JP2017042698A - Water treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment apparatus which can be installed in a smaller space than a conventional product, facilitate filter medium exchange, and reduce members.SOLUTION: A water treatment apparatus 1 for removing turbidity components contained in water, which comprises an electrically-driven pump 2 that sucks and discharges raw water and a filtration tank 4 including granular filter mediums 3 and is equipped inside the filtration tank 4 with a lower plate 10 fixed to make the side face come into contact with to the inner wall of the filtration tank 4, and an upper plate 11 on the top of the lower plate 10, has a configuration that the upper plate 11 comes into contact with the top of the lower plate 10 upon backwashing, but does not come into contact upon discharging filter mediums, to keep a backwash discharge hole 14 produced by the overlapping of a part of a lower plate water hole 12 on a part of an upper plate water hole 13 when the lower plate 10 comes into contact with the upper plate 11, and can prevent an outflow of filter mediums upon backwashing and facilitate the discharge of used filter mediums upon filter medium Exchange, so that installation to a smaller space than conventional ones and reduction in members are possible with no need to additionally filter medium discharge pipes.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a small-sized water treatment apparatus that is installed mainly in ordinary households or small-scale facilities and that purifies water by removing turbidity or suspended solids contained in water.

  Conventionally, in this type of water treatment apparatus, there has been known one provided with a mechanism for discharging a filter medium by the flow of raw water or backwash water (for example, see Patent Document 1).

  Hereinafter, the water treatment apparatus will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the water treatment apparatus comprises a granular filter medium 101, a raw water supply pump 102, a backwash water supply pump 103, an opening 104 for discharging the filter medium, a filter medium discharge pipe 105, and a filter medium recovery container 106. The granular filter medium 101 inside together with the backwash water is discharged from the opening 104 and can be collected in the filter medium recovery container 106.

  Moreover, what provided the baffle plate and made uniform the raw | natural water which flows into a filter medium is known (for example, refer patent document 2).

Japanese Patent No. 3669364 JP-A-9-103610

  However, in a water treatment apparatus used in a place where the installation space of the apparatus such as a general household is narrow, such a conventional water treatment apparatus is used from the viewpoint that it is difficult to secure a space for separately providing a filter medium discharge pipe. It is difficult to do so, and it has the problem that it takes time to replace the filter medium.

  Therefore, the present invention solves the above-described conventional problems, and provides a water treatment device that can be used in a smaller installation space than a conventional product that requires a separate space for providing a filter medium discharge pipe and that allows easy replacement of the filter medium. For the purpose.

  In order to achieve this object, the present invention provides a water treatment device for removing turbid components contained in water, wherein the water treatment device sucks and discharges water from a well or a water tank. And a filtration tank containing a particulate filter medium, an inflow pipe connecting the electric pump and the filtration tank, and a purified water pipe for discharging purified water from the filtration tank, and backwash water from the filtration tank A backwash water discharge pipe for discharging the filter medium, a switching valve for switching the raw water inflow path to the filtration tank in the middle of the inflow pipe, a backwash water discharge valve at the end of the backwash water discharge pipe, The filtration tank has a lower plate fixed so that the side surface is in close contact with the inner wall of the filtration tank, and an upper plate on the upper portion of the lower plate, and the upper plate is in close contact with the upper portion of the lower plate during backwashing. When the filter medium is discharged, the upper plate does not adhere to the upper portion of the lower plate, and the lower plate The plate and the upper plate are respectively provided with a lower plate water hole and an upper plate water hole. When the lower plate and the upper plate are in close contact with each other, a part of the lower plate water hole and the upper plate are provided. The present invention is characterized in that a backwash water discharge hole is formed by superimposing a part of the water passage holes, thereby achieving the intended purpose.

