JP2016199816A - Highly visible knit - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To stably provide a highly visible knit with high sweat absorbability and high moisture absorption and desorption property, which maintains highly visible fluorescent color after wearing for an extended period.SOLUTION: A highly visible knit is a knit comprising a double texture. A front texture only consists of polyester fiber, while a back texture contains cellulosic fiber as constituent fiber. The polyester fiber constituting the front texture has 1 mass % of a content of titanium dioxide at most and is colored in fluorescent color. A yarn constituting a tuck texture or a knit texture that connects the front side and the back side of the fabric is made of polyester fiber, and the polyester fiber is also colored in the same fluorescent color as the polyester fiber constituting the front texture.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a knitted fabric with high visibility.

  Persons engaged in work near vehicles moving at high speed, such as vehicles such as automobiles, trains and trains, airplanes, ships, etc., are always at risk of contact accidents. For this reason, it is necessary to wear safety work clothes with high visibility using fluorescent or clear fabrics or re-reflection materials so that they can be easily recognized visually. For example, in the EU countries, persons engaged in specific tasks are required to wear high-visibility safety work clothes defined in the EN-ISO 20471 standard. There is a growing need for such high visibility safety work clothes in Japan.

  Taking the EN-ISO 20471 standard in Europe as an example, high-visibility safety work clothes have a fixed fabric with a specific fluorescent color excellent in visual recognition effect and a material with re-reflectivity for light. It is necessary to wear clothing used over the area. This is the same standard for the ANSI 107-1999 standard defined by the American Standards Association, although there are minor differences. Patent document 1 is mentioned as a technique regarding the fabric which provided high visibility. According to this technique, a fabric dyed in a highly visible color tone conforming to ANSI 107-1999 is disclosed, but the color tone when used for a long time in an environment where sunlight is irradiated outdoors. There is no mention of fading.

Special table 2008-509297 gazette

  Asian countries, including Japan, are more exposed to sunlight than the West, making it difficult to maintain the light fastness of fluorescently colored fabrics. In particular, cellulose fibers excellent in sweat absorption and moisture absorption such as cotton and rayon are generally difficult to maintain fastness compared to synthetic fibers such as polyester. Concerns were high, and as a result, only synthetic fibers such as polyester with poor sweat-absorbing and hygroscopic properties had to be used as the material. In particular, knitted materials are often worn on the part that directly touches the skin, and the knitted materials used as high-visibility safety work clothes that are worn in the hot and hot days, especially in the summer, have sweat absorption and Performance that satisfies both moisture absorption / release properties and light fastness is required.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a technique for stably supplying a high-visibility knitted fabric that is maintained even when worn for a long time with a fluorescent color excellent in visibility and that is excellent in sweat absorption and moisture absorption and desorption. This is a typical issue.

The present invention achieves the above-mentioned problem, and is a knitted fabric constituted by a double structure,
The surface structure is composed only of polyester fibers,
The back tissue includes cellulosic fibers as the constituent fibers of the back tissue,
The polyester fiber constituting the surface structure has a titanium dioxide content of at most 1% by mass and is colored in a fluorescent color,
The yarn constituting the tack structure or the knit structure connecting the fabric front side and the fabric back side is constituted by polyester fiber, and the polyester fiber is colored in the same color as the polyester fiber constituting the surface structure. The gist of the high visibility knitted fabric.

  The present invention will be described below.

The present invention is a knitted fabric composed of a double structure having a front structure and a back structure, the front structure is composed only of polyester fibers, the polyester fibers are colored in a fluorescent color, and further fluorescent yellow It is preferable to be colored in either a fluorescent orange color or a fluorescent red color, and the back tissue comprises cellulosic fibers as constituent fibers. In the knitted fabric of the present invention, the surface structure develops a bright fluorescent color in order to exhibit a high visibility function, while the back structure functions as a sweat-absorbing and moisture-absorbing function when the knitted fabric is used as a garment. To keep comfort. In addition, although the cellulosic fiber is included as the fiber constituting the back structure, it is preferable that 10% by mass or more of the fiber constituting the back structure is constituted by the cellulosic fiber, more preferably 35% by mass, More preferably, it is 50 mass% or more.
Polyester terephthalate fibers that are generally versatile and excellent in mechanical strength are preferably used as the polyester fibers used for the surface structure. The form of the yarn constituting the surface structure may be a filament yarn or a spun yarn. In particular, a false twisted yarn made of a filament is preferably used.

