JP2017014749A - Sliding mechanism of bridge seismic resistance device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sliding mechanism of a bridge seismic resistance device, the mechanism that can respond to various installation variations in a limited space between a pier and an upper structure by making a compact configuration, and can reliably restrict the movement in the particular direction of the movable bearing even to the earthquake ground motion from any kind of directions.SOLUTION: A sliding mechanism of a bridge seismic resistance device 3 is provided for restricting an operation of a movable bearing in a bridge for supporting a bridge girder 6 through a movable bearing disposed to a pier 1. The bridge seismic resistance device includes a damper 4 stretching in the uniaxial direction, a connecting member 31 for connecting multiple dampers in series, a piece member 32 provided in the connecting member, and a guide rail 33 for slidably holding the piece member. Both ends of the multiple dampers connected in series are fixed in the pier or the bridge girder, and the guide rail is fixed in the right angle direction to the stretching uniaxial direction of the damper in the bridge girder or the pier.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a slide mechanism of a bridge earthquake-proof device provided between a bridge pier and a superstructure.

  Conventionally, in a bridge that supports a bridge girder via a movable support installed on a bridge pier, when an earthquake motion more than expected occurs, it absorbs the energy of the earthquake motion and generates a damping force, and a movable bearing exceeding the allowable amount. A seismic bridge is used to limit the movement of the bridge.

  As such a bridge seismic device, for example, a seismic isolation bearing is provided between the bridge pier of the lower structure of the bridge and the main girder of the upper structure, and a damper that operates in a uniaxial direction is proposed. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1). In this proposal, a bracket is provided at the center portion of the pier, and one end of the damper is fixed to the bracket, and the other end is fixed to the main girder.

  Further, the connection between the bracket and the damper and the connection between the main beam and the damper are connected by a clevis so as to be movable with respect to the vertical displacement. In a bridge seismic device with such a structure, the damper performs expansion and contraction in one axis direction, so the damper acts mainly on the movement of the base isolation bearing in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis, limiting the displacement of the base isolation bearing. .

  On the other hand, in recent years, the movable bearings arranged between the bridge piers and the superstructure can be installed in as small a space as possible so that the movement of the movable bearings can be surely restricted even for large earthquake motions. Bridge seismic devices that operate reliably in a specific direction are desired.

JP 2002-180418 A

  However, in the bridge earthquake-resistant mechanism of Patent Document 1, the installation space is limited between the main girders because the dampers are attached to the bracket and the side surfaces of the main girders sandwiching the two main girders. For this reason, a damper is installed on one side of the main girder, and clevises need to be provided at both ends, which occupies a limited space between the pier and the superstructure. It was.

  In addition, when there is movement of the movable bearing in the bridge axis direction due to earthquake motion, there is a problem that the expansion and contraction function of the damper is distributed in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis and the bridge axis direction, and the ability as a bridge earthquake-resistant mechanism cannot be demonstrated. .

  The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances as described above. By adopting a compact configuration, the present invention can cope with various installation variations in a limited space between the pier and the upper structure, and in any direction. It is an object of the present invention to provide a slide mechanism for a bridge seismic device capable of reliably restricting the movement of a movable bearing in a specific direction even with respect to seismic motion.

  The slide mechanism of the bridge earthquake-resistant device of the present invention has been made in order to solve the above technical problem, and is characterized by the following.

  First, in a bridge that supports a bridge girder via a movable support provided on a bridge pier, a slide mechanism of a bridge earthquake-resistant device for restricting the operation of the movable support, the bridge earthquake-resistant device is uniaxially A plurality of dampers that extend and contract, a connection member for connecting the plurality of dampers in series, a piece member provided on the connection member, and a guide rail that slidably holds the piece member, Both ends of the dampers connected in series are fixed to a bridge pier or a bridge girder, and the guide rail is fixed to the bridge girder or the bridge pier in a direction perpendicular to the uniaxial direction in which the damper expands and contracts.

