JP2016526907A - 泌乳反芻動物用飼料 - Google Patents
泌乳反芻動物用飼料 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016526907A JP2016526907A JP2016531590A JP2016531590A JP2016526907A JP 2016526907 A JP2016526907 A JP 2016526907A JP 2016531590 A JP2016531590 A JP 2016531590A JP 2016531590 A JP2016531590 A JP 2016531590A JP 2016526907 A JP2016526907 A JP 2016526907A
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- moiety
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- feed
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- fatty acid
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Landscapes
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Abstract
Description
本願明細書に示される記述に関して、「反芻動物」は、複数の空洞が存在する胃を有する哺乳類であって、この胃は、胃の第一空洞(反芻胃)の中でセルロース系食料を軟化し、そして、半消化された塊を逆流させることによって、セルロース系食料を消化する能力を動物に与えている。反芻食塊として知られている逆流物は、次に、反芻動物によって再び咀嚼される。反芻動物の具体的な例として、ウシ、バイソン、バッファロー、ヤク、ラクダ、ラマ、キリン、シカ、エダツノカモシカ、アンテロープ、ヒツジ及びヤギが挙げられるが、これらに限定されるものではない。反芻動物によって生産されるミルクは、様々な乳製品に広く使用されている。乳牛は、ミルク及び加工乳製品(例えばヨーグルト、チーズ、ホエー及びアイスクリーム)の製造において商業的に相当重要である。
- 約10.1wt%から約57wt%、又は約10.5wt%から約45wt%、又は約10.5wt%から約40wt%、又は約10.5wt%から約30wt%、又は約10.5wt%から約20wt%、又は約11wt%から約14wt%の量であってもよい全脂肪;
- 約10.1wt%から約50wt%、又は約10.1wt%から約35wt%、又は約10.1wt%から約25wt%の量であってもよい、誘導体化されたパルミチン酸;
- 約15wt%から約50wt%、又は約16wt%から約40wt%、又は約17wt%から約35wt%の量であってもよいタンパク質;
及び
- 約4wt%から約50wt%、又は約6wt%から約45wt%、又は約8wt%から約40wt%、又は約12wt%から約35wt%の量にあるデンプンを含んでいてもよく、
誘導体化されたパルミチン酸の量は、総脂肪の少なくとも約40wt%又は少なくとも約45wt%又は少なくとも約50wt%又は少なくとも約55wt%又は少なくとも約60wt%又は少なくとも約65wt%又は少なくとも約70wt%又は少なくとも約75wt%又は少なくとも約80wt%又は少なくとも約85wt%又は少なくとも約90wt%であってもよい。
(実施例2に示す)飼料成分と、誘導体化されたパルミチン酸を少なくとも約90%含む誘導体化された脂肪酸部分とを混合する。誘導体化された脂肪酸部分は、誘導体化された脂肪酸部分の融点が少なくとも約60℃でありヨウ素価が最高でも4であるように選択される。誘導体化された脂肪酸部分を他の飼料成分(原材料)と共に、ブレンダーにて約3分間混合し、乳化剤を加え、そして、誘導体化された脂肪酸成分をゆっくり溶かして、乳化剤の助けをかりて飼料粒子の内部及びその表面に均一に広げるために、誘導体化された脂肪酸部分の融点を超える、低くても約10℃高くても約85℃の温度で約20分間、長期コンディショナー中にて飼料素材と一緒に乳化剤及び脂肪酸を加熱する。
以下の3つの組成物は、乳腺への血中グルコース及び血中パルミチン酸の供給を増加させる誘導体化された脂肪酸(N-パルミトイルグリシン)を含む飼料組成物(重量%)の例である。この飼料は、実施例1にて説明したように調製することができる。
給餌実験は、約2ヵ月間実行する。従来型の完全飼料を、以下の組成のもの(wt%)を含む、誘導体化された脂肪酸(N-パルミトイルグリシン)含有飼料に置き換える。
予想される結果は、脂肪及びタンパク質濃度だけでなくミルク生産が著しく増加することを示している。加えて、ミルク生産(kl)のための代謝エネルギー摂取の利用効率として測定される飼料の利用度も大幅に向上する。
