JP2017072309A - Air-conditioning system for vehicle, vehicle and cooling method of vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an air-conditioning system for a vehicle which can sufficiently supercool a refrigerant which flows out of a water-cooling type condenser, can improve the cooling efficiency of the inside of the vehicle, and can improve the machinability of piping work when mounted to the vehicle, in the air-conditioning system for the vehicle having a water-cooling type condenser for cooling the refrigerant by cooling water for a subradiator and a subcooler, and to provide the vehicle and a cooling method of the vehicle.SOLUTION: An air-conditioning system for a vehicle supercools a refrigerant RG which flows out of a water-cooling type condenser 42a by a supercooler 42c, and the supercooler 42c is constituted of a front-stage supercooler 42ca for supercooling the refrigerant RG which has passed a gas-liquid separator 42b by cooling water Ws, and a rear-stage supercooler 42cb for supercooling the refrigerant RG which has passed a front-stage supercooler 42ca by the refrigerant RG which has passed an evaporator 44. The front-stage supercooler 42ca, the rear-stage supercooler 42cb and the condenser 42a are formed into one module.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle air-conditioning system including a water-cooled condenser and a supercooler that cools a refrigerant with cooling water for a sub radiator, a vehicle, and a vehicle cooling method.

  In general, a vehicle air conditioning system (vehicle air conditioner) includes a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator, and cools the refrigerant with air or cooling water for a sub-radiator. However, the inside of the vehicle is cooled by circulating the compressor, the condenser, the expansion valve, the evaporator, and the compressor in this order.

  In the air-cooled type, this condenser cools a refrigerant having a pressure of 1.5 bar to 2.0 bar in the atmosphere and condenses it in the vicinity of the atmospheric temperature to change from a gas to a liquid. On the other hand, the water-cooled type uses cooling water cooled to a temperature higher by 5 ° C. to 10 ° C. than the atmospheric temperature by a low water temperature type sub-radiator. Therefore, the refrigerant temperature at the outlet of the condenser is higher than that of air cooling. .

  Therefore, it is necessary to expand the sub-radiator in order to lower the cooling water temperature, or to increase the air volume of the cooling fan for sending air to the sub-radiator, to enhance the performance of the cooling pump to increase the cooling water volume, In order to increase the pressure of the compressor, it is necessary to enhance the performance of the compressor or to supercool the refrigerant discharged from the condenser.

  However, compared with the air-cooled type, the water-cooled type does not require the condenser to be placed in front of the vehicle where the traveling wind is likely to hit, and the condenser can be arranged between the sub-radiator and the indoor unit. Has an advantage that the capacitor can be integrated with the indoor unit to be compact.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 6, the water-cooled vehicle air conditioning systems 40X and 40Y are incorporated in the vehicle cooling systems 1X and 1Y, and the cooling water Ws cooled by the sub-radiator 30 is supplied to the pump 31. Then, the refrigerant RG is sent to the condensing devices 42X and 42Y to cool the refrigerant RG, and then returns to the sub-radiator 30. On the other hand, the engine coolant W cooled by the radiator 20 is sent to the engine body 11 by the pump 22 to cool the engine body 11, and then returns to the radiator 20 via the thermostat 23. In addition, the radiator 20 is bypassed by the water temperature of the engine cooling water W.

  As shown in FIG. 4 to FIG. 5 or FIG. 7, in the vehicle air conditioning systems 40X and 40Y, the refrigerant RG is compressed by a compressor 41 into a semi-liquid state that has been heated to high pressure, and the refrigerant RG is converted into a condensing device 42X. , 42Y, the heat is exchanged with the cooling water Ws to condense and liquefy, and the temperature is lowered through the heat exchanger 46, vaporized or atomized by the expansion valve 43, and then passed to the evaporator 44. The refrigerant RG exchanges heat with the surrounding gas at the evaporator 44 to become a low-temperature and low-pressure gas state of several degrees Celsius, and further heat-exchanges with the liquid refrigerant RG before passing through the expansion valve 43 at the heat exchanger 46. Return to 41 and recirculate.

