JP2016534281A - 選択的に変更可能な作業流体回路を有する熱機関システム - Google Patents
選択的に変更可能な作業流体回路を有する熱機関システム Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
- F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
- F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
- F01K7/34—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type; Use of steam for feed-water heating
- F01K7/40—Use of two or more feed-water heaters in series
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/12—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engines being mechanically coupled
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
- F01K7/32—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines using steam of critical or overcritical pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K9/00—Plants characterised by condensers arranged or modified to co-operate with the engines
- F01K9/02—Arrangements or modifications of condensate or air pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
- F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G5/00—Profiting from waste heat of combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02G5/02—Profiting from waste heat of exhaust gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/32—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters arranged to be heated by steam, e.g. bled from turbines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
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- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims (21)
- 高圧側および低圧側を有しかつそこを通って作業流体を流すように形成された作業流体回路と、
複数の排熱交換器と、
複数の回収熱交換器と、
前記作業流体回路と流体的に連結され、前記高圧側と前記低圧側との間に配置され、かつ、前記作業流体での圧力降下を機械エネルギーに変換するように形成された第1のエキスパンダと、
前記作業流体回路と流体的に連結され、前記高圧側と前記低圧側との間に配置され、かつ、前記作業流体での圧力降下を機械エネルギーに変換するように形成された第2のエキスパンダと、
前記作業流体回路の前記高圧側と前記低圧側との間で前記作業流体回路と流体的に連結しかつ前記作業流体回路内で前記作業流体を循環させまたは加圧するように形成された第1のポンプと、
前記作業流体回路の前記低圧側で前記作業流体と熱的に伝導するように形成されかつ前記作業流体回路の前記低圧側で前記作業流体から熱エネルギーを除去するように形成された第1の凝縮器とを有し、
前記排熱交換器の各々は、前記作業流体回路の前記高圧側と流体的に連結されかつ熱的に伝導し、熱源流と流体的に連結しかつ熱的に伝導し、かつ前記高圧側内で前記熱源流から前記作業流体に熱エネルギーを移動するように形成され、
前記回収熱交換器の各々は、前記作業流体回路と流体的に連結されかつ熱エネルギーを前記作業流体回路の前記高圧側と前記低圧側との間で移動するように形成された熱機関システム。 - 前記複数の排熱交換器は前記第1のエキスパンダまたは第2のエキスパンダの上流で前記作業流体回路の前記高圧側で直列に配置された請求項1に記載の熱機関システム。
- 前記複数の回収熱交換器は、前記第1のエキスパンダまたは前記第2のエキスパンダの上流で前記作業流体回路の前記高圧側で直列に配置された請求項1に記載の熱機関システム。
- 前記複数の回収熱交換器は、前記第1のエキスパンダまたは前記第2のエキスパンダの下流で前記作業流体回路の前記低圧側で直列に配置された請求項1に記載の熱機関システム。
- 前記第1の回収熱交換器は、前記低圧側で前記第1のエキスパンダの下流に配置され、前記第2の回収熱交換器は、前記低圧側で前記第2のエキスパンダの下流に配置された請求項4に記載の熱機関システム。
- 駆動シャフトによって前記第1のエキスパンダと連結した発電機をさらに有し、前記発電機または前記交流発電機は、前記機械エネルギーを電気エネルギーに変換するように形成された請求項1に記載の熱機関システム。
- 前記第1のエキスパンダおよび前記第2のエキスパンダと連結した駆動シャフトをさらに有し、前記駆動シャフトは、前記第1のポンプ、コンプレッサー、発電機、交流発電機またはこれらの組合せを前記機械エネルギーで駆動するように形成された請求項1に記載の熱機関システム。
