JP2017002665A - Compaction machine and compaction method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compaction machine and a compaction method that reduce a difference in density between a surface layer and a deep part of a ground.SOLUTION: A compaction machine 10 includes a compaction rolling wheel 200 having a cross-section shape of a Rouleau's triangle, and a rotary driving mechanism 32 that rotatably drives the compaction rolling wheel 200. The compaction rolling wheel 200 is supported rotatably on a sub-frame 33b, with a centroid (a center of gravity) thereof serving as an axis of rotation X3. The sub-frame 33b is made to swing in a vertical direction, by being connected to a main frame 33a through a hinge mechanism 42. When compacting soil near a structure, the compaction machine 10 is brought to a halt while the compaction rolling wheel 200 is rotatably driven by the rotary driving mechanism 32, for compacting a ground at a corner part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a compacting machine and a compacting method for compacting the ground using a rolling wheel.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a method in which a vibrating roller is caused to travel using a crawler, and a roll is vibrated only in a direction perpendicular to a ground on an inclined ground to compact the ground.

JP 2003-034926 A

Conventionally, as a compacting machine used in earthwork, there is a machine equipped with a rolling wheel (flat roll) having a circular cross-sectional shape.
When compacting a bank using a rolling wheel with a circular cross-sectional shape, only the surface layer of the material that has been squeezed out has a high density, and the surface layer that has become dense transmits the rolling pressure to the deep part. In some cases, a density difference may occur between the surface layer and the deep part.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a compacting machine and a compacting method that can reduce the density difference between the surface layer and the deep part of the ground.

Therefore, the compaction machine according to the present invention includes, as one aspect thereof, a rolling wheel having a polygonal cross-sectional shape.
Moreover, the compacting machine which concerns on this invention makes the polygon of the said rouleau into the triangle of rouleau or the pentagon of rouleau as one aspect | mode.
Moreover, the compacting machine which concerns on this invention is provided with the vibration mechanism which vibrates the said rolling wheel as the one aspect | mode.
Moreover, the compaction machine which concerns on this invention is further equipped with the rotational drive mechanism which rotationally drives the said compaction wheel as the one aspect | mode.

On the other hand, the compaction method according to the present invention uses, as one aspect thereof, a compacting machine including a rolling wheel having a polygonal cross-sectional shape and a rotational drive mechanism that rotationally drives the rolling wheel. In the method of compacting the ground, the travel of the compacting machine is stopped, and the ground is compacted by rotating the rolling wheel by the rotational drive mechanism while the travel of the compacting machine is stopped.
Moreover, the compaction method according to the present invention uses, as one aspect thereof, a compacting machine including a rolling wheel whose cross-sectional shape is a polygonal shape having a rouleau and a rotational drive mechanism that rotationally drives the rolling wheel. A method of compacting the ground, wherein the polygon of the rouleau is a triangular shape of the rouleau, the travel of the compacting machine is stopped at a corner near the wall surface, and the rolling pressure is stopped in a state where the travel of the compaction machine is stopped. The wheel is rotationally driven by the rotational drive mechanism to compact the ground at the corner.

According to the above invention, the corners (vertex part) of the rolling wheel whose cross-sectional shape is a Rouleau polygon are divided so that the high-density layer on the surface layer of the compacted ground is divided and the divided part is expanded. Therefore, the rolling force is easily transmitted to the deep part. For this reason, the density difference between the surface layer and the deep part can be reduced, and since the cross-sectional shape of the rolling wheel includes a curved portion, it rolls more smoothly than when the cross-sectional shape is a regular polygon.
In addition, by rotating a rolling wheel having a polygonal cross-sectional shape with a roulau in a stopped state of the compacting machine, it is possible to apply a rolling force in a planar shape, and the height of the ground corresponds to a predetermined density. A construction method of rotating the rolling wheel until the height is reached is possible.

Moreover, when the cross-sectional shape of a rolling wheel is circular, the corner part near a wall surface cannot be compacted. For this reason, when a compacted soil is constructed in the vicinity of the structure, it is necessary to separately compact the ground in the vicinity of the wall surface of the structure with a manual tamper, a small vibration roller, or the like.
On the other hand, a rolling wheel with a triangular cross section can rotate so as to be inscribed in a square, so that the rolling wheel can be rotated while the compaction machine is stopped running. It is possible to compact up to the vicinity of the wall of the structure (corner), simplify the compacting process, and prepare both large compacting machine and small compacting machine There is no need to do.