  In the vehicle air-conditioning systems 40X and 40Y, the refrigerant RG is the evaporator 44, and this blown gas is cooled by exchanging heat with the blown gas from a blower fan (not shown) installed around the evaporator 44. The cooled blown gas is supplied to the inside of the vehicle to cool the inside of the vehicle.

  More specifically, in the condensers 42a of the condensing devices 42X and 42Y, the refrigerant RG is cooled by the cooling water Ws to condense and change from gas to liquid. However, a part of the refrigerant RG is not condensed and is not condensed. 3 to 5, a modulator (gas-liquid separation unit) 42b is provided inside the condensing device 42X as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, or separately from the condensing device 42Y as shown in FIG. A receiver (gas-liquid separator) 47 is installed to separate the liquid and the gas so that only the liquid flows into the downstream expansion valve 43.

  Further, in the condensing device 42X, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, a subcool (supercooler) 42c is provided on the downstream side of the modulator 42b, and the refrigerant RG is further cooled with the cooling water Ws, whereby the refrigerant RG Increases the energy (enthalpy) of the. That is, the width of the supercooling step SC shown in FIG. 7 is increased. Further, in the configuration shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, in order to further supercool the refrigerant RG discharged from the condensing device 42X, a refrigerant heat exchanger 46 having a double-pipe structure is further provided. The refrigerant RG that has exited 42X is cooled by the refrigerant RG after passing through the evaporator 44.

  In this connection, a heat exchanger that cools the liquid refrigerant that has been supercooled by the refrigerant condenser (subcool) with the refrigerant that has been cooled to low temperature and low pressure by the evaporator (evaporator) has a double-tube structure. A refrigeration cycle apparatus has been proposed in which a liquid state refrigerant is passed through one first refrigerant flow tube of the double pipe structure and a gaseous state refrigerant is passed through the other second refrigerant flow path (for example, , See Patent Document 1).

  However, when this heat exchanger has a double pipe structure, the heat transfer area is limited, so there is a limit to increasing the degree of supercooling, and the pipe is a special double pipe. Due to the structure, there is a problem that piping work when mounting on a vehicle is specialized and workability is deteriorated.

Japanese Patent No. 4114471

  The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a water-cooled condenser in a water-cooled condenser for cooling a refrigerant with cooling water for a sub-radiator and a sub-cooler. The air conditioning system for a vehicle, the vehicle, which can sufficiently subcool the refrigerant exiting from the vehicle, improve the cooling efficiency inside the vehicle, and improve the workability of piping work when mounted on the vehicle. And it is providing the cooling method of a vehicle.

  In order to achieve the above object, an air conditioning system for a vehicle according to the present invention includes a condenser that cools and condenses a refrigerant with cooling water from a sub-radiator, a gas-liquid separator that separates the condensed refrigerant into gas and liquid, and A condensing device having a supercooler for further supercooling the liquid refrigerant after gas-liquid separation, and circulating the refrigerant in the order of the compressor, the condensing device, the expansion valve, the evaporator, and the compressor. In the vehicle air conditioning system for cooling the interior of the vehicle, the subcooler, the pre-stage subcooler that supercools the refrigerant after passing through the gas-liquid separator with the cooling water, and the pre-stage subcooler And a rear-stage subcooler that supercools the refrigerant that has passed through the evaporator with the refrigerant that has passed through the evaporator, and the front-stage subcooler, the rear-stage subcooler, and the condenser are combined into one module. Composed.

  That is, in the vehicle air conditioning system of the present invention, when supercooling with the gaseous refrigerant after passing through the evaporator, the liquid refrigerant after exiting the water-cooled supercooler in the prior art is the condenser. Instead of using a double-tube structure heat exchanger with a limited heat transfer area formed separately, it is formed with a heat exchanger that can make the heat transfer area of the same type as the condenser sufficiently large A post-supercooler is used.