- 前記作業流体回路と流体的に連結されかつ前記作業流体回路内で前記作業流体を循環させまたは加圧するように形成された第2のポンプと、
前記作業流体回路で前記作業流体と熱的に伝導しかつ前記作業流体回路で前記作業流体から熱エネルギーを除去するように形成された第2の凝縮器と、
前記作業流体回路と流体的に連結しかつ前記作業流体回路内で前記作業流体を循環させまたは加圧するように形成された第3のポンプと、
前記作業流体回路で前記作業流体と熱的に伝導しかつ前記作業流体回路で前記作業流体から熱エネルギーを除去するように形成された第3の凝縮器とをさらに有する請求項1に記載の熱機関システム。 - 前記作業流体回路の前記低圧側と流体的に連結しかつ熱的に伝導するプロセス加熱システムをさらに有する請求項1に記載の熱機関システム。
- 前記プロセス加熱システムは、前記作業流体回路の前記低圧側で前記作業流体から熱エネルギーを前記プロセス熱交換器を通して流れる熱伝導流体に移動するように形成されたプロセス熱交換器を有する請求項9に記載の熱機関システム。
- 前記プロセス熱交換器は、予熱工程の間に前記作業流体回路の前記低圧側で熱エネルギーを前記作業流体からメタンを有する流体に移動して加熱メタン流を形成するように形成され、前記熱源流は前記加熱メタン流を燃焼するように形成された熱源から引き出される請求項10に記載の熱機関システム。
- 高圧側および低圧側を有する作業流体回路を通して作業流体を加圧しかつ循環するように形成されたポンプと、
前記高圧側から前記作業流体を受け入れかつ前記作業流体での圧力降下を機械エネルギーに変換するように形成された第1のエキスパンダと、
熱源流の流路に沿って直列に配置され各々が熱エネルギーを前記熱源流から前記作業流体に移動しかつ選択的に前記高圧側に位置しまたは切り離されるように形成された複数の排熱交換器と、
前記低圧側を通り流れる作業流体から前記高圧側を通り流れる作業流体に熱エネルギーを移動しかつ前記高圧側および低圧側に選択的に位置しまたは切り離されるように形成された複数の回収熱交換器と、
各々が前記複数の排熱交換器のいずれが前記高圧側に位置し、前記複数の回収熱交換器のいずれが前記高圧側に位置し、前記複数の回収熱交換器のいずれが前記低圧側に位置するかについての選択的な制御を可能とするように駆動されるよう形成された複数の弁とを有する熱機関システム。 - 前記高圧側からの前記作業流体を受けて前記作業流体での圧力降下を機械エネルギーに変換するように形成された第2のエキスパンダをさらに有する請求項12に記載の熱機関システム。
- 開成位置にあって前記第2のエキスパンダを前記高圧側と流体的に連結しまたは閉成位置にあって前記高圧側から前記第2のエキスパンダを流体的に切り離すように形成された停止弁をさらに有する請求項13に記載の熱機関システム。
- 前記低圧側は、前記第2のエキスパンダから、前記複数の回収熱交換器を通り、凝縮器を通り、ポンプまでの作業流体流路を有する請求項13に記載の熱機関システム。
- 前記低圧側は前記第1のエキスパンダから、前記複数の回収熱交換器の1を通り、凝縮器を通り、ポンプまでの作業流体流路を有する請求項12に記載の熱機関システム。
- 前記低圧側と流体的に連結しかつ前記低圧側から前記高圧側への前記作業流体の移動を可能にするように形成されたポンプバイパス弁をさらに有する請求項12に記載の熱機関システム。
- 前記作業流体回路の前記低圧側と流体的に連結しかつ熱的に伝導する回収熱交換器バスシステムをさらに有する請求項12に記載の熱機関システム。
- 前記回収熱交換器バスシステムは、前記第1のエキスパンダの下流で前記作業流体回路および前記複数の回収熱交換器と流体的に連結した弁および流体ラインを有する請求項18に記載の熱機関システム。
- 高圧側および低圧側を有しかつそこを通って作業流体を流すように形成された作業流体回路と、
前記高圧側から前記作業流体を受けかつ前記作業流体での圧力降下を機械エネルギーに変換するように形成された第1のエキスパンダと、
前記高圧側から前記作業流体を受けかつ前記作業流体での前記圧力降下を機械エネルギーに変換するように形成された第2のエキスパンダと、
熱源流の流路に沿って直列に配置されかつ各々が熱エネルギーを前記熱源流から前記作業流体に移動しかつ前記高圧側に選択的に位置しまたは切り離されるように形成された複数の排熱交換器と、
各々が熱エネルギーを前記低圧側を通って流れる前記作業流体から前記高圧側を通って流れる前記作業流体にまで移動しかつ前記高圧側および前記低圧側に選択的に位置しまたは切り離されるように形成された複数の回収熱交換器と、
各々が複数の排熱交換器のいずれが前記高圧側に位置し、前記複数の回収熱交換器のいずれが前記高圧側に位置し、複数の回収熱交換器のいずれが前記低圧側に位置し、かつ前記第1のエキスパンダおよび前記第2のエキスパンダのいずれが前記高圧側から前記作業流体を受けるかに関する選択的な制御を可能とするように駆動されるよう形成された複数の弁とを有する熱機関システム。 - 前記作業流体回路の前記低圧側で前記作業流体と熱的に伝導しかつ前記作業流体回路の前記低圧側で前記作業流体から熱エネルギーを除去するように形成された凝縮器をさらに有する請求項20に記載の熱機関システム。
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EP3163029A1 (en) | 2017-05-03 |
KR102281175B1 (ko) | 2021-07-23 |
CN105765178A (zh) | 2016-07-13 |
US20150076831A1 (en) | 2015-03-19 |
EP3042049B1 (en) | 2019-04-10 |
BR112016004873B1 (pt) | 2023-04-25 |
KR20160125346A (ko) | 2016-10-31 |
CA2923403A1 (en) | 2015-03-12 |
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