JP2017004449A - Start-stop schedule creation device and start-stop schedule optimization system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To optimize a start-stop schedule because an extra load is imposed on a plant apparatus operated by a start-stop schedule that is not optimized.SOLUTION: A start-stop schedule creation unit 2 adds a weight on the basis of requirement to the path of operation items of a plurality of operated plant apparatuses and virtual operation items among the paths of plant apparatus operation items determined by logic and virtual operation items, and finds a critical path. Then, the creation unit calculates, for plant apparatus operation items and virtual operation items of a path different from the critical path, a timing at which to start and stop plant apparatus operation items and virtual operation items tracing back from the trailing end of the critical path, and creates a plant apparatus start-stop schedule in which the start-stop timing is optimized on the basis of requirement.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a start / stop schedule creation device and a start / stop schedule optimization system for optimizing a start / stop schedule of a power plant, for example.

  Conventionally, there is a technique for scheduling start and stop times of plant equipment constituting a power plant such as a thermal power plant and a nuclear power plant. The start / stop schedule (for example, start / stop operation order and start / stop timing) of the plant equipment is created based on, for example, the plant operation plan and the plant specification. Furthermore, based on this startup / shutdown schedule, a practical startup / shutdown schedule is created that takes into account state changes in the plant equipment such as the actual time and conditions required for the temperature rise of the plant equipment, etc., which are not specified in the operation plan. It was.

  For example, Patent Document 1 is known as a technique for creating a start / stop schedule for plant equipment. In this Patent Document 1, it is possible to reduce the start-up time, the fuel consumption and the energy loss at start-up, etc., with the operation limit value of the equipment and the environmental regulation value such as the discharge amount of environmental pollutants as constraints. A technique for obtaining an activation schedule is disclosed.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-76658

  However, in the past, various conditions such as the aging deterioration of plant equipment, fuel type, fuel price, weather conditions, power demand status, and the amount of power in the power plant that can be used for starting and stopping are comprehensively evaluated. Reflecting the schedule was difficult in terms of time and cost. For this reason, the conventional start / stop schedule is not optimal.

  In addition, the conventional start / stop schedule may cause unnecessary time consumption, fuel consumption, and start / stop that imposes more burden on the plant equipment than expected, which may shorten the life of the plant equipment. is there. In order to reduce the load on the plant equipment, an operation such as a gradual increase in the temperature of the plant equipment (for example, a boiler) is desirable, and there is still room for improvement in the optimum operation in the start / stop schedule.

  In addition, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, even if a startup schedule is created by using an evaluation index without exceeding both the operation limit value and the environmental regulation value of the plant equipment or either one, this The schedule does not consider the relationship with other plant equipment. For this reason, the start / stop schedule of a plurality of plant devices has not been sufficiently optimized.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and an object thereof is to optimize a start / stop schedule of a plurality of plant devices.

  The start / stop schedule creation unit according to one aspect of the present invention uses a plant equipment operation item completion condition for operating a plant equipment constituting an industrial plant as a start condition for another plant equipment operation item. The operation items of the plant equipment determined by the logic created to start and stop the plant equipment based on the constraints of In addition, a critical path is obtained by weighting the route of the virtual operation item based on the request. Then, for the operation items of the plant equipment and the virtual operation items on a route different from the critical path, the start and stop timings of the operation items of the plant equipment and the virtual operation items are calculated retroactively from the end of the critical path. Create a start / stop schedule for plant equipment optimized based on this.

According to the present invention, by optimizing the start / stop schedule in a plurality of plant devices based on the request, the burden on the plant devices can be reduced.
Problems, configurations, and effects other than those described above will be clarified by the following description of embodiments.

It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the start / stop schedule optimization system which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the hardware structural example of the computer which concerns on the example of 1 embodiment of this invention. It is a sequence diagram which shows the example of the process which the start / stop schedule optimization system which concerns on the example of 1 embodiment of this invention produces a start / stop schedule offline. It is a flowchart which shows the example of the process which the start / stop schedule preparation apparatus which concerns on one embodiment of this invention corrects a start / stop schedule online. It is a table | surface which shows the example of the starting condition and completion condition of the operation item of a plant apparatus and virtual operation item which concern on one embodiment of this invention. It is a directed graph which shows the relationship of the 1st-3rd plant apparatus which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which added the 1st and 2nd virtual operation item to the directed graph of FIG. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram in which a critical path is added to the directed graph of FIG. 7. It is explanatory drawing which shows the example of a display of the start / stop schedule which concerns on the example of 1 embodiment of this invention.

  Embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described below. In the present specification and drawings, components having substantially the same function or configuration are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

<Start / stop schedule optimization system>
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a start / stop schedule optimization system.

  The startup / shutdown schedule optimization system 1 according to the present embodiment is a burden on the plant equipment in accordance with an index important for each plant according to the situation of the plant equipment, operating conditions, environmental conditions, etc. Deriving the start / stop schedule of plant equipment that minimizes This index includes, for example, start-up time, stop time, and fuel cost of plant equipment. The start / stop schedule optimization system 1 is used, for example, in a factory that creates a start / stop logic d2 for starting and stopping plant equipment and a power plant that creates a start / stop schedule d12 for plant equipment.

First, a process in which the start / stop logic creation device 2 provided in the factory creates the start / stop logic d2 will be described.
The factory shown in FIG. 1 develops plant equipment and the like constituting a power plant (an example of an industrial plant). The start / stop logic creation device 2 sets the start / stop logic d2 based on the constraint condition of the plant equipment that uses the completion condition of the operation item of the plant equipment for operating the plant equipment as the start condition of the operation item of other plant equipment. create. Constraint conditions include plant equipment start-up conditions, completion conditions, consumption life, fuel consumption, and the like, which are input by a factory developer. The start / stop logic creation device 2 includes a required time generation unit 11, a start / stop logic creation unit 12, plant time-series data d1, and a start / stop logic d2. The plant time series data d1 and the start / stop logic d2 are stored in a factory database (not shown).

  The required time generation unit 11 is used to calculate a predicted lifetime consumption and the like for predicting the lifetime consumption of plant equipment based on the plant time series data d1 received from the power plant and stored in the factory database. Create a predicted calculation formula. The required time generation unit 11 generates a required time for each plant device to start and stop the plant device based on the input constraint condition of the plant device and the above prediction calculation formula. The time is output to the start / stop logic creation unit 12.

  The start / stop logic creation unit 12 is based on the constraint condition and the required time of the plant equipment, and the completion condition of the operation item for the operator to operate the plant is the start condition of the operation item operated next to the operation item. The start / stop logic d2 that satisfies the above is obtained. In addition, the start / stop logic creation unit 12 sets, for the start / stop logic d2, that the operation item of the plant equipment satisfies the completion condition as a start condition, and the completion condition that the change in the state of the plant equipment reaches the specified value. A virtual operation item that does not involve the operation of the plant equipment is added. The start / stop logic d2 is required for the start / stop schedule creation device 3 to create the start / stop schedule d12 at the plant design stage.

Here, the start / stop logic creation unit 12 treats changes in analog values such as temperature rise and pressure rise of the plant equipment not accompanied by operation of the plant equipment as virtual operation items under the following conditions.
-The completion condition of the previous operation item is set as the activation condition of the operation item.
-The start condition of the next operation item is set as the completion condition of the operation item.
The start / stop logic d2 includes a virtual operation item in addition to the operation item of the plant equipment and is stored in the factory database.

Next, a process in which the start / stop schedule creation device 3 provided in the power plant creates the start / stop schedule d12 for the plant equipment will be described.
The start / stop schedule creation device 3 creates a start / stop schedule in which the start / stop timing of the plant equipment is optimized based on the start / stop logic d11. The start / stop schedule creation device 3 includes a start / stop schedule creation unit 21, a display unit 22, an operation unit 23, a correction unit 24, an alert unit 25, a start / stop logic d11, and a start / stop schedule d12. The start / stop logic d11 and the start / stop schedule d12 are stored in a power plant database (not shown).

  The start / stop logic d2 received from the factory by the start / stop schedule creation device 3 is stored in the power plant database as the start / stop logic d11. When the power plant is operated, the operation data of the plant equipment is stored in the power plant database as plant time series data d13. The plant time series data d13 is transmitted to the factory when the test operation of the plant is performed, and is stored in the factory database as the plant time series data d1.

  The start / stop schedule creation unit 21 stores the start / stop schedule d12 of the plant equipment created based on the start / stop logic d11 using an integer planning program capable of executing the integer programming in the database before the operation of the power plant. If the plant is in operation, the start / stop schedule creation unit 21 updates the start / stop schedule d12 in consideration of the current state of the plant (equipment constraints, operating conditions, etc.). Thereby, the start / stop schedule creation unit 21 creates a start / stop schedule d12 that optimizes the start / stop timing of the plant equipment based on the parameters (an example of the request) input by the developer or the operator. The power plant operates by controlling the start / stop timing of the plant equipment based on the start / stop schedule d12.

