JP2017020470A - Flow control valve - Google Patents

Flow control valve Download PDF

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JP2017020470A
JP2017020470A JP2015140953A JP2015140953A JP2017020470A JP 2017020470 A JP2017020470 A JP 2017020470A JP 2015140953 A JP2015140953 A JP 2015140953A JP 2015140953 A JP2015140953 A JP 2015140953A JP 2017020470 A JP2017020470 A JP 2017020470A
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valve
valve body
seat
control valve
fuel
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石川　亨
Toru Ishikawa
石川　　亨
三冨士　政徳
Masanori Mifuji
政徳 三冨士
仁 古舘
Hitoshi Furudate
仁 古舘
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Hitachi Astemo Ltd
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Hitachi Automotive Systems Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a flow control valve which comprises a valve seat for contacting with a valve element at an outer peripheral part of a nozzle tip and the valve element for contacting with the valve seat to close a fuel passage and separating from the valve seat to form the fuel passage, and which enables injection from multiple nozzle holes with a simple structure.SOLUTION: A flow control valve comprises a valve element movable in the axial direction, a valve seat on which the valve element sits when moving to the upstream side, a fuel passage which is formed on the downstream side of the valve seat and on the outer peripheral side of the valve element when the valve element moves to the downstream side from the valve seat, and nozzle holes formed on the downstream side of the fuel passage.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

本発明は、内燃機関に用いられる流量制御弁であって、電圧又は電流を印可することにより、弁体を引き上げるもしくは押し下げることにより、弁座と流路を形成し、そこから燃料を噴出させる構成の流量制御弁に関する。特に、燃料噴射弁に多く用いる装置である。   The present invention relates to a flow control valve used in an internal combustion engine, which is configured to form a valve seat and a flow path by pulling up or pushing down a valve body by applying voltage or current, and jetting fuel therefrom. The present invention relates to a flow control valve. In particular, the apparatus is frequently used for fuel injection valves.

本発明の従来技術の流量制御弁として特許文献１に記載のものがある。この特許文献１には、通電の開始により圧電素子の伸びを直接弁体に伝えて、弁体を押すとき弁体先端部が弁座から離れることにより、燃料流路を形成し、ここから燃料を噴射し、通電が終了すると弁体に備えられたスプリングの力により、弁体は引き戻され、弁座と当接し、燃料流路が閉鎖して燃料噴射を終了する構造を有した流量制御弁について記載されている。   There exists a thing of patent document 1 as a flow control valve of the prior art of this invention. In Patent Document 1, the expansion of the piezoelectric element is directly transmitted to the valve body by the start of energization, and when the valve body is pushed, the tip of the valve body is separated from the valve seat, thereby forming a fuel flow path from which the fuel passage is formed. When the energization is completed, the valve body is pulled back by the force of the spring provided in the valve body, abuts against the valve seat, and the fuel flow path is closed to terminate the fuel injection, and the flow control valve has a structure Is described.

特開２００２−３１０１０号公報JP 2002-31010 A

しかしながら、圧電素子は電圧を印加すると伸長する構造であるために、弁体を押すことにより燃料を噴射する構造となる。弁体先端は円錐形状が一般的であり、生成される噴霧は傘状噴霧となる。通電により弁体を引き上げて燃料を多噴孔より噴霧する流量制御弁と比較すると、噴霧レイアウトの自由度が少ない。   However, since the piezoelectric element has a structure that expands when a voltage is applied, the fuel is injected by pushing the valve body. The tip of the valve body is generally conical, and the generated spray is an umbrella spray. Compared with a flow control valve that pulls up the valve body by energization and sprays fuel from the multi-holes, the degree of freedom in spray layout is small.

本発明の目的は、ノズル先端外周部に弁体と当接する弁座と弁座と当接することで燃料通路を閉じ、弁座から離れることによって燃料通路を形成するように稼働する弁体を備える流量制御弁において、簡単な構造にて多噴孔から噴出させることを可能とした流量制御弁を提供することにある。   An object of the present invention is provided with a valve seat that contacts a valve body at a nozzle tip outer peripheral portion, and a valve body that operates so as to form a fuel passage by closing the fuel passage by coming into contact with the valve seat and leaving the valve seat. An object of the present invention is to provide a flow rate control valve that can be ejected from multiple injection holes with a simple structure.