It is a side view which shows the structure of the compaction machine in embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the rotation locus | trajectory of the triangle of the Rouleau which is the cross-sectional shape of the rolling wheel in embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the effect of the compaction machine in embodiment of this invention, (A) is a figure which shows the rolling in the corner part by the cross-section circular rolling wheel as a proportional, (B) is The figure which shows the rolling characteristics by the corner | angular part of the rolling wheel which makes the triangle of the Rouleau of embodiment cross-sectional shape, (C) is the rolling pressure in the corner part by the rolling wheel which makes the triangle of the Rouleau of embodiment cross-sectional shape. FIG. It is a side view for demonstrating the construction method compacted to the height equivalent to a predetermined density by the rotational drive of the rolling wheel in the driving | running | working stop state of the compaction machine in embodiment of this invention. It is a side view which shows the compaction machine provided with the compaction wheel which makes the pentagonal shape of the roulau in embodiment of this invention a cross-sectional shape.

Hereinafter, embodiments of a compacting machine and a compacting method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a compacting machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The compacting machine 10 shown in FIG. 1 is a self-propelled roller-type compacting machine that can self-travel on the ground 400 and compacts the ground 400 by the rolling wheel 200.

The compacting machine 10 is a machine used for compacting the ground 400 made of soil or crushed stone in earthworks such as dams and embankments and road works, and the front wheel is a compaction wheel (iron wheel) 200, This is a so-called combined type vibration roller in which the rear wheel is constituted by a rubber tire 300 and the front wheel compaction wheel 200 is configured to be vibrated.
The front and rear wheels of the compaction machine 10 are not limited to the above-described configuration. For example, the compaction machine 10 in which the front wheels and the rear wheels are both compaction wheels (iron wheels) 200, or a combination of the steel wheels and tire rollers. The compacting machine 10 can be used, and further, a type without a vibration mechanism for vibrating the rolling wheel 200 can be provided.

The compacting machine 10 is mainly composed of a main body 20 and a vibration compacting device 30 that includes the rolling wheel 200 and is disposed on the front side (advance side) of the main body 20.
The main body 20 of the compacting machine 10 rotatably supports a rubber tire 300 as a rear wheel, and also a steering drive unit, a travel drive mechanism (not shown) that rotationally drives the rubber tire (rear wheel) 300, and further And a control unit (not shown) for controlling the travel drive mechanism and the like.

The travel drive mechanism is a known mechanism including a travel hydraulic motor that rotationally drives the rubber tire 300, an engine (internal combustion engine), a hydraulic pump that is driven by the engine, and the like, and is operated from the hydraulic pump to the travel hydraulic motor. The oil supply is controlled by the control unit.
The control unit 21 includes a travel lever, a display unit, and the like that are not shown in addition to the steering 21a.

Furthermore, the main body 20 of the compacting machine 10 includes an upper plate 25 provided so as to sandwich the rolling wheel 200 disposed in front of the main body 20 with the ground 400. One end of the upper plate 25 is fixed to the front surface of the main body 20, and the other end extends substantially horizontally toward the front.
The vibration compaction device 30 is connected to the pressure wheel 200, a vibration mechanism 31 that vibrates the pressure wheel 200, a rotation drive mechanism 32 that rotationally drives the pressure wheel 200, and the main body 20 so as to rotatably support the pressure wheel 200. The support frame 33 is provided.

The rolling wheel 200 is made of metal and is formed in a hollow shape so that the outer shape of the rolling wheel 200 in a cross section orthogonal to the rotation axis X3 forms a Rouleau triangle.
The Reuleaux triangle is a fixed-width figure formed by connecting arcs whose radius is one side of the regular triangle centered on each vertex of the regular triangle, and has a shape that bulges each side of the regular triangle. None, the shape with the fewest number of sides and vertices in the Rouleau polygon.
The Reuleaux triangle is a figure with a constant width, so that it can roll with a constant height, and as shown in FIG. 2, it can be rotated while inscribed in a square.