Claims (54)
- 反芻動物のための栄養物であって、誘導体化部分によって誘導体化された少なくとも一つの脂肪酸部分を含む、栄養物。
- 前記脂肪酸部分は、前記誘導体化部分に共有結合的に結合されている、請求項1に記載の栄養物。
- 前記脂肪酸部分及び誘導体化部分は、エステル結合、アミド結合、ホスホナート結合、スルホネート結合、カルバメート結合、炭酸結合又はそれらの組み合わせによって共有結合的に結合されている、請求項1に記載の栄養物。
- 前記脂肪酸部分及び誘導体化部分は、ジオール、トリオール、ジアミン及びトリアミンのうちの少なくとも一つから誘導される連結要素によって共有結合的に結合されている、請求項1に記載の栄養物。
- 誘導体化部分によって誘導体化された前記脂肪酸部分は、XがO、N、S、P及びCからなる群より選択される約1から約20個の原子の連結基である、脂肪酸部分-CO-X-誘導体化部分によって表される構造式を有する、請求項1に記載の栄養物。
- 前記連結基は、アルキレン、アルケニレン、アルキニレン、アリーレン、アリーレン、シクロアルキレン、ヘテロアリーレン、ヘテロシクレン(heterocyclene)、アシル、アミド、アシロキシ、ウレタニレン(urethanylene)、チオエステル、ホスホニル、スルホニル、スルホンアミド、スルホニルエステル、-0-、-P-、-S-、-NH-、置換アミン又はそれらの組み合わせより独立して選択される、直鎖又は分岐、置換又は非置換二価部分を含む、請求項5に記載の栄養物。
- 前記脂肪酸部分は、飽和脂肪酸部分である、請求項1に記載の栄養物。
- 前記飽和脂肪酸部分は、パルミチン酸、ステアリン酸、カプリル酸、カプリン酸、ラウリン酸、ミリスチン酸、ヘキサン酸、酪酸又はそれらの組み合わせの部分を含む、請求項7に記載の栄養物。
- 前記脂肪酸部分は、不飽和脂肪酸部分である、請求項1に記載の栄養物。
- 前記不飽和脂肪酸部分は、ミリストレイン酸、パルミトレイン酸、オレイン酸、リノール酸、リノレン酸又はそれらの組み合わせの部分を含む、請求項9に記載の栄養物。
- 前記誘導体化部分は、アミノ酸、抗酸化剤、補酵素A、ホスファチジルコリン、単糖、糖生成前駆体又はそれらの組み合わせの部分を含む、請求項1に記載の栄養物。
- 前記アミノ酸は、ロイシン、リジン、ヒスチジン、バリン、アルギニン、スレオニン、イソロイシン、フェニルアラニン、メチオニン、トリプトファン、アラニン、アスパラギン、アスパルテート、システイン、グルタメート、グルタミン、グリシン、プロリン、セリン、チロシン又はそれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項11に記載の栄養物。
- 前記抗酸化剤は、アルファ-カロチン、ベータ-カロチン、エトキシキン、BHA、BHT、クリプトキサンチン、キサントフィル、リコペン、ゼアキサンチン、ビタミンA、ビタミンC、ビタミンE、ビタミンK、セレニウム、アルファ-リポ酸又はそれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項11に記載の栄養物。
- 前記単糖は、グルコース、ガラクトース、ラクトース、フルクトース又はそれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項11に記載の栄養物。
- 前記糖生成前駆体は、グリセリン、プロピレングリコール、糖蜜、プロピオナート、グリセリン、プロパンジオール、プロピオン酸カルシウム、プロピオン酸、オクタン酸又はそれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項11に記載の栄養物。
- 誘導体化部分によって誘導体化された少なくとも一つの前記脂肪酸部分は、1,2-ジパルミトイル-sn-グリセロ-3-ホスファチジルコリン、パルミトイル補酵素A、N-パルミトイルグリシン、パルミトイルカルニチン及びN-パルミトイル-β-アラニル-L-ヒスチジンのうちの少なくとも一つを含む、請求項1に記載の栄養物。
- 前記栄養物は、飼料であり、糖質源、窒素源、アミノ酸、アミノ酸誘導体、糖生成前駆体、ビタミン、ミネラル及び抗酸化剤のうちの少なくとも一つを更に含む、請求項1に記載の栄養物。
- 前記糖質源は、微細藻類、砂糖ビートパルプ、サトウキビ、コムギふすま、オートムギ外皮、穀物外皮、大豆皮、落花生殻、木、醸造所副産物、飲料産業副産物、葉菜類、繊維質食料、糖蜜、糖、デンプン、セルロース、ヘミセルロース、コムギ、コーン、オートムギ、モロコシ、雑穀、オオムギ、オオムギ繊維、オオムギ外皮、オオムギミドリング粉、オオムギぬか、麦芽用オオムギスクリーニング物、麦芽用オオムギ及びその微粉、モルト細根、トウモロコシふすま、トウモロコシミドリング粉、トウモロコシコッブ、トウモロコシスクリーニング物、トウモロコシ繊維、キビ、イネ、米糠、イネミドリング粉、ライムギ、ライコムギ、醸造穀物、コーヒー粉砕物、茶葉「微粉」、柑橘類果実パルプ、皮残渣又はそれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項17に記載の栄養物。
