JP5948086B2 - Pile driving method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a pile driving method for press-fitting (setting) piles (including columns) into the ground, and more particularly to a pile driving method suitable for press-fitting columns for installing a solar cell panel.

As a technique related to a pile driving method for press-fitting a pile into the ground, for example, a technique described in Patent Document 1 is disclosed.
The pile driving device disclosed in the document is an exclusive machine obtained by modifying a hydraulic excavator. That is, an arm is provided from the lower part of the vehicle body of the hydraulic excavator toward the front of the vehicle body, and a long leader mast is supported to be tiltable upward and downward by the arm and a boom facing upward. A hydraulic breaker is attached to the leader mast via a base that can slide along the leader mast. The hydraulic breaker is suspended from the upper end of the leader mast by a wire rope. The hydraulic breaker slides along the leader mast by winding and unwinding the other end of the wire rope with a winch. The hydraulic breaker has a built-in striking mechanism. By attaching the upper end of the “pile” to the tip of the hydraulic breaker and hitting the upper end with the hydraulic breaker, the “pile” can be pressed into the ground. Yes.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 57-3920 (FIG. 1)

  However, since the pile driving device described in Patent Document 1 is a dedicated machine provided with the above-described arm, leader mast, gantry, winch and the like by modifying a hydraulic excavator, there is a problem that equipment costs increase. In addition, the length of the pile that can be press-fitted cannot be longer than the sliding range of the mount on the leader mast. Although the leader mast can be tilted within a certain range, it is supported by the arm and the boom up and down, so that the tilt range is greatly limited. That is, there is a problem that the length of the pile that can be press-fitted is limited by the sliding range of the gantry and the posture of the pile at the time of press-fitting is also limited by the tilting range.

Furthermore, since the hydraulic breaker is suspended from the upper end of the leader mast by the wire rope, the force for pressing the pile into the ground is only the weight of the pile and the hydraulic breaker and the striking force of the hydraulic breaker. For this reason, the press-fitting speed becomes slow, and there is still room for improvement in improving work efficiency.
Therefore, the present invention has been made paying attention to such problems, and while restraining the equipment cost relatively, the length of the pile that can be press-fitted and the posture of the pile at the time of press-fitting are restricted. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pile driving method that is relatively gentle and can improve work efficiency relatively.

In order to solve the above-described problems, a pile driving method according to an aspect of the present invention includes a traveling carriage, a turntable provided to be turnable on the running carriage, and a cabin and a boom provided on the turntable. And an arm pivotally supported at the tip of the boom, and using a construction vehicle in which the boom and the arm can be raised and lowered by a hydraulic mechanism, a hydraulic breaker is attached to the tip of the arm of the construction vehicle, and the hydraulic breaker A press-fitting chisel having a sphere part is attached to the end of its own shaft part, and a batting that surrounds the sphere part so as to allow the press-fitting chisel shaft part to tilt at a predetermined angle and to allow the sphere part to slide. A head is mounted, and an upper end portion of a pile that is press-fitted into the tip end portion of the striking head is detachably fitted along the axial direction and supported, and a tilting posture of the striking head at a predetermined angle is supported on the construction vehicle. Characterized by press-fitting the pile into the ground while following the arm and the arm link motion.

According to the pile driving method according to one aspect of the present invention, a construction vehicle is used, a hydraulic breaker is attached to the tip of an arm of the construction vehicle, and the striking force transmitted to the press-fitting chisel of the hydraulic breaker causes the striking head to Therefore, the pile can be press-fitted into the ground by the striking force of the hydraulic breaker.
And according to the pile driving method concerning one mode of the present invention, it replaces with the usual chisel (rod for striking) of a hydraulic breaker, it mounts the above-mentioned press-fit chisel, and the sphere part at the tip of the shaft part of the press-fit chisel Since the pile driving work can be performed only by attaching the hitting head to the head, for example, as described in Patent Document 1 described above, the equipment cost can be reduced as compared with the pile driving method using the pile driving apparatus which is a dedicated machine. It is also possible to change the setup.