  The display unit 22 (an example of an output unit) displays a start / stop schedule d12 (see FIG. 9 described later). The operator of the power plant can confirm the operation of the power plant based on the start / stop schedule d12 displayed on the display unit 22. The display unit 22 displays an alert issued by the alert unit 25 during the operation of the power plant, and after the operation of the power plant stops, the lifetime consumption and fuel consumption of the plant equipment for each break point described later. The required time can also be output. The content displayed on the display unit 22 may be printed out.

  The operation unit 23 is used by the operator to select the start / stop schedule d12 displayed on the display unit 22 or to input parameters necessary for optimizing the start / stop schedule d12. Selection of the start / stop schedule d12 created by the start / stop schedule creation unit 21 is performed by an operator such as the predicted life consumption, the fuel consumption, the start time for each plant device, and the time from the start to the parallel to the system side. This is performed based on parameters input through the unit 23. Then, the start and stop of the plant equipment is performed according to the start and stop schedule d12 selected by the operator.

  The correction unit 24 creates correction data d14 for correcting the start / stop logic d11 based on the operation data of the plant equipment acquired from the plant time series data d13 during the operation of the power plant. This correction data d14 is created taking into account various conditions such as the status of aging deterioration of the plant equipment, fuel type, fuel price, weather conditions, power demand status, and the amount of power in the power plant that can be used for starting and stopping. It has been done. And if the correction | amendment part 24 correct | amends the start / stop logic d11 whenever a plant apparatus starts and stops using the correction data d14, the start / stop schedule preparation part 21 will also correct | amend the start / stop schedule d12. As a result, the start / stop timing of the plant equipment can be optimized online.

  The alert unit 25 compares the start / stop schedule d12 with the actual operation state of the plant equipment read from the plant time series data d13 during operation of the plant. The alert unit 25 issues an alert when a difference occurs between the operation state of the plant equipment based on the operation data of the plant equipment and the start / stop schedule. This alert is displayed on the display unit 22. Thus, the operator can know that an abnormality has occurred in the plant equipment.

<Example of computer hardware configuration>
Next, the hardware configuration of the computer constituting the start / stop logic creation device 2 and the start / stop schedule creation device 3 will be described.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a hardware configuration example of the computer C.

  The computer C is hardware used as a so-called computer. The computer C includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) C1, a ROM (Read Only Memory) C2, and a RAM (Random Access Memory) C3 connected to the bus C4. Furthermore, the computer C includes a display unit C5, an operation unit C6, a nonvolatile storage C7, and a network interface C8.

  The CPU C1 reads out the program code of software that implements each function according to the present embodiment from the ROM C2, and executes it. In the RAM C3, variables and the like generated during the arithmetic processing are temporarily written. The display unit C5 is, for example, a liquid crystal display monitor, and displays a result of processing performed by the computer C to a developer or an operator. For example, a keyboard, a mouse, or the like is used for the operation unit C6, and a developer or an operator can perform predetermined operation inputs and instructions. As shown in FIG. 1, in the start / stop schedule creation device 3, the display unit C <b> 5 is represented as the display unit 22, and the operation unit C <b> 6 is represented as the operation unit 23.

  Examples of the non-volatile storage C7 include a hard disk drive (HDD), a solid state drive (SSD), a flexible disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a CD-ROM, a CD-R, a magnetic tape, and a non-volatile memory card. Used. In addition to the OS (Operating System), a program for causing the computer C to function is recorded in the nonvolatile storage C7, and is used as the above-described factory database and power plant database. As the network interface C8, for example, a NIC (Network Interface Card) or the like is used, and various data can be transmitted / received via a LAN (Local Area Network) to which a terminal is connected, a dedicated line, or the like.

<Provision of start / stop schedule>
The startup / shutdown schedule creation device 3 provides the operator with an optimal startup / shutdown schedule d12 for each plant device in accordance with the mechanism shown in the following (1) to (3) according to the situation of the plant device.
(1) Creation of an optimized start / stop schedule based on static constraints entered in advance (offline)
(2) Correction of start / stop schedule based on current dynamic operation data (online)
(3) Provision of operation guidance to operators based on the optimal start / stop schedule

Here, with reference to FIGS. 3 to 8, processing for optimizing the start / stop schedule will be described.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an example of processing in which the start / stop schedule optimization system 1 creates the start / stop schedule offline.