  In the present invention, the content of titanium dioxide in the polyester fiber constituting the surface structure is at most 1% by mass. When the content of titanium dioxide exceeds 1% by mass, glossiness decreases and color developability and visibility deteriorates. In addition, titanium dioxide is excited by sunlight and acts on fluorescent dyes, such as light fastness. This is because there is a concern of causing a decrease. The content of titanium dioxide is preferably closer to zero considering that light fastness is not lowered. However, a small amount in the range of 0.5% by mass or less is considered in consideration of yarn-forming properties when producing fibers. It is preferably included.

  Cellulosic fibers constituting the back structure are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include cotton, rayon, cupra, lyocell, etc. Cotton is the most suitable in consideration of uses such as work clothes that are frequently washed. . The reason for mainly using cellulosic fibers for the back tissue is that the knitted fabric of the present invention can be suitably used as a safety work wear worn by workers in a place where there is a risk of contact accidents. Since it involves a lot of sweating, it is possible to absorb the steamed air in the clothes and release it to the outside air by arranging cellulosic fibers.

  The moisture absorption capability can be evaluated by RMA (Real Moisture Absorption) described later, and the moisture release capability can be evaluated by RMD (Real Moisture Discovery) also described later.

RMA shows the moisture absorption capacity of the fabric when the fabric is moved from a normal temperature and humidity condition of 25 ° C. and 60% RH to a high temperature and high humidity condition of 34 ° C. and 90% RH. This indicates that it has a high ability to absorb moisture generated by steaming. RMD shows the moisture release capacity of the fabric when the fabric is moved from a high temperature and high humidity condition of 34 ° C. and 90% RH to a normal temperature and normal humidity condition of 25 ° C. and 60% RH, and the RMD value is large. It shows that the ability of the fabric to release moisture absorbed into the outside air is high. Specifically, the measurement is performed as follows. That is, a sample cut into a square of 25 cm in length and width is dried at 105 ° C. for 2 hours, and the mass W ₀ (g) in an absolutely dry state is measured. Then, the temperature is 25 ° C. and the relative humidity is 60% RH. After leaving it in the bath for 2 hours, the mass W _A (g) is measured. Then, after leaving it in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at a temperature of 34 ° C. and a relative humidity of 90% RH for 24 hours, the mass W _B (g) is measured. Then, after leaving again in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at a temperature of 25 ° C. and a relative humidity of 60% RH for 24 hours, the mass W _C (g) is measured. The moisture absorption capability RMA and moisture release capability RMD are calculated from the measured masses W ₀ , W _A , W _B , and W _{C according} to the following equations.
_{RMA = ({(W B -W} 0) / W 0} - {(W A -W 0) / W 0}) × 100
_{RMD = ({(W B -W} 0) / W 0} - {(W C -W 0) / W 0}) × 100

  In the present invention, the RMA and RMD values are preferably 0.3 or more, and more preferably 0.5 or more, in order to reduce discomfort due to stuffiness in clothes. When RMA and RMD are less than 0.3, it is difficult to sufficiently reduce stuffiness in clothes.

  The knitted fabric of the present invention is composed of a double structure in which polyester fibers are arranged in the front structure and cellulose fibers are mainly arranged in the back structure, but the cellulose fibers arranged in the back structure do not appear as much as possible on the front side. In this way, the front organization and the back organization are connected. In the knitted fabric of the present invention, the yarn constituting the structure that joins the front structure and the back structure may constitute a part of the front structure depending on the structure, and is likely to be seen from the front side. Use polyester fiber with excellent strength. The polyester fibers constituting the nodular structure are colored in a fluorescent color, preferably in a fluorescent yellow, fluorescent orange or fluorescent red color, in the same manner as the polyester fiber constituting the surface structure.