The vibration mechanism 31 is installed in a hollow portion of the roller wheel 200, and is fixed to the vibration shaft 31a and the vibration shaft 31a that are rotatably supported in the roller wheel 200 in parallel with the rotation axis X3 of the roller wheel 200. Including an eccentric weight 31b, a vibration hydraulic motor (not shown) for rotationally driving the excitation shaft 31a, and the like.
When the vibration generating shaft 31a is rotationally driven by a vibration hydraulic motor and the eccentric weight 31b rotates integrally with the vibration generating shaft 31a, the rolling wheel 200 is vibrated by centrifugal force.
In addition, the vibration mechanism 31 can include a plurality of combinations of the excitation shaft 31a and the eccentric weight 31b.

The rotation drive mechanism 32 includes a rotation drive hydraulic motor 32a.
The hydraulic oil for vibration and the hydraulic motor 32a for rotational driving that rotationally drive the excitation shaft 31a are supplied with hydraulic oil from a hydraulic pump provided in the main body 20.

The support frame 33 is composed of a main frame 33a whose one end is connected to the main body 20, and a pair of sub frames 33b and 33b which are connected to the other end of the main frame 33a and support the rolling wheel 200 from the left and right directions. Composed.
One end (base end) of the main frame 33a is connected to the front surface of the main body 20 via a hinge mechanism 41 that can rotate about a rotation axis X1 extending in the vertical direction. The base ends of the sub-frames 33b and 33b are connected to the other end (tip) of the main frame 33a via a hinge mechanism 42 that can be rotated about a rotation axis X2 extending in the horizontal direction.

That is, the sub frames 33b and 33b and the rolling wheel 200 are configured to be swingable in the horizontal direction with respect to the main body 20 by the hinge mechanism 41 and configured to be swingable in the vertical direction with respect to the main body 20 by the hinge mechanism 42. Is done.
The rolling wheel 200 whose cross-sectional shape is a Rouleau triangle is rotatably supported by the subframes 33b and 33b with the centroid (center of gravity) of the Rouleau triangle as the rotation axis X3.

When the rolling wheel 200 having a triangular cross-sectional shape rolls on the ground 400, the height of the center of gravity of the rolling wheel 200 is not constant but moves up and down. Further, the compacting machine 10 is configured so that the distance between the ground 400 and the upper plate 25 substantially coincides with the width of the rolling wheel 200 so as to prevent the rolling wheel 200 from lifting from the ground 400. .
For this reason, when the center of gravity of the Rouleau triangle is the rotation axis X3, the vertical movement of the gravity center position according to the rolling generates a force to move the subframes 33b and 33b up and down. , 33b swings in the vertical direction about the rotation axis X2, and allows the rotation axis X3 to move up and down.

In other words, the sub-frames 33b and 33b are configured to be swingable in the vertical direction, so that the rolling wheel 200 having the center of gravity of the Rouleau triangle as the rotation axis X3 can be compressed by moving the rotation axis X3 up and down. The wheel 200 and the ground 400 are configured to be able to roll while maintaining a contact state.
Then, the rolling wheel 200 rolls on the ground 400 while vibrating, so that a compaction force acts on the ground 400 and the ground 400 is compacted.

As described above, the rolling wheel 200 is formed so that its cross section forms a Rouleau triangle. Therefore, when the rolling wheel 200 rolls on the ground 400, the rolling force and the Rouleaux by the corners of the Rouleau triangle are rolled. The rolling by the circular arc part of the triangle is alternately performed.
As shown in FIG. 3 (B), the rolling force acts so as to sever the surface layer 400a of the ground 400 having a high density and to spread the part of the severing as shown in FIG. Thus, the rolling force is easily transmitted to the deep part, and the density difference between the surface layer and the deep part can be reduced.

Further, when the cross-sectional shape of the rolling wheel 200 is a regular polygon, the corners of the regular polygon have an effect of dividing and spreading the high-density layer of the surface layer. Since the gaps are connected by arcs, the rolls can be rolled more smoothly than in the case of a regular polygon, and the rolling action similar to that of the circular rolling wheel 200 can be achieved by rolling at the arc part.
Also, as shown in FIG. 2, the Reuleaux triangle is a figure that can rotate while inscribed in a square, and therefore, near the wall surface 500 a of the structure 500 as shown in FIG. It is possible to rotate the rolling wheel 200 to compact the corner portion 500c near the wall surface 500a.