  According to this configuration, the heat transfer area is increased by using a heat exchanger of the same type as the condenser, such as a multi-plate type or a multi-pipe type, as compared with the conventional liquid gas double-pipe heat exchanger. Since it can be taken, it can be sufficiently subcooled, and since the condenser and one module are used, the whole can be formed compactly and manufacturing is easy. Moreover, the piping work between the condenser, the front-stage subcooler, and the rear-stage subcooler and the piping work of the double-pipe structure at the time of mounting on the vehicle are eliminated, and the workability can be improved. Moreover, it becomes easy to comprise a front | former stage subcooler and a back | latter stage subcooler with the same type heat exchanger as a condenser.

  In the above vehicle air conditioning system, if the condenser, the front-stage subcooler, and the rear-stage subcooler are configured by the same type of heat exchanger, they can be manufactured simultaneously when the condenser is manufactured. In the piping work at the time of mounting on the pipe, it becomes possible to perform the piping work only with the normal cooling water pipe and the refrigerant pipe, so that the workability can be improved.

  Moreover, the vehicle of the present invention for achieving the above object is configured to include the above vehicle air conditioning system, and can achieve the same effects as the above vehicle air conditioning system.

  In addition, the vehicle cooling method of the present invention for achieving the above-described object is the method of condensing the refrigerant that has been made high-pressure and high-temperature by the compressor by cooling with the cooling water from the sub-radiator using the condenser. The liquid refrigerant after the gas-liquid separation is further subcooled by a supercooler, and the supercooled refrigerant is vaporized by passing through an expansion valve and an evaporator. In the vehicle cooling method for recirculating to the compressor and removing heat around the evaporator by vaporizing the refrigerant in the evaporator to cool the interior of the vehicle, the refrigerant that passes through the supercooler, After supercooling with the cooling water by the pre-stage supercooler made into one module with the condenser, and further with supercooled refrigerant after passing through the evaporator with the latter supercooler made into the single module with the condenser. It is a method characterized by cooling. According to this method, the same operational effects as the above-described vehicle air conditioning system can be obtained.

  According to the vehicle air-conditioning system, the vehicle, and the vehicle cooling method of the present invention, in the vehicle air-conditioning system including the water-cooled condenser that cools the refrigerant with the cooling water for the sub-radiator and the sub-cool, the water-cooled condenser is The refrigerant that comes out can be sufficiently subcooled, the cooling efficiency inside the vehicle can be improved, and the workability of piping work when mounted on the vehicle can be improved.

It is a figure showing typically composition of a cooling system of vehicles of an embodiment concerning the present invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the vehicle air conditioning system of FIG. It is a figure which shows typically the structure which provided the modulator in the cooling system of the vehicle which concerns on a prior art. It is a figure which shows typically the structure of the vehicle air conditioning system of FIG. It is a figure which shows typically the structure of the capacitor | condenser of FIG. 4, a modulator, and a subcool. It is a figure which shows typically the structure which provided the receiver in the cooling system of the vehicle which concerns on a prior art. It is a figure which shows the "ph diagram (Mollier diagram)" of a cooling cycle in a vehicle air conditioning system.

  Hereinafter, a vehicle air conditioning system, a vehicle, and a vehicle cooling method according to embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention is configured to include the vehicle air-conditioning system 40 according to the embodiment of the present invention, and has the same effects as the effects exhibited by the vehicle air-conditioning system 40 described later. be able to.

  As shown in FIG. 1, an engine (internal combustion engine) 10 is mounted on a vehicle including a vehicle cooling system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The engine 10 includes an engine body 11, an intake passage 12, an exhaust passage 13, and an EGR passage 14.

  The intake passage 12 is connected to the intake manifold 11a, and in order from the upstream side, an air cleaner 15, an air flow rate (MAF) sensor (not shown), and a compressor of a turbocharger (turbocharger) 16 of a turbocharger system 16S. 16b, a water-cooled intercooler 17 using a cooling water Ws for a sub radiator 30 described later as a cooling medium is provided.

