JP2010221206A - Carried type water-purifying kit - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a carried type water-purifying kit which can be used outdoors in disaster; which is capable of removing fine grains, dissolved organic substances, algae and general bacteria and so on included as suspended matter in the water source to be purified; which hardly causes clogging in an activated carbon cylinder and a membrane filter for a long time; and whose treatment and maintenance are easy. <P>SOLUTION: The carried type water-purifying kit capable of assembling a simple water-purifying device includes a pump to pump up and deliver the water to be treated; a sand filter cylinder having a quartz sand layer as a filtration layer; an activated carbon cylinder filled with activated carbon and/or a membrane filter; and a piping connecting each constituent. The membrane filter has a microfiltration membrane, an ultrafiltration membrane or a reverse osmosis membrane. Each of the constituents is connected by the piping in the order of the pump, the sand filter cylinder and the activated carbon cylinder and/or the membrane filter. After the water to be treated pumped up by the pump is filtrated by the sand filter cylinder, it passes the activated carbon cylinder and/or the membrane filter to obtain treated water. When being accommodated, each constituent can be accommodated in a case for carrying in a separated state. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a portable water purification kit that can be carried outdoors during camping and vacation, military use, disasters, and the like.

  In the water treatment method using a portable water purification device using a microfiltration (MF) membrane, an ultrafiltration (UF) membrane or a reverse osmosis (RO) membrane, various devices have been put to practical use so far. However, if the suspended matter removal capability of the pretreatment is increased, the pretreatment device is clogged early, and if the suspended material removal capability of the pretreatment device is lowered, the MF membrane, UF membrane, or RO membrane is clogged early. There was a difficulty that it was easy to produce.

  Also, in the case of disasters or military use, there may be no electricity when trying to obtain drinking water in disaster areas or mountainous areas, etc. In that case, the portable water purifier uses a manual pump to move water (water supply). Rely on. However, in the case of a manual pump for reciprocating (piston) operation, the flow is not constant and pulsates, and there is no or little flow at the time of suction by the manual pump, and there is a large flow at the time of discharge. There was a problem in that the deterioration of the membrane was accelerated because the water amount load of the water was greatly different. For example, even a reciprocating pump as described in Patent Document 1 has the advantage that the fluctuation of the water load is remarkably used in a portable water purifier, and the manual pump does not require electricity, is inexpensive and easy to operate. There was still room for improvement.

  Japanese Patent No. 3457301

The first object of the present invention is a portable water purification kit equipped with a membrane filter that can be carried outdoors and used for camping, vacation, military use, disasters, etc., as a suspended substance of the water source to be purified. A portable water purification kit that can remove fine particles, dissolved organic matter, algae, and general bacteria contained in the product, prevents clogging of activated carbon cylinders and membrane filters for a long time, and is easy to handle and maintain. It is to provide.
A second purpose is to reduce the pulsation of a manual pump used mainly in the absence of electricity, and to provide a sand filter cylinder that functions so that the water load on the subsequent membrane filter or the like can be maintained substantially uniformly. The purpose is to provide a portable water purification kit.
A third object is to provide a portable water purification kit including a paper filter cartridge and including a filter having a simple structure in which the paper filter cartridge can be easily replaced.

  This invention arrange | positions the sand filter cylinder which has a quartz sand layer as a filtration layer in the front | former stage of a membrane filter and / or activated carbon cylinder, and processes by a membrane filter and / or activated carbon cylinder after filtration by this sand filter cylinder. It has been found that clogging of the membrane filter and / or the activated carbon cylinder can be avoided, and that the sand filtration cylinder itself is hardly clogged, and the present invention has been completed.

  That is, the portable water purification kit of the present invention includes a pump that pumps up and feeds water to be treated, a sand filter cylinder having a quartz sand layer as a filter layer, an activated carbon cylinder and / or a membrane filter filled with activated carbon, And the membrane filter includes a microfiltration membrane, an ultrafiltration membrane, or a reverse osmosis membrane, and the pump, the sand filtration tube, the activated carbon tube, and / or the membrane filter. In order, connect each component by the above-mentioned piping, filter the treated water pumped up by the pump through the sand filter cylinder, and then pass it through the activated carbon cylinder and / or membrane filter to assemble a simple water purification device to obtain treated water It is a possible kit, and is characterized in that each component can be stored in a carrying case in a separated state.

  The carrying case is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include bags such as a rucksack and a suitcase. In addition, from the viewpoint of easy storage in the carrying case, it is preferable that all the components are cylindrical.

The quartz sand layer is made of crushed quartz sand obtained by crushing a natural host rock, and it is desirable to contain a particle having a particle diameter of 500 to 850 μm by 50% or more, preferably 60 to 90% by weight.
When using a filter medium with no corners and a smooth surface, such as general sea sand, river sand, and mountain sand, the flow path gap of the entire filtration layer is almost the same, so it is relatively large. The suspension is trapped at the surface layer above the filtration layer, and the microsuspension passes through the filtration layer. However, since the crushed quartz sand obtained by artificially crushing and sieving natural mother rock (silica stone, etc.) has a rough surface, various large and small gaps are created, and complex flow paths are formed. Since suspensions of various sizes can be captured throughout the filtration layer, the sand filter cylinder and the subsequent membrane filter are less likely to be clogged for a longer period of time. In addition, when the amount of the particles having the above-mentioned range is included in the above amount, the suspended matter can be efficiently removed and the sand filter cylinder is hardly clogged.
It is preferable that the turbidity of filtered water after filtration with a sand filter cylinder is 1 degree or less. Since the turbidity of the water to be treated passing through the activated carbon cylinder and / or the membrane filter can be set to 1 degree or less, the activated carbon cylinder and the membrane filter in the subsequent stage are clogged and can be used for a long time. .
The sand filter cylinder can be easily regenerated and easily handled by rinsing the filter medium (quartz sand) in the treated water (purified water).

  The pump is a pump that generates discharge pulsation such as a reciprocating manual pump, and the sand filter cylinder reduces pulsation of water to be treated which is fed by the pump above the filtration layer in the sand filter cylinder. It is preferable that the air layer is provided.

  The sand filter cylinder is provided with an inlet for introducing the water to be treated at the upper part and an outlet for taking out the treated water at the lower part, and the filtration layer is formed so that an air layer is provided above the filtration layer. An air intake port for taking air into the filter cylinder so as to further communicate with the air layer, and air in the filter cylinder when the pressure in the filter cylinder exceeds a certain pressure. A release valve that discharges to the outside, and a discharge port having a water level adjustment valve for adjusting the water level in the filtration cylinder is provided at a predetermined position near the top of the filtration layer. Even during the filtration of treated water, it is preferable to adjust the water level and the amount of air in the filter cylinder so that the air layer is always maintained (so that it always remains).