On the other hand, in the compaction machine using the rolling wheel 600 having a circular cross section as shown in FIG. 3 (A), even if the rolling wheel 600 is brought close to the position where it contacts the structure 500, the rolling point is the structure. The corner 500c within the distance r from the wall 500b of the structure 500 is not substantially compacted from the object 500 by a radius r of the rolling wheel 600.
Here, when the corner portion 500c in the vicinity of the structure 500 is compacted by the compaction machine 10, the compaction machine 10 traveled toward the structure 500 is stopped immediately before it hits the structure 500, and In the travel stop state, the rolling wheel 200 is rotationally driven by the rotational drive mechanism (hydraulic motor) 32 to compact the corner portion 500c.

As described above, in the compacting machine 10 including the rolling wheel 200 having a cross-sectional shape of the Rouleau triangle, the corner portion 500c in the vicinity of the structure 500 can be compacted. There is no need for a compacting operation with a small vibrating roller, the compacting process can be simplified, and it is not necessary to prepare both a large compacting machine and a small compacting machine.
Further, since the Rouleau triangle is a figure that can rotate while inscribed in the square as shown in FIG. 2, the rotational drive mechanism is shown in FIG. The ground 400 can be compacted into a planar shape by rotationally driving the rolling wheel 200 by 32. Therefore, there is a construction method in which the compaction wheel 200 is rotated while the compaction machine 10 is stopped until the rectangular area 400b of the ground 400 to which the compaction force is applied by the compaction wheel 200 reaches a height corresponding to a predetermined density. Is possible.

In order to reduce the frictional resistance between the upper plate 25 and the rolling wheel 200, a frictional resistance reducing material can be attached to the lower surface of the upper plate 25 or a plurality of rollers can be rotatably attached. Further, a buffer material for buffering the collision between the upper plate 25 and the rolling wheel 200 can be attached to the lower surface of the upper plate 25.
Further, the rotation driving mechanism 32 that rotationally drives the pressure wheel 200 is not limited to a mechanism that rotationally drives the rotation shaft of the pressure wheel 200 by a hydraulic motor, and, for example, a crawler provided on the upper plate 25 and the pressure wheel 200. The rolling wheel 200 can be configured to be rotationally driven by contact with.

The rotational drive mechanism 32 using the above crawler includes a pair of sprockets that are spaced apart in the front-rear direction, and a crawler belt that is wound around these sprockets. Then, the lower surface of the crawler belt is configured to come into contact with the upper end of the rolling wheel 200, and the rolling wheel 200 in contact with the crawler belt is driven to rotate by rotating the sprocket with a hydraulic motor or the like.
Further, as a support structure for the rolling wheel 200, a long long hole is formed in each of the sub-frames 33b and 33b so as to allow the rotation axis X3 of the rolling wheel 200 to pass therethrough. By inserting the rotation axis X3 of the wheel 200 through the elongated hole, it is possible to allow a vertical movement of the rotation axis X3 (center of gravity). In this case, a structure (hinge mechanism 42) that allows the sub frames 33b and 33b to swing up and down with respect to the main body 20 is not necessary.

Further, as a support structure of the rolling wheel 200, a fork mechanism (suspension fork) in which a suspension is incorporated is used to support the rolling wheel 200, and the height variation from the ground 400 to the rotation axis X3 (center of gravity). Can be configured to be allowed by the expansion and contraction of the suspension.
Further, as the support structure of the compaction wheel 200, the main frame 33a is replaced with a hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder is expanded and contracted in conjunction with the rotation angle of the compaction wheel 200, so that the rotation axis X3 of the compaction wheel 200 is up and down and front and rear. Can be configured to move.

That is, since the locus of the center of gravity when the Rouleau triangle is rotated so as to be inscribed in the square becomes an ellipse, the hydraulic cylinder is expanded and contracted so that the rotation axis X3 traces the movement of the center of gravity. The movement of the rotation axis X3 is made to coincide with the movement of the center of gravity when the 200 rotates while inscribed in a square.
Thereby, the rotation locus | trajectory of the rolling wheel 200 can be approximated to a square, the rolling performance of a corner part, and the rolling performance which dents the ground 400 planarly in a driving | running | working stop state can be improved.

Further, the rolling wheel 200 is provided with a rotation guide portion that rotates while inscribed in a square with a rotation guide member that forms a Reuleaux triangle, and a rotation shaft X3 and a rotation drive mechanism 32 provided at the center of gravity of the rolling wheel 200. (Hydraulic motor) can be connected by a universal joint or the like, and the rotation locus of the rolling wheel 200 can be configured to be square.
Further, in the support structure shown in FIG. 1 and the like, the upper plate 25 can be omitted.
In addition, the compacting machine 10 of the above embodiment includes a rolling wheel 200 having a cross-sectional shape of a Rouleau, but includes a rolling wheel 210 having a cross-sectional shape of a Rouleau as shown in FIG. A compacting machine 11 can be constructed.

