JP2016527903A - 灌漑兼施肥システム用搬送管及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
灌漑兼施肥システム用搬送管及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/0076—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised in that the layers are not bonded on the totality of their surfaces
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- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
- F16L9/14—Compound tubes, i.e. made of materials not wholly covered by any one of the preceding groups
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract
Description
本発明は一般に灌漑兼施肥のシステム及び方法に関し、更に詳しくは、限定されるものではないが、植物の水分補給(hydration)及び栄養の要求に局所的に応答する搬送管の改良に関する。
農学的慣行には各種の灌漑兼施肥の評価及び搬送(delivery)方法が含まれる。通常、生産者は環境条件(即ち、降雨、土壌水分、pH、温度等)を測定し、及び/又は植物の生育季中に適用する水及び肥料の量を決めるために、植物の発育を観察する。灌漑兼施肥を提供する周知の方法も存在する。例えばスプリンクラーシステムや点滴ラインが一般に利用されている。
本発明の実施形態は、改良搬送管の製造方法及びこのような改良搬送管を含むシステムにより上記制限の1つ以上を克服することを探し出す。
植物の要求に局所的に応答する搬送管は、要求評価作業(needs assessment task)を簡素化し、搬送システムにおける分散制御の要求を低下させ、植物の収量を向上し、不十分な水及び肥料を節約し、また環境を重視するので有利である。
本発明の実施形態を示した図1〜14を参照して、以下に本発明の実施形態を更に十分説明する。しかし、本発明は多くの異なる形態で具体化することが可能であり、ここに挙げた実施形態に限定するものと解釈すべきでははい。以下の小見出しは、組織化の便宜のためだけであり、本発明の特徴は明細書のどこにでも記載することができる。図面において、物理的特徴は必ずしも一定の規模(scale)にする必要はない。同一の参照番号を繰り返す場合、これらの番号は同一か、或いはほぼ同様の特徴を指している。
本発明の実施形態は、種々異なる規模の農地に使用できる。図1は本発明の一実施形態による灌漑兼施肥システムの概略図である。図1に示す実施形態は、例えば家庭菜園又は他の小さな農地(plot)に利用できる。図1に示すように、小農地供給システム105は雨水を採集するように構成されている。小農地供給システム105は、継手125により多数搬送管115に連結されたヘッダーパイプ110を供給する(feed)。各搬送管115に隣接して作物群120が配置される。
図3〜8を参照して、以下に搬送管115の代りの構成を説明する。図3は本発明の一実施形態による搬送管の組立断面図である。図3に示すように、搬送管115の実施形態は、一般に応答側305から支持(backing)側310までの組立品(assembly)である。応答側305又はその少なくとも一部は、作物群120の根系からの根浸出物に応答する。支持側310は支持構造である。図3に示す実施形態では、得られる搬送管115は未使用時は本質的に“テープ状”又は“平置き(lay flat)”構造である。テープ状形式は、搬送管115を貯蔵及び分配のため、コンパクトに巻く(spool又はreel)ことができるので有利である。応答側305は、根浸出物に応答させるため、親水性重合体で処理した基板を含む。基板は石油系プラスチック重合体、例えばポリエチレン(PE)又はポリプロピレン(PP)の不織布を含む。
図9〜14を参照して、搬送管115の製造方法を説明する。
本明細書は、こうして改良された灌漑兼施肥搬送管、該搬送管の製造方法及び該搬送管を利用した好例のシステムについて説明した。以上説明したように、本発明の実施形態は安価な材料及び高処理量の製造方法を利用して応答性搬送管を作製する。その結果、手頃な末端ユーザー価格で販売できる搬送管が得られる。また以上説明した搬送管は使用耐久性も高い。こうして本発明の実施形態は、全体のリフトサイクル(lift cycle)コストが抵抗率の非応答性点滴灌漑システムに匹敵する高効率の植物応答性灌漑兼施肥搬送システムを可能にする。このシステムは小農地及び商業的農地の両方に恩恵をもたらす。
115 多数搬送管
110 ヘッダーパイプ
120 作物群
125 継手
130 側溝樋
140 下降樋
145 貯蔵タンク
150 蓋
155 スクリーンフイルター
160 溢流出口
165 遮断弁
170 供給システム出力
205 商業的栽培供給システム
210 井戸ポンプ
230 化学薬品噴射タンク
240 フイルター
245 圧力調節器
250 圧力計
305 応答側
310 支持側
405 溶接領域
605 基板
610 非塗工部分
615 塗工部分
705 基板
710 非塗工部分
715 塗工部分
805 基板
810 支持板
815 重複溶接
820 非塗工部分
825 塗工部分
1005 基板ウエブ
1015 塗工パン
1020 親水性重合体溶液
1025 プーリー
1030 マイヤーロッド(ドクターロッド)
1105 基板ウエブ
1115 塗工パン
1120 親水性重合体溶液
1125 プーリー
1130 スチールローラー
1135 ゴムローラー
1140 蓋
1205 基板ウエブ
1215 塗工パン
1220 親水性重合体溶液
1225 グラビアローラー
1230 ローラー
1235 スクレーパー(ドクター)ブレード
1305 搬送ウエブ
1310 線状溶接領域
1405 切り込み線
1410 切り込み線
1415 搬送管
1420 搬送管
1425 搬送管
Claims (17)
- 基板の少なくとも一部が親水性重合体で処理された該基板と、前記基板に連結された支持板(backer)とを含む搬送管であって、基板及び支持板が各々搬送管の機能的長さ沿いに配置されるように構成された前記搬送管。
- 基板がポリエチレン(PE)不織布を含み、支持板がPEを含む請求項1に記載の搬送管。
- 基板がDuPont Tyvekを含む請求項1に記載の搬送管。
