JP2017071087A - Film with designing property - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a film with designing property, which has high contrast of reflection light between two regions having different reflection characteristics and can significantly develop different designing properties by each region.SOLUTION: The film with designing property has at least a functional layer and a reflection control layer patterned and formed on the functional layer and having an opening. The reflection control layer is formed to have a great number of projections or grooves on a surface thereof with a predetermined variance of the projections or grooves.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a designable film having two regions having different reflection characteristics.

  As a technique for expressing different design characteristics for each region using the reflection characteristics of light, for example, a low reflection region having a structure that reduces reflected light and a high reflection region that does not have the above structure are provided. There is known a technique for expressing different design properties by utilizing the difference in the amount of reflected light for each. For example, in Patent Document 1, by providing a low-reflection region in which a part of a metal base is roughened by blasting, the low-reflection region expresses a matte design by reducing reflected light, thereby roughening the surface. In a high reflection region that is not provided, a metal decorative body that expresses a metallic design by reflected light is disclosed. Thus, by changing the reflection characteristics for each region, it is possible to improve the design of the entire article using the difference in visual effect.

  Further, as a structure for reducing reflected light, a concavo-convex structure is known in which a large number of minute protrusions are regularly arranged at intervals equal to or shorter than the shortest wavelength in the wavelength range of light for preventing reflection. The above-mentioned structure is called a moth-eye structure, which prevents the reflection of light by continuously changing the refractive index for incident light in the thickness direction and eliminating the discontinuous interface of the refractive index. Thus, it is possible to exhibit an excellent reflected light reduction effect as compared with roughening due to the above.

A film having such a structure for reducing reflected light shaped on the surface can be used as a design film by itself or in combination with other design layers. For example, Patent Document 2 discloses a designable film in which a pattern layer is provided on a part of a moth-eye structure surface of a transparent moth-eye film or a part on an opposite surface thereof.
The designable film disclosed in Patent Document 2 displays the pattern layer clearly because the reflection of the incident light is reduced by the moth-eye structure so that the reflected light does not overlap the pattern of the pattern layer. Can do. In addition, in the design film, since the region where the pattern layer is not provided is difficult to be visually recognized due to the reduction of reflected light, the visual effect of the region where the pattern layer is provided and other regions is used. The pattern of the pattern layer can be displayed in three dimensions.
Thus, the designable film having a structure that reduces reflected light can improve the designability of a single body or the designability of the design layer by using it together with the design layer.

JP-A-6-88252 JP 2014-71220 A

  However, a moth-eye film is affixed to a part of the surface of an object to be pasted such as a pattern layer to form a design film having a low-reflection area having a moth-eye structure and a high-reflection area not having a moth-eye structure. When different design properties are to be developed, there is a problem that it is difficult to obtain a sufficient contrast of reflected light between regions. For this reason, the difference in the design property expressed for every area | region is not recognized notably, but there exists a subject that the design property of the whole design property film by the difference in the visual recognition effect for every area | region cannot fully be aimed at.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has a high contrast of reflected light between two regions having different reflection characteristics, and a designable film capable of remarkably expressing different design properties for each region. The main purpose is to provide

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies. As a result, in the above-described designable film having a low-reflection area with a moth-eye structure, the contrast of reflected light between two areas having different reflection characteristics is low. It has been found that the low factor is that the effect of reducing the reflected light in the low reflection region is not sufficient due to the regular protrusion arrangement unique to the moth-eye structure. In addition, when a moth-eye film is applied to a part of an object to be applied such as a design layer to form a designable film, in the low reflection area, which is a part to which the moth-eye film is applied, all light is transmitted at the interface with the surface of the object to be applied. It has been found that the occurrence of reflection is also a factor of reducing the contrast of reflected light between the two regions in the designable film.

  Then, the inventors have changed the surface structure of the low reflection region to a moth-eye structure in the above-described designable film having two regions having different reflection characteristics, and thus a large number of protrusions having a predetermined variation in shape and arrangement. It has been found that by using a structure composed of a portion or a groove, a high reflected light reduction effect can be achieved in a low reflection region, and the contrast of reflected light between regions is improved. The present invention is based on such knowledge.

That is, the present invention includes at least a functional layer and a reflection control layer formed in a pattern on the functional layer and having an opening, and the reflection control layer has a large number of protrusions formed on the surface thereof. The average of the maximum widths passing through the center of gravity of the bottom surface of the protrusion is within a range of 250 nm to 500 nm, and the bottom surface is positioned closest to the center of gravity of the one protrusion and the bottom surface of the one protrusion. The average distance between the centroids of the other protrusions having the center of gravity is 400 nm or less, the dispersion of the distances between the centers of gravity is 10000 or more, and the length direction and width in the plane on which the protrusions are formed The direction is defined by the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction, and the position of the top of the projection from the center of gravity of the bottom of the projection in plan view is indicated by an azimuth angle φ (0 ° ≦ φ <360 °). The number of extraction points of the protrusions is n (n ≧ 30) To _{come, | Σ (k = 1~n)} cosφ k /n|≦0.25, and | sigma and satisfying the relation _{(k = 1~n) sinφ k /n|≦0.25} Provide design films.

According to the above invention, the surface of the reflection control layer formed in a pattern is formed with a large number of protrusions having a predetermined variation in shape and arrangement, and the protrusions hit the reflection control layer. The reflection of the reflected light can be reduced with high efficiency. In addition, since the reflection control layer having the above-described surface structure has a high haze value, light scattering is increased in the layer, and total reflection of light at the interface between the reflection control layer and the functional layer is reduced. Can do. Thereby, the said reflection control layer can exhibit the reflected light reduction effect higher than the layer (henceforth a moth eye structure layer) in which the moth eye structure was shaped. On the other hand, since the surface of the functional layer is exposed at the opening of the reflection control layer, light can be reflected with a reflectance corresponding to the surface smoothness of the functional layer.
In a region where the reflection control layer is formed (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as a reflection control layer formation region), reflection is performed more than a region where an opening is located (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as an opening formation region). A design in which reflected light is suppressed can be expressed as a low-reflectance region with low reflectance, while reflected light is reflected as a high-reflectance region with a higher reflectance than the reflection control layer formation region in the opening formation region. The used design can be expressed.
In this way, the designable film of the present invention improves the contrast of the reflected light generated between the regions due to the difference in the reflection characteristics between the reflection control layer forming region and the opening forming region. It can express remarkably, and the design property improvement in the whole designable film by the difference in visual recognition effect can be aimed at.

In addition, the present invention includes at least a functional layer and a reflection control layer formed in a pattern on the functional layer and having an opening, and the reflection control layer has a plurality of grooves formed on a surface thereof. And the average area when the planar view shape of the groove opening portion, which is a region surrounded by the side surface of the groove portion, is approximated to an octagon is in the range of 94000 nm ^{2 to} 131000 nm ² , and the groove opening portion of the groove portion The dispersion of the maximum inner angle when the plan view shape is approximated to an octagon is in the range of 600 to 1020, and the plan view shape of the one groove portion and the groove opening portion of the one groove portion is approximated to an octagon. The average of the distance between the centers of gravity of the other groove portions having the center of gravity of the groove opening portion at the position closest to the center of gravity is 500 nm or less, and the dispersion of the distance between the centers of gravity is 8000 or more. Willingness to do To provide a sex film.

According to the above invention, the surface of the reflection control layer formed in a pattern is formed with a large number of groove portions having predetermined variations in shape and arrangement, and the light hitting the reflection control layer by the groove portions. Can be reduced with high efficiency. In addition, since the reflection control layer having the above-described surface structure has a high haze value, light scattering is increased in the layer, and total reflection of light at the interface between the reflection control layer and the functional layer is reduced. Can do. Thereby, the said reflection control layer can exhibit the reflected light reduction effect higher than a moth-eye structure layer. On the other hand, since the surface of the functional layer is exposed at the opening of the reflection control layer, light can be reflected with a reflectance corresponding to the surface smoothness of the functional layer.
In the reflection control layer formation region, a design in which reflected light is suppressed can be expressed as a low reflection region having a lower reflectance than that of the opening formation region. On the other hand, in the opening formation region, the reflection control layer is formed. A design utilizing reflected light can be developed as a highly reflective region having a higher reflectance than the formation region.
In this way, the designable film of the present invention improves the contrast of the reflected light generated between the regions due to the difference in the reflection characteristics between the reflection control layer forming region and the opening forming region. It can express remarkably, and the design property improvement in the whole designable film by the difference in visual recognition effect can be aimed at.

  The designable film of the present invention improves the contrast of reflected light between regions due to the difference in reflection characteristics between the region where the reflection control layer is formed and the region where the opening is located, and the design properties that differ from region to region are remarkable. There is an effect that it can be expressed.

It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows an example of the designable film of the 1st aspect of this invention. It is an enlarged view of the C section of FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the azimuth angle (phi) of the top part of a projection part. It is a plane SEM image of the reflection control layer in the designable film of the 1st mode of the present invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the other example of the designable film of the 1st aspect of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows an example of the designable film of the 2nd aspect of this invention. FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion C in FIG. 6. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the shape of a groove part. It is a plane SEM image of the reflection control layer in the designable film of the 2nd mode of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the designable film of the present invention will be described in detail.
The designable film of the present invention has at least a functional layer and a reflection control layer formed in a pattern on the functional layer and having an opening, and has a shape formed on the surface of the reflection control layer. Accordingly, it is roughly divided into two modes.
Hereinafter, each aspect of the designable film of the present invention will be described.

I. 1st aspect A 1st aspect (henceforth this term may be called a "this aspect") of the designable film of this invention is formed in a pattern shape on a functional layer and the said functional layer, and opening. A reflection control layer having at least a portion, and the reflection control layer has a plurality of protrusions formed on a surface thereof, and an average of a maximum width passing through the center of gravity of the bottom surface of the protrusion is not less than 250 nm and not more than 500 nm. The distance between the center of gravity of the one protrusion and the other protrusion having the bottom center of gravity at a position closest to the center of gravity of the bottom surface of the one protrusion (hereinafter referred to in this section) The average of the distance between the nearest centers of gravity is 400 nm or less, the dispersion of the distances between the centers of gravity is 10000 or more, and the length direction and width in the plane on which the protrusions are formed Specify the direction in the x-axis and y-axis directions In plan view, the position of the top of the projection from the center of gravity of the bottom of the projection is indicated by an azimuth angle φ (0 ° ≦ φ <360 °), and the number of extraction points of the projection is n (n ≧ 30). ) ₍ SIGMA _{) (k = 1 to n)} cos φ _k /n|≦0.25 and | Σ _{(k = 1 to n)} sin φ _k /n|≦0.25. It is a feature.

The designable film of this embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the designable film of this embodiment, and FIG. 3A is a side view of the protruding portion, and FIG. 3B is a top portion of the protruding portion when viewed from the z-axis direction of FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the position.
The designable film 10 of this embodiment has at least the functional layer 1 and the reflection control layer 2 that is formed in a pattern on the functional layer 1 and has the opening 3. The reflection control layer 2 has a large number of protrusions 11 formed on the surface thereof with a predetermined variation in shape and arrangement position. Note that variations in the shape and arrangement position of a large number of protrusions may be simply referred to as “variations (of protrusions)”. Further, the surface of the functional layer 1 is exposed at the opening 3.
In the designable film 10, the region where the reflection control layer 2 is formed becomes a reflection control layer formation region A having low reflection characteristics, and the region where the opening 3 is located becomes an opening formation region B having high reflection characteristics. .
In FIG. 2, P indicates a surface (reference surface) where the roots of the protrusions 11 </ b> A and 11 </ b> B are located in the reflection control layer 1.