(1) Creation of an optimized start / stop schedule based on static constraints entered in advance (offline)
First, the factory developer inputs the constraint condition of the plant equipment through the operation unit C6 of the start / stop logic creation device 2 (S1). Next, the start / stop logic creation unit 12 obtains a logic in which the completion condition of the operation item satisfies the start condition of the next operation item based on the input constraint condition (S2), and starts and stops this logic. It is stored in the factory database as logic d2 (S3).

  The start / stop logic creation unit 12 takes into account the lifetime consumption of the plant equipment, the fuel consumption, and the required time as the costs at the time of integer planning, and is sent to the start / stop schedule creation device 3 of the power plant. (S4). Upon receiving the start / stop logic d2 (S5), the start / stop schedule creation device 3 stores the received start / stop logic d2 in the power plant database as the start / stop logic d11 (S6).

  Next, the start / stop schedule creation unit 21 creates an optimum start / stop schedule d12 from the start / stop logic d11 based on the parameters input from the operator (S7). Then, the display unit 22 displays the start / stop schedule d12 (S8). In the start / stop schedule d12 displayed on the display unit 22, for example, in addition to the predicted lifetime consumption and fuel consumption for each plant device, the start time for each plant device and a plurality of plant devices are started in parallel. It includes time to complete. The operator sees this screen and can select the priority parameter to optimize the start / stop schedule.

  The calculation processing for optimizing the schedule in this way is large in amount of processing and cannot be processed in real time, so it is executed offline beforehand as shown in FIG. However, if the real-time optimal calculation can be realized by improving the processing performance of the computer C in the future, the mechanism shown in (1) is changed to the following processes (1-1) to (1-3). You may do it online.

  (1-1) The factory developer inputs the constraint conditions of the plant equipment. Startup conditions and completion conditions can be created from planning documents such as driving plans.

  (1-2) The start / stop logic creation unit 12 obtains the start / stop logic d2 in which the completion condition of the operation item satisfies the start condition of the next operation item based on the input constraint condition of the plant equipment by integer programming. At this time, the start / stop logic creation unit 12 considers life consumption, fuel consumption, and required time as costs at the time of integer planning.

  (1-3) The start / stop schedule creating unit 21 creates the start / stop schedule d12 based on the start / stop logic d11 having the same content as the start / stop logic d2 created by the start / stop logic creating unit 12, and the display unit 22 To display. As described above, the operator can select a parameter to be prioritized in order to optimize the start / stop schedule.

(2) Correction of start / stop schedule based on current dynamic operation data (online)
Here, an example in which the start / stop logic is updated based on the operation data of the plant equipment acquired online during the operation of the power plant will be described.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of processing in which the start / stop schedule creation device 3 corrects the start / stop schedule online.

  First, the correction unit 24 acquires operation data of the plant equipment from the plant time series data d13 (S11), and creates correction data d14 based on the operation data (S12). Next, the correction unit 24 starts and stops the logic based on the correction data d14 according to the operator's request (fastest startup priority, life priority, fuel consumption priority) and the current plant state (power plant operation data value). d11 is corrected (S13).

  Next, the start / stop schedule creation unit 21 corrects the start / stop schedule d12 based on the corrected start / stop logic d11 (S14). Then, the display unit 22 displays the corrected start / stop schedule d12 (S15).

  The life consumption, fuel consumption, and required time of each plant device that is the basis of the correction data d14 are updated by the correction unit 24 every time the plant device is started and stopped. However, if the operation data used as the correction data d14 is an extremely different value from that before, the plant equipment that is operated by the corrected start / stop logic d11 may suddenly change. For this reason, the correction unit 24 creates the correction data d14 using the operation data obtained by providing an allowable range for the operation data and cutting the upper limit value and the lower limit value. The start / stop logic d11 corrected by the correction data d14 can prevent the plant equipment from changing suddenly. The correction of the start / stop logic d11 and the start / stop schedule d12 based on the correction data d14 is performed not only during the operation of the power plant but also after the operation.

(3) Providing operation guidance to the operator The display unit 22 displays the operation guidance of the optimal start / stop schedule corrected by the process shown in (2) above to the operator, so that the optimum power plant is optimized. Assist driving. The contents of the operation guidance include the following three types (3-1) to (3-3).

(3-1) Guidance Before Operation The activation / deactivation schedule d12 updated by the activation / deactivation schedule creation unit 21 based on the parameters selected in advance by the operator is displayed on the operation screen of the display unit 22. When the plant equipment is manually operated, the operation operation timing is also displayed on the operation screen.