  Moreover, according to the pile driving method which concerns on 1 aspect of this invention, compared with the pile driving method by the above-mentioned pile-driving apparatus of patent document 1, the component like a leader mast with a large restriction | limiting of a tilting range is used. The posture of the hydraulic breaker can be set freely within the range of the link motion of the boom and arm of the construction vehicle. Therefore, the restriction on the length of the pile that can be press-fitted and the restriction on the posture of the pile at the time of the press-fitting are relatively gentle.

In a state where the pile is started to be driven into the ground, the angle of the chisel of the hydraulic breaker may be slightly inclined from the vertical direction due to the link motion of the boom and arm of the construction vehicle. However, according to the pile driving method according to one aspect of the present invention, the press-in chisel has a spherical portion at the tip of its own shaft, and the striking head allows tilting of the press-in chisel shaft by a predetermined angle. Since the sphere is surrounded so as to allow the sphere to slide, the pile supported on the tip of the striking head is allowed to follow the link motion of the boom and the arm of the construction vehicle within the tilting range of a predetermined angle. It can be supported while correcting. As the piles are pressed into the ground, the angle of the press-in chisel of the hydraulic breaker can be easily maintained in the vertical direction because of the link motion.

  Further, according to the pile driving method according to one aspect of the present invention, when the ground is tightened and it is difficult to press-fit the pile into the ground or when it is desired to increase the press-fitting speed, in addition to the striking force of the hydraulic breaker, construction The boom and arm of the vehicle can be operated to push the hydraulic breaker downward by the boom and arm itself. Therefore, compared with the pile driving method using the pile driving device described in Patent Document 1 described above, by pressing down the reaction force of the impact, the press-fitting speed of the pile can be increased and work efficiency can be improved.

  Here, in the pile driving method according to one aspect of the present invention, it is preferable that a weight is suspended from the hydraulic breaker or the striking head so that the gravity direction can be visually recognized from the cabin. As this weight, for example, a weight may be attached to the tip of the wire, or the chain itself may be suspended as a weight by a hydraulic breaker or a striking head. If such a weight is suspended, it can be easily confirmed from the cabin whether the pile is press-fitted vertically.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the length of the pile that can be press-fitted and the restriction of the posture of the pile at the time of press-fitting are relatively gentle, while the facility cost is relatively suppressed, and work efficiency is reduced. A pile driving device that can be improved relatively can be provided.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a front view explaining one Embodiment of the construction vehicle with which the pile driving device which implements the pile driving method which concerns on 1 aspect of this invention was mounted | worn, and the figure combines the range of the link motion of the boom and arm of a construction vehicle. Are shown. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure explaining one Embodiment of the hydraulic breaker (state which mounted | wore with the press-fit chisel) which comprises the pile driving device which implements the pile driving method which concerns on 1 aspect of this invention, The figure (a) is the front view. (B) is a right side view of FIG. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure explaining one Embodiment of the striking head which comprises the pile driving apparatus which implements the pile driving method which concerns on 1 aspect of this invention, The figure (a) shows the cross section along an axial direction seeing from the front. The figure (b) is the A arrow directional view of the figure (a). It is a figure explaining an example of the pile corresponding to the striking head of Drawing 3, the figure (a) is a front view of the end of a pile, and (b) is a B arrow line view of the figure (a). It is a figure explaining the example (example which press-fits a pile in the position nearest to a construction vehicle) of the pile driving method which press-fits the pile of FIG. 4 in the ground with the pile driving device with which the construction vehicle of FIG. Fig. (A) shows a state before press-fitting, and (b) shows a state after press-fitting. It is a figure explaining the example (example which press-fits a pile in the position farthest from a construction vehicle) of the pile driving method which press-fits the pile of FIG. 4 in the ground with the pile driving device with which the construction vehicle of FIG. Fig. (A) shows a state before press-fitting, and (b) shows a state after press-fitting.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a construction vehicle including a pile driving device that performs a pile driving method according to an aspect of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings as appropriate.
As shown in FIG. 1, the construction vehicle 10 includes a traveling carriage 1 at a lower portion, and a turntable 2 is turnably provided on the traveling carriage 1. On the swivel base 2, a cabin 3 that is an operator's operation chamber and a boom 4 that can be raised and lowered by a boom cylinder 6 that is a hydraulic mechanism are provided. An arm 5 is pivotally supported at the tip of the boom 4, and the arm 5 can be raised and lowered by an arm cylinder 7 which is a hydraulic mechanism.