- 前記窒素源は、微細藻類、油料種子粉末、大豆粉末、ビーン粉末、ナタネ粉末、ヒマワリ粉末、ココナッツ粉末、オリーブ粉末、亜麻仁粉末、ブドウ種子粉末、蒸留酒製造での乾燥穀物固体、カメリナ粉末、カメリナエキスペラー、綿実粉末、綿実エキスペラー、亜麻仁エキスペラー、パーム粉末、パーム核かす、パームエキスペラー、ナタネエキスペラー、ジャガイモタンパク質、オリーブパルプ、ソラマメ、エンドウ、コムギ胚芽、トウモロコシ胚芽、トウモロコシ胚芽圧縮繊維粉末残渣、トウモロコシ胚芽タンパク質粉末、ホエータンパク濃縮物、ミルクタンパクスラリー、ミルクタンパク質粉末、動物タンパク質又はそれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項17に記載の栄養物。
- 前記アミノ酸は、ロイシン、リジン、ヒスチジン、バリン、アルギニン、スレオニン、イソロイシン、フェニルアラニン、メチオニン、トリプトファン、アラニン、アスパラギン、アスパルテート、システイン、グルタメート、グルタミン、グリシン、プロリン、セリン、チロシン又はそれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項17に記載の栄養物。
- 前記アミノ酸誘導体は、ロイシン誘導体、リジン誘導体、ヒスチジン誘導体、バリン誘導体、アルギニン誘導体、スレオニン誘導体、イソロイシン誘導体、フェニルアラニン誘導体、メチオニン誘導体、トリプトファン誘導体、アラニン誘導体、アスパラギン誘導体、アスパルテート誘導体、システイン誘導体、グルタメート誘導体、グルタミン誘導体、グリシン誘導体、プロリン誘導体、セリン誘導体、チロシン誘導体又はそれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項17に記載の栄養物。
- 前記糖生成前駆体は、グリセリン、プロピレングリコール、糖蜜、プロピオナート、グリセリン、プロパンジオール、プロピオン酸カルシウム、プロピオン酸、オクタン酸、蒸気分解おがくず、蒸気分解木材チップ、蒸気分解コムギわら又はそれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項17に記載の栄養物。
- 前記ビタミンは、ビタミンA、ビタミンC、ビタミンD、ビタミンE、ビタミンK、ビタミンB1、ビタミンB2、パントテン酸、ナイアシン、ビオチン、コリン、カルニチン又はそれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項17に記載の栄養物。
- 前記ミネラルは、Ca、Na、Mg、P、K、Mn、Zn、Se、Cu、I、Fe、Co、Mo又はそれらの組み合わせの塩を含む、請求項17に記載の栄養物。
- 前記抗酸化剤は、アルファ-カロチン、ベータ-カロチン、エトキシキン、BHA、BHT、クリプトキサンチン、キサントフィル、リコペン、ゼアキサンチン、ビタミンA、ビタミンC、ビタミンE、セレニウム、アルファ-リポ酸又はそれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項17に記載の栄養物。
- 前記飼料は、約5wt%未満のトランス脂肪酸を含む、請求項17に記載の栄養物。
- 前記飼料は、実質的にトランス脂肪酸を含まない、請求項17に記載の栄養物。
- 前記飼料は、トランス脂肪酸を含まない、請求項17に記載の栄養物。
- 誘導体化部分によって誘導体化された前記脂肪酸部分は、少なくとも約5wt%の濃度で前記飼料に存在する、請求項17に記載の栄養物。
- 誘導体化部分によって誘導体化された少なくとも一つの脂肪酸部分を提供するステップと、
前記飼料組成物を作るために、誘導体化部分によって誘導体化された前記脂肪酸部分の少なくとも一つと、少なくとも一つの栄養物とを組み合わせるステップと、を有する、反芻動物用飼料組成物の製造方法。 - 前記脂肪酸部分は、前記誘導体化部分に共有結合的に結合されている、請求項30に記載の方法。
- 前記脂肪酸部分は、パルミチン酸、ステアリン酸、カプリル酸、カプリン酸、ラウリン酸、ミリスチン酸、ヘキサン酸、酪酸、ミリストレイン酸、パルミトレイン酸、オレイン酸、リノール酸、リノレン酸又はそれらの組み合わせの部分であり、
前記誘導体化部分は、アミノ酸、抗酸化剤、補酵素A、ホスファチジルコリン、単糖、糖生成前駆体又はそれらの組み合わせの部分である、請求項30に記載の方法。 - 誘導体化部分によって誘導体化された前記脂肪酸部分は、XがO、N、S、P及びCからなる群より選択される約1から約20個の原子の連結基である、脂肪酸部分-CO-X-誘導体化部分によって表される構造式を有する、請求項30に記載の方法。