  The exhaust passage 13 is connected to the exhaust manifold 11b, and a turbine 16a of the turbocharger 16 and an exhaust gas purification processing device 18 are provided in order from the upstream side. Further, the EGR passage 14 is provided by connecting the exhaust manifold 11b and the intake manifold 11a, and an EGR valve 14a and an EGR cooler 14b are provided in this order from the upstream side.

  Then, fresh air A introduced from the atmosphere is sent to a combustion chamber (not shown) in the cylinder (cylinder) 10a with EGR gas Ge flowing into the intake manifold 11a from the EGR passage 14 as necessary. The engine 10 is mixed and compressed with fuel injected from a fuel injection device (not shown) in the combustion chamber, and the fuel burns to generate power in the engine 10. Then, the exhaust gas G generated by combustion in the engine 10 flows out to the exhaust manifold 11b, part of which flows as EGR gas Ge into the EGR passage 14, and the remaining exhaust gas Ga (= G-Ge) is exhausted. After flowing into the passage 13 and purified by the exhaust gas purification processing device 18 via the turbine 16a, the exhaust gas Gc is discharged to the atmosphere via a muffler (not shown).

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1, in the main line of the cooling water W including the air-cooled main radiator 20 provided in front of the engine 10 of the vehicle cooling system 1, the engine cooling water W is supplied to the main radiator 20, the pump 22, The engine body 11, a part of which is circulated through the EGR cooler 14b and the thermostat (flow path switching valve) 23 in order, thereby cooling the EGR gas Ge and the like flowing through the engine body 11 and the EGR cooler 14b. The engine cooling water W that has been heated after passing through the engine main body 11 and the EGR cooler 14b is cooled by the main radiator 20 by cooling air (atmosphere) CA generated by a cooling fan 21 provided in the vicinity of the main radiator 20. The

  A sub radiator 30 is provided in front of the main radiator 20. In the cooling water sub-line including the sub-radiator 30, the cooling water Ws is circulated in order through the sub-radiator 30, the pump 31, the water-cooled intercooler 17 and the water-cooled condenser 42 provided in parallel, and the intercooler 17. And the refrigerant RG flowing through the condenser 42 are cooled. Then, the cooling water Ws that has been heated after passing through the intercooler 17 and the condenser 42 is cooled by the sub-radiator 30 by the cooling air CA generated by the cooling fan 21 described above.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the sub radiator 30, the main radiator 20, the cooling fan 21, and the engine body 11 are usually arranged in this order from the front of the vehicle, but the main radiator 20, the sub radiator 30, and the cooling fan 21 are arranged. The engine body 11 may be arranged in this order. Further, in the configuration of FIG. 1, the sub-line of the cooling water Ws for the sub-radiator 30 is shown as a configuration independent of the main line of the engine cooling water W for the main radiator 20, but the sub-line and the main line cross each other. The engine cooling water W and the cooling water Ws may be mixed.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention is provided with the vehicle air conditioning system 40 according to the embodiment of the present invention in order to cool the inside of the vehicle. The The vehicle air conditioning system 40 includes a compressor 41, a water-cooled condensing device 42, an expansion valve 43, an evaporator 44, and an accumulator 45, and circulates the refrigerant RG in this order. As a result, the inside of the vehicle is cooled. The accumulator 45 may be omitted when it can be expected that the refrigerant RG is completely gasified before the refrigerant RG flows into the compressor 41.

  The condensing device 42 includes a condenser (condenser) 42a that cools and condenses the refrigerant RG with the cooling water Ws from the sub-radiator 30, and a modulator (gas-liquid separator) 42b that separates the condensed refrigerant RG from gas to liquid. And a subcool (supercooler) 42c for further supercooling the liquid refrigerant RG after gas-liquid separation. A cold desiccant is enclosed in the modulator 42b, and the gaseous desiccant RG is separated by the cool desiccant, and only the liquid refrigerant RG flows to the subcool 42c side. As schematically shown in FIG. 5, the cooling water Ws and the refrigerant RG flowing through the condensing part 42a and the subcool 42c flow in the form of a counter flow to increase the heat exchange amount between the cooling water Ws and the refrigerant RG. It is preferable to increase the heat exchange efficiency.