上記目的を達成するために本発明の燃料噴射弁は、軸方向に移動する弁体と、前記弁体が上流側に移動した場合に着座する弁座と、前記弁体が前記弁座から下流側に移動した場合に前記弁座の下流側で、かつ、前記弁体の外周側に形成される燃料通路と、前記燃料通路の下流側に形成される噴射孔と、を備えたことを特徴とする。   In order to achieve the above object, a fuel injection valve according to the present invention includes a valve body that moves in an axial direction, a valve seat that is seated when the valve body moves upstream, and the valve body that is downstream from the valve seat. A fuel passage formed on the downstream side of the valve seat and the outer peripheral side of the valve body when moved to the side, and an injection hole formed on the downstream side of the fuel passage. And

本発明によれば、流量制御弁の構造を簡略化でき、噴霧を任意に指向できるオリフィスと弁体を構成することが可能となる。   ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the structure of a flow control valve can be simplified and it becomes possible to comprise the orifice and valve body which can direct spraying arbitrarily.

本実施例の燃料噴射弁の全体の断面図を示す。1 is a cross-sectional view of the entire fuel injection valve of the present embodiment. 本実施例の燃料噴射弁の閉弁状態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the valve closing state of the fuel injection valve of a present Example. 本実施例の燃料噴射弁の開弁状態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the valve opening state of the fuel injection valve of a present Example. 本実施例の圧電素子を説明するための図である。It is a figure for demonstrating the piezoelectric element of a present Example. 本実施例の燃料噴射弁のキャップ部品の固定方法を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the fixing method of the cap components of the fuel injection valve of a present Example.

以下に、本発明の構造が多く用いられる燃料噴射弁の実施形態について添付図面を参照しながら説明する。   Embodiments of a fuel injection valve in which the structure of the present invention is often used will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

図１は、本実施例の燃料噴射弁の全体の断面図を示す。
弁体２の先端部に通常時（電圧未印加時）閉とする制御弁である。流量制御弁の上方の燃料供給口８から燃料が供給され、二重円管のすきまの流路を流れノズル３と弁体２のすきまから、弁座部へと到達する。駆動素子６は電圧又は電流に比例して伸長する素子である。なお、この駆動素子は、素線を円周上に巻いたコイル等のソレノイドでもよい。この場合は、コイルに通電したときに、磁気吸引力により弁体２を押し下げる構造とする。駆動素子６の下方端部には、弁体２の先端部が当接しており、駆動素子６の動作によりこれを直接動作させる。弁座１はノズル３先端外周部に形成されている。ノズル３の先端部にキャップ部品１２が設けられている。駆動素子６が動作することにより、当接している弁体２が下方に押し下げられ、弁座１から弁体２が離れ、シート部燃料流路１０を形成して、キャップ部品１２に開口している噴射孔１１より燃料を噴射する。通電が終了すると弁体２に設けられたスプリング４の力により弁体２と弁座１が当接し、これにより生じるすきまがシート部燃料流路１０を閉塞し噴射が終了する。 FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of the entire fuel injection valve of the present embodiment.
This is a control valve that is normally closed (when no voltage is applied) to the tip of the valve body 2. Fuel is supplied from the fuel supply port 8 above the flow rate control valve, flows through the gap between the double circular pipes, and reaches the valve seat from the gap between the nozzle 3 and the valve body 2. The driving element 6 is an element that expands in proportion to voltage or current. The drive element may be a solenoid such as a coil in which a wire is wound on the circumference. In this case, when the coil is energized, the valve body 2 is pushed down by the magnetic attractive force. The tip of the valve element 2 is in contact with the lower end of the drive element 6 and is directly operated by the operation of the drive element 6. The valve seat 1 is formed on the outer periphery of the nozzle 3 tip. A cap component 12 is provided at the tip of the nozzle 3. When the driving element 6 is operated, the valve body 2 that is in contact with the valve element 2 is pushed downward, the valve body 2 is separated from the valve seat 1, the seat part fuel flow path 10 is formed, and the cap part 12 is opened. Fuel is injected from the injection holes 11 that are present. When the energization is completed, the valve body 2 and the valve seat 1 come into contact with each other by the force of the spring 4 provided on the valve body 2, and the clearance generated thereby closes the seat portion fuel flow path 10 and the injection ends.