  It is preferable that the sand filter cylinder includes a watering plate that stops the momentum of the water to be treated flowing from the introduction port below the introduction port and disperses the treatment water supplied onto the filtration layer below.

  It is preferable that the portable water purification kit further includes a filter provided with a disposable paper filter cartridge disposed upstream of the sand filter cylinder.

  A filter equipped with the paper filter cartridge has a cylindrical container body having a bottom at one end, an opening at the other end, and an outlet for taking out filtrated water at or near the bottom, and the container body And is formed into a flat bag shape having a substantially rectangular shape in plan view, and a bag-shaped filter paper having a small hole portion at one corner, and the small hole portion into the bag-shaped filter paper so that one end protrudes outward. A paper filter cartridge having a connecting tube inserted and fixed in the vicinity of the small hole, and a gap for forming a flow path in the container body when the paper filter cartridge is accommodated in the container body A sheet-like spacer made of a porous material and a bottomed cylindrical type, having a through hole in the thick bottom, and having an internal screw part on the outer side of the through hole, closing the opening of the container body One end of a cover body and an outer screw portion that can be screwed into the inner screw portion An inlet pipe for introducing the water to be treated, wherein the filter is screwed into the inner screw portion in the through hole of the lid body, and the other end side of the through hole The connection pipe of the paper filter cartridge is inserted into a liquid-tight connection between the introduction pipe and the connection pipe, and the connection pipe is connected to the paper filter cartridge together with the spacer superimposed on the bag-shaped filter paper portion of the paper filter cartridge. The bag-like filter paper is accommodated in the container main body in a state of being wound around the shaft, and is assembled by fitting the lid body into the opening of the container main body, through the connecting pipe from the introduction pipe Introducing the water to be treated, taking out the filtered water that has passed through the bag-shaped filter paper from the outlet at the bottom of the container body, and collecting the contaminants removed from the water to be treated in the bag-shaped filter paper. preferable.

  As the sheet-like spacer made of the porous body, for example, a nonwoven fabric is used. The spacer is preferably approximately the same size as or slightly larger than the shape of the bag-shaped filter paper in plan view. According to this, the water to be treated is introduced into the wound bag-shaped filter paper, and when it swells, the nonwoven fabric that becomes the flow path of the treated water is not buried between the wound bag-shaped filter paper, It becomes possible to form a treated water channel for reliably passing treated water around the outer periphery of the overlapping bag-shaped filter paper.

  The bag-shaped filter paper is made of a mixed fiber of pulp and PET, heated and pressurized by a heat roller, and manufactured after forming the filter paper having a thickness of 50 to 70 μm after the processing into a bag shape, And it is preferable that the surface is not water-repellent.

  It is preferable that the connecting pipe is a resin pipe and is in close contact with the bag-like filter paper by heat welding.

  It is preferable that the portable water purification kit further includes a coarse filter for removing coarse impurities such as leaves and vinyl pieces.

The sand filter cylinder of the present invention has a quartz sand layer as a filtration layer, and the quartz sand layer is made of crushed quartz sand obtained by crushing a natural host rock, and has a particle diameter of 500 to 850 μm as a whole. It is characterized by containing 50% or more. The sand filter cylinder is used, for example, as a pretreatment means of a membrane filter in a simple water purifier that performs membrane filtration of water to be treated (raw water) sent by a pump with a membrane filter.
Further, the sand filter cylinder according to another aspect of the present invention is the simple water purifier for membrane-filtering the treated water fed by a pump that generates discharge pulsation such as a reciprocating manual pump in the membrane filter. A sand filter cylinder disposed between the pump and the membrane filter as pretreatment means for a vessel, and reduces pulsation of water to be treated sent by the pump above the filtration layer of the sand filter cylinder It is characterized by having an air layer to do.
In addition, the said sand filter cylinder is water-passed from upper direction to the downward direction at the time of filtration.

  The filter equipped with the paper filter cartridge of the present invention has a cylindrical container body having a bottom at one end, an opening at the other end, and an outlet for taking out filtrated water at or near the bottom. A bag-shaped filter paper housed in the body and formed into a flat bag shape having a substantially rectangular shape in plan view and having a small hole portion at one corner, and the bag-shaped filter paper from the small hole portion so that one end protrudes outward. A paper filter cartridge having a connecting pipe inserted into the small hole and fixed in the vicinity of the small hole, and a gap serving as a flow path is formed in the container body when the paper filter cartridge is accommodated in the container body. An opening of the container main body having a sheet-like spacer made of a porous body, a bottomed cylindrical shape, a through hole in a thick bottom portion, and an inner screw portion on an outer side of the through hole A lid that closes the outer thread and an outer thread that can be screwed into the inner thread. An inlet pipe for introducing the water to be treated provided at the end, and the filter is screwed into the inner screw portion in the through hole of the lid body, and is connected to the other end side of the through hole. The paper tube is connected to the introduction tube and the connection tube in a fluid-tight manner by inserting a connection tube of the paper filter cartridge, and the paper filter cartridge is superposed on the bag-shaped filter paper portion of the paper filter cartridge together with the spacer. In a state where it is wound around the connecting pipe as an axis, it is housed in the container body and assembled by closing the opening of the container body with the lid, and the bag-like shape is formed from the introduction pipe through the connecting pipe. The treated water was introduced into the filter paper, the filtered water that permeated through the bag-shaped filter paper was taken out from the outlet at the bottom of the container body, and the contaminants removed from the treated water were stored in the bag-shaped filter paper. It is characterized by.

The portable (simple) water purifier of the present invention includes a pump that pumps up and feeds water to be treated, a sand filter cylinder having a quartz sand layer as a filter layer, an activated carbon cylinder and / or a membrane filter filled with activated carbon, And the membrane filter includes a microfiltration membrane, an ultrafiltration membrane or a reverse osmosis membrane, and the pump, the sand filtration tube, the activated carbon tube and / or the membrane filter. In this order, the constituent elements are connected by the pipes, and the treated water pumped up by the pump is filtered through a sand filter cylinder, and then passed through an activated carbon cylinder and / or a membrane filter to obtain treated water. Yes.
Moreover, the said portable water purifier can be accommodated in the above-mentioned carrying case.