(3-2) Guidance during operation The alert unit 25 includes the actual start / stop time associated with the automatic operation (when there is automation) or manual operation (when there is no automation) of the power plant, and (3-1) The displayed start / stop schedules are compared, and an alert is issued when a difference occurs in the required time. This alert informs the operator that a problem has occurred in the plant equipment in the case of automated operation, and informs the operator that the optimum operation will be performed in the case of manual operation.

(3-3) Guidance after operation After the start and stop of the plant equipment, the display unit 22 displays life consumption, fuel consumption (and its cost), required time, etc. for each breakpoint. The break point is, for example, a timing for prompting the operator to start the plant device by blinking the operation button when the plant device can be started. The content displayed on the display unit 22 is stored in the power plant database so that it can be used by the operator.

  Note that the power station operators may not be able to obtain planning documents such as driving plans. However, in some cases, past operating data of the power plant can be obtained. In this case, the start / stop schedule creation unit 21 automatically searches for parameters for which the life consumption, the fuel consumption, and the required time are optimum in the past operation for each operation condition. Create a start / stop schedule based on this. After the power plant is actually operated according to the start / stop schedule, the start / stop schedule creating unit 21 creates the start / stop schedule based on the operation data of the power plant. Then, the startup / shutdown schedule creation unit 21 compares the startup / shutdown schedule created last time with the startup / shutdown schedule created this time, selects a startup / shutdown schedule capable of optimal operation of the power plant, and sets it as the startup / shutdown schedule d12. As a result, the power plant can be operated according to the start / stop schedule d12 in which optimum operation is possible.

Next, specific start / stop logic of the plant equipment will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 5 is a list showing an example of start conditions and completion conditions of operation items and virtual operation items of plant equipment.

  FIG. 5 shows the start condition and completion of the first plant equipment, the second plant equipment, the third plant equipment constituting the plant, the first virtual operation item and the second virtual operation item used in FIGS. A list of conditions is shown. Each condition of the first to third plant devices and the first and second virtual operation items is stored in the start / stop logics d2 and d11. 5-8, the 1st-3rd plant apparatus is represented as the 1st-3rd apparatus, and the 1st and 2nd virtual operation item is represented as the 1st virtual and the 2nd virtual.

(1) Input of constraint conditions for plant equipment First, focus on the start conditions for the first plant equipment.
The first plant device is activated when four activation conditions (for example, boiler ignition scheduled time arrival, drum water level of 100 mm or more, MFT reset, and furnace purge completion are all ON) are satisfied. When the first plant device is activated and the operation time of 3 minutes elapses, the completion condition (boiler ignition is ON) is satisfied. Similarly, for the second plant equipment and the third plant equipment, there are start conditions and completion conditions to be satisfied. FIG. 6 shows the operation order and operation time of the first to third plant equipment.

  The plant equipment constraint conditions (startup conditions and completion conditions) are input in advance by a factory developer. At this time, parameters for optimizing the start / stop schedule are also input by the developer of the factory. However, the parameters for optimizing the start / stop schedule are also input by the operator of the power plant. In this embodiment, the operation time and the required time are input as the constraint conditions, but the developer can also input a plurality of arbitrary values such as the life consumption and the fuel consumption.

  For changes in analog values that do not involve plant equipment operations such as temperature rise and pressure rise, the completion condition of the previous operation is the start condition of the operation item, and the start condition of the next operation is the completion condition of the operation item. Treated as a virtual operation item. Also for the virtual operation items, parameters for optimizing the start / stop schedule are input in the same manner as in the first to third plant devices that actually exist.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, past actual values are input as the required times for the first virtual operation item and the second virtual operation item. The past actual value is obtained from the plant time series data d1, and the required time generation unit 11 generates the required time for the first virtual operation item and the second virtual operation item. FIG. 7 shows the operation order and required time of the first virtual operation item and the second virtual operation item. Further, as shown in the lower part of the second virtual operation item column, constraints on the total required time are also input. For example, the constraint condition is that the total time required for the operation of the power plant to start and end is 100 minutes or less.

  Here, from the list shown in FIG. 5, that the first plant device satisfies the activation condition is a trigger for the activation condition (MFT reset is ON) of the second plant device indicated by the arrow (a) in FIG. 5. In addition, the fact that the first plant equipment satisfies the completion condition (boiler ignition) is a trigger for the start condition (boiler ignition is ON) of the second virtual operation item indicated by the arrow (c) in FIG. In addition, the fact that the second plant equipment satisfies the completion condition (boiler ignition and temperature rise start are both ON) indicates that the first virtual operation item start condition (boiler ignition is ON, rising is indicated by the arrow (d) in FIG. The start of warm pressurization is a trigger of ON).

