JP2017070142A - Brush motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a brush motor which can improve a life time.SOLUTION: A brush motor comprises: six magnetic poles M1 to M6 arranged at equal distances in a cylindrical shape; and an amateur 2 that is arranged in an inner diameter side of the six magnetic poles M1 to M6 and can rotate as a center of a rotation axis AX. The amateur 2 includes the rotation axis AX; an amateur core 3 that is fixed to the rotation axis AX and includes a plurality of tooth C1 to C7 each arranged at the equal distances in a circumferential direction; a plurality of coils L1 to L7 that is concentratedly wounded to each of the plurality of tooth C1 to C7; and a commutator COM that includes each of a plurality of segments S1 to S21. When an arc length of each of plurality of segments S1 to S21 is X and the arc length of each of a plurality of insulation parts 6 formed between the plurality of segments S1 to S21 is Y, a contact surface length W1 of a part contacting to the commutator COM in the pair of brushes B1 and B2 is (X+2Y) or more and (2X+3Y) or less.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a brush motor, and more particularly to a brush motor capable of improving the life.

  Brush motors have been used for various purposes in the past because of their good controllability and efficiency and easy miniaturization. A conventional brush motor is disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 1 below.

  The following Patent Document 1 discloses a permanent magnet having 2p poles, m (m is an odd number) rotor core teeth (tooth) facing the inner peripheral surface of the permanent magnet, and m × p commutator pieces. A DC (direct current) motor having a (segment) and two brushes is disclosed.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2-122576

  In recent years, from the viewpoint of reducing cogging torque and torque ripple and improving torque, a brush motor having six permanent magnets, seven teeth, 21 segments, and two brushes has been constructed. It is being considered. This configuration corresponds to the configuration in which m = 3 and p = 7 in Patent Document 1.

  However, when the above configuration is realized based on the description in Patent Document 1, there is a problem that the brush motor is consumed quickly and the life of the brush motor is low.

  The present invention is for solving the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a brush motor capable of improving the life.

  A brush motor according to one aspect of the present invention includes six magnetic poles that are circumferentially arranged at equal intervals, and an armature that is arranged on the inner diameter side of the six magnetic poles and that can rotate about a rotation axis. The armature includes a rotating shaft, an amateur core including a plurality of teeth fixed to the rotating shaft and arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and each of a plurality of coils wound around each of the plurality of teeth, A commutator that rotates together with the shaft, and includes a commutator including each of a plurality of segments arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, further comprising a pair of brushes in contact with the commutator, and a plurality of teeth The number of the plurality of segments is 21, and the arc length of each of the plurality of segments is X, and the arc length of each of the plurality of insulating portions formed between each of the plurality of segments is A pair of Y Contact surface length W1 of the portion in contact with the commutator in each brush is less (X + 2Y) or (2X + 3Y).

  Preferably, in the brush motor, a center position in the circumferential direction of one tooth among the plurality of teeth, or a center in the circumferential direction of one slot among each of the plurality of slots formed between each of the plurality of teeth. And the central position in the circumferential direction of one segment of the plurality of segments substantially coincide with each other.

  Preferably, in the brush motor, a center position in the circumferential direction of one of the plurality of teeth is substantially coincident with a center position in the circumferential direction of one of the plurality of segments.

  Preferably, in the brush motor, the plurality of segments include a first segment, a second segment, and a third segment that are maintained at the same potential when the brush motor operates, and the segment is between the first segment and the second segment. Six segments are sandwiched between the second segment and the third segment and between the third segment and the first segment along the circumferential direction. Each of the one end and the other end of the coil wound in a concentrated manner is directly connected to each of two segments adjacent to one segment in the circumferential direction.

  Preferably, in the brush motor, a central position in the circumferential direction of one slot of each of the plurality of slots is substantially coincident with a central position in the circumferential direction of one segment of the plurality of segments.

  Preferably, in the brush motor, the plurality of segments include a first segment, a second segment, and a third segment that are maintained at the same potential when the brush motor operates, and the segment is between the first segment and the second segment. Six segments are sandwiched between the second segment and the third segment and between the third segment and the first segment along the circumferential direction. The position of the center of the slot formed on one side along the circumferential direction substantially coincides with the position of the center of the circumferential direction of one segment, and between one segment and another segment When eight segments are sandwiched along one direction, each of one end and the other end of the coil concentratedly wound on one tooth has two segments adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. It is directly connected to each.