  In addition, as a nodule structure that connects the front structure and the back structure, it is preferable to employ a structure in which the nodule is tucked from the back structure to the front structure. This is because, contrary to the above, when a tissue that nodules from the surface tissue to the back tissue is formed by the tack, a concave portion is formed on the surface tissue side by this nodule portion, and a hole is formed in the surface tissue by this recessed portion. This is because the back tissue portion located in the dent portion of the front tissue may be observed from the front side as it opens, and the cellulose fibers arranged in the back tissue are exposed. When a tissue that is knotted from the front tissue to the back tissue in this manner is used, the same loop portion as that of the tack tissue (that is, the loop portion of the back tissue located in the tack tissue) is easily visible from the front tissue. The yarn forming the loop of the back structure located in the structure is preferably provided with a polyester fiber excellent in light fastness. For the same reason, in order to make it difficult to see the yarn on the back structure side from the front structure side, it is preferable to adopt a structure without needle removal as the front structure.

  Cellulosic fibers are generally difficult to disperse with disperse dyes, and fluorescent dyes that can be applied to cellulosic fibers generally have a low light fastness compared to disperse dyes. If reactive dyes that easily dye the cellulose fibers are used to develop a fluorescent color in the cellulose fibers employed in the backing, the resulting knitted fabric tends to have a low light fastness. Therefore, in the present invention, in order to maintain light fastness, it is preferable to color a specific fluorescent color by dyeing using only a disperse dye. Further, in the present invention, the cellulosic fiber does not develop a fluorescent color because it is difficult to dye the fluorescent color, but as described above, the cellulosic fiber constituting the back structure does not appear as much as possible on the front side, and from the surface of the knitted fabric By selecting a tissue in which it is difficult to visually recognize the cellulose fiber when observed, the high visibility intended by the present invention can be exhibited even if the cellulose fiber does not develop a fluorescent color.

In order to make it difficult to see the cellulosic fibers of the back structure when viewed from the front side, the cover factor (CF) of the front structure is preferably 1.0 or more. Here, the cover factor is a coefficient representing the density of the knitted structure defined by the thickness of the yarn constituting the knitted fabric and the knitting length, and is calculated by the following equation.
Cover factor Cf = √NT / Sl
Here, NT: Fineness (tex), Sl: Stitch length (mm).
Stitch length Sl = L / n
Here, L is the length of the knitted yarn, and n is the number of stitches that have been knitted.
In the calculation of the cover factor of the table structure, when the yarn constituting the table structure is knitted only in the table structure, it is calculated using the above formula, but the yarn constituting the table structure is not only the table structure, When knitting across both the front and back structures, the cover factor may be calculated as stitch length = (number of front side stitches of the yarn / number of front and back total stitches of the yarn) × total knitting length.

  The cover factor of the surface structure is preferably 1.0 or more, more preferably 1.2 or more. When the cover factor is less than 1.0, the cellulosic fibers constituting the back structure are easily visible from the front side, and there is a concern that the visibility and light fastness may be lowered. The upper limit of the cover factor is not specified, but if it exceeds 2.5, the density is too high and knitting tends to be difficult.

  In the knitted fabric of the present invention, the polyester fibers constituting the surface structure are colored in one of fluorescent yellow, fluorescent orange, and fluorescent red. When colored as fluorescent yellow, fluorescent orange, or fluorescent red, the knitted fabric of the present invention is used as a garment, and when applied as a work clothes worn by an operator at a construction site, road, port, airport, etc. The presence of the worker can be clearly shown. The fluorescent colors yellow, orange, and red are all excellent in raising attention and danger, and are used in the present invention. Furthermore, in order to produce an effect that calls attention and danger more, the chromaticity measured from the front side of the knitted fabric of the present invention is 4 points in each of the XY chromaticity coordinates shown in Table 2 in each hue. It is more preferable that the brightness coefficient is within a range to be partitioned and the brightness coefficient is equal to or greater than the value of the minimum brightness coefficient shown in Table 2.