Here, the variation of a large number of protrusions formed on the surface of the reflection control layer is defined by quantifying three parameters.
The first parameter depends on the size of the protrusion. In this aspect, the fact that a large number of protrusions have a predetermined variation means that the average of the maximum width L passing through the center of gravity O of the bottom surface of the protrusion 11 is within a range of 250 nm to 500 nm, as shown in FIG. Say.
The second parameter is based on the positional relationship between adjacent protrusions. In this embodiment, the fact that a large number of protrusions have a predetermined variation means that, as shown in FIG. 2, the center of gravity of the bottom surface is located closest to the center of gravity O of one protrusion 11A and the bottom of one protrusion 11A. It means that the average of the distance between the centers of gravity (distance between the nearest centers of gravity) L of the other protrusions 11B having O is 400 nm or less and the dispersion is 10000 or more.
The third parameter depends on the direction indicated by the top of the protrusion. In this aspect, the fact that a large number of protrusions have a predetermined variation means that the length direction and the width direction in the plane on which the protrusions 11 are formed are defined in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction, as shown in FIG. In plan view, the position of the apex T of the projection 11 from the center of gravity O of the bottom surface of the projection 11 is indicated by an azimuth angle φ (0 ° ≦ φ <360 °), and the number of extraction points of the projection 11 is represented by n (n ≧ 30), | Σ _{(k = 1 to n)} cos φ _k /n|≦0.25 and | Σ _{(k = 1 to n)} sin φ _k /n|≦0.25 are satisfied. That means.
That is, the fact that a large number of protrusions have “predetermined variation” means that each of the first to third parameters is within the predetermined range described above (hereinafter may be referred to as a predetermined value). .

According to the designable film of this aspect, the surface of the reflection control layer formed in a pattern is formed with a large number of projections having a predetermined variation in shape and arrangement, and the projections reflect the reflection. Reflection of light hitting the control layer can be reduced with high efficiency. In addition, since the reflection control layer having the above-described surface structure has a high haze value, light scattering is increased in the layer, and total reflection of light at the interface between the reflection control layer and the functional layer is reduced. Can do. Thereby, the said reflection control layer can exhibit the reflected light reduction effect higher than a moth-eye structure layer. On the other hand, since the surface of the functional layer is exposed at the opening of the reflection control layer, light can be reflected with a reflectance corresponding to the surface smoothness of the functional layer.
In the reflection control layer formation region, a design in which reflected light is suppressed can be expressed as a low reflection region having a lower reflectance than that of the opening formation region. On the other hand, in the opening formation region, the reflection control layer is formed. A design utilizing reflected light can be developed as a highly reflective region having a higher reflectance than the formation region.
In this way, the designable film of this aspect improves the contrast of the reflected light generated between the regions due to the difference in reflection characteristics between the reflection control layer forming region and the opening forming region. It can express remarkably, and the design property improvement in the whole designable film by the difference in visual recognition effect can be aimed at.

The reflection characteristics of each region in the designable film of this embodiment and the design properties in each region expressed thereby will be described in more detail.
In the designable film of this aspect, in the reflection control layer forming region, a large number of protrusions are formed on the surface of the reflection control layer with a predetermined variation, so that light incident on the protrusions is reflected many times. Thus, the light can be absorbed into the reflection control layer from the protrusion, and the intensity of the specific wavelength light can be suppressed from increasing due to interference. Furthermore, since a large number of protrusions have a predetermined variation, light is absorbed from the protrusions into the reflection control layer by multiple reflections at the protrusions, particularly the tops of the protrusions. The amount of light absorption can be further increased by Mie scattering the light according to the shape of the portion, and the reflection can be further reduced. This is because Mie scattering has characteristics such as “strong forward scattering” and “small wavelength dependence”. That is, since Mie scattering has strong forward scattering, light incident on the protrusion is scattered in the protrusion, and the scattered light can be absorbed from the protrusion into the reflection control layer. Further, since Mie scattering has a small wavelength dependency, light in the entire visible light region of 380 nm to 780 nm can be scattered, and scattered light can be absorbed from the protrusion into the reflection control layer. Therefore, in the reflection control layer forming region, reflection of light in a wide wavelength region can be reduced by the protrusion on the surface of the reflection control layer.

  In addition, the reflection control layer can exhibit a high haze value because the surface has the above-described structure. For this reason, scattering of the light incident on the reflection control layer increases, and total reflection of light at the interface between the reflection control layer and the functional layer hardly occurs. Thereby, the reflection control layer in this invention can show a higher reflected light reduction effect than a layer with a conventionally known moth-eye structure.

  On the other hand, in the opening formation region, the surface of the functional layer is exposed, and light is reflected according to the surface smoothness of the functional layer, so that it can exhibit higher reflectivity than the reflection control layer formation region. .

  As described above, the designable film of this aspect has a large difference in reflection characteristics between the reflection control layer forming region and the opening forming region, so that the contrast of reflected light between the regions becomes high.

And when light is applied to the designable film of this aspect, different designability is developed for each region. For example, in the reflection control layer forming region, a matte design with a haze in which reflected light is suppressed can be expressed. On the other hand, in the opening formation region, the reflected light generated on the surface of the functional layer exhibits a brightness that is conspicuous due to the contrast of the reflected light with the surrounding reflection control layer formation region, and a design that glitters can be expressed.
Thus, the designable film of this aspect can remarkably express different designability for each region, and can improve the designability of the entire designable film due to a difference in visual effect.

Moreover, the designable film of this aspect can change a display specification for every area | region according to the kind of functional layer using the difference in the reflective characteristic for every area | region.
For example, the designable film of the present embodiment in which the functional layer is a printing layer has high absorption of scattered light to the reflection control layer and the printing layer in the reflection control layer forming region, so that the color developability of the printing layer is improved. In addition, the color and pattern of the printed layer can be clearly displayed. In addition, in the reflection control layer forming region, display with reduced gloss can be achieved by reducing reflected light. On the other hand, in the opening formation region, the color and the pattern of the print layer can be displayed with high brightness and high glossiness by the light reflected from the surface of the functional layer.
In addition, for example, the designable film of this embodiment in which the functional layer is a metal layer displays the metal layer in a matte tone with reduced metallic luster because reflected light is reduced in the reflection control layer forming region. On the other hand, in the opening forming region, the metal layer can be displayed in a metallic tone with a strong metallic luster by the light reflected on the surface of the metal layer.

  Hereinafter, the designable film of this embodiment will be described in detail.

A. Reflection Control Layer The reflection control layer in this embodiment is a layer that is formed in a pattern on the functional layer and has an opening. Further, the reflection control layer has a large number of protrusions formed on the surface, and the large number of protrusions have a predetermined variation.

1. Protrusion The protrusion has a predetermined variation in its shape and arrangement position.

The reflected light reduction effect in the reflection control layer formation region is determined by the degree of variation exhibited by a large number of protrusions.
Here, the variation in the protrusions is defined by quantifying three parameters of the size of the protrusions described above, the positional relationship between the adjacent protrusions, and the direction indicated by the apex of the protrusions. By exhibiting the predetermined value, a large number of the protrusions can have a predetermined variation.
Hereinafter, a parameter quantification method for defining the variation of the protrusions and each parameter defined by the quantification method will be described.

(1) Parameter quantification method The variation in the shape and arrangement position of the protrusions is calculated by extracting a desired number of points from a large number of protrusions provided on the reflection control layer, and is quantified.
The projections are extracted by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), an atomic force microscope (AFM), etc., with a magnification of 10000 times and a visual field range of 4 μm x 4 μm. A method is used in which planar observation is performed from the surface side where the protrusions are formed, the in-plane arrangement of the protrusions in the field of view is detected by an image, and a desired number of points is extracted from the image.

Each parameter is calculated by setting the minimum number of extracted protrusions per field of view as 30 points. The larger the number of extraction points of the protrusions, the better. The number of extraction points is preferably 30 points or more, and more preferably 50 points or more. In addition, the number of detections in the visual field range for extracting the protrusions is 3 or more, more preferably 5 or more, particularly 10 per desired unit area (2500 mm ² ) of the surface on which the protrusions of the reflection control layer are formed. It is preferable that it is more than the location.
By defining the number of extraction points and the number of detections in the visual field range within the above range, the three parameters can be quantified with higher accuracy, and variations in the shape and arrangement position of the protrusions can be accurately defined. It is.

Each parameter is quantified by the following procedure.
(A) First, an in-plane arrangement of protrusions is detected using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) or an atomic force microscope (AFM). A desired number of protrusions are extracted from the detected in-plane arrangement, and a maximum point and a minimum point of the height of each protrusion are detected. In addition, as a method for obtaining the maximum point and the minimum point, various methods such as a method for sequentially comparing a planar view shape with a magnified photograph of a corresponding cross-sectional shape, a method for obtaining the image by processing a magnified photograph in plan view, and the like are applied. can do. The maximum point obtained at this time is defined as “the top of the protrusion”.

(B) Next, from the SEM image or the AFM image, a set of local minimum points surrounding the local maximum point is used as the root of the protrusion, and the base shape is approximated to a desired shape in order to determine the base shape. The shape of the root is a plan view shape (contour shape) of the contour of the root, and is a region surrounded by the contour. When approximating, partially broken lines are complemented. As a method of complementation, for example, a method of creating a closed space by setting a certain threshold value can be taken. The approximate contour shape of the root is not particularly limited as long as each parameter can be specified. For example, a round shape such as a circle or an ellipse, a pentagon, a hexagon, an octagon, a dodecagon, or the like. It can be a polygonal shape or the like. The approximate shape of the base of the obtained protrusion is defined as “the shape of the bottom surface of the protrusion”.

As a method for approximating the shape of the base of the protrusion, a conventionally known method used when approximating the shape from the image can be applied, and is not particularly limited. For example, template matching, generalized Hough transform, Douglas- A method such as Peucker method can be used.
In template matching, a template representing a shape is prepared in advance, and the shape included in the image data is determined by examining a similarity index such as a correlation coefficient while moving the template with respect to the image data to be recognized. It is a technology to recognize. For example, “Takayuki Nakata, Bakkaku, Naofumi Fujiwara:“ Figure Recognition Using Log-Polar Transform in 3D Environments ”, IEICE Transactions (D-II), Vol. .88, No.6, pp.985-993 (2005.6) ”,“ Fumihiko Saito: “Semiconductor chip image template matching by partial random search and adaptive search”, Journal of Japan Society for Precision Engineering, Vol.61, No.11, pp .1604-1608 (1995.11) ".

  The generalized Hough transform is a generalized Hough transform that is applied to a curve by generalizing the Hough transform that determines the straight line that passes through the most feature points in the image data from infinitely existing straight lines. In addition, the shape of the image data can be recognized using a reference table prepared in advance. For example, “Ballad.DH:“ GENERALIZING THE HOUGH TRANSFORM TO DETECT ARBITRARY SHAPES ”, Pattern Recognition, Vol.13, No.2, pp.111-122 (1981)” , “Akio Kimura, Takashi Watanabe:“ Generalized Hough transform extended as an arbitrary figure detection method invariant to affine transformation ”, IEICE Journal (D-II), Vol. J84-D-II, No. 5 , pp.789-798 (2001.5) ”.

  The Douglas-Peucker method is a method for shape recognition by polygonal line approximation. For example, “Wu. ST, MRG:“ A non-self-intersection Douglas-Peucker Algorithm ”, Proceeding of Sixteenth Brazilian Symposium on Computer Graphics and Image Processing, IEEE, pp. 60. -66 (2003) ".

(C) Next, the center of gravity of the bottom surface of the protrusion is specified from the shape of the bottom surface of the protrusion. The center of gravity of the bottom surface of the protrusion can be obtained by general linear algebra calculation. For example, when the shape of the bottom surface of the protrusion is a perfect circle, draw a triangle connecting three points on the circumference, and use the intersection of two perpendicular bisectors of the triangle as the center of gravity of the circle. Can do. In addition, when the shape of the bottom surface of the protrusion is an ellipse, draw two line segments connecting two points on the outer periphery of the ellipse so as to be parallel, connect each midpoint of the two parallel line segments, The midpoint of the connected line segment can be used as the center of gravity.