  According to the present invention, there is provided a water treatment apparatus for removing turbid components contained in water, the water treatment apparatus comprising an electric pump for sucking and discharging water from a well or a water tank and a granular form. A filtration tank containing a filter medium, an inflow pipe connecting the electric pump and the filter tank, and a water purification pipe for discharging purified water from the filter tank, and backwash water for discharging backwash water and filter medium from the filter tank A discharge valve, a switching valve for switching the flow path of raw water to the filtration tank in the middle of the inflow pipe, a backwash water discharge valve at the end of the backwash water discharge pipe, and a side surface inside the filtration tank A lower plate fixed to be in close contact with the inner wall of the filtration tank, and an upper plate on the upper portion of the lower plate, the upper plate is in close contact with the upper portion of the lower plate during backwashing, and the upper plate is The lower plate and the upper plate are not in close contact with the upper portion of the lower plate, When the lower plate and the upper plate are in close contact, a part of the lower plate water hole and a part of the upper plate water hole are overlapped. The backwashing water discharge holes are formed in combination, so that there is no need to separately provide a backwashing strainer and filter medium discharge piping, and it is possible to install in less installation space than conventional products and parts The effect that it can reduce can be acquired.

The schematic diagram which shows the structure of the water treatment apparatus of Embodiment 1 of this invention. (A) The schematic diagram which shows the structure of the lower board and upper board of Embodiment 1 of this invention, (b) The schematic diagram which shows the structure when the lower board and upper board of Embodiment 1 of this invention closely_contact | adhered. Diagram showing the configuration of a conventional filtration device

The water treatment device according to claim 1 of the present invention is a water treatment device for removing turbid components contained in water, and the water treatment device sucks and discharges water from a well or a water tank. An electric pump and a filtration tank containing a particulate filter medium, an inflow pipe connecting the electric pump and the filtration tank, and a purified water pipe for discharging purified water from the filtration tank,
Backwash water discharge pipe for discharging backwash water and filter medium from the filtration tank, a switching valve for switching the inflow path of raw water to the filtration tank in the middle of the inflow pipe, and a reverse to the end of the backwash water discharge pipe A washing water discharge valve, a lower plate fixed to the inside of the filtration tank so that the side surface is in close contact with the inner wall of the filtration tank, and an upper plate on the upper part of the lower plate, the upper plate being a lower plate during backwashing The upper plate does not adhere to the upper part of the lower plate when the filter medium is discharged, and the lower plate and the upper plate are provided with a lower plate water hole and an upper plate water hole, respectively. When the lower plate and the upper plate are in close contact with each other, a backwash water discharge hole is formed by overlapping a part of the lower plate water passage hole and a part of the upper plate water passage hole. This prevents outflow of the filter medium during backwashing and facilitates discharge of the old filter medium when replacing the filter medium.Therefore, there is no need to separately provide a strainer and a filter medium discharge pipe for backwashing. There is an effect that installation with a small installation space is possible and members can be reduced.

  The water treatment apparatus according to claim 2 has a configuration in which a backwash water discharge hole formed by overlapping a part of the lower plate water passage hole and a part of the upper plate water passage hole has a slit shape. As a result, the upper plate and the lower plate also serve as a rectifying plate during water purification, so that the raw water that has flowed into the filtration tank during the water purification operation is uniformly supplied to the upper part of the filter medium, and there is no need to provide a separate rectifying plate. There is an effect that it is possible to reduce.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1)
As shown in FIG. 1, the water treatment apparatus 1 includes an electric pump 2 for sucking and discharging water from a well or a water storage tank, and a filtration tank 4 containing a particulate filter medium 3, and the electric pump 2 And an inflow pipe 5 connecting the filter tank 4, a purified water pipe 6 for discharging purified water from the filter tank 4, and a backwash water discharge pipe 7 for discharging backwash water and filter media from the filter tank 4, It is provided with a switching valve 8 for switching the inflow route of the raw water to the filtration tank 4 in the inflow pipe 5 system, and has a backwash water discharge valve 9 at the end of the backwash water discharge pipe 7. By opening the backwash water discharge valve 9, backwash water and filter media can be discharged out of the system.

  The water treatment apparatus 1 is a filtration apparatus for removing relatively large turbid components of 10 micrometers or more such as coarse particles, aggregates, and dust contained in raw water. Hereinafter, the operation | movement at the time of water purification of the water treatment apparatus 1 is demonstrated, referring FIG. As shown in the water purification path of FIG. 1, the water treatment device 1 sucks raw water from a well or a water tank with an electric pump 2. The sucked raw water passes through the inflow pipe 5, flows into the filter tank 4 from the upper part, passes through the particulate filter medium 3 and is filtered, and then is discharged out of the system through the purified water pipe 6. That is, since the water treatment apparatus 1 tends to accumulate dirt, it is preferable to use a configuration that can be washed and discharged out of the system and used repeatedly. As a washing method, water is flowed in a direction opposite to the filtration direction. In general, backwashing is used in which the filter medium is stirred and dirt accumulated on the filter medium is discharged. As a backwashing method, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, one electric pump is used by using a configuration in which a switching valve 8 is arranged between the electric pump 2 and the filtration tank 4 and the inflow pipe 5 is branched. In addition, filtration and backwashing can be performed, which is preferable in terms of both installation area and cost. Both the electric type and the manual type can be used to switch the switching valve 8, but a manual type is preferable because the configuration is small and the size can be reduced.

