JP2017000097A - Drum type direct sower - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a dibbling technique capable of easily realizing sowing with a proper quantity by a simple structure with a small number of components.SOLUTION: A drum type direct sower which dibbles seeds filled inside a drum by rotating the drum is characterized as follows: protrusions are provided on a circumference of the drum; a dibble part is provided inside the protrusion; and after denting the ground by the protrusion, the seeds are sowed in the dent by the dibble part. By sowing in the dent formed by the protrusion, the seeds after sowing are prevented from moving so that an interrow space and a space between plants can be maintained. By filling the drum with the seeds and sowing by the dibble part provided on the circumference of the drum, it becomes unnecessary to provide a hopper, a feeding device, and other members separately.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

  The present invention relates to a spot sowing technique for continuously sowing seeds at predetermined locations in a farm field, and to a technique for spot sowing using a drum type direct sowing machine mounted behind a traveling machine body.

  In Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, a feed roll for feeding seed stored in a hopper is provided for each strip, and a groover is provided at a discharge port from the feed roll, and the groove is formed by the groover. Discloses a spot seeding technique in which spot seeding is carried out at a predetermined timing from a feeding roll.

JP 2013-211943 A JP 2014-68572 A

The conventional spot sowing technique requires at least a hopper for storing seeds, a feeding device for feeding an appropriate amount of seeds from the hopper, a supply path leading from the feeding device to the sowing position, and a grooving device for providing a groove at the sowing position. It was. For this reason, the number of parts is increased, and a complicated structure is required to feed an appropriate amount of seeds.
The present invention provides a spot seeding technique that can easily realize an appropriate amount of seeding with a simple structure having a small number of parts.

The present invention is a drum-type direct seeding machine for rotating seeds seeded by rotating a drum, provided with protrusions on the outer periphery of the drum, and provided with a seeding part inside the protrusions. After the dent is made, the seed is sown in the dent at the spot sowing part.
By sowing the inside of the dent formed by the protrusion, it is possible to prevent the seed from moving after sowing and to maintain the spacing between the streaks and the strains. By filling seeds in the drum and sowing at a spot sowing unit provided on the outer periphery of the drum, separate members such as a hopper and a feeding device become unnecessary.
Therefore, it is possible to provide a spot seeding technique that can easily realize an appropriate amount of seeding with a simple structure having a small number of parts.

The drum includes a PTO protrusion that protrudes beyond the protrusion, and the drum rotates when the PTO protrusion contacts the ground.
Providing the drum itself with a PTO projection serving as a rotational drive source eliminates the need for a separate drive source.

The drum includes a drainage protrusion around the spot sowing part, and a drainage groove is provided around the seed sowing position by the drainage protrusion.
At the same time as sowing, drainage grooves can be attached to the ground. By providing a drainage groove, water does not accumulate at the sowing position after irrigation, and seed germination and growth are not inhibited.

A belt-like member is provided along the drum rotation direction so that the internal space of the drum and the inside of the spot sowing part can be separated from each other until the spot sowing part becomes horizontal after the sowing position. Between the internal space of the drum and the internal space of the spot seeding part, and the internal space of the drum and the interior of the spot seeding part are isolated in areas other than the open area.
By connecting the inside of the drum filled with seeds and the inside of the spot sowing unit only within a predetermined section by the belt-like member, a structure capable of stably sowing a certain amount of seeds can be provided.

  The seed sowing unit includes a seed reservoir for temporarily storing the seed therein, a shutter that communicates the seed reservoir and the outer periphery of the drum, and a cam link mechanism that opens and closes the shutter, and the shutter includes a drum The cam link mechanism opens toward the upstream side in the rotation direction, the cam is fixed so as not to rotate with respect to the rotation of the drum, and contacts the cam, and rotates around the cam as the drum rotates. And a link member that opens the shutter at a predetermined timing, and a biasing member that biases the link member toward the cam and constantly biases the shutter in the closing direction.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the spot seeding technique which can implement | achieve an appropriate amount of seeding easily with a simple structure with few components can be provided.

It is a side view which shows the whole structure of a drum type direct seeding machine and the traveling body with which it was mounted | worn. It is a rear view of a drum type direct seeding machine. It is a back sectional view of a drum type direct seeding machine. It is side surface sectional drawing of a drum type direct seeding machine. It is a back cross-sectional enlarged view of a drum type direct seeding machine. It is a figure which shows the mode of sowing by a drum type direct seeding machine. It is a figure which shows a mode that a seed is stored in a spot seeding part in a drum direct seeding machine. It is a rear view which shows the protrusion for drainage. It is a figure which shows the groove | channel formed by the protrusion for drainage. It is a figure which shows another embodiment of the protrusion for drainage. It is a figure which shows other embodiment of the protrusion for drainage. It is a figure which shows embodiment at the time of using the protrusion for drainage also as a protrusion for PTO. It is a figure which shows another embodiment of a drum type direct seeding machine.