According to the present invention, since the sand filter cylinder provided with the quartz sand layer as the filtration layer is provided in the front stage of the activated carbon cylinder and / or the membrane filter, it is possible to further extend the use period of the activated carbon cylinder and the membrane filter. Thus, the usable time of the entire system can be extended.
In addition, according to another aspect, by using a manual pump, it can be used in a situation where there is no electricity, and further, by using a sand filter cylinder having an air layer above the filter layer, The generated pulsation can be reduced, and the water load applied to the subsequent membrane filter or the like can be maintained substantially uniformly.
In addition, according to another aspect, by using a disposable paper filter cartridge as the pretreatment means (pretreatment device), the burden on the subsequent sand filter cylinder is reduced, and the system usable time is reduced. Can be further prolonged.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic view for explaining one usage mode of the portable water purification kit of the present invention.   FIG. 2 is a perspective view with a part cut away for explaining the structure of a filter provided with a paper filter cartridge.   FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the structure of a filter provided with a paper filter cartridge.   FIG. 4A is a perspective view for explaining the structure of the paper filter cartridge before being accommodated in the filter, and FIG. 4B is the winding of the paper filter cartridge when being accommodated in the filter. It is the perspective view which notched a part for explaining a state.   FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a sand filter cylinder according to an embodiment.   FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a reciprocating manual pump used in the present invention.

  The portable water purification kit of the present invention includes a pump that pumps up and feeds water to be treated, a sand filter cylinder, an activated carbon cylinder and / or a membrane filter. The portable water purification kit of the present invention may include a filter equipped with a coarse filter and a paper filter cartridge (hereinafter also simply referred to as a paper filter), etc., as required, and each unit (pump, sand filter cylinder). , An activated carbon cylinder, a membrane filter, a coarse filter, a paper filter, and the like) may be included.

  In the portable water purification kit of the present invention, a sand filter cylinder is disposed in front of the activated carbon cylinder and / or the membrane filter, and the treated water pumped up by the pump is once treated with the sand filter cylinder and then the activated carbon cylinder and / or Treat with membrane filter. Further, when a coarse filter or a paper filter is used, the coarse filter or the paper filter is disposed in the front stage of the sand filter cylinder. When both the coarse filter and the paper filter are used, the coarse filter, the paper filter, and the sand filter cylinder are used. It is installed in the order of activated carbon cylinder and membrane filter. In addition, although both an activated carbon cylinder and a membrane filter may be installed, you may arrange | position only any one. Each unit (including a pump) constituting such a portable water purification kit is connected in the above order, for example, by a flexible hose.

  The treated water that can be purified with the portable kit of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is water that can be used for drinking water in an emergency. For example, water such as artificial ponds, pools, ponds, lakes, streams, and bathtubs can be used. Can be mentioned.

Below, the main components of the portable water purification kit will be described sequentially.
The pump used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can pump up and feed water to be treated, and may be electric or manual. However, when used in a disaster or outdoors, there is a high possibility that an appropriate power source cannot be obtained. When used in such applications, a manual type (for example, a reciprocating manual pump) is provided. It is preferable. A reciprocating pump (so-called reciprocating pump) is a pump having a structure in which a piston or plunger reciprocates in a cylinder (cylinder) to change the volume in the cylinder, thereby sucking and sending liquid. Specifically, for example, a reciprocating manual pump described in Patent Document 1 can be used.

  The sand filter cylinder used in the present invention preferably uses quartz sand as a filter medium. Quartz sand may be naturally produced or crushed natural host rock such as silica stone, but the pulverized material will cause suspension throughout the filtration layer. It is preferable because it can be captured. Further, it is desirable that the quartz sand contains particles having a particle diameter of 500 to 850 μm by weight of 50% or more, preferably about 60 to 90%. When such quartz sand is used, the sand filter cylinder, the activated carbon cylinder and the membrane filter in the subsequent stage are less likely to be clogged for a longer period of time. Moreover, the filter sand filled in the sand filter cylinder can be easily regenerated by washing with water. It is preferable that an air layer is provided above the filtration layer in the sand filter cylinder. By providing the air layer, it is possible to reduce the pulsation of the manual pump and the like, and it is possible to reduce the load on the worker when operating the manual pump.

  The activated carbon cylinder used in the present invention is preferably used in a substantially cylindrical container filled with activated carbon, especially when the loaded activated carbon is a cartridge system, handling in an emergency such as a disaster. It is preferable from the viewpoint of ease.

  The membrane filter used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can be carried. However, it is preferable that the outer shape is substantially cylindrical from the viewpoint of ease of storage during carrying. The filtration membrane of the membrane filter may be a microfiltration membrane (MF membrane), an ultrafiltration membrane (UF membrane), a nanofiltration membrane (NF membrane), or a reverse osmosis membrane, but a manual pump The MF membrane or the UF membrane is preferable from the viewpoint that the load labor required for the operation is small.

  Moreover, you may use a paper filter for the front | former stage of a sand filter cylinder as needed. The paper filter is for capturing small particles of about 0.05 to 1 mm, for example, and can reduce the load on the sand filter cylinder. In addition, the cartridge type is easy to replace and disposable, and the sand filter can be used for a long time by reducing the number of times of cleaning and cleaning the filtration layer. It is preferable in terms of ease.

  In addition, a coarse filter is installed in front of the sand filter cylinder (in the case of installing a paper filter, in front of the paper filter) to prevent coarse impurities such as leaves and vinyl pieces from flowing into the sand filter cylinder. May be. The coarse filter is not particularly limited as long as coarse impurities can be removed, and may be any of a net-like body, a molded body having a large number of openings (small holes, slits, etc.), and the opening is For example, those larger than 1 mm, preferably about 2 to 5 mm are used. The shape of the coarse filter is not particularly limited. For example, a cylindrical filter is convenient because it does not take up space when being carried. The material of the coarse filter may be a resin material, a metal material, or the like, but a resin material is preferable in consideration of weight reduction during carrying.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view for explaining one usage mode of the portable water purification kit of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the portable water purification kit of this embodiment includes a coarse filter 2, a filter 4 having a paper filter cartridge 407, a reciprocating manual pump 5 (hereinafter also simply referred to as a manual pump), sand filtration. It is mainly composed of the cylinder 6, the activated carbon cylinder 7, and the membrane filter 8, and simple water purification by connecting these units in this order by hose-like piping (lines L1 to L6) provided as necessary. A device (small water purification device) 100 is constructed.

In the water tank 1 in which the raw water (treated water) 10 is stored, a spherical float made of 7 cm diameter polystyrene floated on the surface of the water so that the coarse filter 2 made of resin does not suck up the bottom mud and the like in the water tank 1. (Float) 3 is hung and installed.
The coarse filter 2 is a resin cylinder having a substantially cylindrical shape with a diameter of 10 cm and a length of 17 cm, in which a plurality of holes with a diameter of 5 mm are formed, and large contaminants such as leaves, branches, and vinyl pieces contained in the raw water. Remove.

  When the manual pump 5 is operated, the water to be treated is sucked through the coarse filter 2 disposed on the suction side of the manual pump 5 and is sent to the filter 4 through the line L1 provided with the pressure gauge 11.