The compacting machine 11 of FIG. 5 has the same configuration as the compacting machine 10 shown in FIG. 1 except that it includes a rolling wheel 210 having a cross-sectional shape of a Louro pentagon.
The compacting machine 11 has substantially the same operational effects as the compacting machine 10 including the rolling wheel 200 whose cross-sectional shape is a triangular triangle.

That is, in the rolling by the corners of the rolling wheel 210 having a cross-sectional shape of a Louro pentagon, the rolling force acts so as to sever the surface layer of the ground 400 having a high density and to spread the severing part. The rolling pressure is easily transmitted, and the density difference between the surface layer and the deep portion can be reduced.
Compared to a compacting machine in which the cross-sectional shape of the compaction wheel is circular, the compaction machine 11 including the compaction wheel 210 having a cross-sectional shape of a pentagon with a Lou Lou is rotationally driven in a stopped state. Thus, the ground 400 can be compacted to a corner near the wall surface of the structure.

Furthermore, a construction method is possible in which the compaction wheel 210 is rotated while the compaction machine 11 is stopped until the rectangular area of the ground 400 to which the compaction pressure is applied by the compaction wheel 210 reaches a height corresponding to a predetermined density. It is.
However, if the Rouleau triangle and the Rouleux pentagon have the same width, the rolling wheel 200 having a cross-sectional shape of the Rouleau triangle can be compacted to a position closer to the wall surface, and can be stopped. The area that can be compacted in the state can be widened.

  On the other hand, in the Rouleau polygon, as the number of sides (corners) increases, the variation in the height of the center of gravity when rolling is reduced, so compaction using the rolling wheel 210 having a cross-sectional shape of the Rouleau pentagon. The rolling of the rolling wheel is smoother in the machine 11 than in the compacting machine 10 using the rolling wheel 200 having a cross section of a Rouleau triangle.

Although the contents of the present invention have been specifically described above with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is obvious that those skilled in the art can take various modifications based on the basic technical idea and teachings of the present invention. is there.
The rolling wheel used as the Roule polygon is not limited to a metal (steel ring), and the rolling wheel whose contact surface with the ground is formed of a material such as rubber can be used as the Roule polygon.

In addition, the compacting machine 10 can be configured by including both a rolling wheel having a cross-sectional shape of a Rouleau pentagon and a rolling wheel having a cross-sectional shape of a Rouleau triangle.
In addition, the roule's heptagon among the roule's polygons can be the cross-sectional shape of the rolling wheel 200. However, when the number of sides is equal to or greater than the roule's heptagon, compared to the roule's triangle or roule's pentagon. In addition, the action of dividing the surface layer of the ground 400 having a high density is weakened, and an area that cannot be compacted is widened at a corner near the structure (wall surface).

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10,11 ... Compaction machine, 20 ... Main body, 25 ... Upper plate, 30 ... Vibration compaction apparatus, 31 ... Vibration mechanism, 32 ... Rotation drive mechanism, 33 ... Support frame, 33a ... Main frame, 33b ... Sub-frame, 41, 42 ... hinge mechanism, 200, 210 ... rolling wheel (front wheel), 300 ... rubber tire (rear wheel), 400 ... ground

Claims (6)

  A compacting machine having a rolling wheel whose cross-sectional shape is a Rouleau polygon.   The compacting machine according to claim 1, wherein the polygon of the rouleau is a rouleau triangle or roule pentagon.   The compacting machine of Claim 1 or 2 provided with the vibration mechanism which vibrates the said rolling wheel.   The compacting machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a rotational drive mechanism that rotationally drives the rolling wheel. A method for compacting the ground using the compaction machine according to claim 4,
Stop running the compaction machine,
The ground is compacted by rotating the rolling wheel by the rotational drive mechanism while the compaction machine is stopped.
Compaction method. A method for compacting the ground using the compaction machine according to claim 4,
The Rouleau polygon is the Rouleau triangle,
Stop running the compaction machine at the corner near the wall,
The grounding of the corner portion is compacted by rotating the rolling wheel by the rotational drive mechanism while the compaction machine is stopped running;
Compaction method.