  Preferably, in the brush motor, each of the first, second, and third segments is connected by the same potential line along the first winding direction, and the third segment is connected to one tooth. The concentrated coil is connected to the coil by a crossover along the first winding direction.

  Preferably, in the brush motor, each of the first, second, and third segments is connected by the same potential line along the first winding direction, and the third segment is connected to one tooth. The concentrated winding coil and the first winding direction are connected by a jumper along a direction opposite to the first winding direction.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the brush motor which can improve a lifetime can be provided.

It is a top view which shows the schematic structure of the brush motor in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view which shows the structure of the amateur 2 in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. In 1st Embodiment of this invention, it is a top view which shows typically the relationship between brush B1 and B2 in case each contact surface length W1 of brush B1 and B2 is a lower limit, and commutator COM. . In 1st Embodiment of this invention, it is a top view which shows typically the relationship between brush B1 and B2 in case each contact surface length W1 of brush B1 and B2 is an upper limit, and commutator COM. . It is a figure which shows the connection state of each of several segment S1-S21 and each of several coil L1-L7 in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the circuit comprised by the coils L1-L7 in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the specific wiring of the connecting wire 8 and the connection line 9 in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows each winding order of the coils L1-L7 in the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the specific wiring of the connecting line 8 and the connecting line 9 in the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows each winding order of the coils L1-L7 in the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows schematic structure of the brush motor in the 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the connection state of each of several segment S1-S21 and each of several coil L1-L7 in the 4th Embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  [First Embodiment]

  FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of the brush motor according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view showing the configuration of the armature 2 in the first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, for convenience of explanation, some components such as the coils L1 to L7 are omitted.

  With reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the brush motor in the present embodiment is a DC motor, and includes six magnetic poles (magnets) M <b> 1 to M <b> 6 and an armature 2. The magnetic poles M1 to M6 are fixed to the inner peripheral surface of a yoke (not shown). Each of the magnetic poles M1 to M6 is circumferentially arranged at equal intervals in this order. The magnetic poles M1, M3, and M5 are N poles, and the magnetic poles M2, M4, and M6 are S poles.

  The amateur 2 is arranged on the inner diameter side of the magnetic poles M1 to M6 with a gap from the magnetic poles M1 to M6. The amateur 2 can rotate around the rotation axis AX. The amateur 2 includes a rotation axis AX, an amateur core 3, a plurality of coils L1 to L7 (the coils L5 to L7 are not visible in FIG. 2), and a commutator COM.

  The amateur core 3 includes a cylindrical portion 3a and a plurality of teeth C1 to C7. The cylindrical portion 3a is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the rotation axis AX. Each of the plurality of teeth C1 to C7 projects radially from the cylindrical portion 3a in the outer diameter direction. Each of the plurality of teeth C1 to C7 is arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Each of the plurality of teeth C <b> 1 to C <b> 7 is separated from each other by a slot 11. Each of the plurality of teeth C1 to C7 has a T-shape when viewed from the extending direction of the rotation axis AX.

  The commutator COM has a cylindrical shape and is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the rotation axis AX. The commutator COM rotates with the rotation axis AX. The commutator COM includes a plurality of segments (commutator arc pieces) S1 to S21. Each of the plurality of segments S <b> 1 to S <b> 21 includes a riser 5 for binding the crossover wire 8.

  Each of the plurality of segments S1 to S21 has an arc shape when viewed from the extending direction of the rotation axis AX, and is arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. An insulating portion 6 is formed between each of the plurality of segments S1 to S21. The center position in the circumferential direction of one tooth among the plurality of teeth C1 to C7 and the center position in the circumferential direction of one segment among the plurality of segments S1 to S21 substantially coincide with each other. In FIG. 1, the center position in the circumferential direction of the tooth C1 is defined as a position CL. The position CL substantially coincides with the center position of the segment S4.

  The circumferential center positions of the two members substantially coincide with each other is a central angle around the rotation center of the rotation axis AX, and the circumferential center positions of the two members are the same. It means that the central angle formed is 1 degree or less.

  Each of the plurality of coils L1 to L7 is concentratedly wound around each of the plurality of teeth C1 to C7. Each of the plurality of coils L1 to L7 is connected to each other in series via each of the plurality of segments S1 to S21. That is, each of the plurality of coils L1 to L7 is Δ-connected.

