JP2016204848A - Vertical shaft construction method and underground storage tank construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To propose a vertical shaft construction method and an underground storage tank construction method, which enable a raising work to be simply and continuously conducted even if there is a banking part on outer periphery on the ground.SOLUTION: A vertical shaft construction method and an underground storage tank construction method comprise the steps of: forming an underground continuous wall 6 into cylindrical shape; forming an above-ground wall 71 on a top edge of the underground continuous wall 6; and drilling a foundation surrounded by the underground continuous wall 6 and raising banking material containing drilling surplus soil generated by the foundation drilling on an outer periphery of the underground continuous wall 6. The drilling surplus soil is transported to a banking place from a drilling place by a tower crane set on the ground.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for constructing a shaft having a banking portion around the outside of the ground and a method for constructing an underground storage tank.

When embankment is performed around a vertical shaft, if the excavation residual soil generated by excavation of the vertical shaft is used as the embankment material, labor and cost required for carrying out the excavation residual soil can be reduced.
For example, in an LNG underground tank (underground storage tank) or the like, a banking part may be formed by building up excavation residual soil on the outer peripheral part of the chassis after the construction of the chassis.

In Patent Document 1, as a construction method of an underground tank having an embankment part, a cylindrical underground wall is constructed in the ground and a concrete wall corresponding to the outer diameter of the tank is formed on the ground part. A method is disclosed in which the excavated residual soil generated by excavating the ground surrounded by is erected around the outer periphery of the concrete.
The excavated residual soil is carried to the ground by a crawler crane or the like disposed around the underground continuous wall, and then transported to the embankment site by a transporting vehicle or the like traveling on the upper surface of the embankment.

JP-A-53-030143

  The conventional embankment portion needs to be laid up with a longitudinal gradient that allows the transport vehicle to travel, and must be paved so that the upper surface of the embankment can be used as a temporary road. For this reason, it was necessary to confirm that the embankment construction had ensured the longitudinal gradient and trafficability that the transport vehicle can travel, which was troublesome. Moreover, it is necessary to set it as the construction plan which completes the temporary road of the upper surface of embankment according to the movement time of a transport vehicle.

  From this point of view, the present invention is a method for constructing a shaft and a subterranean type, which enables simple and continuous embedding work even when the embankment is provided around the outside of the ground. The problem is to propose a method for constructing a storage tank.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the shaft construction method of the present invention includes a step of forming an underground continuous wall in a cylindrical shape, a step of forming a ground wall at an upper end of the underground continuous wall, and the underground continuous And excavating the ground surrounded by the wall, and embedding the embankment material including excavation residual soil generated by the excavation of the ground around the outer periphery of the underground continuous wall, a tower provided on the ground The excavation residual soil is conveyed from the excavation site to the embankment site by a crane.

  The underground storage tank construction method of the present invention is surrounded by the step of forming the underground continuous wall into a cylindrical shape, the step of forming the ground wall at the upper end of the underground continuous wall, and the underground continuous wall. Excavating the ground, and embedding a banking material containing excavation residual soil generated by excavating the ground around the outer periphery of the underground continuous wall, and side walls along the inner surface of the underground continuous wall and the ground wall And a step of transporting the remaining excavated soil from the excavation site to the embankment site by a tower crane provided on the ground part.

  According to the construction method of the vertical shaft and the construction method of the underground storage tank, since the tower crane is used as a means for transporting the excavated residual soil, no transport vehicle is required. Therefore, it is not necessary to ensure the longitudinal gradient and trafficability that the transport vehicle can travel on the upper surface of the embankment. Therefore, the embankment can be constructed easily and continuously.

  According to the shaft construction method and underground storage tank construction method of the present invention, it is possible to simply and continuously perform the erection work around the outside of the above-ground part.

(A) Sectional drawing which shows the underground type storage tank which concerns on embodiment of this invention, (b) is the same top view. It is a figure which shows the initial excavation state after underground continuous wall construction in the construction method of an underground type storage tank, Comprising: (a) is sectional drawing, (b) is a top view. (A) And (b) is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the junction part of a segment ring and an underground continuous wall. It is an expanded sectional view which shows a part of embankment part. It is a figure which shows the construction condition following FIG. 2, (a) is sectional drawing, (b) is a top view. It is sectional drawing which shows the construction condition following FIG. (A) is sectional drawing which shows the construction condition following FIG. 6, (b) is an enlarged view which shows a part of (a).