  The filter 4 is provided with a paper filter cartridge inside, and the water that has passed through the paper filter cartridge is transferred to the sand filter cylinder 6 via the line L2 and the manual pump 5 via the line L3. The line L3 is provided with a valve 12 for adjusting the flow rate and a pressure gauge 13, and the discharge water discharged from the manual pump 5 is sent to the sand filter cylinder 6 with the flow rate adjusted by the valve 12, Most suspended solids are captured by the sand filter cylinder 6.

  The filtered water obtained from the sand filter cylinder 6 is sent to the activated carbon cylinder 7 through a line L4 provided with a pressure gauge 14. In the activated carbon cylinder 7, chromaticity components and odor components are mainly removed. Thereafter, water is further sent to the membrane filter 8 via the line L5 having the pressure gauge 15, and components (including general bacteria, E. coli, etc.) that could not be removed by other processes are removed. The treated water finally obtained is stored in the drinking water storage tank 9 via the line L6 provided with the flow meter 16, and is drunk as drinking water.

  The pressure gauges 11, 13, 14, and 15 are installed in front of the filter 4, the sand filter cylinder 6, the activated carbon cylinder 7 and the membrane filter 8, respectively, and when an abnormal pressure increase due to clogging is detected. Each device is cleaned and replaced or the filling member is replaced. Specifically, in the case of the filter 4, replacement by a paper filter cartridge 407 to be described later, in the case of the sand filter cylinder 6, the quartz sand is transferred to a bucket or the like, and the regeneration is performed by washing with water about 2 to 3 times. In the case of the activated carbon cylinder 7 and the membrane filter 8, the membrane cartridge is replaced. In addition, since the pressure gauges 11, 13, 14, and 15 are dangerous when the glass is broken during carrying or on-site installation, a Bourdon tube type that does not use a glass material is preferably used.

  The flow meter 16 measures the amount of purified water per minute of the entire simple water purifier, and for example, an electromagnetic flow meter is used. Even if there is no flow meter 16 at the realization site, it is sufficient if the amount of purified drinking water can be roughly confirmed with a bucket scale or the like.

Next, an example of the filter 4 provided with the paper filter cartridge will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view with a part cut away for explaining the structure of the filter 4. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the structure of the filter 4. 4A is a perspective view for explaining the structure of the paper filter cartridge before being accommodated in the filter 4, and FIG. 4B is a paper filter when being accommodated in the filter 4. It is the perspective view which notched a part for explaining the winding state of a cartridge.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the filter 4 includes a cylindrical container body 401 whose one end is closed and the other end is opened, a paper filter cartridge 407 accommodated in the container body 401, and a container body. The lid 403 mainly covers the opening 411 of 401. The paper filter cartridge 407 is mainly composed of a bag-shaped filter paper 402 and a connecting pipe 422.

  The bag-shaped filter paper 402 is a flat bag body having a rectangular shape in a plan view having a small hole portion 421 at one corner. The small hole portion 421 has a connecting pipe 422 for taking in water to be treated into the bag-shaped filter paper 402. The connecting tube 422 is inserted along one side of the bag-shaped filter paper 402, and is firmly fixed to the small hole portion 421 with one end projecting from the small hole portion 421. An O-ring 423 is attached to the protruding side of the connecting pipe 422 near the tip, which improves the adhesion with the through-hole 433 when inserted into the through-hole 433 of the lid 403, which will be described later, and has a sealing property. Has improved. The length of the insertion portion of the connecting pipe 422 is not particularly limited, but the bag-like filter paper 402 is easily wound when the bag-like filter paper 402 is wound, and the bag-like filter paper 402 is deteriorated by the water flow introduced from the connecting pipe 422. From the viewpoint of preventing this, it is preferably about 1/4 to 3/4 of the side of the adjacent bag-shaped filter paper 402.

Further, as a result of various studies from the viewpoint of practicality, it has been found that a material satisfying the following conditions is preferable.
The first condition is preferably a material not subjected to water repellent treatment. The filtration rate can be improved compared to a material subjected to water repellent treatment.
The second condition is not a 100% pulp material but a mixed fiber of pulp and synthetic resin material such as PET, in particular, a mixed fiber containing pulp and PET in a ratio of 1 to 1 (weight ratio). Is preferred. When a synthetic resin material is included, the strength is improved. In particular, a one-to-one mixed fiber of pulp and PET is preferable in terms of increasing the cutting strength. In addition, since heat welding can be performed by using a mixed fiber with a synthetic resin material such as PET, processing or the like when forming a bag or fixing the connecting pipe 422 is facilitated.
As the third condition, it is preferable to perform a heating / pressurizing treatment with a hot roll. When the bag-like filter paper 402 is heated and pressurized with a hot roll, the fuzz of the mixed fiber that suppresses the filtration rate can be reduced, and thus the filtration rate can be improved.
As for 4th conditions, it is preferable that the thickness of the bag-shaped filter paper 402 after the process by a hot roll is about 50-70 micrometers. When the thickness of the bag-shaped filter paper 402 is in the above range, the filter 4 can be made compact without being bulky, so that it is convenient to carry and the filtration resistance can be reduced while maintaining sufficient filterability. .
The fifth condition is that the basis weight of the bag-shaped filter paper 402 is preferably about 20 to 40 g / m ² . When the basis weight is in the above range, the balance between the filtration rate and the suspended matter removal property is excellent.

  For example, such bag-shaped filter paper 402 is formed by stacking two substantially rectangular filter papers made of a material satisfying the above conditions, heat-welding four sides, forming a bag shape, and then cutting out one corner to form a small hole (cut (Notch part) 421 is provided, and a resin connection pipe 422 is inserted into the small hole part 421, and then the vicinity of the small hole part 421 of the bag-shaped filter paper 402 is heated to thermally weld the bag-shaped filter paper 402 and the connection pipe 422. Can be manufactured.

The bag-shaped filter paper 402 is overlaid on the nonwoven fabric 405 in an unfolded state (see FIG. 4A), and is spirally formed with the nonwoven fabric 405 around the connection tube 422 as shown in FIG. 4B. The wound body 406 is wound and accommodated in the container body 401 (see FIGS. 2 and 3). In this way, by forming the wound body 406 by winding the nonwoven fabric 405 and the bag-shaped filter paper 402 at the same time, even when the water to be treated is introduced into the bag-shaped filter paper 402 and the bag-shaped filter paper 402 expands, The bag-shaped filter papers 402 taken together or the bag-shaped filter paper 402 and the inner wall of the container main body 401 come into contact with each other, so that there is no gap in the container main body 401 serving as a flow path through which treated water passes, and the bag-shaped filter paper 402 is permeated. It is possible to avoid obstructing the flow of water.
If the thickness of the nonwoven fabric 405 is too thick, the nonwoven fabric 405 is bulky and is unsuitable for carrying because the filter 4 becomes large. If it is too thin, an appropriate water channel (treated water channel) cannot be formed between the bag-shaped filter papers 402. . Therefore, the thickness is preferably about 2 to 5 mm.

