JP2016180248A - Tow apparatus and tow method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tow apparatus and tow method that are capable of performing simple and efficient installation and removal, and are capable of stable tow of a structure such as a caisson.SOLUTION: A tow apparatus 2 comprises: a rear member 3 that is made to float on the water and is attached on the rear side in a tow direction of a structure 1 across both ends in the structure's width direction; and a pair of rear member tow cords 4, 4 that are supported at ends of the rear member 3 and have tip sides drawn forward in the tow direction along side faces of the structure 1. Both rear member tow cords 4, 4 are pulled by a tow ship 6 disposed in front of the structure 1; the structure 1 is pushed by the rear member 3.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a towing device and a towing method for towing a structure body such as a caisson constituting a marine structure such as a breakwater or a revetment to the installation water area while floating on the water.

  When constructing offshore structures such as breakwaters and revetments, the caisson and other structures that make up the offshore structures are manufactured at the onshore production yard and the structures are launched and floated. The method of carrying to towed water by towing is widely used.

  Conventionally, in order to tow such a structure such as a caisson, as shown in FIG. 4, one end of the tow rope 32 is attached to each coupling tool 31 made of a reinforcing bar or a steel cable attached in advance to the top end of the structure 30. The other end of the tow rope 32 was pulled by the tow boat 33 and towed (for example, see Patent Document 1 and FIG. 4).

  In addition, other towing means includes a method in which a large turning rope is preliminarily provided around a structure such as a caisson, and a towing line connected to the large turning rope is towed by a tow boat (for example, Patent Documents). 2).

  In this towing means, a connecting tool composed of a reinforcing bar or steel cord is attached to the outer edge of the top end of the structure, and a supporting wire having an upper end connected to the connecting tool is suspended along the side surface of the structure. It is outfitted by turning the rope at the lower end and supporting the rope.

JP 59-34331 A Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 1-69840

  However, in the conventional towing means as shown in FIG. 4, one end of the tow rope is attached to the top end portion of the structure, and the pulling force of the tow rope acts on a high position of the structure. When the submerged part of the structure is subjected to water pressure from the front side during towing, a moment is generated in the structure due to the pulling force of the towing line, and the dotted line in the figure As shown, the structure may tilt.

  Therefore, in order to reduce the tilt of the structure, the towing speed is reduced or the towing is avoided when the tidal current is opposite to the towing direction, that is, when the water pressure acting on the front side of the structure is large. Necessity has arisen, which has been a factor in reducing work efficiency.

  On the other hand, in the conventional towing means such as Patent Document 2, although the inclination of the structure during towing can be suppressed, there is a problem that a large amount of labor is required for rigging and removing the large turning rope and work efficiency is poor. .

  Therefore, in view of such a conventional problem, the present invention has been made for the purpose of providing a towing device that can be installed and removed easily and efficiently and can stably tow a structure such as a caisson. .

  The feature of the invention according to claim 1 for solving the conventional problem as described above is that, in a towing device for towing a structure floating on the water, the structure floats on the water and is behind the towing direction of the structure. A rear member addressed across both ends in the width direction, and a pair of rear member tow ropes attached to end portions of the rear member and having a distal end drawn forward in the towing direction along the side surface of the structure. The towing device is configured to pull the tow ropes for both rear members with a tow boat arranged in front of the structure and push the structure with the rear members.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the structure of the first aspect, the invention further includes a front member that floats on the water and is disposed across the both ends in the width direction on the front side in the towing direction of the structure. One end of the towing line is fixed to the front member, the other end side is hung on a hanging support on the front part of the rear member and pulled forward, and the towing line for the rear member is pulled forward by a dredger. The member is drawn to the structure side, and the structure body is sandwiched between the rear member and the front member.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect, the structure includes a front member disposed across the width direction both ends on the front side in the towing direction, the front member, the rear member, Are connected by the towing lines for the respective rear members, and the tow lines for both the rear members are pulled by the dredger through the front members.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the towing method for towing a structure floating on the water, rear members floated on the water at the rear side in the towing direction of the structure are placed on the rear surface of the structure at both ends in the width direction. A pair of dredgers that are attached to both ends of the rear member and are disposed at the front of the structure with a pair of rear member towing lines drawn forward in the towing direction along the side surface of the structure. There is to pull in.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the fourth aspect, the rear member is arranged on the front side in the towing direction of the structure over the both ends in the width direction, and one end is fixed to the front member. The other end side of the member towing line is hung on the hanging support on the front part of the rear member and pulled forward, the rear member towing line is pulled by a dredger, the front member is pulled to the structure side, and the rear It is to tow while holding the structure between the member and the front member.