  In the present embodiment, the number of the plurality of teeth C1 to C7 is 7, and the number of the plurality of segments S1 to S21 is 21.

  3 and 4 are plan views schematically showing the relationship between the brushes B1 and B2 and the commutator COM in the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a view when the contact surface length W1 of each of the brushes B1 and B2 is the lower limit value. FIG. 4 is a view when the contact surface length W1 of each of the brushes B1 and B2 is the upper limit value.

  Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, the brush motor in the present embodiment further includes a pair of brushes B1 and B2 that come into contact with commutator COM. Each of the brushes B1 and B2 is disposed with an interval at which the central angle about the rotation axis AX is 180 degrees. Brush holders 7 are provided on both sides of each of the brushes B1 and B2 in the circumferential direction. The brush holder 7 holds each of the brushes B1 and B2.

  Each of the brushes B1 and B2 is always in contact with two segments of the segments S1 to S21 constituting the commutator COM. In FIG. 3, brush B1 is in contact with segments S4 and S5, and brush B2 is in contact with segments S15 and S16. The segment in contact with each of the brushes B1 and B2 changes according to the rotation of the armature 2.

  Here, each arc length of the plurality of segments S1 to S21 is an arc length X, and each arc length of the plurality of insulating portions 6 formed between each of the plurality of segments S1 to S21 is an arc length Y. . In this case, a contact surface length W1 of a portion that contacts the commutator COM in each of the brushes B1 and B2 (inner diameter side end portion in each of the brushes B1 and B2) is expressed by the following formula (1). Note that each of the contact surface length W1, the arc length X, and the arc length Y is a length in the rotation direction when viewed from the extending direction of the rotation axis AX.

  (X + 2Y) ≦ W1 ≦ (2X + 3Y) (1)

  In FIG. 3, W1 = (X + 2Y). That is, the contact surface length W1 is equal to the sum of the arc length X of one segment and the arc length Y of the two insulating portions 6. When the contact surface length W1 is (X + 2Y) or more, each of the brushes B1 and B2 always comes into contact with two segments. Thereby, the contact area between each of the brushes B1 and B2 and the commutator COM is enlarged, and the current density is reduced. As a result, brush consumption can be suppressed, and the life of the brush motor can be improved.

  In FIG. 4, W1 = (2X + 3Y). That is, the contact surface length W1 is equal to the sum of the arc length X of the two segments and the arc length Y of the three insulating portions 6. When the contact surface length W1 is (2X + 3Y) or less, it is possible to avoid a situation in which each of the brushes B1 and B2 is in contact with four segments at the same time. Thereby, the cogging torque can be reduced and the energization efficiency can be improved.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a connection state between each of the plurality of segments S1 to S21 and each of the plurality of coils L1 to L7 in the first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 5, the horizontal direction is the circumferential direction.

  Referring to FIG. 5, in the present embodiment, segments S1, S8, and S15 are connected to each other by the same connection line 9, and are kept at the same potential when the brush motor operates. Six segments S2 to S7 are sandwiched between the segment S1 and the segment S8 along the circumferential direction. Six segments S9 to S14 are sandwiched between the segment S8 and the segment S15 along the circumferential direction. Six segments S16 to S21 are sandwiched between the segment S15 and the segment S21 along the circumferential direction.

  Similarly, each of the segments S2, S9, and S16 is connected to each other by the same connection line 9, and is kept at the same potential when the brush motor operates. Each of the segments S3, S10, and S17 is connected to each other by the same connection line 9, and is kept at the same potential when the brush motor operates. Each of the segments S4, S11, and S18 is connected to each other by the same connection line 9, and is kept at the same potential when the brush motor operates. Each of the segments S5, S12, and S19 is connected to each other by the same connection line 9, and is kept at the same potential when the brush motor operates. Each of the segments S6, S13, and S20 is connected to each other by the same connection line 9, and is kept at the same potential when the brush motor operates. Each of the segments S7, S14, and S21 is connected to each other by the same connection line 9, and is kept at the same potential when the brush motor operates.

  Further, one end and the other end of the coil L1 concentratedly wound around the tooth C1 are directly connected to each of the two segments S3 and S5 adjacent to the segment S4 in the circumferential direction by the jumper wires 8. The segment S4 is a segment in which the center position in the circumferential direction of the tooth C1 substantially coincides with the center position in the circumferential direction.