Furthermore, when the shape of the bottom surface of the protrusion is a polygon, the center of gravity of the bottom surface of the protrusion can be specified by performing the following operation.
Operation 1: First, a diagonal line is connected from one vertex of a polygon to each of the other vertices excluding the two vertices adjacent to the one vertex, and divided into a plurality of triangles.
Operation 2: Find the center of gravity of each divided triangle.
Operation 3: Next, the center of gravity of each triangle is connected to form a polygon.
Operation 4: When the shape of the bottom surface of the protrusion is an odd-numbered square, the operations 1 to 3 are repeated until the polygon formed in the operation 3 becomes a triangle. On the other hand, when the shape of the bottom surface of the protrusion is an even-numbered square, the operations 1 to 3 are repeated until the polygon formed in the operation 3 becomes a square.
Operation 5: When the shape formed from the center of gravity of each of the divided triangles is a triangle by the above-described operations 1 to 4, the center of gravity of the triangle becomes the center of gravity of the bottom surface of the protrusion. On the other hand, when the shape formed from the centroids of the respective divided triangles is a square by the above-described operations 1 to 4, the centroid of the squares is obtained by the following method. First, the quadrilateral is divided into two triangles by one diagonal, and the centroids of the two triangles are obtained, and the two centroids are connected by a straight line. Next, the quadrangle is divided into two triangles by another diagonal line to obtain the respective centroids of the two triangles, and the two centroids are connected by a straight line. The intersection of the two straight lines becomes the center of gravity of the bottom surface of the protrusion.

(D) Next, the maximum width that passes through the center of gravity of the bottom surface of the protrusion (hereinafter, simply referred to as the maximum width of the bottom surface of the protrusion) may be determined to define the size of the protrusion. The maximum width of the bottom surface of the protrusion can be determined by calculating from the comparison between the pixel size of the SEM image and the AFM image and the number of pixels. The maximum width refers to the widest line segment among the lengths of line segments that pass through the center of gravity of the bottom surface of the protrusion and connect two points on the outer periphery of the shape of the bottom surface.
Specifically, when the shape of the bottom surface of the protrusion is a perfect circle, the maximum width means the diameter of the perfect circle, and when the shape of the bottom surface of the protrusion is an ellipse, the maximum width is the center of gravity of the ellipse. The longest line segment that connects two points on the outer periphery through the line. In the case where the shape of the bottom surface of the protrusion is a polygon, the maximum width is the longest line segment among the line segments that pass through the center of gravity of the polygon and connect two points on the outer periphery of the polygon. Say.

By statistically processing the calculated maximum width, the average value and variance of the maximum width of the bottom surface of the protrusion are obtained. Existing spreadsheet software can be used for statistical processing. It should be noted that outliers are preferably excluded when determining the average value and variance of the maximum width. The outlier means that the absolute value of the standardized score calculated by the following calculation formula is 3 or more.
Standardization score = (maximum width of individual protrusions-average of maximum width) / standard deviation

(E) Next, the position of each protrusion is coordinated. The position of the protrusion means the position of the center of gravity of the bottom surface of the protrusion described above (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as the center of gravity of the protrusion).
The position of the center of gravity of the bottom surface of the protrusion can be coordinated by the following method. First, the origin is set at a desired position in the SEM image or AFM image. For example, the lower left in the SEM image or AFM image is the origin. Next, from the origin, one direction corresponding to the length direction in the plane on which the projection of the reflection control layer is formed in the image is x-axis, one direction perpendicular to the x-axis and one direction corresponding to the width direction is Defined as y-axis. Thus, the center of gravity of each protrusion can be coordinated by using the image as a coordinate plane.
From the coordinates of the center of gravity of the protrusion, the distance between the protrusions between the specific protrusion and a plurality of adjacent protrusions, that is, the distance between the centers of gravity is calculated. The distance between the centroids is calculated by the following calculation formula, and the minimum distance among the distances between the centroids calculated for one specific protrusion is defined as the “distance between the nearest centroids”.
Distance between centroids = {(x ₁ −x ₂ ) ² + (y ₁ −y ₂ ) ² } ^1/2 }
Incidentally, x ₁ and y ₁ in the formula, x and y coordinates indicate the position of one particular of the protrusion. Further, x ₂ and y ₂ are the x and y coordinates indicate the position of protrusions adjacent to the protruding portion of the one particular.
The distance between the centroids can be calculated from a comparison between the pixel size of the SEM image or the AFM image and the number of pixels.

By using the above method to extract the distance between the nearest centroids of each protrusion, statistical processing with existing spreadsheet software and calculating the average value and variance of the distances between the nearest centroids, the positional relationship between adjacent protrusions Is specified. It should be noted that outliers are preferably excluded when obtaining the average value and variance of the distances between the nearest centroids. The outlier means that the absolute value of the standardized score calculated by the following calculation formula is 3 or more.
Standardized score = (distance between nearest centroids of individual protrusions-average value of distances between nearest centroids) / standard deviation

(F) Next, the direction indicated by the apex of the protrusion is defined by indicating the position of the apex from the center of gravity of the bottom of the protrusion by the azimuth angle φ (0 ° ≦ φ <360 °). The azimuth angle φ is defined by an angle formed by a side connecting the center of gravity and the top of the protrusion with respect to the x-axis in the plan view of the coordinate plane set when the position of the protrusion is coordinated.
The azimuth angle φ is determined for each extracted protrusion, and the absolute value of the value obtained by dividing the sum of the cos values of each azimuth angle φ of the protrusion by the number of extraction points, and the sum of the sin values of each azimuth angle φ are extracted points. Calculate the absolute value of the divided value. This calculation can use existing spreadsheet software.

  The variance value calculated in the quantification of each parameter is generally calculated by dividing the value calculated from the average value, that is, the sum of the root mean square of the difference between the measured value and the average value of the measured value, by the number of extraction points. Value. The same applies to “II. Second Aspect” described later.

(2) Parameters Next, parameters that define the variation of the protrusions will be described.

(A) The size of the protrusion The size of the protrusion is defined by the maximum width passing through the center of gravity of the bottom surface of the protrusion. The maximum width of the bottom surface of the protrusion is a portion indicated by R in FIGS. 2 and 4A. 4 is a planar SEM image of the reflection control layer, and T in FIG. 4A indicates the top of the protrusion.

The average of the maximum widths of the bottom surfaces of the protrusions may be in the range of 250 nm to 500 nm, and preferably in the range of 300 nm to 400 nm. In spherical particles, the diameter governed by geometrical optical scattering is several μm or more, but scattering by the protrusion shape shows different behavior. In the present invention, it is assumed that Mie scattering is dominantly generated in the protrusions when the bottom surface of the protrusions has a shape having the maximum width within the above range.
If the average of the maximum width of the bottom surface of the protrusion is larger than the above range, geometric optical scattering is dominant over Mie scattering and forward scattering is less likely to occur. The reflected light reduction effect may not be obtained. In addition, since the number of protrusions per unit area in the reflection control layer is reduced, it is difficult for multiple reflections to occur, and it may be difficult to reduce the reflectance.
On the other hand, if the average of the maximum widths of the bottom surfaces of the protrusions is smaller than the above range, Rayleigh scattering becomes dominant, so that forward scattering is less likely to occur and light absorption into the reflection control layer may be reduced.

When the average of the maximum widths of the bottom surfaces of the protrusions is within the above range, the dispersion of the maximum widths of the bottom surfaces of the protrusions is preferably 10,000 or more. This is because it is possible to suppress a problem that the intensity of a specific wavelength light is increased by interference. The upper limit of the dispersion is not particularly limited, and can be set within a range that can be designed in production, and is preferably 18000 or less, for example. Units of the variance of the maximum width of the bottom surface of the protrusion becomes nm ^2.

(B) Positional relationship between adjacent protrusions The positional relationship between adjacent protrusions is as follows: one protrusion and another protrusion having the bottom center of gravity closest to the center of gravity of the bottom surface of the one protrusion. , Is defined by the average of the distances between the centers of gravity (distances between the nearest centers of gravity)
The position of the protruding portion refers to the position of the center of gravity of the bottom surface of the protruding portion, and is a portion indicated by O in FIGS.

The distance between the nearest centroids is calculated and quantified by the method described above, and will be further described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 4B, the closest distance between the center of gravity is the protrusion 11B having the center of gravity O at the position closest to the center of gravity O of the protrusion 11A among the protrusions adjacent to the protrusion 11A. The center-to-center distance L1 is calculated as the closest center-to-center distance. Next, of the protrusions adjacent to the protrusion B, the protrusion 11C having the center of gravity O at the position closest to the center of gravity of the protrusion 11B is extracted, and the distance L2 between the centers of gravity is calculated as the closest center of gravity distance.
The average of the distances between the nearest centroids is calculated by repeating the above operation, calculating the sum of the distances between the nearest centroids for the number of extracted points of the protrusion, and dividing by the number of extracted points.

The average distance between the nearest centroids may be 400 nm or less, preferably 360 nm or less, and particularly preferably 350 nm or less. If the average distance between the nearest centers of gravity is larger than the above range, the adjacent protrusions are not in close contact, and there are many non-protrusion areas where no protrusions are formed, and light generated in the non-protrusion areas. The reflection light reduction effect may be reduced due to the reflection.
The lower limit of the average distance between the nearest centroids is not particularly limited, and can be set within a range that can be designed in production, and is preferably 280 nm or more, for example.

In addition, when the average distance between nearest centroids is within the above range, the dispersion of the distance between nearest centroids may be 10000 or more, and more preferably 11000 or more, particularly 12000 or more. If the dispersion of the distance between the nearest centroids is smaller than the above range, a large number of protrusions are arranged with an equal pitch width, and the intensity of a specific wavelength light is increased by interference, and the desired reflected light in the reflection control layer. This is because the reduction effect may be difficult to achieve.
The upper limit of the dispersion is not particularly limited, and can be set within a range that can be designed in production, and is preferably 14000 or less, for example. Note that the unit of dispersion of the distance between the closest centers is nm ² .

(C) Direction indicated by the apex of the protrusion The direction indicated by the apex of the protrusion is defined by the direction in which the apex of the protrusion is located with respect to the center of gravity of the bottom surface of the protrusion on the surface of the low reflection region of the reflection control layer. The
That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the length direction and the width direction in the plane of the reflection control layer are defined by the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction, respectively, and the projections in plan view from the top side of the projections By indicating the position of the apex T from the center of gravity O of the bottom surface of the surface by an azimuth angle φ (0 ° ≦ φ <360 °), the direction indicated by the apex of the protrusion is defined. The method for defining the azimuth angle φ is as described above.

The variation in the direction indicated by the tops of the plurality of protrusions is defined by defining the in-plane length direction and width direction of the reflection control layer as the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction, respectively, in plan view from the top side of the protrusions When the position of the top of the protrusion is indicated by an azimuth angle φ and the number of extraction points of the protrusion is n (n ≧ 30), the sum of the cos values of each azimuth angle φ of the protrusion is divided by the number of extraction points. The absolute value of the value (ie, | Σ _{(k = 1 to n)} cosφ _k / n |) and the absolute value of the value obtained by dividing the sum of the sin values of each azimuth angle φ by the number of extraction points (ie, | Σ _{(k = 1) ˜n)} can be defined by the value of sin φ _k / n |)

Here, when the vertices of the plurality of protrusions are arranged in the same direction, | Σ _{(k = 1 to n)} cosφ _k / n | and | Σ _{(k = 1 to n)} sinφ _k / n | The value gets bigger. On the other hand, when the plurality of protrusions are randomly arranged in different directions, | Σ _{(k = 1 to n)} cosφ _k / n | and | Σ _{(k = 1 to n)} sinφ _k / n | The value becomes smaller.
In this aspect, by satisfying the relationship of | Σ _{(k = 1 to n)} cosφ _k /n|≦0.25 and | Σ _{(k = 1 to n)} sinφ _k /n|≦0.25, The apexes of the plurality of protrusions are directed in random directions so that the reflectance can be reduced regardless of the incident angle of light. Among them, it is preferable to satisfy the relationship of | (Σ _{(k = 1 to n)} cosφ _k ) /n|≦0.15 and | Σ _{(k = 1 to n)} sinφ _k /n|≦0.15. It is preferable that | Σ _{(k = 1 to n)} cos φ _k /n|≦0.10 and | Σ _{(k = 1 to n)} sin φ _k /n|≦0.10. When the values of | Σ _{(k = 1 to n)} cosφ _k / n | and | Σ _{(k = 1 to n)} sinφ _k / n | are larger than the above range, the vertices of the plurality of protrusions have the same direction It will be arranged with direction and high regularity. For this reason, light incident from a specific angle is reflected with a high reflectance, and the degree of reduction of reflected light may vary depending on the incident angle of light.
Note that the number n of extraction points only needs to be 30 or more, and the more suitable number of points is the same as the number of extraction points already described.