  Here, in this construction vehicle 10, a hydraulic breaker 20 is attached to the tip of the arm 5 as a pile driving device. The hydraulic breaker 20 is pivotally supported at two positions of the bracket 22 with respect to the tip of the arm 5 and the tilt mechanism 8 at the tip of the arm 5, and is rotated within a predetermined range by driving the tilt mechanism 8. ing. For the rotation structure within a predetermined range by this tilt mechanism, the equipment of a normal construction vehicle is used as it is.

  As shown in FIG. 1 (and FIG. 2), a press-fit chisel 24 is mounted on the hydraulic breaker 20 by a striking mechanism of the hydraulic breaker 20 so as to be struck. The press-fit chisel 24 has a spherical body portion 26 at the tip of its own shaft portion. As shown in FIG. 1, a chain 40 is suspended from the cabin 3 as a weight on the bracket 22 of the hydraulic breaker 20 so that the gravity direction can be visually recognized. A striking head 30 is attached to the spherical portion 26 of the press-fit chisel 24 so as to surround the spherical portion 26.

  The striking head 30 is configured to have an upper head 32 and a lower head 36 that can be divided and combined up and down by a connecting bolt 39 as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. The upper head 32 and the lower head 36 are made of a columnar steel material (see FIG. 5B), and the mutual abutting portions 30a are inlay-fitted (in this example, the upper head 32 side is convex and the lower head 36 side is A concave inlay).

  The upper head 32 is provided with a tapered hole 33. The diameter of the tapered hole 33 is increased toward the press-fitting chisel 24, and the shaft portion 24a of the press-fitted chisel 24 to be inserted tilts by a predetermined angle (in this example, the entire circumference around the axis with respect to the central axis). α = 5 °) is provided. Concave spherical surface portions 34 and 37 are formed between the upper head 32 and the lower head 36. The upper concave spherical portion 34 communicates with the tapered hole 33, and the concave spherical portions 34 and 37 surround the spherical portion 26 so as to allow the spherical portion 26 of the press-fitting chisel 24 to be inserted. It is formed inside each head 32, 36 so as to be accommodated. The division positions of the concave spherical portions 34 and 37 are exactly the contact portions 30a of the upper head 32 and the lower head 36 (positions of the above-described spigot fitting division surfaces). It is located on the dividing surface of the contact portion 30a. With such a configuration, the upper head 32 is inserted from the shaft portion 24a side of the press-in chisel 24, and then the lower head 36 is opposed to the lower surface of the upper head 32 from the spherical portion 26 side of the press-in chisel 24. By combining and combining the upper head 32 and the lower head 36 with a plurality of connecting bolts 39, it is possible to form the striking head 30 in which the press-fitting chisel 24 is integrally connected. As a result, the striking head 30 is rotatable around the spherical portion 26 (excluding the range of interference with the press-fitting chisel 24).

  Here, in the example of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the pile K includes a central web portion Ka and left and right flange portions Kb extending in a direction perpendicular to the same side from both ends of the web portion Ka. And a cross section having a substantially U-shaped cross section having left and right flanges Kc projecting obliquely outward from the front end of each flange portion Kb. In addition, the edge part shown in FIG. 4 is an upper end part, and the edge part on the opposite side is left uncut. Further, the pile K has a plurality of types such as a total length of 3 m and 3.6 m (mass is about 40 kg with a total length of 3.6 m), and the press-fitting (placement) depth is about 1.5 m.

  In the example of the present embodiment, the upper head portion of the pile K to be press-fitted to the lower head 36 is aligned with the above-described substantially U-shaped pile K as shown in FIG. A substantially U-shaped concave portion 38 that is detachably fitted along and is formed on the surface opposite to the upper head 32 (the lower surface in FIG. 2A). In the recess 38, the widened portion 38a corresponding to the direction of the left and right flanges Kc of the substantially U-shaped recess in plan view (A arrow view (FIG. 5B)) is directed toward the end side of the flange Kc. In addition, the pile K can be easily inserted and removed by providing chamfers 38b on the left and right sides of the entrance of the recess 38 when viewed from the front (the same figure (a)).