  The lid body 403 is a cylindrical body having a thick bottom part 431, and the inner diameter of the cylindrical part 432 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the container main body 401 so that it can be fitted on the opening 411 side of the container main body 401. . An outer screw portion 412 is provided on the outer wall in the vicinity of the opening 411 of the container body 401, and an inner screw portion (reference number) is provided on the inner wall of the cylindrical portion 432 of the lid 403 so that the outer screw portion 412 can be screwed. None) is provided. In addition, an O-ring 413 is attached to the end portion of the external screw portion 412 to enhance the sealing performance with the lid body 403. The bottom portion 431 is provided with a through hole 433, and an inner screw portion 434 is provided on the outer side of the through hole 433 (on the side opposite to the side facing the container body 401) in the length direction of the through hole 433 to the middle position. Is provided so that it can be screwed into the outer screw portion 441 of the introduction tube 404. An O-ring 442 that is in pressure contact with the lid 403 when the introduction tube 404 is screwed is attached to the end portion of the outer screw portion 441 of the introduction tube 404, thereby further preventing water leakage from inside the container body 401. It can be reliably prevented. A connecting pipe 422 with an O-ring 423 attached in the vicinity of the tip is inserted on the side of the through hole 433 facing the container body 401, and the introduction pipe 404 and the connecting pipe 422 are coaxially placed in the through hole 433. Connected to.

  The introduction pipe 404 has a through hole 443 inside, and the side opposite to the connection side with the lid body 403 is connected to the line L1, and the water to be treated introduced into the introduction pipe 404 via the L1 is connected to the connection pipe. The filtered water introduced into the bag-shaped filter paper 402 via 422 and permeated through the bag-shaped filter paper 402 passes through the non-woven fabric 405 as a spacer (and the gap in the container main body 401), and reaches the bottom 414 of the container main body 401. It is taken out from the provided outlet 415. At that time, the filth removed from the water to be treated is accumulated in the bag-shaped filter paper 402.

  When filth increases in the bag-like filter paper 402 or clogging or the like, and the filtration performance of the bag-like filter paper 402 is reduced, the bag-like filter paper 402 and the connecting pipe 422 with the O-ring 423 closely attached to the tip portion Is replaced with the paper filter cartridge 407 integrated. Since the paper filter cartridge 407 is mounted by inserting the connection tube 422 into the through hole 433 of the lid 403 as described above, the paper filter cartridge 407 can be easily removed by pulling out the connection tube 422. The filter cartridge 407 can be discarded as it is together with the dirt accumulated in the bag-like filter paper 402. Similarly, a new paper filter cartridge 407 can be mounted by being inserted into the through hole 433 of the lid 403. Therefore, it is preferable because the paper filter cartridge 407 can be replaced without complicated operations even in an emergency such as a disaster.

Thus, the replacement of the paper filter cartridge 407 is easy, but in order to make the paper filter cartridge 407 usable for a long time, the line bundle (LV) of the paper filter cartridge 407 is about 5 to 15 m ³ / m ² / day. It is preferable that

Next, the sand filter cylinder 6 used for this embodiment is demonstrated.
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a sand filter cylinder 6 according to an embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 5, the sand filtration cylinder 6 is mainly composed of a bottomed cylindrical sand filtration container 601 having a filtration layer, which will be described later, and a lid 611 that closes the open end of the sand filtration container 601. .
In the sand filtration container 601, a resin pellet layer 602 as a support floor, a lower nonwoven fabric layer 603, a quartz sand layer 604, an upper nonwoven fabric layer 605, and an air layer (cushion portion) 606 are formed in order from the bottom as a filtration layer. .

The LV per water area of the sand filter cylinder 6 is preferably about ^{3 to} 6 m ³ / m ² / hour, and the water purification speed per volume of the sand filter cylinder 6, that is, the volume speed (SV) is 30 to 50 m ³ / It is preferably about m ³ / hour. When LV and SV are in the above ranges, it is excellent in suspension removability, pulsation prevention, and setting of appropriate design conditions.

Hereinafter, the elements constituting the sand filter cylinder 6 will be described in order.
The uppermost air layer 606 suppresses the pulsation of the reciprocating manual pump 5, and the volume of the air layer 606 is such that when the simple water purifier 100 is operated for about 4 to 5 hours, a part of the air is covered. The water to be treated is transported to the subsequent stage and the treated water fills the decrease in the air layer. Therefore, in order to always keep the air layer 606 above a certain level, a pipe provided with an air intake valve 607 connected to the outside air as an air intake port so as to communicate with the air layer 606 on the upper part of the sand filter cylinder 6 with the lid 611. (Air intake pipe) 608 is provided, and at the same time, a pipe (drain pipe) 610 provided with a water level adjustment valve 609 is used as an outlet for removing excess water and lowering the water level to adjust the water surface position to a predetermined position. Provided.

  The lid 611 is provided with an inlet (not shown) for the water to be treated so as to project outward, and can be connected to the line L3 in a liquid-tight manner. The lid 611 is concave, and the inner bottom 616 is formed with a shallow groove 617 along the outer edge of the inner bottom, and is packed with a packing 618. When the sand filtration container 601 is closed, the opening of the sand filter 601 is opened. The sealing property is enhanced by bringing the end and the packing 618 into contact with each other. Immediately below the inlet of the inner bottom 616 of the lid body 611, the momentum of the water to be treated flowing from the line L3 is stopped, and a slight distance from the inner bottom 616 is provided in order to distribute and distribute the water to some extent on the filtration layer. A watering plate 612 is fixed at a position by two round bars 613. When the lid 611, the watering plate 612, and the round bar 613 are made of resin such as vinyl chloride, the lid 611, the watering plate 612, and the round bar 613 are fixed by welding or adhesion, for example. The watering plate 612 is a disk shape having a diameter that is about 2 to 10 times larger than the inner diameter of the pipe constituting the line L3, and is preferably about 1/3 to 1/5 of the inner diameter of the sand filtration container 601. Although the diameter of the water spray plate 612 is set to a size that can cover the inner area of the sand filtration container 601, it is also possible to provide a punching hole or the like in the water spray plate to spray water over the entire surface of the filtration layer of the sand filtration container 601. The installation situation at the site is unknown, and it is often difficult to install horizontally, and if the watering plate is tilted, the flow will be limited to one direction and will not be sprinkled all over. It is rather undesirable to make the watering plate 612 larger. On the other hand, when the watering plate 612 is not present or too small, the central portion of the quartz sand layer 604 is recessed by the momentum of the water to be treated flowing from the line L3, and an inverted conical hole is formed, so that a short circuit of water is likely to occur. . In a small portable sand filter cylinder 6, compactness and weight reduction are important points, so the filling volume and height cannot be increased. The filling height of the quartz sand (the height of the quartz sand layer 604) is preferably about 4 to 10 cm, but if a dent of about 2 to 3 cm in depth is generated at such a height, the possibility of short circuit is too large. . Therefore, it is desirable to install the watering plate 612 for portable use. A method of branching the pipes constituting L3 into a plurality of pipes before entering the sand filter cylinder 6 to disperse the water to be treated to be supplied to the quartz sand layer 604 so that no dents are generated in the central portion is also considered. However, if the piping has a complicated shape, there is a high possibility that the piping will be damaged during carrying. Even if a flexible tube is used as the piping to prevent the piping from being damaged, the tube connecting portion (piping) of the lid 611 There is a possibility of damage to the connection part), which is not practical.