  Second, in a bridge that supports a bridge girder via a movable support provided on a bridge pier, the bridge earthquake-resistant device is a slide mechanism for restricting the operation of the movable support, and the bridge earthquake-resistant device has a long length. A rod, a damper that is press-fitted into the rod, a damper that is movable with frictional resistance in the longitudinal direction of the rod, a piece member provided on the die, and sliding the piece member A guide rail that can be held, and both ends of the rod are fixed to a bridge pier or a bridge girder, and the guide rail is fixed to the bridge girder or the bridge pier in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the front rod. To do.

  Third, in the first or second invention, the damper is preferably a friction damper.

  Fourth, in any one of the first to third inventions, it is preferable that both ends of the damper are fixed to a bridge pier or a bridge girder via a bracket.

  Fifth, in any one of the first to fourth inventions, it is preferable that the guide rail is provided in parallel to the bridge axis.

  According to the present invention, by adopting a compact configuration, it is possible to cope with various installation variations with respect to the limited space between the pier and the superstructure, and the movable bearing can be adapted to earthquake motion from any direction. It is possible to provide a slide mechanism for a bridge seismic device that can reliably restrict movement in a specific direction.

It is a schematic front view of one Embodiment of the slide mechanism of the bridge seismic apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is the partial perspective schematic diagram which looked at the pier which installed the slide mechanism of the bridge seismic device concerning the present invention from the top. (A) is the schematic which shows a damper, (b) is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view in case an inner cylinder restrains the front-and-rear part of a die | dye, and there is no shock absorbing material, (c) is the front-and-rear part of a die | dye. It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view at the time of providing a buffer material between inner cylinders. (A) is the schematic of the isolate | separated bracket which fixes a right and left damper separately, (b) is the schematic of the bracket which integrated the fixing part of the left and right damper. It is the schematic which shows the cross-sectional shape of the piece member which looked at the slide mechanism of the bridge seismic apparatus from the top, (a) is a rectangle, (b) is a square, (c) shows circular embodiment. It is a schematic front view which shows the slide mechanism of the bridge earthquake proofing apparatus of other embodiment using the damper which consists of a rod and dice. It is the schematic which shows the structure of a rubber bearing. It is the schematic for demonstrating the state of decomposition | disassembly of a force when force is added to a bridge girder from 3 directions.

  The slide mechanism of the bridge seismic device of the present invention is a slide mechanism of the bridge seismic device for restricting the operation of the movable support in the bridge that supports the bridge girder via the movable support disposed on the pier.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a slide mechanism of a bridge earthquake-proof device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic front view showing a slide mechanism of a bridge seismic device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a partial perspective schematic view of the bridge pier in which the slide mechanism of the bridge seismic device according to the present invention is installed as viewed from above. is there.

  The bridge seismic device 3 of the present embodiment is a slide mechanism of the bridge seismic device 3 for limiting the operation of the movable support 2 in a bridge that supports the bridge girder via the movable support 2 disposed on the pier 1. A damper 4 that expands and contracts in a uniaxial direction, a connecting member 31 for connecting a plurality of dampers 4 in series, a piece member 32 provided on the connecting member 31, and a guide rail that slidably holds the piece member 32 33 is provided.

  The damper 4 can be used without particular limitation as long as it is a damper 4 acting as a resistance force in the direction opposite to the moving direction, and examples thereof include a friction damper and a damper other than the friction damper.

  The friction damper has a damping mechanism utilizing the fact that the friction force acts as a resistance force opposite to the moving direction, more specifically, the outer surface of the column body and the inner surface of the cylinder slide, It is desirable to use a mechanism that has a mechanism that is displaced in the axial direction while maintaining a constant friction load, and that converts vibration energy into heat energy and absorbs it by friction between the outer surface of the column and the inner surface of the cylinder.