(3) Others The height of the protrusion is not particularly limited as long as the above-mentioned three parameters can be set to predetermined values. Within the range of is preferable. When the height of the protrusion is smaller than the above range, the curvature of the top of the protrusion is increased, so geometric optical scattering is dominant over Mie scattering, and forward scattering is less likely to occur. Light absorption may be reduced. On the other hand, when the height of the protrusion is larger than the above range, it may be difficult to shape the protrusion into a desired shape.

The height of the protrusion refers to the length of the apex from the base of the protrusion, a portion indicated by h ₁ in FIG. The height of the protrusion is determined from a specific reference position (for example, the root position of the protrusion is set to height = 0) from the maximum point detected by the method described in the section “(1) Parameter quantification method”. The relative height difference of each local maximum point position is acquired and converted into a histogram, calculated from the frequency distribution by the histogram, and averaged.

Further, when the height of the protrusion is within the above range, the aspect ratio of the height to the maximum width of the bottom surface of the protrusion (h ₁ / R in FIG. 2) is the desired reflected light reduction effect in the reflection control layer. For example, the ratio is preferably in the range of 0.3 to 30, and more preferably in the range of 0.8 to 3. If the aspect ratio is smaller than the above range, light reflection at the protrusions hardly occurs, and the reflected light reduction effect may not be sufficiently exhibited in the reflection control layer. On the other hand, if the aspect ratio is larger than the above range, shaping may become difficult and the protrusion may not have a desired shape.

The protrusion has a convex cone-like structure, and the shape of the protrusion can be accurately formed on the surface of the reflection control layer. Have
In general, when projecting parts are regularly arranged to reduce reflectivity as in the moth-eye structure, in order to improve the reflected light reduction effect, the shape of the projecting part is a multi-peaked shape with the top branching, and the surface area A method of increasing the value is used. However, such a shape may not be shaped with high accuracy. On the other hand, in this aspect, since it is possible to reduce reflection by giving a predetermined variation to a large number of protrusions, there is no need for the protrusions to have a multi-peak shape, and individual protrusions on the surface of the reflection control layer. Can be shaped with high accuracy.
The tip of the top of the protrusion may be sharp or may have a curvature. In particular, since the absorption of light into the reflection control layer due to Mie scattering increases, the tip is preferably sharp.

The shape of the bottom surface of the protrusion is not particularly limited as long as it is a shape that can define the above parameters by approximation. For example, a round shape such as a circle or an ellipse, a pentagon, a hexagon, an octagon, a dodecagon, etc. The polygonal shape etc. can be mentioned.
Further, the side surface shape of the protruding portion may be linear or curved in the longitudinal section of the protruding portion. Furthermore, the side surface shape of the protrusion may be multistage. Among these, it is preferable that the side surfaces of the protrusions are multistage. This is because multiple reflections and Mie scattering are more likely to occur at the protrusion.

2. Optical properties The reflection control layer may be transparent or opaque. The above-mentioned reflection control layer has “transparency” means a state in which the opposite side can be seen through to some extent or completely through the reflection control layer, and includes the concepts of “transparency” and “translucent”.

When the reflection control layer has transparency, the designable film of this aspect can exhibit different designability for each region with respect to the same functional layer due to the reflection characteristics in each region.
That is, in the reflection control layer forming region having transparency, the color and pattern of the functional layer are displayed as in the opening forming region. However, since the reflection characteristics of each region are different at this time, the design is changed. The functional film can display a design in which color, glossiness, luminance, and the like are changed for each region with respect to the same functional layer.
In the above case, the light transmittance of the reflection control layer is not particularly limited as long as the design of the functional layer can be visually recognized through the reflection control layer, and can be appropriately set according to desired design properties.

Further, when the reflection control layer is opaque, different design properties can be expressed in each region depending on the combination of the design of the reflection control layer and the design of the functional layer and the reflection characteristics in each region.
That is, in the opaque reflection control layer formation region, the color and the pattern that the reflection control layer has are displayed, and in the opening formation region, the color and the pattern that the functional layer has. At this time, since the reflection characteristics of each region are different, in the reflection control layer formation region, the design film may express a design in which the effect of reducing reflected light is added to the design of the reflection control layer. In the opening forming region, a design in which an effect of reflected light is added to the design of the functional layer can be exhibited.

  The reflection control layer may be colorless or colored. When the reflection control layer is colored and has transparency, a design exhibiting different colors can be expressed in the reflection control layer forming region and the opening forming region of the designable film. For example, in the opening formation region, the color of the functional layer can be exhibited, while in the reflection control layer formation region, a color mixture of the color of the functional layer and the color of the reflection control layer can be exhibited.

  When the reflection control layer is colored and transparent, the color of the reflection control layer is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the color of the reflection control layer is lighter than the color of the functional layer. This is because by making the reflection control layer lighter than the functional layer, the design contrast generated for each region can be clearly recognized.

  On the other hand, when the reflection control layer is opaque, the color exhibited by the reflection control layer is not particularly limited, and may be light or dark. Among them, a color that absorbs visible light is preferable, and a dark color is more preferable. This is because the dark color has a high ability to absorb visible light, and therefore, in the reflection control layer formation region, in addition to the light absorption by the protrusions, the light absorption by the dark color of the reflection control layer can enhance the reflected light reduction effect. A dark color means a color with high blackness, for example, black, gray, dark brown, etc. are mentioned.

  The reflection control layer can exhibit a low reflectance because a large number of protrusions formed on the surface have a predetermined variation. The reflectance of the reflection control layer may be lower than that of the functional layer, and the maximum reflectance in the visible light region of 380 nm to 780 nm is preferably 2.0% or less, and more preferably 1.5% or less. Since the maximum reflectance of the reflection control layer is not more than the above-mentioned upper limit value, the reflectance is low with respect to the entire wavelength range of visible light, the reflected light can be sufficiently reduced, and the effect is visually confirmed. Because it can.

The maximum reflectivity of the reflection control layer is a total reflection with respect to 8 ° incident light (wavelength region: 380 nm to 780 nm) using Scanning Spectrophotometer UV-3100PC (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) as a measuring device, with the projection shaped surface as the light incident surface. It is obtained by measuring. Specifically, the integrated reflectance in all directions when light having a wavelength in the visible light region of 380 nm to 780 nm is incident at 8 ° can be obtained, and the highest reflectance among them can be obtained. The maximum reflectance of the functional layer described later is also measured by the same method.
When the reflection control layer is light transmissive, a black layer such as black tape is disposed on the back surface for measurement. In addition, when measuring the maximum reflectance of the reflection control layer, the reflection control layer is laminated on the transparent substrate and measured with the black layer disposed on the back surface. The maximum reflectance at this time is measured with the maximum reflection of the reflection control layer. It can also be a rate.

The reflection control layer can exhibit a high haze value because a large number of protrusions formed on the surface have a predetermined variation. The haze value of the reflection control layer is preferably 70% or more, and more preferably 80% or more. The upper limit of the haze value is preferably 95% or less.
If the haze value of the reflection control layer is smaller than the above range, a large number of protrusions will not have a predetermined variation described later, and light absorption due to multiple reflections of light and Mie scattering is less likely to occur. This is because light may not be reduced. In addition, light is not sufficiently scattered in the reflection control layer, and total reflection at the interface between the reflection control layer and the functional layer may not be sufficiently suppressed. On the other hand, if the haze value is larger than the upper limit, it may be difficult to shape a desired protrusion on the surface of the reflection control layer.

  The haze value is measured by a method based on JIS K-7361 using a haze meter (trade name: Hazeguard manufactured by Toyo Seiki Seisakusho). When measuring the haze value of the reflection control layer, the haze value was measured in a state in which the reflection control layer was laminated on a transparent substrate showing a low haze value (for example, 1% or less). ".

  The reflection control layer preferably has a small refractive index difference from the functional layer. If the difference in refractive index between the reflection control layer and the functional layer is large, a discontinuous interface with a refractive index is formed at the interface between the layers, and light is reflected at the discontinuous interface. This is because the light reduction effect may be impaired. Although the refractive index of the reflection control layer depends on the type of material to be selected, it is preferably in the range of 1.2 to 2.4, for example, and preferably in the range of 1.2 to 1.8. The refractive index is measured by a precision spectrometer GMR-1DA type manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation.

3. Others The material constituting the reflection control layer may be any material as long as the projection can be formed on the surface, and a resin is usually used. The resin may be a thermoplastic resin, or may be a cured resin obtained by curing an ionizing radiation curable resin or a thermosetting resin, and various types of cured resins can be used.
Examples of the thermoplastic resin include acrylate resin, polyester resin, polycarbonate resin, polyethylene resin, and polypropylene resin. Examples of the ionizing radiation curable resin include acrylate resins, epoxy resins, polyester resins, and the like. Examples of the thermosetting resin include acrylate resins, urethane resins, epoxy resins, polysiloxane resins, and the like.
The ionizing radiation means electromagnetic waves or charged particles having energy that can be cured by polymerizing molecules. For example, all ultraviolet rays (UV-A, UV-B, UV-C), visible rays, gamma rays X-rays, electron beams and the like.

  The reflection control layer may contain any material as necessary. For example, colorants, refractive index adjusters, polymerization initiators, mold release agents, photosensitizers, antioxidants, polymerization inhibitors, crosslinking agents, infrared absorbers, antistatic agents, viscosity modifiers, adhesion improvers Etc. can be contained. Examples of the refractive index adjusting agent include a low refractive index material disclosed in JP2013-142821A.

The thickness of the reflection control layer is not particularly limited and can be appropriately set in consideration of the material to be used, required strength, and the like. For example, the thickness is preferably in the range of 3 μm to 200 μm, and more preferably in the range of 5 μm to 100 μm. preferable.
The thickness of the reflection control layer refers to the average length from the contact surface with the functional layer to the highest position among the tops of the protrusions.

The reflection control layer is formed in a pattern on the functional layer and has an opening. That is, the opening is a portion where the reflection control layer on the functional layer is not formed.
The pattern shape of the reflection control layer may be a shape that can form an opening, and examples thereof include a stripe shape, a lattice shape, and a dot shape.
Moreover, the design according to the pattern shape of a reflection control layer can be displayed by making the pattern shape of a reflection control layer into a design pattern. Examples of the design pattern include patterns representing characters, symbols, numbers, patterns, marks, and the like.

The shape, number, size, and the like of the opening in the reflection control layer can be appropriately designed according to the pattern shape of the reflection control layer.
Moreover, the design according to the pattern shape of an opening part can be displayed by making the pattern shape of an opening part into a design pattern. An example of the design pattern is the same as the pattern example when the pattern shape of the reflection control layer is a design pattern.
The reflection characteristic at the opening is appropriately determined depending on the reflection characteristic of the functional layer described in the section “B.

B. Functional layer The functional layer in this embodiment is a layer that supports the reflection control layer.
Since the surface of the functional layer is exposed at the opening, the reflection characteristic of the opening forming region can be defined by the optical characteristics of the functional layer.
In the opening portion formation region, a design property different from that of the reflection control layer formation region can be expressed by the design of the functional layer itself located in the opening portion.

1. Examples of functional layer The functional layer may be transparent or opaque. The above-mentioned functional layer “has transparency” means a state in which the opposite side can be seen through more or less completely through the functional layer, and includes the concepts of “transparent” and “translucent”.
The functional layer may be colorless or colored.
The presence / absence of transparency of the functional layer, the presence / absence of coloring, and the like can be appropriately set according to the type of the functional layer to be selected. Specific optical characteristics of the functional layer will be described later.

The functional layer may be a single layer or a multilayer composed of two or more functional layers having different functions.
Hereinafter, layers assumed as functional layers will be described.

(1) Base material layer The material of a base material layer can be suitably selected according to the presence or absence of transparency, for example, resin materials, inorganic materials, such as glass, a ceramic, a metal, etc. can be used. When a metal is used as the material for the base material layer, the base material layer can also have a function as a reflective layer.
The form of the base material layer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a plate shape, a sheet shape, and a film shape.

  The thickness of the base material layer is not particularly limited as long as it can support the reflection control layer, and can be, for example, in the range of 0.025 mm to 20 mm.