- 前記連結基は、アルキレン、アルケニレン、アルキニレン、アリーレン、アリーレン、シクロアルキレン、ヘテロアリーレン、ヘテロシクレン(heterocyclene)、アシル、アミド、アシロキシ、ウレタニレン(urethanylene)、チオエステル、ホスホニル、スルホニル、スルホンアミド、スルホニルエステル、-0-、-P-、-S-、-NH-、置換アミン又はそれらの組み合わせより独立して選択される、直鎖又は分岐、置換又は非置換二価部分である、請求項33に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも一つの栄養物は、少なくとも一つの糖質源及び少なくとも一つの窒素源である、請求項30に記載の方法。
- 前記組み合わせるステップは、前記少なくとも一つの栄養物をコートすることと前記少なくとも一つの栄養物に染み込ませることのうちの少なくとも一つをおこない、前記飼料組成物を作るために、誘導体化部分によって誘導体化された少なくとも一つの前記脂肪酸部分を加熱するステップを含む、請求項30に記載の方法。
- 脂肪酸粒子を製造するために、誘導体化部分によって誘導体化された少なくとも一つの前記脂肪酸部分をキャリアに共有結合的に結合させるステップと、
飼料混合物を形成するために前記脂肪酸粒子と前記栄養物とを混合するステップと、
前記飼料混合物をペレット化するステップと、を更に含む、請求項30に記載の方法。 - 前記飼料組成物を飼料ペレットにペレット化するステップと、前記飼料組成物を飼料ペレットに押出すステップのうちの少なくとも一つを更に含む、請求項30に記載の方法。
- 泌乳反芻動物によって生産されるミルク量及び泌乳反芻動物によって生産されるミルク中の乳脂肪分のうちの少なくとも一つを増加させる方法であって、誘導体化部分によって誘導体化された少なくとも一つの脂肪酸部分を有する飼料組成物を前記泌乳反芻動物に給餌するステップを有する方法。
- 前記脂肪酸部分は、前記誘導体化部分に共有結合的に結合されている、請求項39に記載の方法。
- 前記脂肪酸部分及び誘導体化部分は、エステル結合、アミド結合、ホスホナート結合、スルホネート結合、カルバメート結合、炭酸結合又はそれらの組み合わせによって共有結合的に結合されている、請求項39に記載の方法。
- 誘導体化部分によって誘導体化された前記脂肪酸部分は、XがO、N、S、P及びCからなる群より選択される約1から約20個の原子の連結基である、脂肪酸部分-CO-X-誘導体化部分によって表される構造式を有する、請求項39に記載の方法。
- 前記連結基は、アルキレン、アルケニレン、アルキニレン、アリーレン、アリーレン、シクロアルキレン、ヘテロアリーレン、ヘテロシクレン(heterocyclene)、アシル、アミド、アシロキシ、ウレタニレン(urethanylene)、チオエステル、ホスホニル、スルホニル、スルホンアミド、スルホニルエステル、-0-、-P-、-S-、-NH-、置換アミン又はそれらの組み合わせより独立して選択される、直鎖又は分岐、置換又は非置換二価部分である、請求項42に記載の方法。
- 前記脂肪酸部分は、パルミチン酸、ステアリン酸、カプリル酸、カプリン酸、ラウリン酸、ミリスチン酸、ヘキサン酸、酪酸又はそれらの組み合わせの部分であり、
前記誘導体化部分は、アミノ酸、抗酸化剤、補酵素A、ホスファチジルコリン、単糖、糖生成前駆体又はそれらの組み合わせの部分である、請求項39に記載の方法。 - 前記脂肪酸部分は、パルミチン酸の部分である、請求項39に記載の方法。
- パルミチン酸部分は、少なくとも約4wt%の濃度で前記飼料組成物に存在する、請求項45に記載の方法。
- パルミチン酸部分は、少なくとも約10wt%の濃度で前記飼料組成物に存在する、請求項45に記載の方法。
- 前記飼料は、約5wt%未満のトランス脂肪酸を含む、請求項39に記載の方法。
- 前記飼料は、トランス脂肪酸を実質的に含まない、請求項39に記載の方法。
- 前記パルミチン酸部分は、少なくとも約10wt%の濃度で前記飼料組成物に存在し、
前記飼料は、トランス脂肪酸を実質的に含まない、請求項45に記載の方法。 - 前記飼料組成物は、糖質源、窒素源、糖生成前駆体、ビタミン、ミネラル、アミノ酸とアミノ酸誘導体からなる群より選択される少なくとも一つの追加の飼料成分を含む、請求項39に記載の方法。
- 前記脂肪酸部分は、パルミチン酸の部分であり、
前記泌乳反芻動物に給餌するステップは、1日分の量として約0.2kgから約1kgのパルミチン酸部分を泌乳反芻動物に提供する飼料組成物の量で泌乳反芻動物に提供するステップを含む、請求項39に記載の方法。 - 前記脂肪酸部分は、パルミチン酸の部分であり、
前記泌乳反芻動物に給餌するステップは、
前記泌乳反芻動物に対して1日当たり生産されるミルクの平均量を決定するステップと、