  The granular filter medium 3 is the most basic member for exerting the performance of the water treatment device 1. The purpose of the particulate filter medium 3 is to capture and remove coarse particles and aggregates having a particle diameter of about 10 micrometers or more and reduce the turbidity of groundwater. Depending on the presence of particles and the presence of ions in the raw water, particles and chromaticity having a particle diameter of about 1 to 10 micrometers can be removed. As the particulate filter medium 3, filter media suitable for the object to be removed, such as filter sand and pellet-like fiber filter medium, can be used. The material of the particulate filter medium 3 may be any material that has a hardness that does not easily deform due to pressure, such as sand, anthracite, garnet, ceramics, granular activated carbon, iron oxyhydroxide, and manganese sand. For example, the particle diameter may be 0.3 to 5.0 millimeters, and the uniformity coefficient is 1.2 to 2.0. The specific gravity of the particulate filter medium 3 varies depending on the material. For example, about 2.5 to 2.7 grams per cubic centimeter for sand, 1.4 to 1.8 grams per cubic centimeter for anthracite, and garnet. 3.8 to 4.1 grams per cubic centimeter. The multi-layer filtration method using a mixture of a plurality of types of filter media is a method of laminating particles of different sizes in the filter layer from the bottom in order from the bottom using the difference in specific gravity. In the multi-layer filtration method, particles having a large specific gravity and a small size are generally mixed with particles having a small specific gravity and a large size to form a multilayer structure. The multi-layer filtration method is preferable because it has a merit that the filtration efficiency per unit volume is high and the loss head is kept low compared to the case of using a single type of filter medium. As the granular filter medium 3, for example, 0.3 mm of garnet, 0.6 mm of sand, and 1.0 mm of anthracite are mixed at a ratio of 2: 1: 1. It is desirable to adjust the mixing ratio and particle size according to the particle characteristics. The filling amount of the particulate filter medium 3 is preferably determined in consideration of filtration performance, durability, loss head, and the like. When the number of granular filter media 3 is increased, the removal performance and the amount of retained turbidity increase, the interval until cleaning can be extended, and the frequency of cleaning can be reduced. On the other hand, since the loss head increases, there may be a problem that the flow rate decreases.

  Since the filtration tank 4 containing the particulate filter medium 3 is generally installed near the outlet side of an electric pump or the like, the pressure resistance is preferably higher than the maximum output head of the electric pump to be used. . As a material of the filtration tank 4, a metal, a resin, a resin reinforced with glass fiber, or the like is preferable. The filtration tank 4 is required to have sufficient water resistance and weather resistance because it may be used not only in contact with water but also installed outdoors where there is a well. Water resistance and weather resistance can be ensured by a composite material such as material, wall thickness, or coating. It is preferable that the size of the filtration tank 4 can secure a volume of about 1.5 to 2.0 times the total amount of the granular filter medium 3 in consideration of backwashing. The shape of the filtration tank 4 is preferably a cylindrical shape, a spherical shape, an elliptical spherical shape, etc. with high durability against pressure. However, if the vessel can be strengthened with a wall thickness to ensure durability, a rectangular container such as a rectangular parallelepiped or a cube can be used. It can also be used.

  The inflow pipe 5 and the water purification pipe 6 should have sufficient water resistance and weather resistance like the filtration tank 4, and are made of a material such as resin or metal, and are straight pipes from the viewpoint of installation and workability. Is preferred.