When the other functional layer is provided on one surface of the base material layer, the presence or absence of transparency, the light transmittance, and the presence or absence of coloring of the base material layer are appropriately determined depending on the type and arrangement position of the other functional layer. You can choose.
For example, when the other functional layer is formed on the surface opposite to the reflection control layer side of the base material layer, the base material layer preferably has transparency.
Moreover, when a base material layer is colored and the designability of the designable film of this aspect is expressed by the color of the base material layer, the base material layer preferably has a high light-shielding property against visible light.
The transparency and light shielding property of the base material layer will be described in the section “2. Optical characteristics” described later.

(2) Printed layer The printed layer can improve the designability of the designable film of this aspect with a color or a pattern.
Conventionally known materials can be used as the material of the printing layer, and examples thereof include resin ink containing a binder resin and a colorant.

  The binder resin can be appropriately selected from conventionally known binder resins contained in the resin ink according to required physical properties, printability, and the like. For example, in addition to cellulose resin and acrylic resin, a simple substance such as urethane resin, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyester resin, alkyd resin, or a mixture containing these can be used. These resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The colorant can be appropriately selected from conventionally known colorants contained in the resin ink according to required physical properties, printability and the like. For example, inorganic pigments, organic pigments and dyes, metallic pigments made of scaly foils such as aluminum and brass, pearlescent pigments made of scaly foils such as titanium dioxide-coated mica and basic lead carbonate, etc. It is done.
Resin inks using highly light reflective pigments such as metal pigments and pearl pigments as colorants can be used as high-brightness inks, and the printed layer formed from the high-brightness inks also functions as a reflective layer. Can have.

  Resin ink may contain arbitrary materials, such as a crosslinking agent, a stabilizer, a plasticizer, and a hardening agent.

  The thickness of the printing layer is not particularly limited, and is appropriately set according to the ink to be used, the method for forming the printing layer, the use of the designable film of this embodiment, and the like.

The printing layer is usually formed on one surface of the base material layer. The printed layer may be a colored layer printed so as to cover the entire area of one surface of the base material layer, and is a pattern layer formed by drawing a desired pattern on one side of the base material layer. Or both of them.
When the print layer is a pattern layer, examples of the pattern include photographs, characters, symbols, numbers, patterns, drafts, and marks.

  The printed layer preferably has a high light shielding property against visible light. The light shielding property will be described in “2. Optical characteristics”.

The print layer 22 may be formed on the surface of the base material layer 21 on which the reflection control layer 2 is formed, as shown in FIG. 5A. As shown in FIG. The base material layer 21 may be formed on a surface facing the surface on which the reflection control layer 2 is formed.
When the printed layer is formed on the surface of the base material layer on which the reflection control layer is formed, the optical properties of the base material layer and the presence or absence of coloring are not particularly limited. On the other hand, when the printing layer is formed on the surface of the base material layer that faces the surface on which the reflection control layer is formed, the base material layer usually has transparency.

  The printing layer can be formed using a conventionally known printing method such as gravure printing, silk screen printing, offset printing, gravure offset printing, and inkjet printing.

(3) Reflective layer A conventionally well-known thing can be used as a reflective layer, For example, metal layers, such as metal foil and a metal vapor deposition film, etc. are mentioned.

  The metal material used for a metal layer will not be specifically limited if it is a metal material used for general decoration, According to the kind and formation method of a metal layer, it can select suitably. Examples of the metal material include metals such as iron, copper, gold, platinum, and aluminum.

  The thickness of the reflective layer is not particularly limited, and is appropriately set according to the type and material of the reflective layer.

  The reflective layer preferably has a high light shielding property against visible light. The light shielding property will be described in “2. Optical characteristics”.

  The reflective layer may be used as a single layer, but is usually formed on one surface of the base material layer. Since the reflection layer does not have optical transparency, it may be formed on the surface of the base material layer on the side where the reflection control layer is formed, and the surface of the base material layer on the side where the reflection control layer is formed; You may form on the surface which opposes. In this case, the base material layer preferably has transparency.

  As a method for forming the reflective layer, although depending on the type of material used, for example, a vacuum thin film method such as vapor deposition, sputtering, ion plating, CVD (Compound Vapor Deposition) can be used.

(4) Other functional layers Examples of the other functional layers include an adhesive layer, a shielding layer, a concavo-convex shaping layer, a fabric (felt, etc.), a light selective absorption layer, a light selective reflection layer, and the like. Each of these functional layers can be the same as that conventionally known.
In addition, the position where each of these functional layers is formed can be appropriately designed according to the use and function of the functional layer.

2. Optical characteristics The functional layer preferably has a higher reflectance than the reflection control layer. Specifically, the maximum reflectance in the visible light region 380 nm to 780 nm of the functional layer is preferably 1% or more. Since the contrast of the reflected light between the opening formation region and the reflection control layer formation region is increased because the maximum reflectance of the functional layer is within the above range, the brightness of the design expressed in the opening formation region can be reduced. It is because it can make it stand out. Moreover, it is because the design of the functional layer can be displayed as a design having high brightness and high gloss in the opening formation region.

The maximum reflectance of the functional layer is measured by the same method as that of the reflection control layer.
When the functional layer is composed of multiple layers, the maximum reflectance of the functional layer is determined in a composite manner depending on the type of each functional layer, the material used, the reflectance of the layer surface, and the like. Especially, since the reflectance in the outermost layer which contact | connects a reflection control layer among the functional layers which consist of multiple layers contributes most, it is preferable that the maximum reflectance of the said outermost layer is in the said range.

  Since the functional layer has higher surface smoothness than the reflection control layer, it can reflect light at a high reflectance on the surface of the functional layer, and between the opening formation region and the reflection control layer formation region. The contrast of the generated reflected light can be increased. About the surface smoothness of a functional layer, it can set suitably according to the kind of functional layer, the reflectance in a reflection control layer, desired design property, etc. When the functional layer is composed of a plurality of layers, the surface smoothness of the functional layer means the surface smoothness of the outermost functional layer in contact with the reflection control layer among the plurality of functional layers.

When the functional layer has transparency, the light transmittance of the functional layer can be equivalent to the light transmittance when the reflection control layer has transparency.
Further, when the functional layer has a light shielding property, it is desirable that the light transmittance of the functional layer with respect to the entire visible light wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm is 3% or less (1.5 or more in optical density OD).
When the light transmittance of the functional layer exceeds the above range, the contrast difference between the regions cannot be sufficiently obtained, the effect of the present invention cannot be sufficiently exhibited, and the design of each region becomes a problem in appearance. It is.
When the functional layer is composed of a plurality of layers, transparency and light shielding properties can be defined according to the function of each layer.

The functional layer preferably has a small refractive index difference from the reflection control layer. The reason is the same as the reason described in the section “A. Reflection control layer”.
The refractive index of the functional layer can be the same as the refractive index of the reflection control layer described above.

C. Others It is preferable that the designable sheet of this aspect has a large maximum reflectance difference between the reflection control layer forming region and the opening forming region. This is because the contrast of reflected light between the reflection control layer forming region and the opening forming region and the visual effect of the design expressed in each region can be enhanced.

The maximum reflectance difference between the reflection control layer formation region and the opening formation region can be set as appropriate according to the type of the functional layer and the desired design in each region.
For example, when the functional layer is a transparent layer, it is easy to distinguish between a glittering design expressed in the reflection control layer forming region and a matte design expressed in the opening forming region. The maximum reflectance difference is preferably 90% or more.
On the other hand, when the functional layer is an opaque layer such as a printing layer or a reflective layer or a light shielding layer, the maximum reflectance difference is preferably 0.5% or more, for example.
When the difference in the maximum reflectance is smaller than the above range, the difference in design properties for each region is not easily visually recognized, and the effect of the design sheet of this aspect cannot be sufficiently exhibited when used in decoration applications, etc. There is.
The maximum reflectance difference can be defined by the difference between the maximum reflectance of the reflection control layer and the maximum reflectance of the functional layer.

The designable film of this aspect has the feature that the light source is difficult to be reflected in the reflection control layer forming region in addition to the feature that the design property different for each region can be remarkably exhibited by improving the contrast of the reflected light between the regions. . This is because the haze value of the reflection control layer is high as described above.
That is, a conventional design film having a moth-eye structure in a low-reflection area usually has a low haze value and the incident light from the light source is not easily scattered, so that the light source is reflected on the low-reflection area. Cheap. For this reason, when the viewer visually recognizes the design on the low-reflection region, the visual recognition is easily hindered by the brightness of the reflected light source.

  On the other hand, in the designable film of this aspect, the haze value of the reflection control layer is high, and incident light from the light source is scattered in the layer, so that reflection of the light source in the reflection control layer formation region can be suppressed. . For this reason, when the viewer visually recognizes the design on the reflection control layer forming region, the visual interference due to the reflection of the light source hardly occurs, and the design can be clearly recognized.

D. Production method The production method of the designable film of the present embodiment is not particularly limited as long as it is a method capable of forming a reflection control layer in which a protrusion having a predetermined variation is shaped in a pattern on the functional layer, for example, An exposure method, a transfer method, or the like can be used.

  As a method for producing the designable film of this aspect by the exposure method, for example, a transfer original plate on which a large number of convex cone-shaped structures are formed on the surface according to the shape and variation of the protrusions formed on the reflection control layer is used. Preparatory process to prepare, on the surface of the transfer master plate on which the convex cone-shaped structure is formed, a soft mold forming composition containing a curable resin is applied, and the applied layer is cured to transfer the soft mold. And applying the composition for reflection control layer on the functional layer, and pattern-exposing the coating layer through a mask while pressing the shaping surface of the soft mold on the coating layer. It can have the reflection control layer formation process which hardens | cures and develops and forms a pattern-form reflection control layer.

  In addition, as a method for producing a designable film of this aspect by a transfer method, for example, a shaping region having a large number of convex cone-shaped structures according to the shape and variation of the protrusion shaped on the reflection control layer, and A preparatory step in which a flat region having a flat surface is formed in a pattern, and the shaping region and the flat region have a step corresponding to the thickness of the reflection control layer; A soft mold forming process in which a soft mold composition containing a curable resin is applied and cured on the surface on which the shaping area and the flat area are formed, and the soft mold is transferred and reflected on the functional layer. It is possible to have a reflection control layer forming step of applying the composition for the control layer, pressing the shaping surface of the soft mold on the application layer, curing the application layer, and forming a reflection control layer.

The material of the transfer original plate is not particularly limited as long as it can form the convex cone-shaped structure having the predetermined variation described in the above section “A. Reflection control layer 1. Projection”. However, metal, resin, etc. are mentioned, but metal is preferable among them.
The convex conical structure of the transfer original plate is formed, for example, by blasting the surface of a stainless steel plate and subjecting the stainless steel plate to a processed surface by electrolytic plating while gradually reducing the current value. Can do. Examples of the electrolytic plating treatment include treatment by electrolytic nickel plating, electrolytic chromium plating, electrolytic tin plating, and the like. At this time, by adjusting the surface roughness of the blast, the variation of the convex cone-shaped structure can be adjusted. Further, the height of the convex cone-shaped structure can be adjusted by adjusting the ratio of decreasing the current value stepwise.

The soft mold composition is not particularly limited as long as it can accurately transfer the convex cone-shaped structure of the transfer original plate, and a resin generally used for forming a resin original plate can be selected. The soft mold composition may contain any additive as required. The application method of the soft mold composition is not particularly limited, and a general application method can be appropriately selected.
The soft mold preferably has light transparency. This is because the application layer of the composition for the reflection control layer formed on the functional layer can be cured by irradiating light, electron beam or the like from the soft mold side.

  The composition for the reflection control layer contains the material described in the above-mentioned section “A. Reflection control layer”, and a conventionally known method can be applied as the coating method. The curing method and curing conditions of the composition for reflection control layer can be appropriately selected according to the type of resin contained.

II. Second Aspect The second aspect of the designable film of the present invention (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “this aspect” in this section) is formed in a pattern on the functional layer and the functional layer, and has an opening. A reflection control layer having a portion, and the reflection control layer has a plurality of groove portions formed on a surface thereof, and the shape in plan view of the groove opening portion that is a region surrounded by the side surfaces of the groove portions is an octagon. The average of the area when approximating to 94000 nm ² or more and 131000 nm ² or less, and the dispersion of the maximum inner angle when the plan view shape of the groove part of the groove part is approximated to an octagon is 600 or more and 1020 or less. And the other groove portion having the center of gravity of the groove portion at a position closest to the center of gravity when the planar view shape of the groove portion of the one groove portion is approximated to an octagon. , Center of gravity distance ( Lower, in this section, or less average 500nm when there is.) Referred to as "nearest distance between the centers of gravity", in which the dispersion of the distance between the centroids is equal to or is more than 8000.