  The diameters of the air intake valve 607, the water level adjustment valve 609, and the pipes 608 and 610 do not have to be so large. For example, the inner diameter may be about 8 mm. The air intake valve 607 and the water level adjustment valve 609 may be automatic valves or manual valves.

The air layer 606 also affects the operability of the manual pump 5. That is, in the state where there is no air layer 606, the entire state of the simple water purifier 100 from the manual pump 5 to L6 is connected with water in series, and the resistance at the time of discharge of the manual pump 5 increases. The pump operator is excessively labor intensive. However, the presence of the air layer 606 not only can reduce pulsation as described above, but also can reduce the force required for the pump operator when operating the manual pump 5 by the cushioning action of the air layer 606. It becomes. Further, even if the operation of the manual pump 5 is stopped, for example, if the residual pressure in the sand filtration cylinder 6 at the time of the stop is about 50 kPa, drinking water continuously flows for about 15 to 30 seconds. The residual pressure finally reaches zero. Therefore, during the operation of the manual pump 5, even if water is intermittently supplied, the water after passing through the sand filter cylinder 6 becomes a stunning uniform flow with almost no pulsation.
At that time, water purification dose or volume rate per volume of the air layer 606 (space velocity) (SV) is preferably 60~120m ³ / ^{m 3} / about hour.

  The quartz sand layer 604 is preferably a natural crushed material having a particle size of about 500 to 850 μm. When the particle size is too large, the trapping performance of suspended substances and the like is lowered, and when it is too small, the quartz sand layer 604 is clogged quickly, and a large pressure loss tends to occur in a short time. Such quartz sand having a particle size of about 500 to 850 μm may be contained in a weight percentage of 50% or more, preferably about 60 to 90% of the entire quartz sand layer 604. In addition, the trapping performance of suspended solids hardly increases even if the filling height of the artificially shaped quartz sand is increased. On the other hand, natural crushed quartz sand has a rough surface during pulverization, so that there are many irregularities and corners on the surface, and fine suspended particles are captured by the combination of corners and protrusions on the sand surface. It is considered possible. In addition, if the surface is square and the silica sand has an appropriate particle size, the filled quartz sand layer 604 can capture fine suspended substances of various sizes almost over the entire area of the quartz sand layer 604. There is no uneven clogging or leakage of microsuspension in the upper surface layer of the filtration that has occurred in the filtration device, and the amount of purified water in the latter stage activated carbon cylinder 7 and membrane filter 8 including the sand filtration cylinder 6 over a long period of time No pressure loss rises. The filling height of quartz sand (the height of the quartz sand layer 604) is preferably about 4 to 10 cm.

The release valve 614 is provided as a pressure relief measure when any of the sand filter cylinder 6, the activated carbon cylinder 7 and the membrane filter 8 is clogged and the pressure rises abnormally. In addition, when the operator of the manual pump 5 performs a reciprocal reciprocating operation, the amount of purified water is increased and the pressure in the sand filter cylinder 6 is about 150 to 180 kPa at the maximum, but such an abnormal pressure rise is prevented. It is also effective as a countermeasure. Further, if the LV exceeds about 10 m ³ / m ² / hour due to intense operation of the manual pump 5, the purification efficiency of the entire system is lowered, which is a preventive measure. The release setting of the release valve 614 is preferably 100 to 130 kPa, for example.

In the upper nonwoven fabric layer 605, coarse contaminants such as leaves and vinyl pieces are removed by the coarse filter 2, and small particles of about 0.05 to 1 mm are captured by the paper filter 4, so that rather than capturing suspended particles, Rather, the purpose is to disperse the water to be treated and to prevent the quartz sand layer 604 from being lost when the simple water purifier 100 (portable water purification kit) is carried and moved. The basis weight of the nonwoven fabric constituting the upper nonwoven fabric layer 605 is preferably about 100 to 250 g / m ² . The thickness of the upper nonwoven fabric 605 is better as it is thicker. However, since the upper nonwoven fabric 605 is for carrying, there is a restriction to make the sand filter cylinder 6 compact, and it is preferable that the thickness is about 3 to 5 cm. In addition, as a form at the time of sale of the simple water purification apparatus 100 (portable water purification kit), a dummy cardboard material is used for the air layer 606 on the upper nonwoven fabric layer 605 in order to prevent the packing in the sand filter cylinder 6 from being deformed. Can be put.

The lower nonwoven fabric layer 603 is a layer for preventing the upper-layer quartz sand from leaking to the subsequent process, and the basis weight of the nonwoven fabric constituting the lower nonwoven fabric layer 603 is 100 to 250 g / m ^2, similar to the upper nonwoven fabric layer 605. Good degree. Further, the thickness of the lower nonwoven fabric layer 603 before filling is preferably about 3 to 5 cm, but is about 1.5 to 2.5 cm due to the influence of the weight of the quartz sand layer 604 when the quartz sand layer 604 is filled.

  At a position communicating with the resin pellet layer 602 at the lower side of the side surface of the sand filtration container 601, a filtered water outlet (not shown) is provided so as to project from the line L4 in a liquid-tight manner. The filtered water that has passed through the bed is discharged to the line L4 through the filtered water outlet.

The sand filter cylinder 6, that is, the quartz sand layer 604, can be easily regenerated by transferring it to a bucket or the like and washing it with purified water.
For example, drive 5 hours a day, take 5 days of unblocked (still available) quartz sand layer 604 in a bucket, add 3 L of drinking water purified by this simple water purifier 100, and turn 3 After washing twice, there was almost no turbidity at the third time and it became almost transparent. The time required for one washing is only about 2 to 3 minutes, which indicates good sedimentation of quartz sand and good peelability of suspended substances. Therefore, it is possible to easily wash and reload the quartz sand layer 604 wherever the simple water purifier 100 is used. Further, in order to confirm that the entire area of the quartz sand layer 604 was filtered, the quartz sand layer 604 was separated into three layers of an upper layer portion, a middle layer portion, and a lower layer portion, and water washing was performed. Both layers contain a large amount of suspended solids, there is no significant difference from the results of SS analysis, there is no intensive suspended matter capture at the surface layer common to general filtration devices, It has been confirmed that suspended substances have been captured throughout the quartz sand layer 604.
In addition, from the results of comparative tests of various disk filters, sand filtration, diatomaceous earth filtration, thread-wound filters, etc., performed in parallel with the sand filter cylinder 6, the sand filter cylinder 6 is capable of removing suspended solids and filtering for a long time. It has been found that there is a clear advantage in pressure stability, detergency, pulsation prevention and the like.

  FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the reciprocating manual pump 5 used in the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 6, the reciprocating manual pump 5 is provided with a suction casing and a discharge opening, and is inserted from a pump casing (cylinder) 53 having an upper end opened, and an opening end of the pump casing 53. And a shaft portion 52 supported so as to be movable up and down. The suction port and the discharge port are liquid-tightly connected to the line L2 and the line L3, respectively. A handle 51 for hand-held is provided at one end of the shaft portion 52. When the shaft portion 52 connected to the handle 51 is reciprocated up and down, a piston (not shown) provided on the other end side of the shaft portion 52 is pumped. The casing 53 is moved up and down to change the capacity of the pump casing 53. Thereby, the water flows into the pump casing 53 from the line L2 through the suction port, and the water is discharged from the discharge port to the line L3. That is, when an operator puts his / her foot on the tread plate 54 provided at the lower end of the pump casing 53 and fixes the manual pump 5 and lifts the handle 51 upward, water is sucked into the pump casing 53 and the handle 51 is lowered. When pushed in, the water sucked into the pump casing 53 is discharged.

Thus, since the pump, sand filter cylinder, activated carbon cylinder, membrane filter, coarse filter, and paper filter used in this embodiment are all cylindrical, the pipes are removed and disassembled into each unit. It is easy to be accommodated in a carrying case such as a rucksack, and it is not bulky, so it is convenient to carry.
Although the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not construed as being limited to the above-described embodiments and examples described below. Various modifications can be made based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention. Changes, modifications and improvements can be made.

The simple water purifier 100 shown in FIG. 1 was assembled and tested according to the flow of FIG. In addition, about the detail of each component of the simple water purifier 100, it is as follows.
A water-resistant soft polyurethane tube was used for the pipes constituting the lines L1 to L6.
The coarse filter 2 uses a resin molded body of a substantially cylindrical shape having a diameter of 10 cm and a length of 17 cm having a plurality of small holes having a diameter of 5 mm, and a spherical float (float) made of polystyrene foam having a diameter of 7 cm floated in the water tank 1. 3 was hung and installed.
As the filter 4 having a paper filter cartridge (hereinafter also simply referred to as a paper filter), the filter 4 having the structure shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 (material of the container body 401 and the lid 403: made of vinyl chloride, The shape of the container main body 401: a diameter of 8 cm, a cylindrical shape having a length of 22, and a size when the bag-shaped filter paper 402 was developed: 18 cm × 40 cm was used. Further, the bag-like filter paper 402 is a fiber mixture of pulp and PET of 1: 1, which has not been subjected to water repellent treatment, has been subjected to heating roll treatment, and has a thickness of 60 μm and a basis weight of 30 g / m ² . It was.
The sand filter cylinder 6 (hereinafter also referred to as a quartz sand cylinder) is a sand filter cylinder 6 having the structure shown in FIG. 5 (material of the main body 601, the lid body 611 and the watering plate 612: made of vinyl chloride, the outer shape of the main body 601: Approximately 13 cm in diameter, approximately 21 cm in height, approximately cylindrical shape, sprinkling plate 612 diameter: 40 mm, air intake valve 607 and water level adjustment valve 609: manual valve with an inner diameter of 8 mm, pipe 608 and pipe 610 caliber: inner diameter of 8 mm, quartz sand layer 604 Height: 8 cm, weight of upper nonwoven fabric layer 605 and weight of lower nonwoven fabric layer 603: 180 g / m ² , thickness of upper nonwoven fabric layer 605: 3 cm, thickness of lower nonwoven fabric layer 603 before filling with quartz sand: 3 cm, The height of the resin pellet layer 602: 30 mm, the material of the resin pellet layer 602, etc .: resin pellets having a diameter of 10 mm) were used.
Both the activated carbon cylinder 7 and the membrane filter 8 have a substantially cylindrical shape with a diameter of 15 cm and a height of 35 cm, and the water to be treated is introduced into the cylinder (corresponding to the activated carbon cylinder 7 body or the membrane filter 8 body). The treated water inlet and the filtered water outlet for discharging the filtered water to the outside protruded from the outer periphery of the cylindrical body, and those that can be connected to the polyurethane tube (piping) were used. Activated carbon cylinder 7 is a cartridge type of loading Katorriji activated carbon is filled, the activated carbon packing ratio of the active carbon cartridge used was a ^{4L (SV25m 3 / m 3 /} h). Also, membrane filtration unit 8, using a UF membrane having a membrane area 2.0 m ² (flux 1.2m ³ / ^{m 2} / day).
As the pump 5, a reciprocating manual pump described in Patent Document 1 was used.

The amount of purified water (drinking water production amount) is about 60 L / hour, the bundle (LV) of the paper filter 4 is 10 m ³ / m ² / day, and the LV per water area of the sand filter cylinder 6 is 4.5 m ³ / m. ² / hour, the volume velocity (SV) of the sand filter cylinder 6 was about 45 m ³ / m ³ / hour. Incidentally, SV of the air layer 606 of sand filter tube 6 was ^{90m 3} / ^m 3 / h.
As the water to be treated (raw water) stored in the water tank 1, pseudo raw water in which various suspended substances such as diatomaceous earth and magnesium hydroxide were mixed with river water was used.
Table 1 shows the turbidity removal results and other water quality analysis results after 10 hours of continuous operation using this simulated raw water.

As shown in Table 1, the turbidity that was 98 degrees with the raw water could be reduced to 1 or less after the treatment with the sand filter cylinder 6. Thereby, it became possible to reduce significantly the load concerning the latter activated carbon cylinder 7 and the membrane filter 8. FIG.
Further, as shown in Table 1, the turbidity removal rate was about 70% after the treatment with the paper filter 4 of the example. On the other hand, for reference, when a filter made of a material that does not satisfy any of the first to fifth conditions described above was used and an experiment was conducted in the same manner, a result of inferior turbidity removal ability or filtration rate was obtained It was. That is, for example, when a commercially available coffee filter was used, the suspended substances almost passed, and the removal rate was about 10%, which was extremely low. Moreover, when the business paper filter used in the coffee vending machine was used, although the turbidity was removed by about 50 to 60%, the filtration rate became slow. Therefore, it turned out that it is excellent in the balance of filtration speed and turbidity removal ability by using the bag-shaped filter paper 402 of the raw material which satisfy | fills the 1st-5th conditions.