  With reference to FIG. 1, the whole structure of the traveling body 2 which mounted | worn the drum type direct seeding machine 1 at the rear part is demonstrated. The drum type direct sowing machine 1 is a seeding machine that sows on the ground while rotating by traveling of the traveling machine body 2.

The traveling machine body 2 includes an engine 3, a transmission 4 that shifts power from the engine 3, a vehicle body frame 5 that supports the engine 3 and the transmission 4, a front wheel 6 and a rear wheel that are driven by power transmitted from the engine 3 and the transmission 4. 7 etc.
The power from the engine 3 and the transmission 4 is transmitted to the front axle case 8 and the rear axle case 9, respectively. The front axle case 8 is supported by the front part of the body frame 5, and the front wheels 6 are supported at both right and left ends thereof. Similarly, the rear axle case 9 is supported at the rear part of the body frame 5 and the rear wheel 7 is supported at both right and left ends thereof.
The upper part of the body frame 5 is covered by the step 10, and the operator can move on the step 10.

  A driver's seat 11 is disposed in the middle of the front and rear of the traveling machine body 2, and a steering handle 12, an operating pedal 13, a dashboard 14 and the like are provided in front of the driver's seat 11. In addition to the steering handle 12, an operation tool for various operations and a display device are arranged on the dashboard 14.

  The drum type direct seeding machine 1 is connected to the rear part of the traveling machine body 2 via the lifting link mechanism 20. The lift link mechanism 20 includes a pair of left and right upper links 21 and lower links 22, a lift cylinder 23, a hitch 24, and the like. The hitch 24 is a connecting member that connects the rear ends of the upper link 21 and the lower link 22, and the drum type direct seeder 1 is connected to the hitch 24. The elevating cylinder 23 is connected to a rotating arm 25 that is fixed between the lower links 22. The rotary arm 25 is moved by the elevating cylinder 23 to rotate the lower link 22 and the upper link 21 to raise and lower the drum type direct seeder 1 connected to the hitch 24.

[Drum type direct seeder]
The drum type direct seeder 1 will be described with reference to FIGS.
The drum type direct seeder 1 includes a hollow drum 31, a plurality of protrusions 32 provided on the outer periphery of the drum 31, a point seeding part 33 provided inside each protrusion 32, and a PTO protrusion fixed to both side ends of the drum 31. 34 is provided.

The drum 31 is a hollow cylindrical member that can be filled with seeds. Covers 35 are provided at openings on both side surfaces of the cylindrical drum 31, and one side of the cover 35 is configured to be openable. The hermetically sealed lid 35 is fixed to the inner surface of the drum 31, and the open-side lid 35 is fixed to the outer surface of the PTO projection 34 via a fastener such as a bolt. By removing the lid 35, seeds can be filled into the drum 31. Alternatively, a seed filling window may be provided on the lid 35, and seeds may be filled inside through the window.
The drum 31 is pivotally supported with respect to the lifting / lowering link mechanism 20. Specifically, a support shaft 36 is provided at the center of the drum 31, and the support shaft 36 is supported by a bearing 37 fixed to the inner side of each lid 35. The support shaft 36 is fixed to the elevating link mechanism 20, so that the drum 31 is rotatably supported with respect to the elevating link mechanism 20.

The protrusion 32 is provided so as to protrude outward from the outer surface of the drum 31 in the radial direction. Plural protrusions 32 are arranged in the axial direction of the drum 31 (four in the figure), and plural (six in the figure) are arranged along the circumferential direction of the drum 31. As the drum 31 rotates, the protrusion 32 comes into contact with the ground, and a dent is formed at the place where the protrusion 32 comes into contact.
The spot sowing unit 33 temporarily communicates the inside and the outside of the drum 31, so that a fixed amount of seeds stored in the drum 31 are taken out and seeded. The spot sowing unit 33 is disposed in the protrusion 32 and seeds the seed inside the recess formed by the protrusion 32.
In this way, by adopting a configuration in which an appropriate amount of seed stored in the drum 31 is taken out by the spot sowing unit 33 and sown in the inside of the dent formed immediately before by the protrusion 32, the hopper, feeding device, supply path, cropping It is possible to provide a spot seeding device having a simple structure with a small number of parts without requiring complicated parts such as a grooved tool.

