JP2017047483A - Machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a machine tool which has a comparatively simple structure, and the excellent exchangeability of a tool.SOLUTION: A machine tool is equipped with a main shaft attached with a tool; a work table which is oppositely disposed to the main shaft, and to which work is fixed; a tool magazine which is provided on the work table, and has a tool storage portion storing a plurality of tools, a first cover member bringing the tool storage portion into an open state during tool replacement, and a second cover member provided oppositely to the first cover member; moving means for moving the work table to the main shaft; and cover actuating means which actuates the first cover member in a separating direction from the second cover member to bring the tool storage portion of the tool magazine into the open state, in linkage with the movement of the work table and the tool magazine by the moving means.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a machine tool in which an automatic tool changer or the like is incorporated and a tool magazine is provided.

  NC complex machine tools and the like are required to proceed efficiently with unmanned operation, and as one of them, one incorporating an automatic tool changer is generally used.

  Tool magazines of machine tools incorporating such automatic tool changers contain machining fluids such as cutting oil supplied during machining and generated chips, resulting in tool change defects and reduced machining accuracy. It is required not to cause a problem that causes

  For this reason, an automatic tool changer as disclosed in Patent Document 1 has been proposed as a technique for protecting the tool in the tool magazine from the machining liquid supplied to the machining area during machining and the chips generated by the machining. ing.

  In the tool changer disclosed in Patent Document 1, the periphery of a tool magazine having a plurality of tool hands each holding a grinding wheel is surrounded by a magazine cover, thereby forming a part of the magazine cover that protects the grinding wheel. The tool change window corresponding to the tool change position is opened.

  On the other hand, an opening / closing shutter is provided at one of the locations where the tool hand is provided in the tool magazine, and when the tool magazine is stopped at the tool non-change position, the opening / closing shutter closes the tool change window of the magazine cover.

  Thus, the opening / closing shutter is opened / closed in conjunction with the rotational motion that is the basic operation of the tool magazine, without using an independent opening / closing mechanism or device for opening / closing the opening / closing shutter.

JP 2012-148382 A

  However, since an automatic tool changer such as Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2012-14832 is provided with a rotation driving means for operating the tool hand and the opening / closing shutter, it leads to high cost, energy consumption, and running cost. There's a problem.

  The present invention provides a machine tool having a relatively simple configuration and excellent tool exchangeability.

  A machine tool according to the present invention includes a main shaft to which a tool is attached, a work table that is disposed opposite to the main shaft and to which a workpiece is fixed, and a tool that is provided on the work table and accommodates a plurality of tools. A tool magazine having a housing portion, a first cover member that opens the tool housing portion when the tool is changed, a second cover member provided to face the first cover member, and the work table with the spindle Moving in relation to the movement of the work table and the tool magazine by the moving means, the first cover member and the second cover member are operated in a direction away from each other. Cover actuating means for opening the tool accommodating portion.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the processing apparatus which can perform automatic replacement | exchange of a reliable cutting tool with a comparatively simple structure is realizable.

The perspective view of the machine tool (processing apparatus) which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. The side view of FIG. It is a perspective view of FIG. 1, Comprising: The figure which shows the open state of a tool magazine. FIG. 4 is a side view of FIG. 3. The principal part enlarged view of FIG. The top view of the tool magazine which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a perspective view of FIG. 1, Comprising: The figure which shows the open state of a tool magazine. The perspective view which shows the state which attaches a tool from the state of FIG. The perspective view which shows the state which attached and retreated the tool from the state of FIG. The figure which made the tool magazine into the closed state from the state of FIG. The perspective view which shows the tool magazine of the machine tool which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. The side view of FIG. The side view which made the tool magazine shown in FIG. 11 the open state. The perspective view which shows the tool magazine of the machine tool which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. The perspective view which shows the middle state which makes the tool magazine of FIG. 14 an open state. The perspective view which made the tool magazine the open state from the state of FIG. The perspective view which shows the tool magazine of the machine tool which concerns on Embodiment 4 of this invention. The perspective view which shows the middle state which makes the tool magazine of FIG. 17 an open state. The perspective view which made the tool magazine the open state from the state of FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail.

<Embodiment 1>
1, 2 and 6 show a processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1 and 2, a Y-axis table 14 is provided on the base 10 and is movable in the Y-axis direction by a Y-axis drive mechanism (not shown).

  The Y-axis table 14 is provided with a work mounting table (X-axis table) 16 and is movable in the X-axis direction by an X-axis drive mechanism (not shown). A workpiece to be machined is detachably attached to the workpiece attachment table 16, and a tool magazine 20 is provided, and its periphery is covered with a movable cover.

