JP2016504062A - 広ジオプトリー範囲のリアルタイムシーケンシャル波面センサーを操作するための装置および方法 - Google Patents
広ジオプトリー範囲のリアルタイムシーケンシャル波面センサーを操作するための装置および方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2012年11月7日に出願された、「Apparatus and Method for Operating a Real Time Large Diopter Range Sequential Wavefront Sensor」と題する米国仮特許出願第61/723,531号からの優先権を主張するものである。
本発明の1つまたは複数の態様は、全般的に、視力矯正手技での使用のための波面センサーに関する。特に、本発明は、リアルタイムシーケンシャル波面センサーおよび該波面センサーと関連する他のサブアセンブリーのデータを駆動し、制御し、かつ処理するための電子機器およびアルゴリズムに関する。
ヒト眼波面の特徴付けのための従来の波面センサーは、概して、室内照明を弱めるかまたはオフにした状態で患者の眼波面の1つのスナップ写真または幾つかのスナップ写真を撮るように設計されている。これらの波面センサーは、一般に、波面データを取り込むためにCCDまたはCMOSイメージセンサーを使用し、波面収差を解明するために比較的複雑なデータ処理アルゴリズムを使用する必要がある。CCDまたはCMOSイメージセンサーが、概して限られた数のグレースケールを有し、かつ1/fノイズ範囲を十分に上回るフレームレートでの操作がなされ得ないという事実に起因して、これらの波面センサーは、ロックイン検出スキームを最大限に活用してより高い信号対ノイズ比を提供するといったことができない。それらは、単純なアルゴリズムを使用して波面収差を迅速に導き出すことができない。結果として、これらの波面センサーが手術用顕微鏡のような眼科デバイスと一体化されているとき、それらは概して、正確で/再現性のあるリアルタイム波面収差測定を、特に顕微鏡の照明光をオンにした状態で、提供することができない。
ここで、本発明の種々の態様を詳細に言及する。これらの態様の例は、添付の図面に図示される。本発明は、これらの態様と共に説明されるが、本発明をいかなる態様にも限定する意図はないことが理解されるであろう。それどころか、添付の特許請求の範囲によって定義されるとおりの本発明の精神および範囲の範囲内に含まれ得るような代替物、変更物および同等物を含むことが意図される。以下の説明において、多数の具体的な詳細が、種々の態様の完全な理解を提供するために記載される。しかしながら、本発明は、これらの具体的な詳細の幾つかまたは全てを行わずに実践されてもよい。他の例では、周知のプロセス操作は、本発明を不必要に不明瞭にせず、本発明に限定も与えないために、詳細に説明されていない。さらに、本明細書中の種々の場所での語句「例示的態様」の各出現は、必ずしも同じ例示的態様を指すものではない。
式中、A、B、CおよびDは、象限検出器の対応する各感光性区域の信号強度を表し、分母(A+B+C+D)は、測定を正規化するために使用され、そのため、光源強度変動の影響が取り消され得る。式(1)は、セントロイド位置に関する局所チルトを計算するのに完全には正確ではないが、それは適切な近似値であることに留意すべきである。実際には、何らかの数学を使用する式および内蔵アルゴリズムによって誘導される可能性がある像スポット位置誤差をさらに補正する必要があり得る。
X=(A+B-C-D)/(A+B+C+D)
Y=(A+D-B-C)/(A+B+C+D)
X'=PrimeA*X/(1-X2/PrimeB)
Y'=PrimeB*Y/(1-Y2/PrimeB)
式中、PrimeAおよびPrimeBは定数である。
Claims (6)
- 対象の眼の照明のための光ビームを出力するように構成された光源172と;
光ビームを遮断しかつ光ビームを対象の眼に向けるように構成された第1のビーム偏向素子180と;
光源およびビーム偏向素子に連結され、対象の眼の横方向の動きを補償すべくビーム偏向素子を制御するように構成されたコントローラー410と
を含む、波面センサー。 - 対象の眼の画像を出力するように構成された画像検出器162
をさらに含む波面センサーであって、コントローラーが、該画像検出器に接続され、かつ対象の眼の横方向の動きを判定すべく画像を処理するようにさらに構成されている、請求項1に記載の波面センサー。 - コントローラーが、眼の横方向の動きを追跡すべく第1のビーム偏向素子を制御するようにさらに構成されている、請求項2に記載の波面センサー。
- 光源がスーパールミネセントダイオードである、請求項1に記載の波面センサー。
- ビーム偏向素子が微小電気機械システム(MEMS)リフレクターである、請求項1に記載の波面センサー。
- 光ビームを受け取りかつ光ビームを対象の眼に向けるように構成された第2のビーム偏向素子182
をさらに含む波面センサーであって、コントローラーが、光エネルギーをより大きな領域にわたって拡散させるために対象の眼の網膜の小さい部分の周囲の光ビームをスキャンすべく第2のビーム偏向素子を制御するようにさらに構成されている、請求項1に記載の波面センサー。
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