the front end of the blade body Bm precedes the blade body Bm in the rotation direction of the blade B rather than the blade base.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the blade jig 20 includes a base block 50, a pair of upper and lower grip blocks 52 a and 52 b that clamp the held portion Bb of the blade B, and a hydraulic cylinder ( (Not shown).

  The above-described blade jig 20 is given a vibration force that reciprocates in the chord direction Y of the blade B by the vibration cylinder 17. The vibration cylinder 17 can be constituted by a hydraulic cylinder or the like.

  In this embodiment, the rotation of the disk D by the rotary actuator 36, the pressing force of the disk jig 30 to the blade jig 20 side by the pressing mechanism 14, the application of the vibration force to the blade jig 20 by the vibration mechanism 16 and the like Controlled by the control unit 28.

  Further, in the linear friction welding apparatus 10 of the present embodiment, the upper grip block 52a of the blade jig 20 can be moved up and down by a hydraulic cylinder, and the upper and lower grip blocks 52a and 52b are in a clamped state of the held portion Bb of the blade B. An unclamped state can be achieved. Therefore, by automating the supply of the blade B to the blade jig 20, it is possible to automate the entire friction welding of the blade B to the disk D.

(Function, effect)
Hereinafter, the operation and effect of the present embodiment will be described. In the present embodiment, the disk jig 30 is moved to the blade jig 20 side by extending the piston rod 38. Here, when the piston rod 38 extends, the support member 46 slides to the disc jig 30 side along the guide rail portion 43g, and the support member 46 and the load sensor 42 that come into contact with the tip of the load sensor 42 are moved. Accordingly, the disk jig 30 is pressed and moved toward the blade jig 20.

  Then, the angle around the central axis of the disk D is adjusted, and the vibrating cylinder 17 is vibrated in the vertical direction, so that the slider 22 is vibrated in the vertical direction, and the piston rod 38 is extended to join the joining surface Dj of the disk D. At the working position, they are brought into contact with the surface to be joined Bj on the blade proximal end side and pressed together. As a result, the joining surface Dj and the joined surface Bj are rubbed with each other in the vertical direction to generate frictional heat, and the portions constituting these surfaces become high temperature and melt.

  In these operations, the piston rod 38 does not press the load sensor 42 but presses the pressing force transmitting portion 46v of the support member 46 constituting the linear guide 41r. Therefore, even if the piston rod 38 extends and a downward load due to the weight of the piston rod 38 is applied to the connector 44, the downward load is mainly applied to the support member 46, and further, the base member 43 and the disk are cured. It is added to and supported by the tool 30 and hardly added to the load sensor 42.

  After the predetermined melting occurs, by stopping the vibration of the vibration cylinder 17 and stopping the vibration of the blade B, the part constituting the joining surface Dj and the part constituting the joined surface Bj are solidified to each other, Blade B is joined to disk D. Note that, when the melting starts, the blade B moves slightly toward the disk D due to the pressing force.

  Thereafter, the holding of the blade B by the slider 22 is released, the piston rod 38 is slightly retracted, the intermediate standby position (the linear friction joining operation of the one blade B to the disk D is completed, and the next blade B is moved to the arrangement position. The disk jig 30 is moved backward with respect to the slider 22 until the disk jig 30 is on standby until it is placed. At the intermediate standby position, the joined blade B is separated from the slider 22, and the disk D is rotatable around the central axis.

  Then, the disk D is rotated around the central axis by a predetermined angle, the joining surface Dj of the next protrusion Dp is reached to the joining work position, and the rotational movement is stopped. In parallel with this rotational movement, the next blade B is held by the upper and lower gripping blocks 52a and 52b (see FIG. 3) so as to be in a clamped state.

  Similarly, while the vibration is applied by the vibration cylinder 17, the piston rod 38 is extended to press the bonded surface Bj of the blade B and the bonded surface Dj of the disk D to generate frictional heat. Perform linear friction welding. In this way, the blade B is sequentially joined to the disk D.

  Thereafter, the held portion Bb and the flange portion Br of each blade B and the portion of the bonded surface Bj where burrs are generated by friction bonding are cut and removed using an end mill or the like until a regular blade profile is obtained. Thereby, a blisk (integrated impeller) in which the disk D and the blade B are integrated is completed.