The designable film of this embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the designable film of this aspect, and FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion C in FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the shape of the groove portion, FIG. 8 (a) is a schematic perspective view of the groove portion, and FIG. 8 (b) is a schematic plan view of the groove portion.
The designable film 10 of this embodiment has at least the functional layer 1 and the reflection control layer 2 that is formed in a pattern on the functional layer 1 and has the opening 3. The reflection control layer 2 has a large number of grooves 12 formed on the surface thereof with a predetermined variation in shape and arrangement position. Variations in the shapes and arrangement positions of a large number of grooves are sometimes simply referred to as “variations in (grooves)”. Further, the surface of the functional layer 1 is exposed at the opening 3.
In the designable film 10, the region where the reflection control layer 2 is formed becomes a reflection control layer formation region A having low reflection characteristics, and the region where the opening 3 is located becomes an opening formation region B having high reflection characteristics. .
In FIG. 7, P indicates a surface on which the groove opening d, which is a region surrounded by the side surface of the groove 12 in the reflection control layer 1, is located.

Here, the predetermined variation of a large number of grooves formed on the surface of the reflection control layer is defined by quantifying three parameters.
The first parameter depends on the size of the groove opening portion (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as the groove opening portion) that is an area surrounded by the side surface of the groove portion. The groove has a groove opening in the surface of the reflection control layer. In this embodiment, the fact that a large number of groove portions have a predetermined variation means that the average area S when the planar view shape of the groove opening portions d of the groove portions 12A and 12B is approximated to an octagon as shown in FIG. There say to be within the scope of 94000Nm ² more 131000Nm ² or less.
The second parameter depends on the shape of the groove opening. In this aspect, the fact that a large number of groove portions have a predetermined variation means that the dispersion of the maximum inner angle is 600 to 1020 when the plan view shape of the groove portion is approximated to an octagon as shown in FIG. It means being inside.
The third parameter is due to the positional relationship between adjacent grooves. In this aspect, the fact that a large number of groove portions have a predetermined variation means that the shape in plan view of one groove portion 12A and the groove opening portion d of one groove portion 12A is approximated to an octagon as shown in FIG. The average of the distances between the centers of gravity (distances between the nearest centers of gravity) L with the other grooves 12B having the center of gravity O when the plan view shape of the groove opening d is approximated to an octagon at the position closest to the center of gravity O Is 500 nm or less and the dispersion is 8000 or more.
That is, the phrase “a plurality of grooves have“ predetermined variation ”” means that each of the first to third parameters is within the predetermined range described above (hereinafter may be referred to as a predetermined value).

  According to the designable film of this aspect, since the surface of the reflection control layer formed in a pattern is formed with a number of grooves having predetermined variations in shape and arrangement, the reflection control layer is For the same reason as in “I. First aspect” described above, it is possible to exhibit a higher reflected light reduction effect than the moth-eye structure layer. As a result, the contrast of the reflected light generated between the regions is improved due to the difference in the reflection characteristics between the reflection control layer formation region and the opening formation region. The designability of the entire designable film due to the difference in effect can be improved. The specific action and effect of the surface structure of the reflection control layer is the same as the reason described in the above-mentioned section “I. First Mode”, and thus the description thereof is omitted here.

Regarding the reflection characteristics of each region in the designable film of this aspect, the reflection characteristics exhibited by the protrusions of the reflection control layer of the designable film of the first aspect described above are exhibited by the grooves in this aspect. Except for the above, since it is the same as the contents described in the above-mentioned section “I. First Mode”, the details are omitted.
In the designable film according to this aspect, since a large number of grooves are formed on the surface of the reflection control layer with a predetermined variation, the protrusions described in the above section “I. First aspect” With the same function, the reflectance in the reflection control layer formation region can be reduced, and the intensity of specific wavelength light can be suppressed from increasing due to interference. Further, in the groove part, in particular, the groove opening part, in addition to light absorption into the reflection control layer due to multiple reflections, Mie scattering of light due to the shape of the groove part occurs, so the above-mentioned item “I. First aspect”. As described above, the amount of light absorbed into the reflection control layer is further increased, and the reflectance can be further reduced.

  About the design property expressed by the design property film of this aspect, since it is the same as the content demonstrated in the term of "I. 1st aspect", description here is abbreviate | omitted.

  In this aspect, the groove portion is formed in the reflection control layer, so that the structural durability is also high. In the case where the protrusion is formed in the reflection control layer, it is expected that the effect of reducing the reflected light is reduced if the protrusion is damaged or deformed by an external impact. On the other hand, the groove portion is not easily damaged or deformed by an external impact, and can exhibit a high reflected light reduction effect by the reflection control layer over a long period of time.

The design film of this embodiment is the above-mentioned “I. First embodiment” except that a large number of grooves are formed on the surface of the reflection control layer in place of a large number of protrusions with a predetermined variation. Since it is the same as that described in the section, description here is omitted.
Hereinafter, the reflection control layer in the designable film of this embodiment will be described in detail.

A. Reflection Control Layer The reflection control layer in this embodiment is a layer that is formed in a pattern on the functional layer and has an opening. The reflection control layer has a large number of grooves on the surface, and the large number of grooves have a predetermined variation.

1. Groove part The groove part has a predetermined variation in its shape and arrangement position.

The reflected light reduction effect in the reflection control layer forming region is determined by the degree of variation exhibited by a large number of grooves.
Here, the variation in the shape and arrangement position of the groove portion is defined by quantifying three parameters of “the size of the groove portion”, “the shape of the groove portion”, and “the positional relationship between adjacent groove portions”, When each parameter shows the above-mentioned predetermined value, many said groove parts can have predetermined dispersion | variation.
Hereinafter, a parameter quantification method for defining the variation of the groove and each parameter defined by the quantification method will be described.

(1) Parameter quantification method The variation of the shape and the arrangement position of the groove is calculated by extracting a desired number of points from a large number of grooves provided on the reflection control layer, and quantified. Regarding the groove extraction method, the minimum number of extraction points of the groove per one visual field range, and the number of detections of the visual field range for performing the extraction of the groove part, the above-mentioned “I. First aspect A. Reflection control layer 1. Protrusion (1) The same method as the protrusion extraction method described in the section “Parameter quantification method” can be used.

Each parameter is quantified by the following procedure.
(A) An in-plane arrangement of grooves is detected using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) or an atomic force microscope (AFM). A desired number of groove portions are extracted from the detected in-plane arrangement, and the planar view shape of the groove opening portion, which is an area surrounded by the groove side surface, is detected for each groove portion. The plan view shape of the groove opening can be detected from the black-and-white contrast in the SEM image, and from the contrast of the color in the AFM image.
The specific method for detecting the planar shape is not particularly limited. For example, the edge strength is calculated by calculating the gradient by the first derivative of the contrast in the image, and the edge is locally detected from the gradient direction. It is possible to use a method of predicting a change and searching for a location where the gradient in the direction is locally maximal.

Subsequently, from the SEM image and the AFM image, the plan view shape of the groove opening portion is approximated to an octagon for each groove portion. At this time, a partially broken line is complemented. As a complementing method, a method of creating a closed space by providing a certain threshold value can be used.
For the approximation of the shape of the groove opening in plan view, a conventionally known method used when approximating the shape from the image can be applied, and is not particularly limited. For example, template matching, generalized Hough transform, Douglas-Peucker method, etc. This method can be used. The details of each method have been described in the section “I. First Aspect A. Reflection Control Layer 1. Protrusion (1) Parameter Quantification Method”, and thus the description thereof is omitted here.

(B) Next, for each groove portion, the area of the shape of the groove opening portion approximated to an octagon in plan view (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as the area of the groove opening portion) is calculated, and the size of the groove opening portion is calculated. Stipulate. The area of the groove portion can be calculated from a comparison between the pixel size of the image scale and the number of pixels included in the octagon. An average value and variance are obtained by statistically processing the calculated area. Existing spreadsheet software can be used for statistical processing.
Note that it is desirable to exclude outliers when determining the average value and variance of the groove opening area. The outlier means that the absolute value of the standardized score calculated by the following calculation formula is 3 or more.
Standardization score = (individual groove area-average value of groove area) / standard deviation

(C) Next, for each groove portion, a maximum inner angle of the shape of the groove portion approximated to an octagon in plan view (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as the maximum inner angle of the groove portion) is extracted and distributed by statistical processing. Is defined to define the shape of the groove opening. Existing spreadsheet software can be used for statistical processing. It is desirable to exclude outliers when determining the variance of the maximum inner angle. The outlier means that the absolute value of the standardized score calculated by the following calculation formula is 3 or more.
Standardized score = (maximum inner angle of each groove opening-average value of maximum inner angles of groove openings) / standard deviation

(D) Next, the positional relationship between adjacent grooves is defined. First, for each groove portion, the center of gravity of the shape of the groove portion approximated to an octagon in plan view (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as the center of gravity of the groove portion) is specified, and the position of the groove portion is defined. The center of gravity of the groove opening portion approximates the shape of the groove opening in plan view to an octagon, and has been described in the section “I. First aspect A. Reflection control layer 1. Projection portion (1) Parameter quantification method”. It can be specified by a method similar to the method for specifying the center of gravity of the bottom surface of the protrusion.

(E) Subsequently, the position of the center of gravity of each groove opening is coordinated. The position of the center of gravity of the groove opening can be coordinated by using an SEM image or an AFM image as a coordinate plane. The image can be coordinated by using a method similar to the method described in the above-mentioned section “I. First aspect A. Reflection control layer 1. Projection (1) Parameter quantification method”.
From the coordinates of the position of the center of gravity of the groove portion of each groove, the distance between the grooves of a specific groove and a plurality of adjacent grooves, that is, the distance between the centers of gravity is calculated. The distance between the center of gravity is the same as the method for calculating the distance between the center of gravity between the adjacent protrusions described in the section “I. First aspect A. Reflection control layer 1. Projection (1) Parameter quantification method”. It can be calculated by the method. The minimum distance among the calculated distances between the centers of gravity is defined as the “distance between nearest centers of gravity”.
In calculating the distance between the centroids between the adjacent grooves, the centroid between the adjacent protrusions described in the above section “I. First aspect A. Reflection control layer 1. Projection (1) Parameter quantification method”. In the calculation formula of the inter-distance, x ₁ and y ₁ are an x coordinate and a y coordinate indicating the position of the center of gravity of the groove portion of the specific one groove portion. Further, x ₂ and y ₂ are the x and y coordinates indicate the position of the center of gravity of Mizoguchi portion of the groove adjacent to the groove of the one particular.
The distance between the centroids can be calculated from a comparison between the pixel size of the SEM image or the AFM image and the number of pixels.

(F) The distance between the nearest centroids of each groove is extracted by the above method, and the average value and the variance of the distances between the nearest centroids are calculated by performing statistical processing using existing spreadsheet software. Define the positional relationship. It should be noted that outliers are preferably excluded when obtaining the average value and variance of the distances between the nearest centroids. The calculation method of the outlier is the average of the distances between the nearest centroids between the adjacent protrusions described in the section “I. First aspect A. Reflection control layer 1. Projection (1) Parameter quantification method”. This is the same as the calculation method for obtaining values and variances.

(2) Parameters Next, parameters that define variations in the shape and arrangement position of the groove portions will be described.

(A) Size of Groove Portion The size of the groove port portion is defined by the area when the plan view shape of the groove port portion is approximated to an octagon, that is, the area of the groove port portion. The area of the groove portion is a portion indicated by S in FIGS. 8B and 9A. FIG. 9 is a planar SEM image of the reflection control layer.