  The movable cover includes a first cover member 22 and a second cover member 24, and a cover opening / closing member 26 is provided on the first cover member. An elastic member 28 is provided as an urging means inside the movable cover, and the movable cover is closed by the urging force.

The first cover member 22 and the second cover member 24 are connected by a gear mechanism 29, and are in a state of operating in conjunction with each other.

  A column 12 is fixed to the base 10, and a Z-axis slider 18 is provided on the column 12, and is movable in the Z-axis direction by a Z-axis drive mechanism (not shown).

  The Z-axis slider 18 is provided with a main shaft 30, and a tip portion of the main shaft 30 is in a state in which a tool holder 32 to which a cutting tool 34 is attached can be attached and detached.

  A contact member 40 is provided in the vicinity of the Z-axis slider 18.

  Next, a method for installing the tool holder in the tool magazine will be described.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, when the machining apparatus receives a movement command to the tool holder installation position, the Z-axis slider 18 is positioned at a predetermined position by a Z-axis drive unit (not shown).

  Next, from the state shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the processing apparatus moves the tool magazine 20 to a position where the predetermined tool holder 32 can be easily installed in the tool magazine 20 as shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 5. Is moved and positioned in the XY-axis direction.

  The tool magazine 20 is moved by moving the workpiece mounting table 16 in the X-axis direction by the X-axis drive mechanism and moving the Y-axis table 14 in the Y-axis direction by the Y-axis drive mechanism.

  At this time, the cover opening / closing member 26 provided on the first cover member 22 of the movable cover comes into contact with the hook-shaped contact member 40 and exceeds the inelastic force of the elastic member 28 provided inside the tool magazine 20. The first cover member 22 of the movable cover is changed from the closed state to the opened state by the driving force of the driving mechanism.

  Further, the first cover member 22 and the second cover member 24 can be interlocked by the gear mechanism 29, and the second cover member 24 is changed as the first cover member 22 changes from the closed state to the open state. Also changes from the closed state to the open state. The opening direction of the second cover member 24 is a direction opposite to the opening direction of the first cover member 22.

  As shown in FIG. 3, when the first cover member 22 and the second cover member 24 are opened in the facing direction, the opening becomes wider, and it is easy for a person to install the tool holder 32 in the tool magazine 20. . Widening the opening improves visibility and leads to accurate work, thus preventing failure of tool replacement due to installation errors.

  Next, an automatic tool change method will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, and 4 to 10.

  When the processing apparatus receives an instruction to grip the tool holder 32 to which the cutting tool 34 is attached, the Z-axis slider 18 is positioned at a predetermined position by a Z-axis driving unit (not shown).

  Next, the machining apparatus starts from the state shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 7, the tool holder 32 to which the cutting tool 34 stored in the tool magazine 20 is attached, and the central axis of the main shaft 30. The tool magazine 20 is moved and positioned in the XY axis directions so as to be coaxial.

  The movement of the tool holder 32 to which the cutting tool 34 housed in the tool magazine 20 is attached moves the workpiece attachment table 16 in the X-axis direction by the X-axis drive mechanism and the Y-axis table 14 by the Y-axis drive mechanism. This is done by moving in the direction.

  At this time, the cover opening / closing member 26 provided on the first cover member 22 of the movable cover comes into contact with the hook-shaped contact member 40 and exceeds the inelastic force of the elastic member 28 provided inside the tool magazine 20. The first cover member 22 of the movable cover is changed from the closed state to the opened state by the driving force of the driving mechanism.

  As the first cover member 22 changes from the closed state to the open state, the second cover member 24 also changes from the closed state to the open state by the gear mechanism 29. The opening direction of the second cover member 24 is a direction opposite to the opening direction of the first cover member 22. That is, the second cover member 24 rotates in a direction away from the first cover member 22 (retracting direction), and the first cover member 22 and the second cover member 24 move in a direction away from each other, whereby the tool The magazine 20 is fully opened.

  The driving means used is the minimum necessary driving means for processing the workpiece to be processed into a desired shape, and no driving means is provided for opening and closing the movable cover.

  After the positioning of the XY axes is completed, the Z-axis slider 18 is lowered to the position shown in FIG. The Z-axis slider 18 is moved by being moved in the Z-axis direction by a Z-axis drive mechanism.

  As the Z-axis slider 18 is lowered, the tool holder 32 to which the cutting tool 22 housed in the tool magazine 20 is attached is inserted into the grip portion of the tool holder 32 of the main shaft 30.