  As described above, in this embodiment, when the piston rod 38 is extended (advanced), the piston rod 38 does not press the load sensor 42 but presses the support member 46 of the linear guide 41r. ing. Therefore, even if the downward load generated on the piston rod 38 due to the extension of the piston rod 38 is applied to the connector 44, the downward load is mainly applied to the support member 46, and further, the base member 43 and the disc jig. 30 is supported and hardly applied to the load sensor 42. Therefore, in the linear friction welding apparatus 10, the measurement accuracy by the load sensor 42 can be significantly increased as compared with the conventional case. Therefore, the blade B and the disk D constituting the blisk can be friction-joined with significantly high accuracy.

  In addition, since the support mechanism 41 includes the linear guide 41r, a support mechanism with a simple configuration and high measurement accuracy can be provided.

  Further, since the pressing mechanism 14 includes the piston rod 38 as a pressing force applying member, the configuration of the pressing mechanism 14 is simple.

  In this embodiment, the linear guide 41r is used as the support mechanism 41. However, a linear guide member such as a static pressure guide or a roller follower is used as long as the linear guide has the same rigidity and friction coefficient. Also good.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the case where the blade B is frictionally joined from the root to the joining surface Dj of the disk D to newly manufacture the blisk has been described. However, the blisk that has already been formed and part of the blade B is missing. When repairing, when a portion lacking the blade B is cut off and a repairing wing portion is joined, the repair can be performed in the same manner.

<Comparison study example>
FIG. 6 is a front view illustrating an example of a conventional linear friction welding apparatus (hereinafter referred to as a conventional example). In the conventional example, a pressing mechanism 84 that presses the disk against the blade is provided. The pressing mechanism 84 includes a piston rod 88 that can advance and retreat in the pressing axis direction, a load sensor 92 that extends from the disk jig 90 that holds the disk D to the piston rod 88 side, and measures the pressing force in the pressing axis direction, A connecting tool that connects the tip of the piston rod 88 and the tip of the load sensor 92 is provided.

  With this configuration, in the conventional example, the downward load applied to the piston rod 88 due to gravity increases as the extension length of the piston rod 88 increases. Then, this load is directly applied to the load sensor 92 via the coupler. Accordingly, since the moment load M (bending moment) acting on the load sensor 92 and the downward load are large, it is difficult to accurately measure the pressing force actually acting between the blade and the disk. Friction welding is difficult.

  On the other hand, in the linear friction welding apparatus 10 of the above-described embodiment, when the piston rod 38 is extended (advanced), the piston rod 38 does not press the load sensor 42 but the support member 46 of the linear guide 41r. Pressing. Therefore, even if the moment load (bending moment) or the downward load generated on the piston rod 38 increases as the piston rod 38 extends, the moment load or the downward load is mainly applied to the support member 46 and the load sensor 42. Is hardly added. Therefore, in the linear friction welding apparatus 10, the measurement accuracy by the load sensor 42 can be significantly increased as compared with the conventional case, and the blade B and the disk D constituting the blisk can be friction-joined with significantly high accuracy. ing.

10 linear friction welding device 14 pressing mechanism 20 blade jig (one holding member)
30 Disc jig (other holding member)
38 Piston rod (pressing force applying member, piston rod)
38t Tip part 42 Load sensor 41 Support mechanism 41r Linear guide 43 Base member 46 Support member 46h Engagement part 46v Pressing force transmission part B Blade (one member, blade)
D disc (the other member, disc)
P Press shaft

Claims (3)

A pressing mechanism that presses the other member against one member is provided, and the one holding member that holds the one member is vibrated to cause relative vibration movement between the one member and the other member. A linear friction welding device that frictionally bonds by pressing with the pressing mechanism,
The pressing mechanism is
A pressing force applying member capable of moving back and forth in the pressing axis direction;
A load sensor that holds the other member and is attached to the other holding member that can advance and retreat in the pressing axis direction, and measures the pressing force in the pressing axis direction;
A support mechanism fixed to the other holding member and connected to the pressing force applying member to support a moment load received from the pressing force applying member;
With
The support mechanism is
A base member fixed to the other holding member;
It has a pressing force transmission part arranged between the load sensor and the pressing force applying member, and engages with the base member so that it can advance and retreat in the pressing axis direction, and at the tip of the pressing force applying member. A supporting member to be coupled;
A linear friction welding apparatus comprising:   The linear friction welding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the support mechanism includes a linear guide.   The linear friction welding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pressing mechanism includes a piston rod as the pressing force applying member.

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