  Similarly, one end and the other end of the coil L2 concentratedly wound around the tooth C2 are directly connected to each of the segments S6 and S8 by the crossover wires 8. One end and the other end of the coil L3 concentratedly wound around the tooth C3 are directly connected to the segments S9 and S11 by the jumper wires 8, respectively. One end and the other end of the coil L4 concentratedly wound around the tooth C4 are directly connected to the segments S12 and S14 by the jumper wires 8, respectively. One end and the other end of the coil L5 concentratedly wound around the tooth C5 are directly connected to the segments S15 and S17 by the jumper wires 8, respectively. One end and the other end of the coil L6 concentratedly wound around the tooth C6 are directly connected to each of the segments S18 and S20 by the jumper wires 8. One end and the other end of the coil L7 concentratedly wound around the tooth C7 are directly connected to each of the segments S21 and S2 by a jumper wire 8.

  Position relationship between teeth C2 and segments S6 and S8; Position relationship between teeth C3 and segments S9 and S11; Position relationship between teeth C4 and segments S12 and S14; Position between teeth C5 and segments S15 and S17 The relationship, the positional relationship between the teeth C6 and the segments S18 and S20, and the positional relationship between the teeth C7 and the segments S21 and S2 are the same as the positional relationship between the teeth C1 and the segments S3 and S5.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a circuit constituted by the coils L1 to L7 in the first embodiment of the present invention.

  Referring to FIG. 6, when the resistance values of coils L1 to L7 are resistance values R, the resistance value between brush B1 and brush B2 is resistance value R / 3.

  According to the present embodiment, by adopting a combination of 6 magnetic poles, 7 teeth, 21 segments, and 2 brushes, the effective slot 11 contributing to the rotation of the amateur 2 is greatly increased. The motor efficiency can be improved. In particular, since the armature 2 has the number of teeth C1 to C7 (slot 11) larger by one (seven) than the number of magnetic poles M1 to M6 (six), the teeth C1 facing the magnetic poles M1 to M6. It is possible to increase the total circumferential length of the portions C7 (effective portions contributing to the rotation in the amateur 2). Further, the circumferential length of the teeth C1 to C7 per piece is shorter than the circumferential length of the magnetic poles M1 to M6 per piece, and the rotation of the armature 2 can be maintained.

  In addition, according to the present embodiment, cogging torque and torque ripple can be reduced. It is known that the number of pulsations of cogging torque or torque ripple corresponds to the least common multiple of the number of magnetic poles and the number of teeth per one rotation of the amateur. The magnitude of cogging torque and torque ripple is inversely proportional to the number of pulsations. In this embodiment, since the number of teeth is 7 which is a prime number, the least common multiple (pulsation number) of the number of magnetic poles (6) and the number of teeth (7) is as large as 42, and cogging torque or torque The magnitude of the ripple can be reduced. As a result, the service life can be improved by reducing torque ripple (current ripple).

  Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, since the contact surface length W1 is equal to or greater than the sum of the arc length X of one segment and the arc length Y of the two insulating portions 6, the brushes B1 and B2 The contact area between each and the commutator COM increases, and the current density decreases. As a result, brush consumption can be suppressed, and the life of the brush motor can be improved. Further, since the contact surface length W1 is equal to or less than the sum of the arc length X of the two segments and the arc length Y of the three insulating portions 6, each of the brushes B1 and B2 simultaneously contacts the four segments. The situation can be avoided. As a result, the cogging torque can be reduced and the energization efficiency can be improved.

  [Second Embodiment]

  In the present embodiment, a winding method for realizing the connection state of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 5 will be described.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram showing specific wiring of the crossover line 8 and the connection line 9 in the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the winding sequence of each of the coils L1 to L7 in the second embodiment of the present invention. 7 and 9, the direction indicated by the arrow AR1 is the positive direction, and the direction opposite to the direction indicated by the arrow AR1 is the negative direction.

  7 and 8, the winding wound around the riser 5 of the segment S1 is extended in the positive direction, and is wound around the risers 5 of the segments S8 and S15 in this order. Is done. Thereby, each of the segments S1, S8, and S15 is connected, and the connection line 9 extending in the positive direction is formed. Subsequently, the winding from the segment S15 is extended in the positive direction and wound around the tooth C2 in the negative direction a predetermined number of times. Thereafter, the winding is wound around the riser 5 of the segment S6. As a result, the coil L2 having the segment S15 as the start of winding and the segment S6 as the end of winding is formed.