When the first plant equipment satisfies the completion condition (boiler ignition is ON) and the second plant equipment satisfies the completion condition (boiler ignition is ON), the third plant equipment indicated by the arrow (b) in FIG. Triggers the start condition (boiler ignition is ON). Moreover, the main steam temperature at the time of completion of the first plant equipment and the second plant equipment serves as a trigger for the start condition (main steam temperature> 380 ° C.) of the third plant equipment shown by the arrow (e) in FIG. Similarly, satisfying the completion conditions (both main steam temperature> 380 ° C.) of the first virtual operation item and the second virtual operation item means that the start condition (main main condition) of the third plant equipment indicated by the arrow (f) in FIG. Triggers steam temperature> 380 ° C.
Then, when the third plant equipment satisfies the completion condition (main steam stop valve opening is ON, turbine rotation speed> 20 rpm), the operation of the power plant is terminated.

(2) Creation of directed graph Next, the start / stop logic creation unit 12 connects the completion condition of the operation item and the activation condition of the next operation item, develops each operation item as a vertex and each operation item transition as an edge. A directed graph is created with the parameters input by the user as weights. In this embodiment, the operation time of the operation item of the plant equipment and the required time of the virtual operation item are weighted. As the weight, either the lifetime consumption of the plant equipment or the fuel consumption of the plant equipment may be selected.

  FIG. 6 is a directed graph showing the relationship between the first to third plant devices. In FIG. 6, the 1st-3rd plant apparatus is represented as the 1st-3rd apparatus.

  This directed graph shows the operation order of the first to third plant equipment from the start to the end of the operation of the power plant. As shown in FIG. 6, when only the operation items for the actual plant equipment are created, the logic for automation (logic for automatically operating the plant equipment) is obtained by arranging the order of starting and stopping the plant equipment.

  As shown in FIG. 6, even if the third plant equipment is started after 35 minutes, which is the operation time of the second plant equipment (the time from the start to the completion), the main steam temperature of the second plant equipment is actually 380. It takes time to reach ℃. Then, since the operation of the third plant equipment is started early, the usage time of the third plant equipment is lengthened, and an extra load is applied to the third plant equipment, so that the life of the third plant equipment is shortened.

For this reason, the first and second virtual operation items are added.
FIG. 7 is a directed graph in which first and second virtual operation items are added to the first to third plant devices. In FIG. 7, the first and second virtual operation items are represented as first and second virtual items.

If a virtual operation item is also included as shown in FIG. 7, it becomes a logic for schedule calculation including the operation timing.
In this example, when the boiler rises to 380 ° C., the third plant equipment starts its operation, so a second virtual operation item is provided between the first plant equipment and the third plant equipment, and the second plant equipment and the third plant A first virtual operation item is provided between the devices. The activation condition of the first virtual operation item is that both the boiler ignition and the start of temperature increase / decrease are turned on, and the constraint condition obtained from the past results is 60 minutes or more. For this reason, the shortest 60 minutes is set as the time required for the first virtual operation item. As a result, the start timing of the third plant equipment is postponed, and the third plant equipment is started from the time when the main steam temperature sufficiently rises, so the operating time of the third plant equipment is shortened, The load can be reduced.

  The activation condition of the second virtual operation item is that the boiler ignition is turned on, and the constraint condition obtained from the past performance is 40 minutes or more. And it is also provided as a constraint that the total time required from the start to the end of the operation of the power plant is 100 minutes or less. By providing the constraint condition in this way, it is possible to determine the optimum start / stop timing of the plant equipment within the determined time. As described above, the start / stop logic d2 is created by the start / stop logic creation unit 12 in consideration of the time required for the first and second virtual operation items. As described above, the start / stop logic d2 is transmitted to the power plant and stored as the start / stop logic d11.

(3) Calculation of Startup / Shutdown Schedule d12 The startup / shutdown schedule creation unit 21 calculates a startup / shutdown schedule d12 in which the input parameters are optimal for the directed graph created in (2) based on the startup / shutdown logic d11. The start / stop schedule d12 calculated at this time is obtained by creating a spanning tree in which the parameters specified by the operator are optimal (maximum or minimum) after satisfying the constraint conditions from the directed graph of (2). Yes, it can be solved by integer programming. The start / stop schedule d12 according to the present embodiment is created as follows using logic that minimizes the time required for the entire power plant.