  It is necessary to maintain visibility regardless of day or night or the weather in order to produce a warning / dangerous effect. Especially, if the color changes due to use under sunlight, the desired effect can be achieved satisfactorily. There is a concern that it will be difficult. Therefore, the knitted fabric of the present invention has a light fastness using a carbon arc lamp and a xenon lamp as a light source, both of the 4th grade or the 4th grade, and preferably the 5th grade or the 5th grade. A xenon lamp that is commonly used in the world as a light fastness to light fastness has a wavelength range close to that of sunlight. However, especially in Asian countries including Japan, in regions where sunlight is more intense than in the West, even if the light fastness test with a xenon lamp passes, it is actually worn under sunlight. There is a risk of fading due to the strong light received. Therefore, even when the light fastness is evaluated using a carbon arc lamp having a strong wavelength in the ultraviolet light region having a strong influence on the discoloration of the fluorescent dye and a strong exposure in the same time irradiation as compared with a xenon lamp, It should be 4th or higher. By setting the light fastness to 4th grade or 4th grade or more, when worn under sunlight exposure, color fading hardly occurs over time, and it can be used with good effects over a long period of time.

The high-visibility knitted fabric of the present invention is maintained even when a fluorescent color excellent in visibility is worn for a long period of time, and is also excellent in sweat absorption and moisture absorption / release properties.

FIG. 3 is an organization chart of a knitted fabric in Example 1. It is an organization chart of the knitted fabric in Example 2. It is an organization chart of the knitted fabric in Example 4.

  Next, the present invention will be described specifically by way of examples. In addition, evaluation in an Example was performed with the following method.

(1) XYZ chromaticity coordinates / minimum luminance coefficient Based on the ISO20471 standard, a spectrophotometer (MS-2020PL manufactured by Macbeth) is used so that light is irradiated from the surface structure of the sample (textile) with a D65 light source. Chromaticity coordinates and minimum luminance coefficient were measured.

(2) Light fastness Based on JIS L-0842 (carbon arc lamp) and JIS L-0842 (xenon lamp), the light fastness in the fourth and fifth grade irradiation was measured by the third exposure method.

(3) RMA, RMD
After preparing a square sample of 25 cm in length and width, drying at 105 ° C. for 2 hours and measuring the mass W ₀ (g) in an absolutely dry state, a constant temperature and humidity chamber at a temperature of 25 ° C. and a relative humidity of 60% RH After being allowed to stand for 2 hours, the mass W _A (g) was measured. Then, after standing for 24 hours in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at a temperature of 34 ° C. and a relative humidity of 90% RH, the mass W _B (g) was measured. Then, after leaving again in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at a temperature of 25 ° C. and a relative humidity of 60% RH for 24 hours, the mass W _C (g) was measured. The moisture absorption capacity RMA and moisture release capacity RMD were calculated from the measured masses W ₀ , W _A , W _B , and W _C by the following equations.
_{RMA = ({(W B -W} 0) / W 0} - {(W A -W 0) / W 0}) × 100
_{RMD = ({(W B -W} 0) / W 0} - {(W C -W 0) / W 0}) × 100

(4) Visibility Create work clothes consisting of short-sleeved upper garments and pants using the obtained fabric, and visually check the visibility from a distance of 60 m from the person wearing the work clothes in fine weather, cloudy weather, and rainy weather Confirmation was performed, and a three-level evaluation (◎: Visibility is very good, ○: Visibility is good, but may be slightly reduced depending on the situation, x: Visibility is poor) was performed.