図２は本実施例の燃料噴射弁の閉弁状態を示す図である。キャップ部品１１には１つ以上の第一の噴射孔１１ａあり、これと同心円状に第二の噴射孔１１ｂが開口している。なお、第二の噴射孔１１ｂが開口していな場合もある。尚、第二の噴射孔径は第一の噴射孔径より大きく設定する。駆動素子６に通電されると、弁体２が押し下げられて、隙間が生じて、シート部１０に燃料流路が形成される。燃料はシート部１０より流出してキャップ部品隙間を通り、第一の噴射孔１１ａを通り、同心円状に第二の噴射孔１１ｂより噴射される。が終了すると弁体２に設けられたスプリング４の力により弁体２と弁座１が当接し、これにより生じるすきまがシート部燃料流路１０を閉塞し噴射が終了する。キャップ部品１２には隙間１３を有するために、燃料噴射終了から開始まで期間が長くなると、隙間に滞留している燃料が流出してしまうため、噴射期間の間隔（噴射開始から次の噴射開始までの期間）が0.5ms以下という高周波数での駆動条件が望ましい。   FIG. 2 is a view showing a closed state of the fuel injection valve of the present embodiment. The cap part 11 has one or more first injection holes 11a, and a second injection hole 11b is opened concentrically therewith. In some cases, the second injection hole 11b is not open. The second injection hole diameter is set larger than the first injection hole diameter. When the drive element 6 is energized, the valve body 2 is pushed down, a gap is created, and a fuel flow path is formed in the seat portion 10. The fuel flows out of the seat portion 10, passes through the gap between the cap parts, passes through the first injection hole 11a, and is injected concentrically from the second injection hole 11b. When the operation ends, the valve body 2 and the valve seat 1 come into contact with each other by the force of the spring 4 provided on the valve body 2, and the clearance generated thereby closes the seat portion fuel flow path 10 and the injection ends. Since the cap part 12 has the gap 13, if the period from the end of fuel injection to the start becomes longer, the fuel staying in the gap will flow out, so the interval of the injection period (from the start of injection to the start of the next injection) The driving condition at a high frequency of 0.5 ms or less is desirable.

以上のように本実施例の燃料噴射弁は軸方向に移動する弁体２と、弁体２が上流側に移動した場合に着座する弁座１と、弁体２が弁座１から下流側に移動した場合に弁座１の下流側で、かつ、弁体２の外周側に形成される燃料通路（シート部燃料流路１０）と、を備える。そしてさらに燃料通路（シート部燃料流路１０）の下流側に形成される複数の噴射孔と、を備えた。そして１回の噴射において弁体２の開弁時間と弁体２の閉弁時間の和、すなわち噴射期間の間隔が0.5m以下に設定されたことが望ましい。   As described above, the fuel injection valve of this embodiment includes the valve body 2 that moves in the axial direction, the valve seat 1 that is seated when the valve body 2 moves upstream, and the valve body 2 that is downstream from the valve seat 1. And a fuel passage (seat portion fuel passage 10) formed on the downstream side of the valve seat 1 and on the outer peripheral side of the valve body 2 when moved to. And a plurality of injection holes formed on the downstream side of the fuel passage (seat portion fuel passage 10). It is desirable that the sum of the valve opening time of the valve body 2 and the valve closing time of the valve body 2 in one injection, that is, the interval of the injection period is set to 0.5 m or less.

また弁体２はノズル３の先端部より下流側に突出するように構成され、閉弁時にノズル３の先端部に形成された前記座部と当接する。また開弁時に弁体２が下流側に変位し、座部１より離れた場合に燃料通路（シート部燃料流路１０）が形成され、ノズル３の先端部に複数の噴射孔が形成される中空のキャップ状部品が取り付けられる。   The valve body 2 is configured to protrude downstream from the tip portion of the nozzle 3, and abuts on the seat portion formed at the tip portion of the nozzle 3 when the valve is closed. Further, when the valve body 2 is displaced downstream and separated from the seat portion 1 when the valve is opened, a fuel passage (seat portion fuel passage 10) is formed, and a plurality of injection holes are formed at the tip portion of the nozzle 3. A hollow cap-shaped part is attached.

図３は本実施例の燃料噴射弁の開弁状態を示す図である。駆動素子６に通電され、噴射流量に必要なシート部断面積が得られるような、弁体のストローク量１４となるように弁体２が押し下げられた場合、キャップ部品内側底面１５にと弁体先端部２ａに必ずクリアランスを設ける。つまりキャップ状部品の内径側先端部と開弁時の弁体先端部との間に隙間が形成される。これにより、弁体２の変形を防ぎ、安定して燃料を噴射孔１１に流入させることが可能である。   FIG. 3 is a view showing the opened state of the fuel injection valve of the present embodiment. When the valve element 2 is pushed down so as to obtain a stroke amount 14 of the valve body, which energizes the drive element 6 and obtains a cross-sectional area required for the injection flow rate, the valve element is connected to the inner bottom surface 15 of the cap part. A clearance must be provided at the tip 2a. That is, a gap is formed between the inner diameter side distal end portion of the cap-shaped part and the valve body distal end portion when the valve is opened. Thereby, the deformation of the valve body 2 can be prevented, and the fuel can be stably flowed into the injection hole 11.