  Further, the columnar body and the cylindrical body may have a circular shape or a rectangular shape, but a circular shape is particularly desirable from the viewpoint of strength and the like. As one embodiment of the material of the constituent elements of the friction damper, there may be mentioned one in which the column body is a copper alloy and the cylinder body is an alloy tool steel. In order to obtain a more stable friction load, it is desirable that a coating lubricant is applied to the friction surfaces of the column and the cylinder. Further, as another embodiment, in order to obtain a more stable frictional force between the column body and the cylindrical body made of carbon steel pipe and the column body and the cylindrical body, a polytetrafluoroethylene-based friction material is provided on the inner surface of the cylindrical body. What is covered is mentioned.

  Such a friction damper composed of a column and a cylinder has a relatively simple structure, so it is economical, has high durability against repetition, does not need to consider fatigue life, and is an energy absorbing device. As well as high reliability and excellent maintainability.

  Examples of the damper other than the friction damper include a steel damper, a viscous damper, a viscoelastic damper, and a rubber damper. Examples of the steel damper include an axial yield type damper, a bending yield type damper, and a shear yield type damper.

  For the pier 1 and the number of installation bases where friction dampers or dampers other than friction dampers are installed, the effective resistance necessary to absorb the energy of earthquake motion in the bridge design is calculated, and the installation space, strength of each part of the bridge, etc. A desired position and radix can be appropriately set and installed according to the design.

  FIG. 3A shows a schematic diagram of the damper 4. FIG. 3B is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the damper 4 in FIG. 3A, and shows a case where the front and rear portions of the die 42 are constrained by the inner cylinder. In this configuration, the rod 41 of the columnar body and the cylindrical die 42 constrained by the inner cylinder 43 are fitted, and the friction of sliding between the outer surface of the rod 41 and the inner surface of the cylindrical body of the die 42 is It converts energy such as earthquake motion into thermal energy and absorbs energy.

  FIG. 3C is a longitudinal sectional view of another embodiment of the damper 4 of FIG. 3A, and a cushioning material 45 is provided between the front and rear portions of the die 42 and the inner cylinder 43, and the front and rear portions of the die 42. The structure which the inner cylinder 43 does not restrain is shown. In this configuration, the cushioning material 45 is provided between the front and rear portions of the die 42 and the inner cylinder 43, so that the inner cylinder 43 is stretched (played) by the cushioning material 45 with respect to the movement in the axial direction. It is desirable to use a spring as the buffer material.

  In the present embodiment, the two dampers 4 are connected and used by connecting members 31 that can be connected in series and in a straight line. The coupling is fitted into coupling holes provided on the left and right of the connection member 31 so that the outer cylinders of the two dampers 4 face each other, and are firmly fixed. This fixing may be performed by providing a clevis at the end of the damper 4 and fixing the clevis to the connecting member.

  The material of the connection member 31 is not particularly limited as long as it does not easily collapse with respect to the force applied by the expansion and contraction and sliding of the damper 4, but steel, concrete, resin, and the like can be usually mentioned.

  Further, both end portions of the two dampers 4 are fixed to the bracket 5 in order to fix to the pier 1. As shown in FIG. 4 (a), the bracket 5 is a type separated so as to fix the left and right dampers 4 separately, or as shown in FIG. 4 (b) so that the left and right dampers 4 are fixed together. An integrated type is considered. In consideration of workability, etc., if the size and weight of the bracket 5 to be installed are large, it may be fixed separately. If the size and weight of the bracket 5 are not large and can be handled easily, they are fixed together. Also good.

  Further, a piece member 32 is provided on the upper portion of the connecting member, and a guide rail 33 that holds the piece member 32 slidably is fixed to the upper structure of the bridge.

  More specifically, the frame member 32 having a rectangular front cross section is slid onto the groove portion 34 formed on the guide rail 33 having a reverse concave shape with a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. It is held freely so that it does not come off easily.

  The guide rail 33 is fixed to the bridge girder in a direction perpendicular to the uniaxial direction in which the damper 4 extends and contracts. That is, the bridge earthquake-resistant device 3 slides in the direction perpendicular to the guide rail 33 with respect to the uniaxial direction in which the damper 4 expands and contracts.