  As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, an underground storage tank 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a bottom plate 2, a side wall 3 standing on the bottom plate 2, and a top portion of a space surrounded by the side wall 3. The roof 4 is shielded, the shaft 5 is formed around the side wall 3, and the membrane 10 is attached to the bottom plate 2 and the inner surface of the side wall 3.

The bottom plate 2 is a concrete structure formed so as to cover the lower surface of the membrane 10 as shown in FIG. A bottom heater (not shown) is embedded in the bottom plate 2 as necessary.
A drainage layer (not shown) is formed below the bottom plate 2 as necessary. Although the structure of a drainage layer is not limited, For example, what is necessary is just to form by spreading a crushed stone etc.

  The side wall 3 is a concrete structure erected on the peripheral edge of the bottom slab 2. The side wall 3 of the present embodiment has a circular shape (cylindrical shape) in plan view as shown in FIG. Moreover, what is necessary is just to set the wall thickness and wall height of the side wall 3 suitably.

As shown in FIG. 1A, the roof 4 is formed at the upper end of the side wall 3 and covers the upper surface of the membrane 10.
The peripheral edge of the roof 4 is fixed to the upper end of the side wall 3.
In this embodiment, the roof 4 is formed of a steel member, but the roof 4 may be formed of, for example, a concrete member.

The vertical shaft 5 includes a continuous underground wall 6, a ground wall 71 formed by a segment ring 7, and a banking portion 8.
As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the continuous underground wall 6 is formed in a cylindrical shape so as to surround the outer periphery of the side wall 3.
The lower end of the continuous underground wall 6 reaches the poorly permeable layer below the bottom plate 2. The height of the continuous underground wall 6 and the position in the depth direction are not limited. The wall thickness of the continuous underground wall 6 is not limited and may be set as appropriate, but in the present embodiment, the wall thickness is in the range of 1 to 1.5 m.
Further, a side heater (not shown) is disposed on the continuous underground wall 6 as necessary. The configuration of the side heater is not limited.

As shown in FIG. 1A, the ground wall 71 is formed by laminating a plurality of stages of segment rings 7, 7, 7 on the continuous underground wall 6. In the present embodiment, three segment rings 7 are laminated, but the number of segment rings 7 is not limited, and depends on the design height of the embankment portion 8 and the height per segment ring 7 or the like. May be set as appropriate.
As shown in FIG. 1B, the segment ring 7 is formed in a cylindrical shape by arranging a plurality of precast segments in the circumferential direction of the continuous underground wall 6, and is formed at the upper end of the underground continuous wall 6. It is erected. In addition, the segments adjacent to each other on the left and right or the top and bottom are joined with a bolt or the like. In this embodiment, a concrete precast member is used as a segment, but the material constituting the segment is not limited, and for example, a steel segment, a synthetic segment, a high strength fiber reinforced concrete segment, or the like is used. May be.

  The inner surface of the segment ring 7 may be flush with the inner surface of the continuous underground wall 6 or may have a step between the inner surface of the segment ring 7 and the inner surface of the continuous underground wall 6. In addition, the dimensions such as the height and the member thickness of each segment are not limited and may be set as appropriate. However, in the present embodiment, the height is in the range of 1.5 to 15.0 m and the width is 1. The thickness is in the range of 5 to 15.0 m and the thickness is in the range of 5 to 150 cm. Further, if a segment L-shaped segment that can stand alone is used as the lowermost segment ring 7, a temporary support member or the like when assembling the segment ring 7 may be omitted.

As shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b), the embankment portion 8 is excavated residual soil (embankment material) generated by excavating the ground surrounded by the underground continuous wall 6 around the outer periphery of the ground wall 71. It is formed by raising. Note that the embankment portion 8 is not necessarily formed only from excavated residual soil (diverted soil), and may include materials carried from the outside (such as generated soil and purchased soil).
The upper surface of the embankment portion 8 is raised until it reaches a height equivalent to the upper end of the ground wall 71. Further, a slope with a stable gradient is formed on the outer periphery (outer edge) of the embankment portion 8, and is rubbed to the height of the original ground (ground surface GL). In addition, the outer periphery of the embankment part 8 does not necessarily need to have a slope with a stable gradient. For example, a gradient around the embankment portion 8 may be established by employing a reinforcement method or a retaining wall. As the reinforcing method, for example, the embankment portion may be formed by improved soil obtained by mixing cement with embankment material.

Next, the construction method of the underground storage tank 1 will be described.
The underground storage tank 1 is constructed by an underground wall construction process, a ground wall formation process, a banking process, and a tank construction process.