図４は圧電素子を説明するための図である。駆動素子６に圧電素子１６を用いる。流量制御弁を構成している金属部品（例えばステンレス鋼など）より圧電素子１６の構成している部材は線膨張率が小さいものがある。このとき、温度が上昇すると、構成している金属は大きく伸びるが駆動素子６は伸びずに弁体２を押し下げる距離が相対的に短くなり、燃料のシールが出来ずに流出し続ける。そのため、温度が上昇した場合は弁座１と弁対隙間ができないようにダンパー７を設ける。ダンパー７にはシリンダとプランジャからなり、シリンダとプランジャの隙間にはオイルが封入されており、温度が高くなるとオイルが膨張し、シリンダが伸びる。この伸びにより、弁座１と弁体２の隙間が発生しない状態となる。なお、圧電素子１６は防水密閉構造になっている又は耐燃料性がある場合は液中に設置することも可能である。圧電素子１６は動作周期が非常に速いために、低噴射パルスでの駆動が可能であり、小流量で安定して噴射可能となる。   FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the piezoelectric element. A piezoelectric element 16 is used as the driving element 6. Some members constituting the piezoelectric element 16 are smaller in linear expansion coefficient than metal parts (for example, stainless steel) constituting the flow rate control valve. At this time, when the temperature rises, the constituent metal greatly expands, but the drive element 6 does not extend and the distance to push down the valve body 2 becomes relatively short, and the fuel continues to flow out without being sealed. Therefore, the damper 7 is provided so that there is no gap between the valve seat 1 and the valve pair when the temperature rises. The damper 7 is composed of a cylinder and a plunger, and oil is sealed in the gap between the cylinder and the plunger. When the temperature rises, the oil expands and the cylinder extends. Due to this elongation, there is no gap between the valve seat 1 and the valve body 2. In addition, the piezoelectric element 16 can be installed in a liquid if it has a waterproof sealed structure or has fuel resistance. Since the piezoelectric element 16 has a very fast operation cycle, it can be driven with a low injection pulse and can be stably injected with a small flow rate.

図５は本実施例の燃料噴射弁のキャップ部品の固定方法を示す図である。ノズル３に圧入されたキャップ部品１３は、固定と燃料漏れを防止するために、ノズル段差部３ａに溶接又は接着を行う。燃料圧力が高い場合は、ノズル３の先端部外周とキャップ部品１３の内径にねじ加工を行う。キャップ部品の端面を楔上にして、ノズル側の部品へと食い込ませて密着させて、加締めることにより、燃料の漏れを防ぐ。この場合、キャップ１３とノズル３は硬度差を持つように、材料を選定する。又は、熱処理にて硬度差を有するようにしてもよい。   FIG. 5 is a view showing a method of fixing the cap part of the fuel injection valve of this embodiment. The cap component 13 press-fitted into the nozzle 3 is welded or bonded to the nozzle step portion 3a in order to prevent fixation and fuel leakage. When the fuel pressure is high, the outer periphery of the tip of the nozzle 3 and the inner diameter of the cap part 13 are threaded. The end face of the cap part is placed on the wedge, and it is squeezed into the part on the nozzle side so as to be in close contact, and the leakage is prevented by caulking. In this case, the material is selected so that the cap 13 and the nozzle 3 have a hardness difference. Or you may make it have a hardness difference by heat processing.

１ 弁座
２ 弁体
３ ノズル
４ スプリング
５ 金属性シール部材
６ 駆動素子
７ ダンパー
８ 燃料供給口
９ 電圧入力端子
１０ シート部
１０ａ シート部燃料流路
１１ 噴射孔
１１ａ 第一の噴射孔
１１ｂ 第二の噴射孔
１２ キャップ部品
１３ キャップ部品隙間
１４ 弁体のストローク量
１５ キャップ部品内側底面
１６ 圧電素子
１７ 接合箇所
１８ 加締め部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Valve seat 2 Valve body 3 Nozzle 4 Spring 5 Metal sealing member 6 Drive element 7 Damper 8 Fuel supply port 9 Voltage input terminal 10 Seat part 10a Seat part fuel flow path 11 Injection hole 11a First injection hole 11b Second Injection hole 12 Cap part 13 Cap part gap 14 Stroke amount 15 of valve body Inner bottom face 16 of the cap part Piezoelectric element 17 Joining part 18 Clamping part

Claims (6)