The average area of Mizoguchi portion may be within the range of 94000Nm ² more 131000Nm ² or less, is preferably Among them 99000Nm ² more 121000Nm ² within the following ranges. This is because it is presumed that Mie scattering occurs predominantly in the groove opening by setting the average area of the groove opening in the above range.
Further, when the average area of the groove openings is within the above range, the distribution of the area of the groove openings is preferably within a range of 4.08E + 9 or more and 1.06E + 10 or less.
The reason why the average and dispersion of the groove opening area are within the above-mentioned range is as described above in “I. First embodiment A. Reflection control layer 1. Projection (2) Parameter (a) Size of projection” Since this is the same as the reason for defining the average of the maximum width of the bottom surface of the protrusion and the preferable range of dispersion described in the above section, the description here is omitted. The unit of dispersion of the groove opening area is (nm ² ) ² .

(B) Shape of Groove Portion The shape of the groove port portion is defined by the maximum inner angle when the plan view shape of the groove port portion is approximated to an octagon. The maximum inner angle of the groove opening portion refers to a portion indicated by θ _max in FIG.

  The shape of the groove opening in plan view increases as the maximum inner angle increases, and the shape variation becomes closer to a regular octagon as the maximum inner angle decreases. Accordingly, the larger the variance of the maximum inner angle calculated for each extracted groove portion, the greater the variation in the planar view shape of the groove opening for each groove portion.

The dispersion of the maximum inner angle of the groove opening may be in the range of 600 to 1020, and preferably in the range of 640 to 980, particularly in the range of 640 to 810. If the dispersion of the maximum inner angle of the groove opening portion is larger than the above range, it may be difficult to design the groove portion in manufacturing. Because. The unit of dispersion of the maximum inner angle of the groove opening is degrees (°).
At this time, the average of the maximum inner angles of the groove openings is preferably in the range of 200 ° to 230 °. About the reason, it is the same as that of the prescription | regulation of the suitable range of dispersion | distribution of the maximum inner angle of a groove part.

(C) Positional relationship between adjacent groove portions The positional relationship between adjacent groove portions is that the groove center is located closest to the center of gravity when the shape of the one groove portion and the one groove opening portion is approximated to an octagon. It is defined by the average of the distance between the centroids (the distance between the nearest centroids) of the other groove part having
The position of the groove portion refers to the position of the center of gravity when the plan view shape of the groove opening portion is approximated to an octagon, and is a portion indicated by O in FIGS. 8, 9B, and 9C.

The distance between the nearest centroids is calculated and quantified by the method described above, and will be further described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 9C, the distance between the nearest centroids is closest to the centroid O when the planar view shape of the groove opening portion of the groove portion 12A is approximated to an octagon among the groove portions adjacent to the groove portion 12A. Then, the groove 12B having the center of gravity O when the shape of the groove opening in plan view is approximated to an octagon is extracted, and the distance L1 between the centers of gravity is calculated as the distance between the nearest centers of gravity. Next, out of the groove parts adjacent to the groove part 12B, the groove part 12C having the center of gravity O of the groove part at the position closest to the center of gravity O of the groove part of the groove part 12B is extracted, and the distance L2 between the center of gravity is set as the distance between the nearest center of gravity calculate.
The average of the distances between the nearest centroids is calculated by repeating the above operation, calculating the sum of the distances between the nearest centroids for the number of extracted points of the groove, and dividing by the number of extracted points.

The average distance between the nearest centroids may be 500 nm or less, and in particular, it is preferably in the range of 420 nm or less, particularly in the range of 410 nm or less. For the reason, the distance between the nearest centroids of the adjacent protrusions described in the above-mentioned section “I. First aspect A. Reflection control layer 1. Protrusion (2) Parameter (b) Positional relationship between adjacent protrusions”. Since it is the same as the reason for defining the distance, the description here is omitted.
The lower limit of the average distance between the nearest centroids can be set within a range that can be designed in production, and is preferably 330 nm or more, for example.

Further, when the average distance between nearest centroids is within the above range, the dispersion of the distance between nearest centroids may be 8000 or more, more preferably 11000 or more, and particularly preferably 12,000 or more. For the reason, the distance between the nearest centroids of the adjacent protrusions described in the above-mentioned section “I. First aspect A. Reflection control layer 1. Protrusion (2) Parameter (b) Positional relationship between adjacent protrusions”. Since it is the same as the reason for defining the dispersion of the distance, the description here is omitted.
The upper limit of the dispersion of the distance between the nearest centroids can be set within a range that can be designed in manufacturing, and is preferably 20000 or less, for example. The unit of dispersion of the distance between the nearest centroids is nm ² .

(3) Others The depth of the groove is not particularly limited as long as the above three parameters can have predetermined values, and the above-mentioned “I. First aspect A. Reflection control layer 1. Protrusion” It may be the same as the height of the protrusion described in the section “(3) Others”. The depth of the groove, Mizoguchi section refers to the length from the surface of the formed reflection control layer to the tip of the groove bottom, a portion indicated by h ₂ in Fig.
The depth of the groove is determined by detecting a maximum point and a minimum point of the depth of each groove using, for example, an atomic force microscope (AFM) and the like, and a specific reference position (for example, the groove opening portion is faced to the surface). The difference between the relative depths of each local maximum point position from the topmost surface position of the reflection control layer included in the inside is obtained as a histogram, calculated from the frequency distribution by the histogram, and averaged It becomes. For the detection method of the maximum point and the minimum point, the method described in the above-mentioned section of “I. First aspect A. Reflection control layer 1. Projection (1) Parameter quantification method” can be used.

Further, when the depth of the groove is within the above range, the aspect ratio of the depth to the maximum width of the shape of the groove opening in plan view may be a ratio that can exhibit a desired reflected light reduction effect. The aspect ratio of the height with respect to the maximum width of the bottom surface of the protrusion described in the above section “I. First aspect A. Reflection control layer 1. Projection (3) Others” can be used.
The maximum width of the shape of the groove opening in plan view means the maximum width that passes through the center of gravity when the shape of the groove opening in plan view is approximated to an octagon.

Since the groove portion has a concave conical structure, the shape of the groove portion can be shaped with high accuracy, and there is a manufacturing advantage that productivity is improved. The reason is the same as that described in the above-mentioned section “I. First Aspect A. Reflection Control Layer 1. Protrusion (3) Others”, and thus the description thereof is omitted here.
The tip shape of the groove bottom of the groove portion may be the same as the tip shape of the top portion of the protrusion described in the above section “I. First aspect A. Reflection control layer 1. Protrusion (3) Others”. it can.

The shape in plan view of the groove part is not particularly limited as long as it can be approximated to an octagon, for example, a round shape such as a circle or an ellipse, a polygon such as a pentagon, a hexagon, an octagon, or a dodecagon. Examples include shape.
Moreover, as a side surface shape of a groove part, it can be made to be the same as that of the above-mentioned "I. 1st aspect A. Reflection control layer 1. Projection part (3) Others".

2. Others The details other than the grooves of the reflection control layer can be the same as the contents described in the above-mentioned section “I. First aspect A. Reflection control layer”, and thus the description thereof is omitted here. In addition, the thickness of the reflection control layer in this aspect means the average length from the functional layer surface to the surface where the groove opening portion of the groove portion is formed.

B. Manufacturing Method The manufacturing method of the designable film of the present embodiment may be any method that can form a reflection control layer in which grooves having predetermined variations are formed on the functional layer in a pattern, for example, an exposure method, a transfer method, etc. Can be used.

  Examples of the manufacturing method based on the exposure method include a preparation step for producing a transfer master having a large number of convex cone-shaped structures formed on the surface according to the inverted shape and variation of the grooves formed in the reflection control layer, and the above transfer A first soft mold forming composition containing a curable resin is applied on the surface of the original plate on which the convex cone-shaped structure is formed, and the applied layer is cured to transfer and form the first soft mold. Soft mold formation step, second soft mold formation in which the second soft mold is transferred and formed by applying and curing a second soft mold forming composition containing a curable resin on the shaping surface of the first soft mold. Coating the reflection control layer composition on the functional layer and curing the coating layer by pattern exposure through a mask while pressing the shaping surface of the second soft mold on the coating layer; Develop It is possible to use a method going through the reflection control layer forming step of forming a patterned reflection control layer.

  In addition, as a manufacturing method by the transfer method, there are a shaping region having a large number of convex cone-shaped structures corresponding to the inverted shape and variation of the groove shaped in the reflection control layer, and a flat region having a flat surface. A preparatory step for preparing a transfer original plate formed in a pattern, wherein the shaping region and the flat region have a step corresponding to the thickness of the reflection control layer, and the shaping region and the flat region of the transfer original plate A first soft mold forming step of applying and curing a first soft mold composition containing a curable resin on the formed surface to transfer and form the first soft mold, and the shaping surface of the first soft mold A second soft mold forming step of applying and curing a second soft mold-forming composition containing a curable resin, and transferring and forming the second soft mold; and a composition for the reflection control layer on the functional layer Apply While pressing the excipients surface of the second soft mold on the fabric layer by curing the coating layer, the reflection control layer forming step of forming a reflection control layer may be used a method of undergoing.

  The convex cone-shaped structure of the transfer original plate in the preparation step corresponds to the inverted shape of the groove described in the above section “A. Reflection control layer 1. Groove”, and the inverted shape of the convex cone-shaped structure is And have a predetermined variation defined by quantification of the three parameters described in the above section. In the first soft mold forming step, a first soft mold is obtained in which a concave cone-shaped structure, which is an inverted shape of the convex cone-shaped structure of the transfer original plate, is obtained, and in the second soft mold forming step, A second soft mold is obtained in which a convex pyramid structure that is the inverted shape of the concave cone-shaped structure of the first soft mold is shaped.

  About the material of the said transcription | transfer original plate, its formation method, and the composition for soft mold formation, since it is the same as that of the content demonstrated in the above-mentioned item of "I. 1st aspect D. Manufacturing method", description here Omitted. The first and second soft molds may be formed using the same soft mold forming composition, or may be formed using soft mold forming compositions having different compositions.

III. Applications The designable film of the present invention improves the contrast of reflected light generated between regions due to the difference in reflection characteristics between the reflection control layer forming region and the opening forming region, and remarkably expresses different design properties in each region. Therefore, it can be used as, for example, a decorative film used for wallpaper, window film, posters, furniture, and the like.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. The above-described embodiment is an exemplification, and the present invention has substantially the same configuration as the technical idea described in the claims of the present invention, and any device that exhibits the same function and effect is the present invention. It is included in the technical scope of the invention.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples.

[Production Examples 1 to 7]
The reflection control layer in the designable film of the first aspect was obtained by the following method.

(Preparation of transfer masters A1 to G1)
The stainless steel plate was blasted and finished so that the arithmetic average surface roughness Sa in the three-dimensional surface roughness measurement was as shown in Table 1. Next, using a plating bath containing the following composition, using a graphite electrode as the anode, the current density is 1 from the start value (A / dm ² ) to the end value (A / dm ² ) under the conditions shown in Table 1. A predetermined value (A / dm ² ) was reduced every minute (1 step), and the plated surface of the stainless steel plate was subjected to electrolytic plating to form a black chromium plating film. As a result, transfer masters A1 to G1 having a large number of convex conical structures on the plate surface were obtained.

<Composition of plating bath>
・ Chromium chloride: 200 g / dm ³ (0.75 mol / dm ³ )
Ammonium chloride: 30 g / dm ³ (0.56 mol / dm ³ )
・ Oxalic acid: 3 g / dm ³ (0.024 mol / dm ³ )
Barium carbonate: 5 g / dm ³ (0.025 mol / dm ³ )
Boric acid: 30 g / dm ³ (0.49 mol / dm ³ )
Barium fluoride: 10 g / dm ³ (0.057 mol / dm ³ )

(Production of soft mold)
On the surface of each of the transfer masters A1 to G1 on which the convex cone-shaped structures are formed, an ultraviolet curable soft mold forming composition having the following composition is applied to form a polycarbonate having a thickness of 0.2 mm ( (PC) film (Panlite film, manufactured by Teijin Chemicals Ltd.) and UV irradiation was performed from the PC film surface side with a wavelength of 365 nm and an irradiation energy of 170 mJ / cm ² . After transferring the conical structure of the transfer original plate and curing the soft mold forming composition, the transfer original plate was peeled to obtain soft molds A1 ′ to G1 ′ in which concave conical structures were formed. .