Example 1
Using a 33 inch 28 gauge knitting machine, false twisted yarn made of polyethylene terephthalate containing 0.5% by weight of titanium oxide as the yarn to be used for yarn A and yarn B in the structure shown in FIG. (84 dtex / 36f) A cotton spun yarn (40th single yarn) was used as the yarn to be used for the used yarn C, and knitting was performed with the structure shown in FIG. After refining and relaxing this raw machine, heat setting was performed at 190 ° C using a tenter, followed by dyeing with a fluorescent yellow disperse dye using a liquid dyeing machine, and then at 160 ° C using a tenter. Heat setting was performed to obtain a high visibility knitted fabric. The knitting length of each yarn used was as shown in FIG. 1, and the cover factor of the surface structure of the knitted fabric was calculated to be 1.4.

Example 2
Using a 33 inch 28 gauge knitting machine, false twisted yarn made of polyethylene terephthalate containing 0.5% by weight of titanium oxide as yarn to be used for yarn A and yarn B in the structure chart shown in FIG. (84 dtex / 36f) A cotton spun yarn (40th single yarn) was used as the yarn to be used for the used yarn C, and knitting was performed with the structure shown in FIG. After refining and relaxing this raw machine, heat setting was performed at 190 ° C using a tenter, followed by dyeing with a fluorescent yellow disperse dye using a liquid dyeing machine, and then at 160 ° C using a tenter. Heat setting was performed to obtain a high visibility knitted fabric. The knitting length of each yarn used was as shown in FIG. 2, and the cover factor of the surface structure of the knitted fabric was calculated to be 1.2.

Example 3
In Example 2, a false twisting process comprising polyethylene terephthalate containing 0.5% by weight of titanium oxide as a cotton spun yarn (40th single yarn) as a yarn to be used for the used yarn B and a yarn to be used for the used yarn C as a yarn to be used. A high-visibility knitted fabric was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the yarn (84 dtex / 36f) was used. The knitting length of each yarn used was as shown in FIG. 2, and the cover factor of the surface structure of the knitted fabric was calculated to be 1.4.

Example 4
In Example 2, a highly visible knitted fabric was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the knitting length of each yarn used was changed as shown in FIG. The cover factor of the surface structure of the structure was calculated to be 0.9.

Example 5
The fabric obtained in Example 4 was further dyed with a fluorescent yellow reactive dye to obtain a high-visibility knitted fabric of Example 5. That is, the high-visibility knitted fabric of Example 5 was dyed with a fluorescent yellow disperse dye and dyed with a fluorescent yellow reactive dye, and the polyester fiber was dyed well with the disperse dye, On the other hand, cotton fibers that were hardly dyed with disperse dyes were dyed with reactive dyes.

Comparative Example 1
A knitted fabric was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the polyester false twisted yarn used in the used yarn A of Example 1 was used as the used yarn B in place of the cotton spun yarn. The knitting length of each yarn used was as shown in FIG. 1, and the cover factor of the surface structure of the knitted fabric was calculated to be 1.4.

Comparative Example 2
A knitted fabric was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a false twisted yarn in which the amount of titanium oxide contained in the false twisted yarn of the used yarn A was 2% by weight was used. The knitting length of each yarn used was as shown in FIG. 1, and the cover factor of the surface structure of the knitted fabric was calculated to be 1.4.

Comparative Example 3
In Example 1, the knitting length of each yarn used was as shown in FIG. 1, except that the dyeing process was performed with a yellow disperse dye that is not fluorescent. Yes, the cover factor of the surface structure of the knitted fabric was calculated to be 1.4.

Comparative Example 4
In Example 1, a high-visibility knitted fabric was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that cotton spun yarn (40th single yarn) was used as the yarn to be used for the used yarn B. The knitting length of each yarn used was as shown in FIG. 1, and the cover factor of the surface structure of the knitted fabric was calculated to be 1.4.

  About the obtained knitted fabric of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-4, various performance mentioned above was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 3.