[PTO projection]
The PTO projections 34 are provided on both side ends of the drum 31 and are provided to project radially outward from the outer surface. A plurality of (12 in the figure) PTO protrusions 34 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the drum 31. The protrusion amount of the PTO protrusion 34 is set to be sufficiently larger than the protrusion 32. That is, the PTO protrusion 34 is formed as a portion that protrudes most radially outward in the drum type direct seeding machine 1. And the external force which rotates the drum 31 generate | occur | produces because the protrusion 34 for PTO contacts the ground. In other words, by providing the drum 31 itself with the PTO projection 34 serving as a rotation drive source, the drum type direct seeder 1 has a structure that rotates by obtaining power from the ground.
Thus, by using the drum 31 itself as a rotation drive source, a separate rotation drive source becomes unnecessary, and the structure of the drum type direct seeder 1 can be simplified.

In the case where the PTO projection 34 is provided and the drum 31 itself is not used as a rotational drive source, the drum 31 is rotated by chain drive by taking power from the transmission 4 or the rear axle case 9, or It is also possible to rotate the drum 31 by a motor drive or the like. Thus, by providing a separate drive source, the drum 31 is forcibly driven to rotate, and the seeding operation can be reliably continued.
When the support shaft 36 of the drum 31 is not rotatable as in the present embodiment, this can be realized by transmitting power to the side surface of the drum 31. When the support shaft 36 of the drum 31 is rotatable, power can be directly transmitted to the support shaft 36.

[Point sowing section]
The spot seeding portion 33 is a portion that is provided inside a protrusion 32 that is provided so as to protrude from the inner surface of the drum 31, and communicates the internal space of the drum 31 with the outside. The seed sowing unit 33 includes a seed reservoir 41 that temporarily accumulates seeds, a shutter 42 that communicates the inside of the seed reservoir 41 and the outer periphery of the drum 31, and a cam link mechanism 43 that opens and closes the shutter 42. The shutter 42 is provided on the front surface of the protrusion 32 (the surface on the upstream side in the rotation direction of the drum 31), has a rotation fulcrum on the inner peripheral surface of the drum 31, and is configured to open toward the front side of the protrusion 32. Is done. The cam link mechanism 43 controls the seeding timing in the spot seeding unit 33 by controlling the opening / closing timing of the shutter 42.

The cam link mechanism 43 is in contact with the cam 44 fixed to the support shaft 36 of the drum 31 and the surface of the cam 44, and is fixed to the inner surface of the drum 31, so that the cam 44 rotates as the drum 31 rotates. A link member 45 that rotates around the periphery and a biasing member 46 that biases the link member 45 toward the cam 44 are provided. The cam link mechanism 43 further includes an arm 47. The arm 47 connects the rotation fulcrum of the shutter 42 and the link member 45, and opens and closes the shutter 42 by rotating about the rotation fulcrum of the shutter 42 according to the movement of the link member 45.
The cam 44 has a cam profile in which a portion corresponding to the seeding position of the spot seeding portion 33 is a large diameter portion. According to the cam profile of the cam 44, the arm 47 is rotated to rotate the shutter 42. The urging member 46 urges the link member 45 toward the cam 44 side, that is, constantly urges the link member 45 in the direction in which the shutter 42 is closed. When the link member 45 is pushed outward by the cam 44, the arm 47 rotates against the urging force of the urging member 46, and the shutter 42 is opened toward the upstream side in the rotation direction.

Inside the drum 31, a belt-like member 50 is provided along the rotation direction of the drum 31. The belt-like member 50 is fixed to the support shaft 36 of the drum 31 and is provided so as not to rotate following the rotation of the drum 31. The belt-like member 50 is arranged on the same circumference as the point seeding parts 33 arranged in a plurality along the circumferential direction of the drum 31.
The band-shaped member 50 is disposed in order to isolate the seed reservoir 41 provided as the internal space of the spot seeding portion 33 from the internal space of the drum 31. Specifically, the band-shaped member 50 has a shape in which a part of the section until it becomes horizontal after passing the sowing position by the point seeding portion 33 disposed at the lower part of the drum 31 is cut in the open section. The seed reservoir 41 and the internal space of the drum 31 communicate with each other to supply seeds to the seed reservoir 41. The seed reservoir 41 is isolated from the internal space of the drum 31 except in the open section.