  The windings wound around the risers 5 of the segment S6 are extended in the positive direction and are wound around the risers 5 of the segments S13 and S20 in this order. Thereby, each of the segments S6, S13, and S20 is connected, and the connection line 9 extending in the positive direction is formed. Subsequently, the winding from the segment S20 is extended in the positive direction and wound around the teeth C6 in the negative direction a predetermined number of times. Thereafter, the winding is wound around the riser 5 of the segment S18. As a result, the coil L6 having the segment S20 as the start of winding and the segment S18 as the end of winding is formed.

  The windings wound around the riser 5 of the segment S18 are extended in the positive direction, and are wound around the risers 5 of the segments S4 and S11 in this order. Thereby, each of the segments S18, S4, and S11 is connected, and the connection line 9 extending in the positive direction is formed. Subsequently, the winding from the segment S11 is extended in the positive direction and wound around the tooth C3 in the negative direction a predetermined number of times. Thereafter, the winding is wound around the riser 5 of the segment S9. As a result, the coil L3 having the segment S11 as the start of winding and the segment S9 as the end of winding is formed.

  The windings wound around the risers 5 of the segment S9 are extended in the positive direction, and are wound around the risers 5 of the segments S16 and S2 in this order. Thereby, each of the segments S9, S16, and S2 is connected, and the connection line 9 extending in the positive direction is formed. Subsequently, the winding from the segment S2 is extended in the positive direction and wound around the teeth C7 in the negative direction a predetermined number of times. Thereafter, the winding is wound around the riser 5 of the segment S21. As a result, a coil L7 having the segment S2 as the start of winding and the segment S21 as the end of winding is formed.

  The windings wound around the riser 5 of the segment S21 are extended in the positive direction, and are wound around the risers 5 of the segments S7 and S14 in this order. Thereby, each of the segments S21, S7, and S14 is connected, and the connection line 9 extending in the positive direction is formed. Subsequently, the winding from the segment S14 is extended in the positive direction and wound around the teeth C4 in the negative direction a predetermined number of times. Thereafter, the winding is wound around the riser 5 of the segment S12. As a result, a coil L4 having the segment S14 as the start of winding and the segment S12 as the end of winding is formed.

  The windings wound around the risers 5 of the segment S12 are extended in the positive direction and are wound around the risers 5 of the segments S19 and S5 in this order. Thereby, each of the segments S12, S19, and S5 is connected, and the connection line 9 extending in the positive direction is formed. Subsequently, the winding from the segment S5 is extended in the positive direction and wound around the teeth C1 in the negative direction a predetermined number of times. Thereafter, the winding is wound around the riser 5 of the segment S3. As a result, the coil L1 having the segment S5 as the start of winding and the segment S3 as the end of winding is formed.

  The windings wound around the risers 5 of the segment S3 are extended in the positive direction, and are wound around the risers 5 of the segments S10 and S17 in this order. Thereby, each of the segments S3, S10, and S17 is connected, and the connection line 9 extending in the positive direction is formed. Subsequently, the winding from the segment S17 is extended in the positive direction and wound around the teeth C5 in the negative direction a predetermined number of times. Thereafter, the winding is wound around the riser 5 of the segment S15. As a result, the coil L5 having the segment S17 as the start of winding and the segment S15 as the end of winding is formed. The winding is completed by the above process.

  When the winding method of the present embodiment is adopted and a negative potential is applied to the brush B1 and a positive potential is applied to the brush B2, the armature 2 rotates in the positive direction (clockwise direction) as viewed from the commutator COM side.

  In addition, since the structure of the brush motor in this Embodiment other than the above-mentioned is the same as that of the case of 1st Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same member and the description is not repeated.

  According to the present embodiment, the same effect as in the case of the first embodiment can be obtained. In addition, since the winding is wound on the teeth existing at a position of about 180 degrees from the last connected segment among the three segments having the same potential, the crossover 8 can be extended in the circumferential direction. Thereby, the crossover wire 8 and the connection line 9 can be made difficult to interfere. In addition, since the winding direction of the connection line 9 that connects the segments having the same potential is the same as the winding direction of the connecting wire 8 that connects the segment and the teeth, the winding is wound in the windings of the coils L1 to L7. There is no need to change the line direction. As a result, winding is facilitated.