  About Examples 1-3, the fluorescent color was expressed well and the outstanding result was shown in any of RMA and RMD. Even in the wearing test, it has been highly evaluated that it has less stuffiness and excellent comfort, and less fatigue, and has good visibility, and it has been demonstrated that it is suitable as a fabric for high-visibility safety work clothes. Moreover, the light fastness was also excellent. Especially, Examples 1 and 2 had good chromaticity and luminance, and excellent visibility. In Example 3, cellulose fibers are arranged on the yarn B of the structure forming the same loop as the tack portion from the front side to the back side, and it is confirmed that the cotton fibers are exposed when closely observed from the front side. The chromaticity coordinates shown in Table 2 were out of the specified range. Further, in Example 4, the cover factor of the surface structure was less than 1.0, and it was confirmed that the cotton fibers were exposed when closely observed from the front side structure, and the chromaticity coordinates shown in Table 2 were obtained. Was out of the specified range. In Example 5, the fabric of Example 4 was also subjected to reactive dyeing, and the chromaticity coordinates were within the specified range shown in Table 2 and were excellent in visibility, but the light fastness evaluation was low. It became a thing.

On the other hand, since the comparative example 1 did not contain cotton fiber, RMA and RMD were insufficient, and as a result, the comfort as a feeling of wear was inferior.
In Comparative Example 2, the amount of titanium oxide contained in the false twisted yarn constituting the surface structure greatly exceeded 1% by mass, and the light fastness was inferior. Therefore, when applied to work clothes for outdoor work that is irradiated with sunlight for a long period of time, there is a concern about a decrease in visibility.
Since the comparative example 3 did not use the fluorescent dye, the minimum luminance coefficient was greatly inferior, and it did not have the visibility intended by the present invention.
In Comparative Example 4, cotton spun yarn was used as the yarn constituting the structure connecting the front structure and the back structure, and the light fastness was inferior in evaluation.

Claims (9)

A knitted fabric composed of a double structure
The surface structure is composed only of polyester fibers,
The back tissue includes cellulosic fibers as the constituent fibers of the back tissue,
The polyester fiber constituting the surface structure has a titanium dioxide content of at most 1% by mass and is colored in a fluorescent color,
The yarn constituting the tack structure or the knit structure connecting the fabric front side and the fabric back side is constituted by polyester fiber, and the polyester fiber is colored in the same color as the polyester fiber constituting the surface structure. High visibility knitted fabric. The polyester fiber constituting the surface structure is colored in one of fluorescent yellow, fluorescent orange or fluorescent red, and the chromaticity measured from the front side is the XY chromaticity coordinate shown in Table 1 in each hue. The high-visibility knitted fabric according to claim 1, wherein the knitted fabric is within a range defined by four points, and the luminance coefficient is equal to or greater than the numerical value of the minimum luminance coefficient shown in Table 1.

  The high visibility knitted fabric according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fastness to light using a carbon arc lamp and a xenon lamp as a light source is grade 4 or grade 4 or higher.   The high-visibility knitted fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the yarn forming the same loop portion as the yarn constituting the tack structure connected from the fabric front side to the fabric back side is a polyester fiber.   The high-visibility knitted fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the fabric front side tissue does not have a needle-extracted portion. The high visibility knitted fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a cover factor of the surface structure of the fabric is 1.0 or more. However, the cover factor is calculated by the following formula.
Cover factor Cf = √NT / Sl
Here, NT: Fineness (tex), Sl: Stitch length (mm).
Stitch length Sl = L / n
Here, L is the length of the knitted yarn, and n is the number of stitches that have been knitted.   The high-visibility knitted fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the knitted fabric is dyed into fluorescent yellow, fluorescent orange or fluorescent red only with a disperse dye.   The high visibility knitted fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the knitted fabric has a moisture absorption capability (RMA) and a moisture release capability (RMD) of 0.3 or more. The high visibility clothing comprised by the high visibility knitted fabric of any one of Claims 1-8.

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