Next, a pile driving method of the pile K by the above-described pile driving device, and actions and effects will be described.
When staking using the above-described pile driving device, first, as a preparation, the upper head 32 is inserted from the shaft portion 24a side of the press-fit chisel 24, and then the shaft portion of the press-fit chisel 24 is inserted into the hydraulic breaker 20. Wear 24a. Subsequently, the lower head 36 is combined from the spherical portion 26 side of the press-fitting chisel 24 so as to face the lower surface of the upper head 32, and the upper head 32 and the lower head 36 are coupled by a plurality of coupling bolts 39, and the hydraulic breaker 20. Assembling the striking head 30 integrally coupled to each other. Then, it is only necessary to attach the hydraulic breaker 20 to the tip of the arm 5 of the construction vehicle 10.

  That is, according to the pile driving method using this pile driving device, the chisel of the hydraulic breaker 20 is replaced with the press-in chisel 24, and the upper head 32 and the lower head 36 are attached to the spherical portion 26 at the tip of the shaft portion of the press-in chisel 24. Since the pile driving work can be performed only by mounting the combined hammering head 30, for example, the equipment cost can be suppressed as compared with the pile driving method using the pile driving device described in Patent Document 1 described as the dedicated machine. It is possible to change the setup easily.

  When the pile K is press-fitted with this pile driving device, as shown in FIGS. 5 (a) to 6 (a), first, the pile K is supported in an upright posture on the ground GL at a position where the pile is desired to be pushed ( This upright posture maintains a temporary support state by a support jig (not shown). In addition, the above-mentioned pile K is a support | pillar for installing a solar cell panel, Comprising: After pressing in multiple this pile K to predetermined depth, it is for mounting | wearing a solar cell panel on the upper part.

  Next, the entire pile driving device is pressed toward the ground GL from above so that the concave portion 38 of the striking head 30 is fitted to the upper end portion of the upright pile K. At this time, since the posture of the hydraulic breaker 20 can be freely set within the range of the link motion of the boom 4 and the arm 5 of the construction vehicle 10 (see FIG. 1), the pile driving device to the fitting position of the pile K Easy to guide. Further, since the chamfer 38b and the widened portion 38a are provided in the recess 38, it is easier to guide the pile driving device to the fitting position of the pile K.

  Thus, according to the pile driving method using this pile driving device, compared with the pile driving method using the pile driving device described in Patent Document 1 described above, components such as a leader mast having a large tilt range restriction are not used. Since the posture of the hydraulic breaker 20 can be freely set within the range of the link motion of the boom 4 and the arm 5 of the construction vehicle 10 (see FIG. 1), the length of the press-fit pile K can be limited or The restriction of the posture of the pile K is relatively loose.

Next, as shown in FIG. 5B to FIG. 6B, the striking mechanism of the hydraulic breaker 20 is operated to press-fit the pile K into the ground. That is, according to the pile driving method using this pile driving device, the hydraulic breaker 20 is attached to the tip of the arm 5 of the construction vehicle 10, and the hammering force transmitted to the press-in chisel 24 is press-fitted through the hammering head 30. Since it is transmitted to the upper end of K, the pile K can be pressed into the ground by the striking force of the hydraulic breaker 20.
Here, in the state where the pile K is started to be driven into the ground, when the pile K is supported in an upright posture on the ground GL at a position where it is desired to be press-fitted, the relationship between the link motion of the boom 4 and the arm 5 of the construction vehicle 10 As indicated by reference numeral 1 in FIG. 1, the chisel angle of the hydraulic breaker 20 may be slightly inclined from the vertical direction.

  However, according to the pile driving method using this pile driving device, the press-in chisel 24 has the spherical portion 26 at the tip of its own shaft, and the striking head 30 is inserted so that the shaft is allowed to tilt at a predetermined angle. And a concave spherical portion 34, 37 which communicates with the tapered hole 33 and surrounds the spherical portion 26 and accommodates it so as to allow sliding. Can be supported by correcting the pile K in the vertical direction within a tilting range of a predetermined angle (in this example, α = 5 ° (> θ) over the entire circumference around the axis with respect to the central axis). . As the pile K is press-fitted into the ground, the angle of the chisel 24 of the hydraulic breaker 20 can be easily maintained in the vertical direction because of the link motion.