  Note that the cross-sectional shape of the piece member 32 as viewed from above is not particularly limited as long as it is a size and shape held by the guide rail 33. For example, a rectangular shape as shown in FIG. It can be a square shown in b) or a circle shown in FIG.

  Among these, the circular piece shown in FIG. 5C, that is, the columnar piece member 32 is preferable. By using the columnar piece member 32 in this way, as shown in FIG. 5C, the bridge girder swings left and right with respect to the original bridge axis direction, and the guide rail 33 fixed to the bridge girder 6 moves in the direction of the arrow. Even when swinging left and right, the piece member 32 rotates in the guide rail 33 and can be smoothly slid without stress.

  Moreover, in the slide mechanism of the bridge earthquake-resistant device 3 of the present invention, in addition to the above embodiment, as another embodiment, a long rod as shown in FIG. It is possible to use a damper 7 made of only a die that can move with frictional resistance in the longitudinal direction. The damper 7 is a friction damper having a friction resistance due to the fitting of the die 9 having a through hole to the rod 8, that is, the contact pressure between the surface of the rod 8 and the inner surface of the through hole of the die 9.

  Further, a piece member 71 is provided on the upper portion of the die 9 of the damper 7, and a guide rail 33 that slidably holds the piece member 71 is fixed to the upper structure of the bridge. In addition, about the structure of the piece member 71 and the guide rail 33 in the slide mechanism of the bridge earthquake-resistant apparatus 3 of other embodiment, it is the same as that of the said embodiment.

  The damper 7 is fixed in the slide mechanism of the bridge earthquake-resistant device 3 according to another embodiment by fixing both ends of one rod 8 to the pier 1. The both ends of the rod 8 can be fixed to the bridge pier 1 via the bracket 5, and the damper 7 can be attached to the bracket 5 in the same manner as the slide mechanism of the bridge earthquake-resistant device 3 of the above embodiment.

  The slide mechanism of the bridge earthquake-resistant device of the present invention can be installed at any location between the bridge pier 1 and the upper structure of the bridge as long as the movable bearing 2 is installed on the bridge. This is because the slide mechanism of the bridge earthquake-proof device of the present invention is not directly fixed to the movable support 2 but can be installed independently in the space between the bridge pier 1 and the bridge girder 6 and can limit the movement range of the movable support 2. It is because it has.

  In addition, the sliding direction of the bridge earthquake-resistant device 3 is usually installed in a direction that slides in the direction of the bridge axis, that is, parallel to the bridge girder 6 in order to limit the movement of the movable support 2 in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and can be installed to slide at any angle between the bridge axis direction and the bridge axis perpendicular direction.

  The slide mechanism of the bridge earthquake-resistant device of the present invention can cope with various installation variations with respect to the limited space between the pier 1 and the upper structure such as the bridge girder 6 by adopting a compact configuration as described above. it can.

  Note that the movable bearing 2 to which the slide mechanism of the bridge earthquake-resistant device 3 of the present invention can be applied may be a bearing in which the upper portion of the movable bearing 2 moves, and both those having and not having a seismic isolation function are applicable. . As such a thing, a rubber bearing, a rolling bearing, a sliding bearing etc. can be mentioned, for example. Among these, application to rubber bearings is preferable. Examples of the rubber bearing include a rubber bearing using a natural rubber-based laminated rubber having a stable spring performance, a high-damping laminated rubber having a damping function, a laminated rubber containing a lead plug, and the like.

  FIG. 7 shows a schematic structure of the rubber bearing. The rubber bearing 2 is normally installed on the base plate 20 fixed on the pier 1 with anchor bolts 26 in the order of the lower rod 21, the laminated rubber member 22, and the upper rod 23. Further, a shear key 24 is provided between the upper collar 23 and the laminated rubber member 22 and between the lower collar 21 and the laminated rubber member 22 to partially restrict the movement in the horizontal direction. And the upper structure of a bridge is installed on the upper collar 23 via a flange, a web, or the like. With such a structure, when a force is applied in the horizontal direction with respect to the upper part of the bridge due to a seismic motion or the like, the seismic motion can be attenuated by the elasticity of the rubber bearing 2.