The underground wall construction process is a process of constructing the continuous underground wall 6.
The continuous underground wall 6 is formed with a cylindrical groove (circular in plan view) so as to surround the area where the underground storage tank 1 is to be formed. (See FIGS. 2A and 2B). The continuous underground wall 6 is formed so as to reach the hardly permeable layer. Concrete is cast from the bottom of the groove using a tremy tube (not shown). Moreover, in this embodiment, after placing concrete, the upper part is removed (latency removal) and the concrete is newly placed to form the upper part of the continuous underground wall 6 (coping concrete 61) (see FIG. 3). ).
In addition, the structure of the continuous underground wall 6 is not limited, For example, it may replace with a reinforcing bar rod and may install core materials, such as a shape steel material. Moreover, you may employ | adopt a stable liquid solidification continuous wall method and a soil cement continuous wall method. Moreover, what is necessary is just to form the coping concrete 61 as needed.

When the continuous underground wall 6 is constructed, the shaft 5 is formed by carrying out the ground wall forming process and the embankment process in parallel.
That is, until the embankment portion 8 having a predetermined height is formed, the segment ring 7 is constructed and the excavation remaining soil around the outer periphery of the segment ring 7 is implemented.
First, after construction of the continuous underground wall 6, as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, initial excavation is performed (filling step). The initial excavation may be performed in parallel with the construction work of the lowermost segment ring 7.

  The initial excavation is performed using the excavator M1 such as a backhoe on the ground surrounded by the continuous underground wall 6. The excavated residual soil generated by excavation is carried out to the outside of the continuous underground wall 6 using a transport vehicle M2 such as a truck, and piled up around the outer periphery of the continuous underground wall 6. Note that the banking is performed at a position away from the segment ring 7 until the segment ring 7 is completely circular (closed). At this time, in the space surrounded by the continuous underground wall 6, the spiral temporary road 11 extending from the bottom of the excavation to the ground surface around the outer surface of the continuous underground wall 6 is caused by the longitudinal gradient that the transport vehicle M2 can travel. Is formed.

As shown in FIG. 2B, the lowermost segment ring 7 is formed by assembling a plurality of segments 72 at the upper end of the underground continuous wall 6 (ground wall forming step).
The lowermost segment ring 7 is erected on the upper surface of the underground continuous wall 6. The method for fixing the segment ring 7 to the underground continuous wall 6 is not limited. For example, a part of the segment ring 7 may be embedded in the top portion (coping concrete 61) of the underground continuous wall 6 (see FIG. 3A), or a predetermined jig 74 (for example, an angle material and an anchor) is used. And you may fix to the upper end of the underground continuous wall 6 (refer FIG.3 (b)). Further, the segment ring 7 may be fixed to the underground continuous wall 6 by rigid bonding, pin bonding, or the like.

Assembling of the lowermost segment ring 7 is performed in a state where the segment is supported by a supporting member (cheek cane material, diagonal material, etc.) as necessary so that the segment does not fall down.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, a drainage pipe 73 for draining water that has penetrated into the embankment 8 into the shaft 5 is provided in the lowermost segment ring 7 as needed.
The lowermost segment ring 7 may be assembled using a tower crane.

When the lowermost segment ring 7 is completed, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the ground surrounded by the underground continuous wall 6 is excavated, and the excavated residual soil generated by the excavation of the ground is segmented. Raise the outer circumference of 7 (filling process).
In the present embodiment, the ground is excavated by using the excavating machine M <b> 1 in the space surrounded by the underground continuous wall 6, and the tower crane M <b> 3 provided on the ground portion outside the underground continuous wall 6 is used. Unload excavated soil to the ground. In the present embodiment, the tower cranes M3 are arranged at positions facing each other across the center of the vertical shaft 5, but the number and arrangement of the tower cranes M3 are not limited.

The tower crane M3 includes a crane mast that is erected on a foundation formed on the original ground, and a main body that is installed at the upper end of the crane mast. The tower crane M3 may be raised or lowered depending on the construction situation.
The tower crane M3 of the present embodiment has a boom having a length that reaches half of the outer periphery of the underground continuous wall 6.

The tower crane M <b> 3 lifts the excavated residual soil to a position higher than the segment ring 7, rotates as it is, and conveys the excavated soil to a predetermined position (filling location) on the outer periphery of the segment ring 7. The excavated residual soil transported to a predetermined position is spread by a spreader M4 such as a bulldozer, and is rolled by a rolling roller or the like as necessary. In addition, the excavated residual soil may be spread directly after being conveyed, or may be spread after temporarily placing. Moreover, you may level the improvement soil which mixed solidification materials, such as cement, with excavation residual soil.
Moreover, the embankment part 8 of this embodiment is a self-supporting embankment. As shown in FIG. 4, reinforcing materials (so-called geotextiles) 81, 81,... Are laid on the inner peripheral portion of the embankment portion 8 at predetermined heights. In addition, what is necessary is just to lay a reinforcing material as needed.