- 支持板がメタロセンポリエチレン(PE)、低密度ポリエチレン(LDPE)、線状低密度ポリエチレン(LLDPE)、ポリプロピレン(PP)共重合体、ポリプロピレン(PP)単独重合体、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)、及びウレタンフイルムの少なくとも1種を含む請求項2に記載の搬送管。
- 基板がポリプロピレン(PP)不織布を含み、支持板がPPを含む請求項1に記載の搬送管。
- 親水性重合体がポリヒドロキシスチレン(PHS)共重合体を含む請求項1に記載の搬送管。
- 親水性重合体溶液を調製する工程、
前記基板の少なくとも一部に前記親水性重合体溶液を塗工して応答性ウエブを作製する工程、
前記応答性ウエブを乾燥する工程、及び
前記応答性ウエブを前記支持板に溶接して搬送管を形成する工程、
を含む請求項1記載の搬送管の製造方法。 - 前記調製工程が乾燥親水性粉末を溶剤と混合する工程を含む請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記塗工工程がグラビア塗工装置を用いて行われる請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記塗工工程が浸漬塗工装置を用いて行われる請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記浸漬塗工装置がマイヤー(Mayer)ロッドを含み、該マイヤーロッドは基板から過剰量の親水性重合体溶液を除去するように構成されている請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記浸漬塗工装置は、前記親水性重合体を入れるように構成されたパン(pan)、及び該パンに連結した蓋を含み、該蓋はパンの少なくとも一部を覆うように構成され、これにより前記浸漬塗工装置は塗工中、親水性重合体溶液からの溶剤の蒸発を制限するように構成されている請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記溶接工程は、親水性重合体溶液で処理されなかった基板の複数部分を支持板に結合させる請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記搬送ウエブを線状に切り込んで多数搬送管を形成する工程を更に含む請求項7に記載の方法。
- 請求項1記載の搬送管を含むと共に、液体(fluids)源と前記搬送管の間に連結された圧力調節器を含むシステム。
- 前記圧力調節器がダイヤフラム調節器である請求項15に記載のシステム。
- 前記圧力調節器が0.5〜2.1PSIの範囲の圧力出力を維持するように構成されている請求項15に記載のシステム。
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US13/968,447 US9309996B2 (en) | 2013-08-16 | 2013-08-16 | Delivery tube for irrigation and fertilization system and method for manufacturing same |
PCT/US2014/050903 WO2015023757A1 (en) | 2013-08-16 | 2014-08-13 | Delivery tube for irrigation and fertilization system and method for manufacturing same |
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WO2017118978A1 (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2017-07-13 | Amir Cohen | Mesh based irrigation system |
US10091956B2 (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2018-10-09 | Jutta M. Gietl | Subsurface irrigation systems and methods |
EP3525576B1 (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2020-12-02 | Responsive Drip Irrigation, LLC | Hybrid irrigation tubing |
CN114007408B (zh) * | 2019-07-16 | 2023-03-03 | 灵敏滴灌有限责任公司 | 能适应胁迫的灌溉与加肥灌溉 |
US11274448B1 (en) * | 2020-10-06 | 2022-03-15 | Stephen Horstmyer | Rain irrigation assembly |
CN115053733B (zh) * | 2022-05-30 | 2023-10-03 | 山东省葡萄研究院 | 一种葡萄干湿分区精准灌溉装置 |
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IL243834A (en) | 2016-09-29 |
CN105472973B (zh) | 2017-04-26 |
EP3032938A1 (en) | 2016-06-22 |
EP3032938A4 (en) | 2017-03-29 |
CY1123379T1 (el) | 2021-12-31 |
CA2920891C (en) | 2016-09-06 |
EP3032938B1 (en) | 2020-07-01 |
HK1216589A1 (zh) | 2016-11-25 |
JP5999863B2 (ja) | 2016-09-28 |
ES2821392T3 (es) | 2021-04-26 |
WO2015023757A1 (en) | 2015-02-19 |
US20150050087A1 (en) | 2015-02-19 |
IL243834A0 (en) | 2016-04-21 |
US9309996B2 (en) | 2016-04-12 |
CN105472973A (zh) | 2016-04-06 |
DK3032938T3 (da) | 2020-09-28 |
CA2920891A1 (en) | 2015-02-19 |
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