<Composition for soft mold formation>
・ Urethane acrylate: 35% by mass
・ 1,6-Hexanediol diacrylate 35% by mass
・ Pentaerythritol triacrylate: 10% by mass
・ Vinylpyrrolidone: 15% by mass
・ 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone: 2% by mass
・ Benzophenone: 2% by mass
・ Polyether-modified silicone oil: 1% by mass

On the shaping surface of each of the concave conical structures of the soft molds A1 ′ to G1 ′, an ultraviolet curable reflection control layer composition having the following composition is applied, and a PET film (Cosmo Shine) is applied on the application surface. A4100, manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd., haze value (catalog value) = 0.9%). A reflection control layer a1 having a large number of protrusions on the outermost surface by irradiating ultraviolet rays (wavelength 365 nm, irradiation energy 170 mJ / cm ² ) from the PET film surface side to cure the coating layer and then peeling the soft mold. ~ G1 was obtained. The large number of protrusions of the reflection control layers a1 to g1 have the same shape and variation as the large number of convex conical structures of the transfer masters A1 to G1.

<Composition for reflection control layer>
・ Urethane acrylate: 35% by mass
・ 1,6-Hexanediol diacrylate 35% by mass
・ Pentaerythritol triacrylate: 10% by mass
・ Vinylpyrrolidone: 15% by mass
・ 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone: 2% by mass
・ Benzophenone: 2% by mass
・ Polyether-modified silicone oil: 1% by mass

[Production Comparative Examples 1 to 4]
Reflection control layers h1 to k1 were obtained in the same manner as in Production Example 1 except that the transfer masters H1 to K1 produced by the following method were used. The large number of protrusions of the reflection control layers h1 to k1 have the same shape and variation as the large number of convex conical structures of the transfer masters H1 to K1.

(Preparation of transfer masters H1 to K1)
Finish the blasting of the stainless steel plate so that the arithmetic average surface roughness Sa in the three-dimensional surface roughness measurement has the values shown in Table 2, and electroplating the processed surface of the stainless steel plate under the conditions shown in Table 2. Processing was performed to obtain transfer original plates H1 to K1 having a large number of convex conical structures on the plate surface.

[Production Examples 8 to 14]
The reflection control layer in the designable film of the second aspect was obtained by the following method.

(Preparation of transfer masters A2 to G2)
The stainless steel plate was blasted and finished so that the arithmetic average surface roughness Sa in the three-dimensional surface roughness measurement was as shown in Table 3. Using a plating bath having the same composition as in Production Example 1 and using a graphite electrode as an anode, the processed surface of the stainless steel plate was subjected to electrolytic plating treatment under the conditions shown in Table 3 to form a black chromium plating film. As a result, transfer master plates A2 to G2 having a large number of convex conical structures on the plate surface were obtained.

(Production of first and second soft molds)
The ultraviolet curable soft mold forming composition used in Production Example 1 was applied to the surface of each of the transfer masters A2 to G2 on which the convex cone-shaped structures were shaped, and a PC film (Production Example) The same as in Example 1) and UV irradiation under the same conditions as in Production Example 1 to cure the soft mold forming composition, and then the transfer master is peeled off to form a concave cone-shaped structure. Each shaped first soft mold was obtained.
The same composition for soft mold formation as that of the first soft mold was applied on the surface of the obtained first soft mold with the concave cone-shaped structure, and a PC film (used in Production Example 1) was applied. The second soft mold in which a convex cone-shaped structure is formed by peeling the first soft mold after curing the soft mold forming composition by UV irradiation under the same conditions. A2 ′ to G2 ′ were obtained, respectively.

  On the shaping surface of each convex cone-shaped structure of each of the second soft molds A2 ′ to G2 ′, the same UV curable reflection control layer composition as used in Production Example 1 is applied and applied. The PET film used in Production Example 1 was placed on the surface. After the coating layer was cured under the same conditions as in Production Example 1, the second soft mold was peeled off to obtain reflection control layers a2 to g2 having a large number of grooves on the outermost surface. The many groove portions of the reflection control layers a <b> 2 to g <b> 2 have the same shapes and variations as the inverted shapes of the many convex conical structures of the transfer original plates A <b> 2 to G <b> 2.

[Production Comparative Examples 5 to 8]
Reflection control layers h2 to k2 were obtained in the same manner as in Production Example 8 except that the transfer masters H2 to K2 prepared by the following method were used. The many groove portions of the reflection control layers h <b> 2 to k <b> 2 have the same shapes and variations as the inverted shapes of the many convex cone-shaped structures of the transfer original plates H <b> 2 to K <b> 2.

(Preparation of transfer masters H2 to K2)
Finish the blasting of the stainless steel plate and finish the arithmetic average surface roughness Sa in the three-dimensional surface roughness measurement to the values shown in Table 4 and electroplating the processed surface of the stainless steel plate under the conditions shown in Table 4 Processing was performed to obtain transfer original plates H2 to K2 having a large number of convex conical structures on the plate surface.

[Evaluation 1]
About each reflection control layer obtained by manufacture Examples 1-14 and manufacture comparative examples 1-8, SEM observation was performed on condition of the following.
For each of the reflection control layers obtained in Production Examples 1 to 7 and Production Comparative Examples 1 to 4, the scores shown in Tables 1 and 2 were extracted from the protrusions on the surface of the reflection control layer, and the SEM in plan view The average and dispersion of the maximum width of the bottom surface of the protrusion from the image, the average and dispersion of the distance between the nearest centroids of the protrusion, and | Σ _{(k = 1 to n)} cosφ _k / n | value and | Σ _{(k = 1) ˜n)} sinφ _k / n | value was determined.
The quantification of each parameter using the planar SEM image is performed by the method described in the above-mentioned section of “I. First aspect A. Reflection control layer 1. Projection part (1) Parameter quantification method”. The approximate shape of the base of the part was an octagon.

For the reflection control layers obtained in Production Examples 8 to 14 and Production Comparative Examples 5 to 8, the scores shown in Tables 3 and 4 were extracted from the grooves on the surface of the reflection control layer, and the SEM in plan view From the image, the average and variance were determined for the area of the groove opening, the maximum inner angle of the groove opening, and the distance between the nearest centers of gravity of adjacent grooves.
Quantification of each parameter using the planar SEM image was performed by the method described in the above-mentioned section of “II. Second Aspect A. Reflection Control Layer 1. Groove (1) Parameter Quantification Method”.
(conditions)
・ SEM: Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope S-4500 (manufactured by Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation)
Observation method: Top-View (from the shaping surface side of the reflection control layer)
-Pretreatment: Pt-Pd sputtering-Observation magnification: x10k
・ Field of view: 4μm in length × 4μm in width

[Evaluation 2]
For the reflection control layers obtained in Production Examples 1 to 14 and Production Comparative Examples 1 to 8, the maximum reflectance was measured under the following conditions. In the measurement, a color code (made by DIC, the same shall apply hereinafter) No. Measurement was performed by providing 582 black print layer.
(conditions)
・ Measurement device: Scanning Spectrophotometer UV-3100PC (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation)
Measurement method: Total reflection for 8 ° incident light (wavelength range: 380 nm to 780 nm)

[Evaluation 3]
For the reflection control layers obtained in Production Examples 1 to 14 and Production Comparative Examples 1 to 8, haze values were measured under the following conditions.
(conditions)
・ Measurement device: Haze meter HM-150 (Murakami Color Research Laboratory Co., Ltd.)
・ Measurement method: Method in accordance with JIS K7136

Each evaluation result is shown in Tables 1-4. In the table, μ represents an average value, and σ ² represents a variance calculated from the average value.

[Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4]
A plurality of acrylite opal 432 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd., maximum reflectance 40%) is prepared as a functional layer, and the UV curable reflection control layer composition used in Production Example 1 is applied on each functional layer. The shaping surface of each concave cone-shaped structure of the soft mold obtained in Production Examples 1 to 7 and Production Comparative Examples 1 to 4 was pressed onto each coating layer. Next, a photomask having a 5 cm square lattice pattern was placed on each soft mold, and pattern exposure was performed by irradiating ultraviolet rays from the soft mold side through the photomask under the same conditions as in Production Example 1. . Each soft mold is peeled and then developed to form patterned reflection control layers a1 to k1 having openings on each functional layer, and the design films of Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 are obtained. It was. In the obtained designable film, the opening forming region and the reflection control layer forming region were formed in a 5 cm square lattice pattern.

[Examples 8 to 14 and Comparative Examples 5 to 8]
Similarly to Example 1, the composition for reflection control layer was applied on each functional layer, and each of the second soft molds obtained in Production Examples 8 to 14 and Production Comparative Examples 5 to 8 was applied on each coating layer. The shaping surface of the convex cone-shaped structure was pressed. A photomask having a 5 cm square lattice pattern is placed on each second soft mold, and pattern exposure is performed by irradiating ultraviolet rays from the second soft mold side through the photomask under the same conditions as in Example 1. It was. After peeling off the second soft mold, development is performed to form patterned reflection control layers a2 to k2 having openings on the respective functional layers, and the designable films of Examples 8 to 14 and Comparative Examples 5 to 8 are formed. Obtained. In the obtained designable film, the opening forming region and the reflection control layer forming region were formed in a 5 cm square lattice pattern.

[Evaluation 4]
The designable films obtained in Examples 1 to 14 and Comparative Examples 1 to 8 are placed on an A4 size acrylic plate, and the functional layer is visible in the opening formation region and the functional layer in the reflection control layer formation region. The sensory evaluation by visual observation by five subjects was performed regarding the difference from the appearance. The criteria for sensory evaluation are as follows.
◎… The difference in the appearance of the functional layer between areas can be clearly recognized.
○: It can be recognized that there is a difference in the appearance of the functional layer between regions.
X: It cannot be recognized that there is a difference in the appearance of the functional layer between regions.
Table 5 shows the numbers of ◎, ○, and ×.

  In the designable films of Examples 1 to 14, a large number of projections or a large number of grooves formed on the reflection control layer have all three parameters within a predetermined range and have a predetermined variation. Therefore, the contrast of the reflected light is high between the regions, and the design properties that differ from region to region can be recognized well. On the other hand, in the designable films of Comparative Examples 1 to 8, many protrusions or many grooves formed on the reflection control layer have at least one of the three parameters not in the predetermined range and have a predetermined variation. Therefore, it is difficult to recognize the difference in design property due to the contrast of the reflected light between the regions, and the effect of the present invention cannot be obtained sufficiently.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Functional layer 2 ... Reflection control layer 3 ... Opening part 10 ... Designable film 11, 11A, 11B, 11C ... Protrusion part 12, 12A, 12B, 12C ... Groove part A ... Reflection control layer formation area B ... Opening part formation area

Claims (2)

Functional layer,
A reflection control layer formed in a pattern on the functional layer and having an opening;
Having at least
The reflection control layer has a large number of protrusions formed on the surface,
The average of the maximum width passing through the center of gravity of the bottom surface of the protrusion is in the range of 250 nm to 500 nm;
The average distance between the centers of gravity of the one protrusion and the other protrusion having the bottom center of gravity at a position closest to the center of gravity of the bottom surface of the one protrusion is 400 nm or less, and the distance between the centers of gravity Dispersion of 10000 or more,
The length direction and the width direction in the plane on which the protrusion is formed are defined by the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction, and the position of the top of the protrusion from the center of gravity of the bottom surface of the protrusion is seen in plan view When the angle φ (0 ° ≦ φ <360 °) is indicated and the number of extraction points of the protrusion is n (n ≧ 30),
| Σ _{(k = 1 to n)} cos φ _k /n|≦0.25 and | Σ _{(k = 1 to n)} sin φ _k /n|≦0.25 . Functional layer,
A reflection control layer formed in a pattern on the functional layer and having an opening;
Having at least
The reflection control layer has a number of grooves formed on the surface,
The average area when the plan view shape of the groove opening portion, which is a region surrounded by the side surface of the groove portion, is approximated to an octagon is in the range of 94000 nm ^{2 to} 131000 nm ² ,
The dispersion of the maximum inner angle when the plan view shape of the groove portion of the groove portion is approximated to an octagon is in the range of 600 or more and 1020 or less,
The distance between the center of gravity of one groove and the other groove having the center of gravity of the groove at the position closest to the center of gravity when the plan view shape of the groove of the one groove is approximated to an octagon. The designable film is characterized in that the average is 500 nm or less and dispersion of the distance between the centers of gravity is 8000 or more.