  The main shaft 30 grips the tool holder 32 to which the cutting tool 34 is attached, and the Z-axis slider 18 rises to the position shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the tool magazine 20 is moved in the XY-axis directions and positioned at a predetermined position. The tool magazine 20 is moved by moving the workpiece mounting table 16 in the X-axis direction by the X-axis drive mechanism and moving the Y-axis table 14 in the Y-axis direction by the Y-axis drive mechanism.

  At this time, the cover opening / closing member 26 of the first cover member 22 is separated from the state in contact with the contact member 40, and the movable cover is closed from the open state by the inelastic force of the elastic member 28 provided in the tool magazine 20. It becomes a state.

<Embodiment 2>
The second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 11, 12, and 13. The embodiment mobile phone 2 is an example in which the first cover member 22 and the second cover member 24 are interlocked by a cam mechanism to be in an open state.

  As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, a workpiece to be processed is detachably attached to the workpiece attachment table 16, a tool magazine is provided, and a movable cover covers the periphery of the tool magazine.

  The movable cover includes a first cover member 52 and a second cover member 54, and the first cover member 52 is provided with a cover opening / closing member 26.

  Elastic members 28 and 58 are provided inside the movable cover, and the elastic member 28 closes the first cover member 52 and the elastic member 58 closes the second cover member 52 due to an inferior force.

The first cover member 22 and the second cover member 24 are connected by a cam mechanism 56 and are in a state of operating in conjunction with each other.

As shown in FIG. 13, when the movable cover is changed from the closed state to the open state, the cover opening / closing member 26 is brought into contact with the contact member 40 as in the first embodiment.

  When the opening state is changed to the closing state, the elastic members 28 and 58 are inactivated.

<Embodiment 3>
Embodiment 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. 14, 15, and 16. The implementation mobile phone 3 is an example in which the first cover member and the second cover member are not interlocked, and the second cover member is opened manually.

  As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, a workpiece to be processed is detachably attached to the workpiece attachment table 16, a tool magazine is provided, and a movable cover covers the periphery of the tool magazine.

  The movable cover includes a first cover member 62 and a second cover member 64, and the cover opening / closing member 26 is provided on the first cover member 62. An elastic member 28 is provided inside the movable cover, and the first cover member 52 is closed by an ineffective force.

  The second cover member 52 is provided with an elastic member 70, and the second cover member is closed by an ineffective force.

As shown in FIG. 16, when the movable cover is changed from the closed state to the opened state, the cover opening / closing member 26 is brought into contact with the contact member 40 as in the first embodiment.

  At this time, since the cover opening / closing member 62 remains in the closed state, the cover opening / closing member 64 is opened by applying a force exceeding the inferring force of the elastic member 70 by a human hand, and the tool holder is moved to the tool magazine. 32 is installed.

  When the open state is changed to the closed state, the elastic members 64 and 70 are inactivated.

<Embodiment 4>
Embodiment 4 will be described with reference to FIGS. 17, 18, and 19. The implementation mobile phone 4 is an example in which the first cover member and the second cover member are not interlocked, and the second cover member is opened manually.

  As shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, a workpiece to be processed is detachably attached to the workpiece attachment table 16, a tool magazine is provided, and a movable cover covers the periphery of the tool magazine.

  The movable cover includes a first cover member 72 and a second cover member 74, and the first cover member 72 is provided with the cover opening / closing member 26. An elastic member 28 is provided inside the movable cover, and the first cover member 72 is closed by an ineffective force.

  The second cover member 52 has a biasing force such as a leaf spring and is closed by the biasing force of the second cover member 26.

As shown in FIG. 19, when the movable cover changes from the closed state to the open state, the cover opening / closing member 26 contacts the contact member 40 as in the first embodiment.

  At this time, since the second cover member 74 remains in the closed state, the cover opening / closing member 74 is opened by applying a force exceeding the inferring force of the second cover member by a human hand to the tool magazine. A tool holder 32 is installed.

  When the open state is closed, the elastic member 28 and the second cover member 74 are inactivated.

Claims (2)

A spindle to which the tool is attached;
A work table disposed opposite to the main shaft and to which a workpiece is fixed;
Provided on the work table, facing the first cover member and the first cover member that opens the tool storage portion in which the plurality of tools are stored, the tool storage portion when the tool is changed, and the first cover member A tool magazine having a second cover member;
Moving means for moving the work table relative to the spindle;
In conjunction with the movement of the work table and the tool magazine by the moving means, the first cover member and the second cover member are actuated in a direction away from each other to open the tool housing portion of the tool magazine. Cover actuating means;
A machine tool characterized by comprising The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the first cover member and the second cover member have a biasing unit that biases the first cover member and the second cover member in a closed state.

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