  Further, since the backwash water discharge pipe 7 discharges the filter medium together with the backwash water, it is preferable that the backwash water discharge pipe 7 is not easily corroded similarly to the inflow pipe 5 and the water purification pipe 6 and is used because it is discharged from the system without clogging when the filter medium is discharged. A straight pipe having a diameter exceeding 10 to 20 times the average particle diameter of the filter medium is preferable. The backwash water discharge valve 9 at the end is for adjusting the flow rate during backwashing or filter medium discharge, and since there is a case where the backwash water or filter medium is discharged outdoors, water resistance and weather resistance. It is preferable that it is a metal and resin which have this. As will be described later, the present invention is characterized by switching backwashing and discharge of the filter medium depending on the flow rate. Therefore, the backwash water discharge valve 9 is attached to a valve position during backwashing and a filter medium discharge, for example, by attaching a sensor. It can also be set as the structure which can identify a valve position easily.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a lower plate 10 is fixed inside the filtration tank 4 so that a side surface thereof is in close contact with the inner wall of the filtration tank 4, and an upper plate 11 is disposed on the lower plate 10. The upper plate 11 is in close contact with the upper portion of the lower plate 10 during backwashing, and is not in close contact with the upper portion of the lower plate 10 when discharging the filter medium. 12 and the upper plate water passage hole 13 are provided, and when the lower plate 10 and the upper plate 11 are in close contact, a part of the lower plate water passage hole 12 and a part of the upper plate water passage hole 13 are reversed. The washing water discharge hole 14 is generated.
Since the lower plate 10 and the upper plate 11 are in contact with water, they are preferably made of a material that does not easily corrode, and metals such as stainless steel and resins are suitable. The thickness is required to have sufficient durability in consideration of the material and the output of the pump to be used.

  The lower plate 10 calculates the backwashing expansion rate from the water temperature, the amount and density of the granular filter medium 3, the flow velocity, etc., and is installed above the expanded height of the granular filter medium 3 to sufficiently backwash the granular filter medium 3. Since it can be performed, it is preferable. Moreover, although the lower plate 10 is fixed to the inner wall of the filtration tank 4, a removable structure is preferable because maintenance is improved. In that case, it is preferable that the structure does not cause water leakage, such as attaching packing to the ground plane of the lower plate 10 and the filtration tank 4.

  Both the lower plate water passage hole 12 and the upper plate water passage hole 13 are required to have a sufficient size to allow the granular filter medium 3 to pass through, and preferably 10 of the average particle diameter of the filter medium used. About 20 to 20 times. In addition, the backwash water discharge hole 14 is preferably wide enough not to allow the particulate filter medium 3 to pass through, but even if it is too narrow, the internal pressure increases and hinders backwashing, so only backwash water is discharged during backwashing. However, it is sufficient if the discharge of the filter medium can be reduced. Since granular media such as sand flow in an infinite number of particles, clogging occurs even in pores larger than the particle size of the particle itself, and it can be expected to prevent the outflow of the filter media. Those having an average particle size of about 3 to 5 times the average particle size of the filter medium can also be used.

  The upper plate 11 that is in close contact with the upper portion of the lower plate 10 is movable, and when a water flow of a certain flow rate or more flows from below, it is designed to move upward due to the pressure at that time. That is, in consideration of the output of the pump to be used, the material and density of the filter medium, the water temperature, etc., when backwashing, the upper plate 11 is brought into close contact with the lower plate 10 and a backwash water discharge hole 14 is formed to prevent the filter medium from flowing out. During the filter medium discharge operation, the upper plate 11 does not adhere to the lower plate 10 due to the difference in flow rate from the backwash, and at this time, the filter medium passes through the lower plate water passage hole 12 and the upper plate water passage hole 13 and is backwashed. By adopting a mechanism for discharging outside the system through the water discharge pipe 7, a mechanism for easily discharging the filter medium only by adjusting the flow rate is provided. Further, the flow rate adjustment at this time can be performed by using the backwash water discharge valve 9 described above.

  By having such a structure, it is possible to combine a strainer that is generally used in a filtration device having a backwashing function to prevent the outflow of the filter medium, and a filter medium discharge mechanism, which contributes to the reduction of members. is there. In addition, there is no need to install a separate filter media discharge pipe, and it can be installed in a smaller space than before, but filter media can be easily discharged, making it easy to install the device even in places where installation space is narrow, such as general homes. It is to make.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, the new filter medium inlet 15 can also be installed separately. By installing the new filter medium inlet 15 below the lower plate 10 and above the upper surface of the granular filter medium 3, there is no need to open the filtration tank 4 and remove the lower plate 10 or the upper plate 11 for replacing the filter medium. It is preferable because a new filter medium can be charged more easily. The new filter medium input port 15 may have a structure that allows the filter medium to easily flow into the bottom of the filtration tank 4, such as a pocket-type structure that is openable and opens toward the front. Moreover, it is preferable that it is a structure which can be sealed with packing etc. in order to prevent a water leak. When the opening is narrow, it is possible to use a funnel or the like so that the filter medium can be introduced.