  In the present invention, the subcooling 42c of the condensing device 42, the pre-stage subcooler 42ca that supercools the refrigerant RG after passing through the modulator 42b with the cooling water Ws, and the refrigerant RG that has passed through the pre-stage subcooler 42ca. Is composed of a post-stage subcooler 42cb that is supercooled by the refrigerant RG after passing through the evaporator (evaporator) 44, and the front-stage subcooler 42ca and the rear-stage subcooler 42cb are combined in a single module with the condenser 42a. To do. Furthermore, the front-stage subcooler 42ca, the rear-stage subcooler 42cb, and the condenser 42a are formed of the same type of heat exchanger, for example, a multi-plate heat exchanger or a multi-tube heat exchanger.

  More specifically, the refrigerant RG is compressed by the compressor 41 into a high-temperature and high-pressure semi-liquid state, and the refrigerant RG is cooled by the condenser (condenser) 42a of the condensing device 42 with the cooling water Ws from the sub-radiator 30. The condensed refrigerant RG is gas-liquid separated by the modulator 42b, and the liquid refrigerant RG after the gas-liquid separation is further sublimated in the subcool 42c by the cooling water Ws in the front subcool 42ca and further in the rear subcool 42cb. Supercooling is performed by the refrigerant RG that has passed through the evaporator 44. That is, the refrigerant RG is condensed and liquefied by exchanging heat with the cooling water Ws by the condensing device 42, and further cooled by the refrigerant RG that has passed through the cooling water Ws and the evaporator 44.

  When the refrigerant RG, which has been reduced in temperature by the condensing device 42, is vaporized or atomized by the expansion valve 43 and then passed through the evaporator 44, the refrigerant RG evaporates and takes the heat of vaporization from the surroundings. Therefore, the refrigerant passes through the rear subcooling 42cb of the condensing device 42 to cool the refrigerant RG before flowing into the expansion valve 43. Thereafter, the refrigerant RG is circulated to the compressor 41 after passing through the accumulator 45. On the other hand, since the surrounding gas is cooled by the refrigerant RG in the evaporator 44, the surrounding gas of the evaporator 44 can be used as air conditioning of the vehicle by supplying the inside of the vehicle as a cooling gas.

  This will be described with reference to the cooling cycle. As shown in FIG. 7, the compression step a by the compressor 41, the condensation step b by the condenser 42a, the supercooling step SC by the subcool 42c, the decompression step c by the expansion valve 43, and the evaporation step by the evaporator 44. Repeat d. Here, SLL indicates a saturated liquid line, and SVL indicates a saturated vapor line.

  Next, a vehicle cooling method according to the present invention will be described. In this vehicle cooling method, the refrigerant RG that has been made high-pressure and high-temperature by the compressor 41 is cooled by the condenser 42a with the cooling water Ws from the sub radiator 30 and condensed, and the condensed refrigerant RG is gas-liquid separated by the modulator 42b. The liquid refrigerant RG after the gas-liquid separation is further supercooled by the subcooler 42c, and the supercooled refrigerant RG is vaporized by passing through the expansion valve 43 and the evaporator 44, and is recirculated to the compressor 41. This is a vehicle cooling method that cools the interior of the vehicle by removing the heat around the evaporator 44 by vaporizing the refrigerant RG in the evaporator 44. In this method, the refrigerant RG that passes through the subcool 42c is replaced with a condenser 42a and one module. After subcooling with the cooling water Ws in the first stage subcool 42ca, the condenser 42a and One of the later subcooled 42cb that the module is a method for subcooling refrigerant RG which has passed through the evaporator 44. That is, the refrigerant RG passing through the subcool 42c is cooled by both the cooling water Ws and the refrigerant RG before passing through the evaporator 44 and flowing into the compressor 41.