It is desirable to minimize earth pressure acting on the segment ring 7 by installing a protective material 82 such as gabion or sandbag at the end of the banking portion 8 on the segment ring 7 side. The protective material 82 may be omitted, and a slope may be formed on the embankment portion 8, or the embankment portion 8 (excavated residual soil) may be formed in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the segment ring 7.
Filler 9 is filled in the gap between the protective material 82 and the segment ring 7. As the filler 9, it is desirable to use a drainage material such as sand or gravel, but excavated residual soil or purchased soil may be used. The filling of the filler 9 is preferably performed after the embankment 8 is rolled. In this way, since a gap is formed between the segment ring 7 and the embankment 8 during rolling, the pressure during rolling does not act on the segment ring 7, and the segment ring 7 (segment ).

When the embankment portion 8 is constructed to a predetermined height (in the present embodiment, near the middle of the lowermost segment ring 7), the second segment ring 7 is assembled (ground wall forming step) as shown in FIG. The second stage segment ring 7 is joined to the upper surface of the lowermost segment ring 7.
The segment which comprises the segment ring 7 is conveyed to a predetermined position (assembly location) using the tower crane M3. In addition, the segment conveying method is not limited.

When the second-stage segment ring 7 is formed, as shown in FIG. 6, the ground surrounded by the underground continuous wall 6 is excavated, and the excavated residual soil generated by the excavation of the ground is removed from the second-stage segment ring 7. Raise around the outside (filling process).
Similarly, by repeating the ground wall forming step and the embankment step, the ground wall 71 and the embankment portion 8 having a predetermined height are formed while excavating to the flooring surface.
When the embankment 8 is completed, the tower crane M3 is removed. At this time, a part of the crane mast is left in the embankment 8. The crane mast may be removed from the embankment 8. In this case, the opening of the embankment formed by removing the crane mast is backfilled with embankment material or the like.

It is desirable that the assembly operation of the segment ring 7 and the embedding operation of the embankment portion 8 are performed in parallel at different positions.
That is, for example, when the embankment portion 8 is being constructed in the vicinity of the tower crane M3, the segment is located at a position sufficiently away from the tower crane M3 and the embankment portion 8 is raised to a predetermined height. What is necessary is just to assemble the ring 7.

The tank construction process is a process of constructing the bottom plate 2, the side wall 3 and the roof 4 inside the shaft 5.
First, crushed stone or the like is spread on the flooring surface 51 of the shaft 5 to form a drainage layer (not shown).
Next, as shown in FIG. 7A, the bottom plate 2 is formed. At this time, a bottom heater (not shown) is embedded as necessary.

Subsequently, the side wall 3 is formed along the inner surfaces of the continuous underground wall 6 and the ground wall 71.
The construction of the side wall 3 uses the segment ring 7 as an outer mold as shown in FIG. That is, the inner mold 75 is provided inside the continuous underground wall 6 and the ground wall 71 with a gap ensuring the wall thickness of the side wall 3, and the side wall 3 is formed by placing concrete in the gap. Reference numeral 76 denotes a separator.

If the side wall 3 is formed, the roof 4 is formed and the upper surface of the side wall 3 is shielded (see FIG. 1).
First, the roof 4 is assembled on the bottom plate 2 in a space surrounded by the side walls 3. Next, by raising the internal atmospheric pressure, the roof 4 is lifted and fixed to the upper end of the side wall 3. In addition, the construction method (lifting method) of the roof 4 is not limited, For example, a support work may be utilized and a jack may be utilized.
In addition, the membrane 10 is attached to the inner surface of the bottom plate 2 and the side wall 3 with the construction of the roof 4. The membrane 10 is attached to the bottom plate 2 and the side wall 3 through a cold insulating material (not shown).

  According to the construction method of the vertical shaft and the construction method of the underground storage tank according to the present embodiment, a transport vehicle is not required as a means for transporting the excavated residual soil, so that the embankment can be constructed easily and continuously. That is, it is not necessary to ensure a longitudinal gradient and trafficability on which the transport vehicle can travel on the upper surface of the embankment portion 8, and labor and time required for that purpose can be reduced.

According to the construction method of the underground type storage tank 1 (vertical shaft 5) and the underground type storage tank (vertical shaft) of the present embodiment, the ground wall 71 is formed using the segment which is a precast member. Excellent workability compared to wall bodies.
Moreover, the construction period can be shortened by performing the construction of the segment ring 7 and the construction of the embankment portion 8 in parallel.