(3-1) First, the vertex is traced in the reverse direction from the end point. At this time, when there are a plurality of sides in the direction to enter the vertex, the one having the larger weight is traced first.
(3-2) When there are a plurality of sides extending from the own vertex, the sides other than the one having the largest total weight (that is, required time) of the route from the root to the own vertex are deleted.
(3-3) Thereby, as shown in FIG. 8, it is possible to create a start / stop schedule d12 with the minimum weight (required time) for the path (critical path) having the maximum total weight from the root to the leaf. .

FIG. 8 shows an example of a critical path.
The start / stop schedule creation unit 21 obtains a critical path by weighting the operation items of the plurality of plant devices to be operated and the route of the virtual operation item based on a parameter (an example of a request). The critical path is one of the path of the operation item of the plant equipment and the virtual operation item determined based on the start / stop logic d11 to which the virtual operation item is added. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, it can be seen that the critical path with the maximum weight from the root to the leaf is a path including the second plant device, the first virtual operation item, and the third plant device. . In FIG. 8, the beginning of the critical path is a start item for operating the power plant, and the end of the critical path is the third plant equipment.

  Then, the start / stop schedule creation unit 21 starts the operation items of the plant equipment and the virtual operation items from the end of the critical path for the operation items of the plant equipment and the virtual operation items of the route different from the critical path. Calculate the stop timing. As shown in FIG. 8, the route of the first plant device and the second virtual operation item not included in the critical path is obtained by back calculation from the third plant device. Then, the start / stop schedule creation unit 21 can adjust the required time from the second virtual operation item to the third plant equipment between 40 minutes and 52 minutes that satisfy the constraint condition of the corresponding item and the overall constraint condition. it can. For example, the time required for the second virtual operation item can be 45 minutes.

  Further, the start / stop schedule creation unit 21 can sever the connection of the route from the start of operation to the first plant device in accordance with the optimization of the start / stop timing of the first plant device and the second virtual operation item. . That is, by starting the operation of the first plant device at a start time different from that of the second plant device, the operation time of the first plant device can be minimized and the life of the first plant device can be extended.

FIG. 9 shows a display example of the start / stop schedule d12.
The start / stop schedule d12 is displayed on the display unit 22 in a list form. The start / stop logic includes, in addition to the name of the plant device, an expected start time of the plant device based on the start / stop schedule d12 and an actual time that is an actual value when the plant device actually operates. The operator can determine whether or not the plant equipment is operating normally by looking at the start / stop schedule d12. Further, when the expected activation time and the actual time are different, the alert issued by the alert unit 25 is displayed on the display unit 22.

  In the start / stop schedule optimization system 1 according to the embodiment described above, the start / stop logic d2 (start / stop logic d11) of the plant equipment is created in advance based on the plant operation plan, the plant specifications, and the like. Based on this start / stop logic d11, the start / stop schedule creating unit 21 adds a practical start / stop schedule to which the state change inside the plant equipment such as the actual time and conditions for the temperature rise which is not clearly specified in the operation plan is added. d12 can be created. Here, the start / stop schedule creation unit 21 can solve the start / stop timing of the operation item optimized to satisfy the constraint conditions by integer programming. And by shortening the standby time of the plant equipment set at the time of design, or by gradually changing the state of the plant equipment, it is possible to minimize the lifetime consumption, lifetime consumption, fuel consumption, etc. of the plant equipment. I can expect.

  In addition, in order to shorten the required time, the start / stop schedule creation unit 21 creates the start / stop schedule d12 based on the start / stop logic d11 that can operate in parallel as much as possible if the operation items can be processed in parallel. However, for example, when optimizing fuel consumption, thermal efficiency decreases due to parallel processing, and extra fuel may be consumed compared to sequential processing, so startup and stop based on logic that prioritizes sequential processing The schedule d12 may be created. In this case as well, since it can be considered that a spanning tree with optimal parameters is created, the order of the operation items can be solved by integer programming.

  In addition, the start / stop schedule creation unit 21 presents various conditions such as the status of aging deterioration of the plant equipment, fuel type, fuel price, weather conditions, power demand status, power amount limit in the power plant that can be used for start / stop, and the like. Compared with the operation data, the start / stop schedule d12 can be created. By providing the operator with a start / stop schedule d12 optimized in real time, the start / stop schedule d12 can be improved quickly and at low cost, wasteful time consumption and fuel consumption can be improved, and the plant equipment is more than expected. Can be prevented from starting and stopping. This makes it possible to further optimize the start / stop schedule d12 (start / stop timing) while extending the life of the plant equipment.