According to the vehicle air-conditioning system 40, the vehicle, and the vehicle cooling method of the present invention, the vehicle air-conditioning system 40 including the water-cooled condenser 42a that cools the refrigerant RG with the cooling water Ws for the sub-radiator 30 and the sub-cool 42c. In this case, the refrigerant RG discharged from the water-cooled condenser 42a can be sufficiently subcooled, the cooling efficiency inside the vehicle can be improved, and the workability of piping work when mounted on the vehicle can be improved. ,
More specifically, since the condenser 42a and one module are used as compared with the conventional heat exchanger having a double-tube structure of liquid gas, the whole can be formed compactly and manufacture is easy. Further, the piping work between the capacitor 42a, the front subcooling 42ca, and the rear subcooling 42cb and the piping work of the double piping structure at the time of mounting on the vehicle are eliminated, and the workability can be improved. Moreover, it becomes easy to comprise the front | former stage subcool 42ca and the back | latter stage subcool 42cb with the same type heat exchanger as the capacitor | condenser 42a.

  Furthermore, if the condenser 42a, the front subcooling 42ca, and the rear subcooling 42cb are configured with the same type of heat exchanger, the heat transfer area is increased by using the same type of heat exchanger as the condenser 42a, such as a multi-plate type or a multi-pipe type. Therefore, it can be sufficiently subcooled, and can be manufactured at the same time as the condenser 42a. In addition, in piping work when mounted on the vehicle, only normal cooling water piping and refrigerant piping are used. Since it becomes possible to perform piping work, workability can be improved.

1, 1X, 1Y Vehicle cooling system 10, 10X, 10Y engine (internal combustion engine)
20 Main radiator 30 Sub radiator 40, 40X, 40Y Air conditioning system for vehicles 41 Compressor
42, 42X, 42Y Condensing device 42a Condenser (condenser)
42b Modulator (gas-liquid separator + desiccant)
42c Subcool (supercooler)
42ca front subcool (front subcooler)
42cb Sub-cooling at the rear stage (Sub-cooler at the rear stage)
43 Expansion valve 44 Evaporator
W Engine cooling water (for main line)
Ws Cooling water (for sub-line)
RG refrigerant

Claims (4)

A condenser that cools and condenses the refrigerant with cooling water from the sub-radiator, a gas-liquid separator that gas-liquid separates the condensed refrigerant, and a subcooler that further subcools the liquid refrigerant after gas-liquid separation; An air conditioning system for cooling a vehicle by circulating a refrigerant in the order of a compressor, the condensing device, an expansion valve, an evaporator, and the compressor.
A pre-stage supercooler that supercools the refrigerant after passing through the gas-liquid separator with the cooling water, and a refrigerant that has passed through the evaporator after passing through the pre-supercooler. A vehicular air-conditioning system comprising: a rear-stage subcooler that performs supercooling at the same time; and the front-stage subcooler, the rear-stage subcooler, and the condenser are combined into one module.   The vehicle air conditioning system, wherein the condenser, the front stage subcooler, and the rear stage subcooler are configured by the same type of heat exchanger.   A vehicle comprising the vehicle air conditioning system according to claim 1. The refrigerant that has been made high-pressure and high-temperature in the compressor is cooled and condensed with cooling water from the sub-radiator in the condenser, and this condensed refrigerant is gas-liquid separated in the gas-liquid separator. The refrigerant is further subcooled by a supercooler, and the supercooled refrigerant is vaporized by passing through an expansion valve and an evaporator and recirculated to the compressor. In a cooling method for a vehicle that cools the interior of the vehicle by taking heat around the evaporator,
After the refrigerant passing through the supercooler is supercooled with the cooling water by the pre-stage supercooler made into one module with the condenser, the refrigerant and the post-stage supercooler made into one module A cooling method for a vehicle, characterized in that the vehicle is supercooled with a refrigerant that has passed through an evaporator.

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