  [Third Embodiment]

  In the present embodiment, another winding method for realizing the connection state of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 5 will be described.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram showing specific wiring of the crossover wires 8 and the connection wires 9 in the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the winding order of each of the coils L1 to L7 in the third embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 10, “RV” indicates that the winding is folded in the negative direction.

  Referring to FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, the winding wound around the riser 5 of the segment S1 is extended in the positive direction, and is wound around the risers 5 of the segments S8 and S15 in this order. Is done. Thereby, each of the segments S1, S8, and S15 is connected, and the connection line 9 extending in the positive direction is formed. Subsequently, the winding from the segment S15 is folded back in the negative direction and wound around the tooth C2 in the positive direction a predetermined number of times. Thereafter, the winding is wound around the riser 5 of the segment S6. As a result, the coil L2 having the segment S15 as the start of winding and the segment S6 as the end of winding is formed.

  The windings wound around the risers 5 of the segment S6 are extended in the positive direction and are wound around the risers 5 of the segments S13 and S20 in this order. Thereby, each of the segments S6, S13, and S20 is connected, and the connection line 9 extending in the positive direction is formed. Subsequently, the winding from the segment S20 is folded back in the negative direction and wound around the teeth C6 in the positive direction a predetermined number of times. Thereafter, the winding is wound around the riser 5 of the segment S18. As a result, the coil L6 having the segment S20 as the start of winding and the segment S18 as the end of winding is formed.

  The windings wound around the riser 5 of the segment S18 are extended in the positive direction, and are wound around the risers 5 of the segments S4 and S11 in this order. Thereby, each of the segments S18, S4, and S11 is connected, and the connection line 9 extending in the positive direction is formed. Subsequently, the winding from the segment S11 is folded back in the negative direction and wound around the tooth C3 in the positive direction a predetermined number of times. Thereafter, the winding is wound around the riser 5 of the segment S9. As a result, the coil L3 having the segment S11 as the start of winding and the segment S9 as the end of winding is formed.

  The windings wound around the risers 5 of the segment S9 are extended in the positive direction, and are wound around the risers 5 of the segments S16 and S2 in this order. Thereby, each of the segments S9, S16, and S2 is connected, and the connection line 9 extending in the positive direction is formed. Subsequently, the winding from the segment S2 is folded back in the negative direction and wound around the teeth C7 in the positive direction a predetermined number of times. Thereafter, the winding is wound around the riser 5 of the segment S21. As a result, a coil L7 having the segment S2 as the start of winding and the segment S21 as the end of winding is formed.

  The windings wound around the riser 5 of the segment S21 are extended in the positive direction, and are wound around the risers 5 of the segments S7 and S14 in this order. Thereby, each of the segments S21, S7, and S14 is connected, and the connection line 9 extending in the positive direction is formed. Subsequently, the winding from the segment S14 is folded back in the negative direction and wound around the tooth C4 in the positive direction a predetermined number of times. Thereafter, the winding is wound around the riser 5 of the segment S12. As a result, a coil L4 having the segment S14 as the start of winding and the segment S12 as the end of winding is formed.

  The windings wound around the risers 5 of the segment S12 are extended in the positive direction and are wound around the risers 5 of the segments S19 and S5 in this order. Thereby, each of the segments S12, S19, and S5 is connected, and the connection line 9 extending in the positive direction is formed. Subsequently, the winding from the segment S5 is folded back in the negative direction and wound around the tooth C1 in the positive direction a predetermined number of times. Thereafter, the winding is wound around the riser 5 of the segment S3. As a result, the coil L1 having the segment S5 as the start and the segment S3 as the end is formed.

  The windings wound around the risers 5 of the segment S3 are extended in the positive direction, and are wound around the risers 5 of the segments S10 and S17 in this order. Thereby, each of the segments S3, S10, and S17 is connected, and the connection line 9 extending in the positive direction is formed. Subsequently, the winding from the segment S17 is folded back in the negative direction and wound around the tooth C5 in the positive direction a predetermined number of times. Thereafter, the winding end is wound around the riser 5 of the segment S15. As a result, the coil L5 having the segment S17 as the start of winding and the segment S15 as the end of winding is formed. The winding is completed by the above process.