Further, according to the pile driving method using this pile driving device, when a pile driving operation is performed at a plurality of locations using the turning mechanism of the turntable 2 while the traveling carriage 1 is fixed, the hitting head 30 rotates around the sphere portion 26. Since it is movable, it is easy to align the direction of the pile (support) K in one direction.
Moreover, according to the pile driving method by this pile driving device, when the ground is tightened and the pile K is difficult to press-fit or when it is desired to increase the press-fitting speed, in addition to the striking force of the hydraulic breaker 20, the construction vehicle 10 By operating the boom 4 and the arm 5, the hydraulic breaker 20 can be pressed downward by the boom 4 and the arm 5 itself (see FIGS. 5 and 6). Therefore, compared with the pile driving method using the pile driving device described in Patent Document 1 described above, the pressing force of the pile K can be increased and work efficiency can be improved by suppressing the reaction force of the impact.

Moreover, according to the pile driving method by this pile driving device, since the chain 40 is provided as a weight attached to the hydraulic breaker 20 and suspended from the cabin 3 so that the direction of gravity can be visually recognized, the pile K is vertical. It can be easily confirmed from the cabin 3 whether or not it is press-fitted.
Note that the pile driving method according to the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the pile K is a column for installing the solar cell panel, and the example in which the cross section is an aluminum alloy shape steel having a substantially U-shaped cross section has been described. The present invention can be applied to various piles. Of course, the cross section is not limited to a substantially U-shape, and can be used for various shapes such as H-type, Z-type, T-type, and I-type. In this case, the shape of the recess 38 at the tip of the impact head 30 is such that the upper end of the pile press-fitted into the ground is detachably fitted along the pile axial direction and can be supported. Is done.

  Further, for example, in the above-described embodiment, the example in which the chain 40 suspended from the cabin 3 so that the gravity direction can be visually recognized is attached to the hydraulic breaker 20 is not limited to this. If the weight is suspended so that the direction of gravity is visible from the cabin, for example, a weight may be attached to the tip of the wire. Moreover, you may hang down to the impact head 30 instead of the hydraulic breaker 20, for example. Furthermore, it is good also as a structure which does not provide such a suspended weight. However, it is preferable to attach the suspended weight to the hydraulic breaker or the striking head in order to easily check whether or not the pile is press-fitted vertically.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Traveling cart 2 Swivel 3 Cabin 4 Boom 5 Arm 6 Boom cylinder (hydraulic mechanism)
7 Arm cylinder (hydraulic mechanism)
8 Tilt Mechanism 10 Construction Vehicle 20 Hydraulic Breaker 22 Bracket 23 (Hydraulic Breaker) 23 Breaker Body 24 Press-fit Chisel 26 Spherical Part 30 Impact Head 32 Upper Head 33 Tapered Hole 34 (Upper Head Side) Concave Spherical Part 36 Lower Head 37 ( Concave spherical surface part (on the lower head side) 38 Concave part 39 Connecting bolt 40 Chain (hanging weight)
K pile (support)

Claims (2)

A traveling carriage; a swivel provided on the running carriage so as to be turnable; a cabin and a boom provided on the turntable; and an arm pivotally supported on the tip of the boom; Using a construction vehicle that can be raised and lowered by a hydraulic mechanism,
A hydraulic breaker is attached to the tip of the arm of the construction vehicle, and a press-fitting chisel having a spherical portion is attached to the tip of the shaft of the hydraulic breaker, and the tilting of the press-fitting chisel shaft is allowed at a predetermined angle. A striking head that surrounds the sphere is mounted so as to allow the slidable movement of the sphere, and the upper end of the pile that is press-fitted into the tip of the striking head is detachably fitted along the axial direction and supported. A pile driving method, wherein the pile is press-fitted into the ground while making the tilting posture of the hitting head follow the link motion of the boom and arm of the construction vehicle.   The pile driving method according to claim 1, wherein a weight is suspended from the hydraulic breaker or the striking head so that a gravity direction can be visually recognized from the cabin.

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