  The start / stop logic creation device 2 and the start / stop schedule creation device 3 may be provided only in the factory or only in the power plant. Further, the start / stop logic creation device 2 and the start / stop schedule creation device 3 may be provided on a server or the like so that they can be operated on the Web.

  Further, as an industrial plant, the start / stop schedule optimization system 1 may be applied to various factory facilities (for example, a chemical plant and a water treatment plant) in addition to a power plant.

Further, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various other application examples and modifications can be taken without departing from the gist of the present invention described in the claims.
For example, the above-described embodiments are detailed and specific descriptions of the configuration of the apparatus and the system in order to explain the present invention in an easy-to-understand manner, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described. Absent. In addition, a part of the configuration of an embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of an embodiment. Is also possible. Moreover, it is also possible to add, delete, and replace other configurations for a part of the configuration of each embodiment.
Further, the control lines and information lines indicate what is considered necessary for the explanation, and not all the control lines and information lines on the product are necessarily shown. Actually, it may be considered that almost all the components are connected to each other.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Startup / stop schedule optimization system, 2 ... Startup / stop logic creation apparatus, 3 ... Startup / stop schedule creation apparatus, 11 ... Time required generation part, 12 ... Startup / stop logic creation part, 21 ... Startup / stop schedule creation part, 22 ... Display unit, 23 ... operation unit, 24 ... correction unit, 25 ... alert unit

Claims (6)

The plant created based on the constraint condition of the plant equipment, with the completion condition of the operation item of the plant equipment for operating the plant equipment constituting the industrial plant as the start condition of the operation item of the other plant equipment For the logic for starting and stopping the equipment, the operation condition of the plant equipment satisfies the completion condition, and the completion condition is that the state change of the plant equipment has reached a specified value. Operation of a plurality of plant devices to be operated among the operation item of the plant device determined by the logic to which a virtual operation item not accompanied by operation of the plant device is added, and the path of the virtual operation item The critical path is obtained by weighting the route of the item and the virtual operation item based on the request, and the Start for starting and stopping the operation items of the plant equipment and the virtual operation items retroactively from the end of the critical path for the operation items of the plant equipment and the virtual operation items of a route different from the path A start / stop schedule creation device comprising a start / stop schedule creation unit for calculating a stop timing and creating a start / stop schedule for the plant equipment optimized based on the request. The start / stop schedule creation device according to claim 1, further comprising: a correction unit that corrects the logic every time the plant equipment is started and stopped using correction data created based on operation data of the plant equipment. The system further comprises an alert unit that issues an alert when a difference occurs between the operation state of the plant equipment based on the operation data and the start / stop schedule during operation of the industrial plant. The start / stop schedule creation device described. Further, the start / stop schedule is output, the alert issued by the alert unit during the operation of the industrial plant is output, and the lifetime consumption of the plant equipment for each break point after the operation of the industrial plant is stopped The start / stop schedule creation device according to claim 3, further comprising: an output unit that outputs fuel consumption and required time. The start-up according to claim 4, wherein the weight is one of an operation time of the operation item of the plant equipment and a required time of the virtual operation item, a lifetime consumption of the plant equipment, and a fuel consumption of the plant equipment. Stop schedule creation device. Starting the plant equipment based on the constraint conditions of the plant equipment, using the completion conditions of the operation items of the plant equipment for operating the plant equipment constituting the industrial plant as startup conditions of the operation items of the other plant equipment And a start / stop logic creation device that creates a logic for stopping, and a start / stop schedule creation device that provides a start / stop schedule with optimized start / stop timing for starting and stopping the plant equipment based on the logic, and With
The start / stop logic creation device includes:
For the logic, with the operation of the plant equipment, the start condition is that the operation item of the plant equipment satisfies the completion condition, and the change condition of the plant equipment reaches a specified value. It has a logic creation part that adds no virtual operation items,
The start / stop schedule creation device includes:
Among the operation items of the plant equipment determined by the logic and the route of the virtual operation items, a plurality of operation items of the plant equipment to be operated and a route of the virtual operation items are requested. A critical path is weighted based on the operation item of the plant equipment on a route different from the critical path, and the operation item of the plant equipment retrospectively from the end of the critical path for the virtual operation item, and Calculating the start / stop timing for starting and stopping the virtual operation item, and creating a start / stop schedule creating unit for optimizing the start / stop timing based on the request;
An output stop unit that outputs a start / stop schedule of the plant equipment, and a start / stop schedule optimization system.

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