[Seeding]
As shown in FIG. 6, the drum 31 rotates and the protrusion 32 comes into contact with the ground to form a recess, and the drum 31 further rotates so that the base end of the link member 45 reaches the large diameter portion of the cam 44. At this time, the link member 45 rotates the arm 47 to open the shutter 42, and seeds in the recess formed by the protrusion 32.
Thus, by sowing in the dent formed by the protrusion 32 by the spot sowing part 33, the movement of the seed after sowing can be prevented, and the interval between the streaks and the strains can be maintained. At that time, by sowing the dent formed by the protrusion 32, contact between the spot seeding portion 33 and the ground can be prevented, mixing of mud and soil into the spot seeding portion 33 can be suppressed, and clogging can be minimized. Can be suppressed. Moreover, since the shutter 42 of the spot seeding portion 33 is opened toward the inside of the recess, resistance from the ground is not applied to the shutter 42, and the life of the shutter 42 and the cam link mechanism 43 can be improved. Further, the shutter 42 is opened toward the upstream side in the rotation direction of the drum 31, so that mud and soil can be reliably prevented from entering the seed reservoir 41.

[Seed supply]
As shown in FIG. 7, the seed stored in the drum 31 enters the seed pool 41 when the seed pool 41 of the spot seeding portion 33 passes through the open section of the band-shaped member 50. At that time, since the belt-like member 50 is opened obliquely rearward, the drum 31 rotates, and seeds filled in the drum 31 are supplied into the seed reservoir 41 when rising from the lower end. Thus, seeds are supplied when the seed reservoir 41 rises, so that a certain amount of seeds can be stably supplied to the seed reservoir 41.

[Protrusion for drainage]
As shown in FIG. 8, drainage protrusions 60 are provided on the outer surface of the drum 31. The drainage projection 60 is disposed around the spot seeding portion 33 (projection 32). In the drawing, the drainage projections 60 are arranged in a cross shape with the spot seeding portion 33 as the center.
As shown in FIG. 9, drainage grooves B are formed around the seeding position A by the spot seeding portion 33 by the drainage projections 60 simultaneously with the seeding by the spot seeding portion 33 accompanying the rotation of the drum 31. Thus, the drainage groove B formed with the rotational movement of the drum 31 facilitates the flow of water stored in the sowing position A after irrigation to the groove B, and the drainage at the sowing position A can be improved. . Therefore, germination of seeds that have been spotted and growth after germination are not inhibited.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the drainage projections 60 may be provided so as to cross obliquely. In this case, the drainage projections 60 intersect diagonally and are provided so that the projections are folded back at the end of the drum 31 so that the seamless groove B can be formed, so that the drainage performance is maximized. To the limit. Further, as shown in FIG. 11, the drainage protrusion 60 may be provided in a spiral shape from one end of the drum 31 to the other end. In this case as well, a seamless groove B can be formed.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the drainage projection 60 can also function as the PTO projection 34. That is, instead of the PTO projection 34, the drainage projection 60 is provided so as to protrude outwardly from the outer peripheral surface of the drum 31, and the drainage projection 60 is disposed obliquely and from the end of the drum 31 to the center. Arrange so that the direction is opposite. As a result, the drainage protrusion 60 comes into contact with the ground and becomes a rotational drive source of the drum 31. In this case, it is possible to cancel the thrust generated in the drum 31 by making the formation direction of the drainage projection 60 symmetrical when viewed from the center.

  The drainage projection 60 may be detachable from the drum 31 and may be replaced according to the hardness of the ground. Specifically, a guide having a predetermined profile is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the drum 31, and the drainage protrusion 60 having a different material and / or protrusion protrusion amount is fixed to the guide, or on the outer peripheral surface of the drum 31. It is possible to employ a configuration in which a plurality of bolt holes are provided and the drainage protrusions 60 having different materials and / or external profiles are bolted. Thus, it becomes possible to form the optimal drainage groove | channel by using the protrusion 60 for drainage which has a various characteristic according to conditions.

It is also possible to reduce the pitch of the drainage protrusions 60 to form a fine drainage groove to prevent bird damage. In this case, it can be realized by reducing the protruding amount of the drainage projection 60 and providing it densely on the outer peripheral surface of the drum 31.
Similarly, as an embodiment in which the drainage groove is finely formed, a brush, a rake or the like may be used instead of the groove formation by the drainage projection 60. For example, by disposing the brush behind the drum 31, it is possible to form a fine groove with a brush in the ground after spotting.
As another embodiment for preventing bird damage, a method of forming a clot around the sowing position may be employed. In this case, it is realizable by attaching the bucket which digs the ground soil in the predetermined location of the outer periphery of the drum 31. In addition, the structure which prevents bird damage by attaching a covering board etc. to the rear part of the drum type direct seeding machine 1, and covering after soiling can also be employ | adopted.