  When the winding method of the present embodiment is adopted and a negative potential is applied to the brush B1 and a positive potential is applied to the brush B2, the armature 2 rotates in the negative direction (counterclockwise direction) as viewed from the commutator COM side.

  In addition, since the structure of the brush motor in this Embodiment other than the above-mentioned is the same as that of the case of 1st Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same member and the description is not repeated.

  According to the present embodiment, the same effect as in the case of the first embodiment can be obtained. In addition, since the winding is wound on the teeth existing at a position of about 180 degrees from the last connected segment among the three segments having the same potential, the crossover 8 can be extended in the circumferential direction. Thereby, the crossover wire 8 and the connection line 9 can be made difficult to interfere. Moreover, the wiring direction of the connecting wire 8 is simplified by making the winding direction of the connecting wire 9 connecting the segments of the same potential opposite to the winding direction of the connecting wire 8 connecting the segment and the teeth. be able to. As a result, winding is facilitated.

  [Fourth Embodiment]

  FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of a brush motor according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 11, for convenience of explanation, some components such as the coils L1 to L7 are omitted.

  Referring to FIG. 11, in the present embodiment, the circumferential center position of one slot among the plurality of slots 11, and the circumferential center position of one segment among the plurality of segments S1 to S21, Are almost identical. In FIG. 11, the center position in the circumferential direction of the slot 11 on the right side of the tooth C7 is defined as a position CL. The position CL substantially coincides with the center position of the segment S2.

  FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a connection state between each of the plurality of segments S1 to S21 and each of the plurality of coils L1 to L7 in the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 12, the horizontal direction is the circumferential direction.

  Referring to FIG. 12, the wiring of connection line 9 is the same as that in the case of the first embodiment shown in FIG. One end and the other end of the coil L1 concentratedly wound around the tooth C1 are directly connected to each of the two segments S13 and S15 adjacent to the segment S14 in the circumferential direction by the jumper wires 8. When the segment S5 in which the center position of the slot 11 formed on the right side in FIG. 12 along the circumferential direction in the tooth C1 coincides with the center position in the circumferential direction is identified, the segment S14 It is a segment that sandwiches 8 segments along the right direction in FIG.

  Similarly, one end and the other end of the coil L2 concentratedly wound around the tooth C2 are directly connected to each of the segments S16 and S18 by the jumper wires 8. One end and the other end of the coil L3 concentratedly wound around the tooth C3 are directly connected to the segments S19 and S21 by the jumper wires 8, respectively. One end and the other end of the coil L4 concentratedly wound around the tooth C4 are directly connected to the segments S1 and S3 by the jumper wires 8, respectively. One end and the other end of the coil L5 concentratedly wound around the tooth C5 are directly connected to the segments S4 and S6 by the jumper wires 8, respectively. One end and the other end of the coil L6 concentratedly wound around the tooth C6 are directly connected to the segments S7 and S9 by the jumper wires 8, respectively. One end and the other end of the coil L7 concentratedly wound around the tooth C7 are directly connected to the segments S10 and S12 by the jumper wires 8, respectively.

  Position relationship between teeth C2 and segments S16 and S18; Position relationship between teeth C3 and segments S19 and S21; Position relationship between teeth C4 and segments S1 and S3; Position between teeth C5 and segments S4 and S6 The relationship, the positional relationship between the teeth C6 and the segments S7 and S9, and the positional relationship between the teeth C7 and the segments S10 and S12 are the same as the positional relationship between the teeth C1 and the segments S13 and S15.

  The circuit constituted by the coils L1 to L7 in the present embodiment is the same as the circuit of the brush motor in the first embodiment shown in FIG. When the resistance values of the coils L1 to L7 are the resistance value R, the resistance value between the brush B1 and the brush B2 is the resistance value R / 3.

  When the connection state of the first embodiment and the connection state of the present embodiment are compared, the rotation direction of the armature 2 when the magnetization of the same arrangement is performed is reversed. However, the direction of rotation of the armature 2 can be freely set by reversing the current applied to each of the brushes B1 and B2, reversing the magnetic poles, or reversing the winding direction of the winding. Is possible.

  In addition, since the structure of the brush motor in this Embodiment other than the above-mentioned is the same as that of the case of 1st Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same member and the description is not repeated.