1日分の量として約1gから約30gのパルミチン酸部分/(1日当たり生産される)kgミルクを前記泌乳反芻動物に提供する前記飼料組成物の量で前記泌乳反芻動物に提供するステップと、を含む、請求項39に記載の方法。 - 前記脂肪酸部分は、パルミチン酸の部分であり、
前記泌乳反芻動物に給餌するステップは、
前記泌乳反芻動物に対して1日当たり生産されるミルクの平均量を決定するステップと、
1日分の量として約10gのパルミチン酸部分/(1日当たり生産される)kgミルクを前記泌乳反芻動物に提供する前記飼料組成物の量を前記泌乳反芻動物に提供するステップと、を含む、請求項39に記載の方法。
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EP (1) | EP3027059A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2016526907A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20160045075A (ja) |
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US10524497B2 (en) | 2014-03-13 | 2020-01-07 | Cornell University | Extrusion of agro-food industry byproducts and protein concentrates into value-added foods |
US10609938B2 (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2020-04-07 | Nutes Oy | Feed composition for reducing ammonia produced in animal agriculture and methods for making and using the feed composition |
CN104621411B (zh) * | 2015-02-12 | 2018-04-27 | 扬州大学 | 一种提高原料乳乳脂率的长链脂肪酸组合瘤胃调控剂及其使用方法 |
CN105410390A (zh) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-03-23 | 扬州大学 | 一种促进反刍动物幼畜瘤胃发育瘤胃调控剂 |
CN106234770A (zh) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-12-21 | 湖南晶天科技实业有限公司 | 一种饲料添加剂、其应用与一种饲料 |
RU2621315C1 (ru) * | 2016-11-07 | 2017-06-01 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт использования техники и нефтепродуктов в сельском хозяйстве" (ФГБНУ ВНИИТиН) | Комбикорм для дойных коров |
KR102137024B1 (ko) | 2018-05-24 | 2020-08-28 | 주식회사 모닝바이오 | 이유자돈의 일당증체량을 증진시키는 방법 |
RU2744381C1 (ru) * | 2020-06-25 | 2021-03-09 | Федеральное Государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Федеральный научный центр биологических систем и агротехнологий российской академии наук" | Кормовая добавка для крупного рогатого скота |
CN113068770A (zh) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-07-06 | 内蒙古英格苏生物科技有限公司 | 一种骆驼泌乳期精料补充料及其制备方法 |
KR102473715B1 (ko) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-12-05 | 영동양돈 영농조합법인 | 커피가 함유된 가축용 보조사료의 제조방법 |
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CA2919432A1 (en) | 2015-02-05 |
US20160192678A1 (en) | 2016-07-07 |
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