軸方向に移動する弁体と、
前記弁体が上流側に移動した場合に着座する弁座と、
前記弁体が前記弁座から下流側に移動した場合に前記弁座の下流側で、かつ、前記弁体の外周側に形成される燃料通路と、
前記燃料通路の下流側に形成される噴射孔と、を備えたことを特徴とする流量制御弁。 A valve body that moves in the axial direction;
A valve seat to be seated when the valve body moves upstream;
A fuel passage formed on the downstream side of the valve seat and on the outer peripheral side of the valve body when the valve body moves downstream from the valve seat;
A flow rate control valve comprising: an injection hole formed on a downstream side of the fuel passage. ノズル先端部に形成される座部と、前記弁座から離れることによって燃料通路を形成する弁体と、前記ノズル先端部の下流側に形成される複数の噴射孔と、を備え、
１回の噴射において前記弁体の開弁時間と前記弁体の閉弁時間の和が0.5m以下に設定されたことを特徴とする流量制御弁。 A seat portion formed at the nozzle tip portion, a valve body that forms a fuel passage by separating from the valve seat, and a plurality of injection holes formed on the downstream side of the nozzle tip portion,
A flow rate control valve characterized in that the sum of the valve opening time and the valve closing time of the valve body in one injection is set to 0.5 m or less. 請求項２に記載の流量制御弁において、
前記弁体は前記ノズル先端部より下流側に突出するように構成され、
閉弁時に前記ノズル先端部に形成された前記座部と当接し、
開弁時に前記弁体が下流側に変位し、前記座部より離れた場合に燃料流路が形成され、
前記ノズル先端部に前記複数の噴射孔が形成されるキャップ状部品が取り付けられることを特徴とする流量制御弁。 The flow control valve according to claim 2,
The valve body is configured to protrude downstream from the nozzle tip,
Abuts the seat formed at the nozzle tip when the valve is closed;
When the valve body is displaced downstream when the valve is opened, a fuel flow path is formed when the valve body is separated from the seat,
A flow rate control valve characterized in that a cap-like component in which the plurality of injection holes are formed is attached to the nozzle tip. 請求項２又は３の流量制御弁において、
前記ノズル先端部に前記複数の噴射孔が形成されるキャップ状部品が取り付けられ、
前記キャップ状部品の内径側先端部と開弁時の弁体先端部との間に隙間が形成されることを特徴とする流量制御弁。 The flow control valve according to claim 2 or 3,
A cap-shaped part in which the plurality of injection holes are formed at the nozzle tip is attached,
A flow rate control valve characterized in that a gap is formed between an inner diameter side front end portion of the cap-shaped part and a valve body front end portion when the valve is opened. 請求項１から４の何れかに流量制御弁において、
前記弁体を駆動する圧電素子を有していることを特徴とする流量制御弁。 In the flow control valve according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A flow rate control valve having a piezoelectric element for driving the valve body. 請求項３又は４に流量制御弁において、
前記ノズル先端部に前記キャップ状部品を溶接、接着、ねじ止め、または加締めにより結合することを特徴とする流量制御弁。 In the flow control valve according to claim 3 or 4,
The flow rate control valve, wherein the cap-shaped component is coupled to the nozzle tip by welding, bonding, screwing, or caulking.
JP2015140953A 2015-07-15 2015-07-15 Flow control valve Pending JP2017020470A (en)

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WO2004090323A1 (en) * 2003-04-09 2004-10-21 Siemens Vdo Automotive S. P. A. Spray pattern element and fuel injection valve with a spray pattern element
JP2010096156A (en) * 2008-10-20 2010-04-30 Honda Motor Co Ltd Fuel injection device
JP2014227934A (en) * 2013-05-23 2014-12-08 三菱電機株式会社 Fuel injection valve
JP2015102004A (en) * 2013-11-25 2015-06-04 マツダ株式会社 Control device of direct-injection gasoline engine

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002533613A (en) * 1998-12-29 2002-10-08 ローベルト ボツシユ ゲゼルシヤフト ミツト ベシユレンクテル ハフツング Fuel injection device for internal combustion engine
JP2002161831A (en) * 2000-11-27 2002-06-07 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Fuel injection valve and fuel injection device of spark ignition type direct injection internal combustion engine
WO2004090323A1 (en) * 2003-04-09 2004-10-21 Siemens Vdo Automotive S. P. A. Spray pattern element and fuel injection valve with a spray pattern element
JP2010096156A (en) * 2008-10-20 2010-04-30 Honda Motor Co Ltd Fuel injection device
JP2014227934A (en) * 2013-05-23 2014-12-08 三菱電機株式会社 Fuel injection valve
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