  According to the present embodiment, the same effect as in the case of the first embodiment can be obtained. In addition, since the wire is wound around a tooth that is located at a different position from the three segments having the same potential, the crossover wire 8 can be extended in the circumferential direction. Thereby, the crossover wire 8 and the connection line 9 can be made difficult to interfere. As a result, winding is facilitated.

  [Others]

  The above-described embodiments can be combined as appropriate. For example, by combining the second embodiment and the fourth embodiment, the winding direction of the connection line that connects the segments of the same potential, and the winding direction of the jumper line that connects the segment and the teeth, 12 may be applied to realize the connection state of FIG. In addition, by combining the third embodiment and the fourth embodiment, the winding direction of the connection line that connects the segments of the same potential, and the winding direction of the jumper line that connects the segment and the teeth, The connection state shown in FIG. 12 may be realized by applying a winding method in which the directions are opposite to each other.

  The above-described embodiment is to be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

2 Amateur 3 Amateur core 3a Cylindrical portion of amateur core 5 Riser 6 Insulating portion formed between segments 7 Brush holder 8 Crossover wire 9 Connection line 11 Slot formed between teeth AX Rotating shaft B1, B2 Brush C1-C7 Teeth CL Center position of teeth or slots in the circumferential direction COM Commutator L1 to L7 Coil M1 to M6 Magnetic pole S1 to S21 Segment W1 Contact surface length of the portion in contact with the commutator in the brush X Arc length of the segment Y Arc length of the insulating portion

Claims (8)

6 magnetic poles arranged at equal intervals in a circumferential shape;
An armature disposed on the inner diameter side of the six magnetic poles and rotatable about a rotation axis;
The amateur is
The rotating shaft;
An amateur core including a plurality of teeth fixed to the rotating shaft and arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction;
Each of a plurality of coils concentratedly wound on each of the plurality of teeth;
A commutator that rotates together with the rotating shaft, and includes a commutator including each of a plurality of segments arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction,
A pair of brushes in contact with the commutator;
The number of the plurality of teeth is 7, the number of the plurality of segments is 21,
When the arc length of each of the plurality of segments is X and the arc length of each of the plurality of insulating portions formed between each of the plurality of segments is Y, the rectification in each of the pair of brushes The contact motor length W1 of the part which contacts a child is a brush motor which is (X + 2Y) or more and (2X + 3Y) or less.   The center position in the circumferential direction of one tooth among the plurality of teeth, or the center position in the circumferential direction of one slot among each of the plurality of slots formed between each of the plurality of teeth, The brush motor according to claim 1, wherein the brush motor substantially coincides with a central position in the circumferential direction of one of the plurality of segments.   The brush motor according to claim 2, wherein a center position in the circumferential direction of one tooth among the plurality of teeth and a center position in the circumferential direction of one segment among the plurality of segments substantially coincide with each other. The plurality of segments include first, second, and third segments that are maintained at the same potential during operation of the brush motor, wherein the first segment and the second segment are arranged between the first segment and the second segment. 6 segments are sandwiched between the second segment and the third segment, and between the third segment and the first segment, along the circumferential direction.
4. The brush motor according to claim 3, wherein one end and the other end of the coil concentratedly wound on the one tooth are directly connected to each of two segments adjacent to the one segment in the circumferential direction. .   The brush motor according to claim 2, wherein a circumferential center position of one slot of each of the plurality of slots substantially coincides with a circumferential center position of one segment of the plurality of segments. . The plurality of segments include first, second, and third segments that are maintained at the same potential during operation of the brush motor, wherein the first segment and the second segment are arranged between the first segment and the second segment. 6 segments are sandwiched between the second segment and the third segment, and between the third segment and the first segment, along the circumferential direction.
The position of the center of the slot formed on one side along the circumferential direction in the one tooth substantially coincides with the position of the center in the circumferential direction of the one segment. When 8 segments are sandwiched between the segments along the one direction,
The brush motor according to claim 5, wherein one end and the other end of the coil concentratedly wound on the one tooth are directly connected to each of two segments adjacent in the circumferential direction to the other segment. . Each of the first, second, and third segments is connected by an equipotential line along a first winding direction;
The brush according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the third segment is connected to a coil concentratedly wound on the one tooth by a crossover along the first winding direction. motor. Each of the first, second, and third segments is connected by an equipotential line along a first winding direction;
The third segment according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the third segment is connected to the coil concentratedly wound on the one tooth by a jumper along a direction opposite to the first winding direction. The brush motor according to item.

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