  Further, when the upper plate 11 rises to the uppermost part of the filtration tank 4 when discharging the filter medium, the upper plate 11 may block the connection between the backwash water discharge pipe 7 and the filter tank 4 and may obstruct the filter medium discharge. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, a stopper 16 having a structure for limiting the movement range of the upper plate 11 can be provided on the upper portion of the fixed shaft 17.

  Needless to say, if the width of the backwash water discharge hole 14 generated by overlapping a part of the lower plate water passage hole 12 and a part of the upper plate water passage hole 13 is enlarged, there is a possibility that the filter medium flows out during backwashing. Increase. In order to suppress this, as shown in FIG. 2, a fixed shaft 17 having a groove on the side surface is provided at the center of the lower plate 10, and a groove that fits into the groove of the fixed shaft 17 is provided at the center of the upper plate 11. An increase in the width of the backwash water discharge hole 14 can be suppressed by providing the shaft hole 18 or the like.

  Further, when water is passed through the water treatment device 1 in the direction of water purification, the lower plate 10 and the upper plate 11 are in close contact with each other in the same way as during backwashing, and a part of the lower plate water passage hole 12 and the upper plate water passage hole 13 are contacted. The backwash water discharge hole 14 generated by the partial superposition of the water allows the raw water flowing into the filtration tank 4 to flow uniformly onto the granular filter medium 3. For this purpose, the backwash water discharge hole 14 is preferably configured so that the width increases from the central part into which the raw water flows in, and is preferably set appropriately depending on the flow rate into which the raw water flows in and the number of slits. .

  With the above configuration, since the lower plate 10 and the upper plate 11 also serve as a current plate, the raw water can flow into the filter medium as a whole, the filtration area can be increased and the filtration efficiency can be increased, and a separate current plate is installed. Since there is no need to do this, the number of members can be reduced.

  The water treatment apparatus 1 according to the present invention can be installed in a smaller space than the conventional product and can be easily replaced with a filter medium, and can reduce the number of necessary members. Therefore, the water treatment apparatus 1 is used for purification of well water and stored water. It is useful as a small household water treatment device.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Water treatment apparatus 2 Electric pump 3 Granular filter medium 4 Filtration tank 5 Inflow piping 6 Purified water piping 7 Backwash water discharge piping 8 Switch valve 9 Backwash water discharge valve 10 Lower plate 11 Upper plate 12 Lower plate water passage hole 13 Upper plate Water flow hole 14 Backwash water discharge hole 15 New filter medium inlet 16 Stopper 17 Fixed shaft 18 Shaft hole

Claims (2)

A water treatment device for removing turbid components contained in water, the water treatment device comprising an electric pump for sucking and discharging water from a well or a water storage tank and a filtration tank containing a particulate filter medium And an inflow pipe connecting the electric pump and the filtration tank and a purified water pipe for discharging purified water from the filtration tank,
Backwash water discharge pipe for discharging backwash water and filter medium from the filtration tank, a switching valve for switching the inflow path of raw water to the filtration tank in the middle of the inflow pipe, and a reverse to the end of the backwash water discharge pipe A washing water discharge valve, a lower plate fixed to the inside of the filtration tank so that the side surface is in close contact with the inner wall of the filtration tank, and an upper plate on the upper part of the lower plate, the upper plate being a lower plate during backwashing The upper plate does not adhere to the upper part of the lower plate when the filter medium is discharged, and the lower plate and the upper plate are provided with a lower plate water hole and an upper plate water hole, respectively. When the lower plate and the upper plate are in close contact with each other, a backwash water discharge hole is formed by overlapping a part of the lower plate water passage hole and a part of the upper plate water passage hole. The water treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the backwash water discharge hole formed by overlapping a part of the lower plate water passage hole and a part of the upper plate water passage hole has a slit shape.

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