  Hereinafter, the operation of the slide mechanism of the bridge earthquake-resistant device of the present invention will be described. FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a state in which the slide mechanism of the bridge seismic device is installed so that the damper 4 operates in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis and slides in the bridge axis direction.

  In this embodiment, for example, when earthquake motion is applied in the direction of arrow A, the damper 4 operates to limit the movement of the movable support 2 in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis. In addition, when the expansion and contraction of the bridge girder due to seismic motion and temperature is applied in the direction of arrow B, the damper 4 does not operate and the bridge seismic device 3 slides in the direction of the bridge axis.

  When earthquake motion is applied in the direction of arrow C, the force in direction C is decomposed in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis (arrow A direction) and in the direction of the bridge axis (arrow B direction). The damper 4 operates with respect to the force, and the bridge earthquake-resistant device 3 slides with respect to the force in the direction of the bridge axis (in the direction of arrow B).

  As can be seen from the operation of these bridge seismic devices 3, even if earthquake motion is applied to the bridge from any direction, the force is resolved, and the force in the direction of the bridge axis is canceled by the sliding of the bridge seismic device 3. The The force applied in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis can be absorbed efficiently and reliably only in the uniaxial direction in which the damper 4 extends and contracts.

  As mentioned above, although the slide mechanism of the bridge earthquake proof device 3 of this invention was demonstrated based on embodiment, the slide mechanism of the bridge earthquake proof device of this invention is not limited to said embodiment, The range which does not deviate from the summary Various modifications can be made within.

  For example, in the above embodiment, the guide rail 33 is fixed to the main leg of the superstructure, and the bracket 5 is fixed to the pier 1. However, the guide rail 33 is fixed to the pier 1 upside down. The bracket 5 may be fixed to the 6.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the piece members 32 and 71 were provided in the fixing member 31 or the dice 9 of the slide mechanism of the bridge earthquake-resistant device 3, while fixing the fixing member 31 or the dice 9 to the bridge girder 6, and the lower part of the bracket 5 It is also possible to fix the piece member 32 to the bridge pier 1 and fix the guide rail 33 that slidably supports the piece member 32 to the pier 1.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Bridge pier 2 Movable bearing 3 Bridge earthquake proof device 31 Connection member 32 Piece member 33 Guide rail 34 Groove part 4 Damper 5 Bracket 6 Bridge girder 7 Damper 8 Rod 9 Die

Claims (5)

In a bridge that supports a bridge girder via a movable support arranged on a bridge pier, a slide mechanism of a bridge seismic device for limiting the operation of the movable support,
The bridge seismic device has a damper that expands and contracts in a uniaxial direction;
A connecting member for connecting a plurality of the dampers in series;
A piece member provided on the connection member;
A guide rail for slidably holding the piece member;
Both ends of the plurality of dampers connected in series are fixed to a bridge pier or a bridge girder, and the guide rail is fixed to the bridge girder or the bridge pier in a direction perpendicular to the uniaxial direction in which the damper expands and contracts. A slide mechanism for bridge seismic devices. In a bridge that supports a bridge girder via a movable support arranged on a bridge pier, a slide mechanism of a bridge seismic device for limiting the operation of the movable support,
The bridge seismic device is a long rod, a damper made of a die that is press-fitted into the rod and is movable with frictional resistance in the longitudinal direction of the rod,
A piece member provided on the die,
A guide rail for slidably holding the piece member;
A slide mechanism for a bridge earthquake-resistant device, wherein both ends of the rod are fixed to a bridge pier or a bridge girder, and the guide rail is fixed to the bridge girder or the bridge pier in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the front rod.   The slide mechanism of a bridge earthquake-proof device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the damper is a friction damper.   The slide mechanism of a bridge earthquake-proof device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein both ends of the damper are fixed to a bridge pier or a bridge girder via a bracket. The slide mechanism for a bridge earthquake-proof device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the guide rail is provided in parallel to the bridge axis.

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