  In addition, Table 2 shows the results of a comparative test performed in the same manner as described above with the particle size of quartz sand changed. As shown in Table 2, in the test 1, quartz sand containing 64.9% by weight of particles having a particle size of 100 to 300 μm (small particle size) was used. Clogging concentrated, pressure loss (pressure loss) increased to 85 kPa, and operation became impossible. In Test 3, quartz sand containing 74.9% by weight of particles having a particle size of 900 to 1100 μm (large particle size) was used, but the trapping property of turbidity components was poor, and the turbidity from 66 ° at the paper filter outlet was low. The turbidity was only 14% decreased to 57 degrees. In Test 2, quartz sand containing 84.3% by weight of particles having a particle size of 500 to 850 μm (medium particle size) was used, but even after 1 hour of operation, the pressure loss was 8 kPa, which was the same as the pressure loss immediately after the start of operation. The degree could be less than 1 degree, and the filterability was excellent.

  In the field test, the Tamagawa River near Akishima City, Tokyo, was operated continuously for 5 hours according to the purification flow shown in Fig. 1. However, there was no increase in the pressure loss of the activated carbon or UF membrane, and the quality of the purified water was drinking water. Clear all 51 items including general bacteria and Escherichia coli stipulated as water quality standards (standards stipulated in “Ministerial Ordinance on Water Quality Standards” promulgated on May 30, 2003 based on Article 4 of the Water Supply Law) It was a result.

L1 to L6 Piping 1 Water tank 2 Coarse filter 3 Float 4 Filter (paper filter)
5 Reciprocating manual pump 6 Sand filter cylinder 7 Activated carbon cylinder 8 Membrane filter 9 Drinking water storage tank 100 Simple water purifier

Claims (12)

A pump that pumps up and feeds the water to be treated;
A sand filter cylinder having a quartz sand layer as a filter layer;
An activated carbon cylinder and / or a membrane filter filled with activated carbon;
A pipe connecting the components,
The membrane filter comprises a microfiltration membrane, an ultrafiltration membrane or a reverse osmosis membrane,
The pump, the sand filter cylinder, the activated carbon cylinder and / or the membrane filter are connected in order to the constituent elements by the pipes, and the water to be pumped by the pump is filtered through the sand filter cylinder, and then the activated carbon cylinder and / or Or it is a kit that can assemble a simple water purification device that passes water through a membrane filter and obtains treated water,
A portable water purification kit characterized in that each component can be stored in a carrying case when housed.   The carrying according to claim 1, wherein the quartz sand layer is made of crushed quartz sand obtained by crushing natural host rock, and contains 50% or more of a particle having a particle diameter of 500 to 850 μm by weight. Type water purification kit.   The portable water purification kit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the filtered water turbidity after filtration by the sand filter cylinder is 1 degree or less.   The pump is a pump that generates discharge pulsation such as a reciprocating manual pump, and the sand filter cylinder reduces pulsation of water to be treated which is fed by the pump above the filtration layer in the sand filter cylinder. The portable water purification kit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising an air layer. The sand filter cylinder is provided with an inlet for introducing the water to be treated at the upper part and an outlet for taking out the treated water at the lower part, and the filtration layer is formed so that an air layer is provided above the filtration layer. And
An air intake port for taking air into the filter cylinder so as to further communicate with the air layer above the sand filter cylinder, and the air in the filter cylinder to the outside when the pressure in the filter cylinder exceeds a certain pressure And a release valve to release,
A discharge port equipped with a water level adjustment valve for adjusting the water level in the filtration cylinder is provided at a predetermined position near the top of the filtration layer,
The portable water purification kit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the water level and the amount of air in the filtration cylinder are adjusted so that the air layer is always maintained even during filtration of the water to be treated. .   The sand filter cylinder includes a water spray plate that stops the momentum of the water to be treated flowing from the introduction port below the introduction port and disperses the treatment water supplied onto the filtration layer below. The portable water purification kit according to any one of claims 1 to 5.   The portable water purification kit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the portable water purification kit further includes a filter provided with a disposable paper filter cartridge, which is disposed upstream of the sand filter cylinder. kit. A filter equipped with the paper filter cartridge,
A cylindrical container body having a bottom at one end, an opening at the other end, and an outlet for taking out filtrated water at or near the bottom,
A bag-shaped filter paper housed in the container body and formed into a flat bag shape having a substantially rectangular shape in plan view and having a small hole portion at one corner, and the bag from the small hole portion so that one end protrudes outward. A paper filter cartridge having a connecting tube inserted into the filter paper and fixed in close contact with the small hole portion;
A sheet-like spacer made of a porous material for forming a gap serving as a flow path in the container body when the paper filter cartridge is accommodated in the container body;
A lid that closes the opening of the container body, having a bottomed cylindrical shape, having a through-hole in a thick bottom portion, and having an internal screw portion on the outer side of the through-hole;
An introduction pipe for introducing the water to be treated provided with an outer screw part that can be screwed into the inner screw part at one end;
With
The filter is configured such that the introduction pipe is screwed into an inner screw portion in the through hole of the lid body, and the connection pipe of the paper filter cartridge is inserted into the other end side of the through hole. And the connection tube in a liquid-tight manner, and the paper filter cartridge is wound around the connection tube together with the spacer superimposed on the bag-shaped filter paper portion of the paper filter cartridge in the container body. Housed and assembled by closing the opening of the container body with the lid,
Polluted water introduced from the introduction pipe into the bag-like filter paper through the connecting pipe, and filtered water that permeated through the bag-like filter paper was taken out from the outlet at the bottom of the container body and removed from the treated water. The portable water purification kit according to claim 7, wherein an object is stored in the bag-shaped filter paper.   The bag-shaped filter paper is made of a mixed fiber of pulp and PET, heated and pressurized by a heat roller, and manufactured after forming the filter paper having a thickness of 50 to 70 μm after the processing into a bag shape, The portable water purification kit according to claim 8, wherein the surface is not subjected to water repellent treatment.   The portable water purification kit according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the connection pipe is a resin pipe and is in close contact with the bag-like filter paper by heat welding.   The portable water purification kit according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the portable water purification kit further includes a coarse filter for removing coarse impurities such as leaves and vinyl pieces.   It has a quartz sand layer as a filtration layer, the quartz sand layer is made of crushed quartz sand obtained by crushing natural host rock, and contains 50% or more of a particle having a particle size of 500 to 850 μm by weight. Sand filter cylinder.

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