In addition, by forming the second and subsequent segment rings 7 after forming the embankment portion 8 to a certain height, it becomes possible to omit or reduce the scaffold when assembling the segments.
Moreover, earth pressure management is easy by constructing the embankment part 8 in steps, and the earth pressure, uneven earth pressure, and water pressure which act on the side wall 3 can be excluded. Moreover, the earth pressure and water pressure which act on the side wall 3 are suppressed to the minimum by laying the reinforcing material 81 in the banking part 8, and making the banking part 8 self-supporting.

Since the excavated surplus soil is used for the embankment portion 8 (embankment material), the amount of soil discharged can be greatly reduced, which is economical. In addition, since the yard for temporarily placing the excavated soil can be omitted or reduced, construction is possible even when the usable site is limited. Furthermore, since the transport distance of excavated soil can be significantly reduced, it is efficient.
Since the construction of the embankment portion 8 is performed outside the segment ring 7, it is possible to prevent the embankment material and the like from falling into the shaft 5 during construction of the embankment portion 8.

Since the embankment portion 8 functions as a counterweight, the underground storage tank 1 is prevented from rising.
Moreover, since the settlement of the ground around the shaft 5 can be promoted by the embankment portion 8 from the time of construction, the amount of consolidation settlement after the completion of the shaft 5 can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to accelerate the start of incidental work.
Since the underground continuous wall 6 and the segment ring 7 are formed in a circular shape (cylindrical shape), they exhibit sufficient strength against earth pressure and groundwater pressure.

Further, since the segment ring 7 is used for the outer mold of the side wall 3, the work of installing the outer mold can be omitted. Moreover, since a reaction force body such as a thick end material at the time of placing concrete can be omitted, it is possible to reduce labor and cost required for installing the reaction force body.
Since the drain pipe 73 is piped to the ground wall 71, the water in the embankment part 8 can be drained and the burden on the side wall 3 can be reduced.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and the above-described components can be appropriately changed without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
In the above embodiment, the case of constructing an underground storage tank has been described, but the use of the shaft of the present invention is not limited. For example, it may be used as a shaft for earth retaining when constructing any underground structure such as a building or a station, or may be used as a starting or reaching shaft for tunnel construction.

Although the said embodiment demonstrated the case where a reinforcing material was laid in the embankment part, you may abbreviate | omit a reinforcing material. Further, the reinforcing material may be disposed only at the lower part of the embankment part, or may be disposed at the entire height.
In the initial excavation, if only the central part is excavated with the original ground left in an annular shape along the inner surface of the underground continuous wall, the scaffold for forming the lowest segment ring can be placed inside and outside the segment ring. Can be secured.

In the segment ring 7, a reinforcing material that covers the joint portion may be fixed to the outside of the joint portion between the segments 72. By carrying out like this, the proof stress with respect to the ring compression of the segment ring 7 can be raised more.
In the above-described embodiment, the case where the embankment material is conveyed to a predetermined position using a tower crane has been described. However, the method of conveying the embankment material is not limited, for example, using a transport vehicle such as a truck. Also good.
In the above embodiment, the case where the ground wall 71 is formed by the segment ring has been described. However, the structure of the ground wall 71 is not limited and may be formed by, for example, cast-in-place concrete.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Underground storage tank 10 Membrane 2 Bottom plate 3 Side wall 4 Roof 5 Vertical shaft 6 Underground continuous wall 7 Segment ring 71 Ground wall 8 Embankment part M3 Tower crane

Claims (2)

Forming the underground continuous wall into a cylindrical shape;
Forming a ground wall at an upper end of the underground continuous wall;
Excavating the ground surrounded by the underground continuous wall, and raising the embankment material including the excavated residual soil generated by the excavation of the ground around the outer periphery of the underground continuous wall. There,
A method for constructing a vertical shaft, wherein the excavated soil is conveyed from an excavation site to a banking site by a tower crane provided on the ground. Forming the underground continuous wall into a cylindrical shape;
Forming a ground wall at an upper end of the underground continuous wall;
Excavating the ground surrounded by the underground continuous wall, and raising the embankment material including excavation residual soil generated by excavating the ground around the outer periphery of the underground continuous wall;
Forming a side wall along the inner surface of the underground continuous wall and the ground wall, and a construction method of an underground storage tank comprising:
A construction method of an underground storage tank, wherein the excavation residual soil is conveyed from an excavation site to a banking site by a tower crane provided on the ground.

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