The drum on which the drainage protrusion 60 and the PTO protrusion 34 are formed is provided independently of the spotting drum 31, and the rotational power of the spotting drum 31 is mechanically or both from the drum on which the PTO protrusion 34 is formed. It is good also as a structure which transmits by the friction which contacted the drum.
It is also possible to provide a drum on which the drainage projection 60 is formed independently from the seeding drum 31. In such a case, the drum is driven by a chain drive by taking power from the transmission 4 or the rear axle case 9. It is possible to adopt a configuration in which it is rotated or rotated by a motor drive or the like. Further, a leveling work machine may be arranged in place of the drainage projection 60. According to this, it becomes possible to promote seed germination and growth by leveling immediately before spotting.

  In order to prevent clogging caused by mud adhering to the spot seeding portion 33, a blower for blowing air, a vibration plate for giving an impact to the drum 31, a scraper and a brush for covering the outer surface of the drum 31 are provided. Etc. can also be provided. Such a clogging prevention structure is preferably provided above the drum 31.

  In the drum type direct seeder 1, it is possible to connect the drum 31 in the width direction and to make a multi-strip. For example, the support shafts 36 of the adjacent drums 31 can be connected using a joint and can be extended in the width direction.

As shown in FIG. 13, the drum type direct seeder 1 may be configured to irrigate simultaneously with sowing.
An irrigation hole 80 is provided on the downstream side in the drum rotation direction of each point seeding portion 33 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the drum 31, and a hose 82 from a tank 81 for storing irrigation water is connected to the hole 80. For example, the tank 81 is disposed on the traveling machine body 2 side, the hose 82 is disposed extending from the support shaft 36 of the drum 31 toward each hole 80, and the extending portion follows the rotation of the drum 31. And is configured to be rotatable. In this way, by irrigating immediately after sowing by the spot sowing unit 33, an effect of promoting seed germination can be obtained. Water-soluble fertilizer may be mixed with the water in the tank 81.
Moreover, it is good also as a structure by which the supply of the seed to the spot seeding part 33 is performed via the hose 86 from the seed tank 85 arrange | positioned at the traveling body 2 side. In this case, by not filling the drum 31 with seeds, replenishment of seeds is simplified and the weight of the drum 31 can be reduced.

  1: drum type direct seeder, 31: drum, 32: protrusion, 33: spot seeding part, 34: protrusion for PTO, 41: seed reservoir, 42: shutter, 43: cam link mechanism, 44: cam, 45: link member, 46: biasing member, 47: arm, 50: belt-like member, 60: drainage protrusion, A: seeding position, B: drainage groove

Claims (5)

A drum type direct sowing machine that rotates seeds to seed seeds filled inside,
Providing a protrusion on the outer periphery of the drum, and providing a seeding part inside the protrusion,
A drum-type direct sowing machine characterized in that, after making a dent in the ground with the protrusion, the seed is sown in the dent at the spot sowing part.   The drum type direct seeder according to claim 1, wherein the drum includes a PTO protrusion that protrudes beyond the protrusion, and the drum rotates when the PTO protrusion contacts the ground.   The drum type direct seeder according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the drum is provided with a drainage protrusion around the spot sowing part, and a drainage groove is provided around the seed sowing position by the drainage protrusion. A belt-like member capable of isolating the internal space of the drum and the inside of the spot seeding part is provided along the drum rotation direction,
The band-shaped member has an open section that communicates the internal space of the drum and the internal space of the spot sowing section until the spot sowing section passes the sowing position and becomes horizontal, and other than the opening section, The drum type direct seeding machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an internal space of the drum and an inside of the spot seeding part are isolated. The seed sowing unit includes a seed reservoir for temporarily storing the seed therein, a shutter that communicates the seed reservoir and the outer periphery of the drum, and a cam link mechanism that opens and closes the shutter.
The shutter is opened toward the upstream side in the drum rotation direction,
The cam link mechanism is fixed to the cam so as not to rotate with respect to the rotation of the drum, contacts the cam, rotates around the cam as the drum rotates, and opens the shutter at a predetermined timing. The drum type according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising: a link member; and a biasing member that biases the link member toward the cam and constantly biases the shutter in a closing direction of the shutter. Direct sowing machine.

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