  As described above, the towing apparatus according to the present invention is a towing apparatus for towing a structure floating on the water, and floats on the water, and is directed to the rear side in the towing direction of the structure over both ends in the width direction. A rear member to be peeled, and a pair of rear member tow ropes attached to an end portion of the rear member and having a distal end side pulled out forward in the towing direction along the side surface of the structure. By pulling the tow rope for the both rear members with the arranged dredger and pushing the structure with the rear member, the structure at the time of towing with a simple structure that is easy to install and remove from the structure Can be suitably suppressed, and the construction period and cost can be reduced.

  Further, in the present invention, a forward member floated on the water and disposed across the both ends in the width direction on the front side in the towing direction of the structure is provided, and one end of the towing rope for the rear member is fixed to the front member. And the other end side is pulled forward by hanging around a hanging support on the front part of the rear member, and the front member is drawn toward the structure by pulling the towing line for the rear member with a dredger, and the rear member Since the structure is sandwiched between the front member and the front member, the swinging of the structure with respect to the pushing of the rear member is suppressed, and stable towing becomes possible.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, a forward member floated on water and disposed across the both ends in the width direction on the front side in the towing direction of the structure body, the front member and the rear member are connected to the tow rope for each rear member. The tow ropes for both rear members are pulled by a tow boat via the front member, so that the tow can be carried out in a stable state.

  Further, the towing method according to the present invention is a towing method for towing a structure floating on the water, and a rear member floated on the water on the rear side in the towing direction of the structure is provided on the rear surface of the structure on both ends in the width direction. A pair of rear member tow ropes that are attached to both ends of the rear member, and whose leading end is drawn forward in the towing direction along the side surface of the structure, are arranged in front of the structure. By pulling, the propulsive force by the rear member acts at a position close to the buoyancy of the structure, and thus towing can be performed while suitably suppressing the tilt of the structure.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, a front member is disposed across the width direction both ends on the front side in the towing direction of the structure, and the other end side of the rear member towing rope fixed to the front member is connected to the front surface of the rear member. The rear member towing is pulled by a dredger, the front member is pulled toward the structure, and the structure is sandwiched between the rear member and the front member. By towing, the swinging of the structure with respect to the pushing out of the rear member can be suppressed, and the towing can be stably performed.

(A) is a top view which shows an example of the usage condition of the towing apparatus based on this invention, (b) is the towing direction side view. FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged plan view for explaining a state in which the rear member towing line in FIG. 1 is hung. (A) is a top view which shows the other usage condition of the towing apparatus based on this invention, (b) is the towing direction side view. It is a side view towing direction which shows the outline of the conventional towing apparatus.

  Next, an embodiment of the towing apparatus according to the present invention will be described based on the embodiment shown in FIGS. In the figure, reference numeral A denotes a water surface, reference numeral 1 denotes a structure such as caisson, and reference numeral 2 denotes a towing device for towing the structure 1.

  The structure 1 is, for example, a hollow box-like caisson that can be adjusted in buoyancy by the amount of ballast water, and its lower side is floated on the water with a desired draft. In the figure, symbol f denotes the buoyancy (center of buoyancy) of the structure 1.

  The towing device 2 is attached to the rear side of the structural body 1 on the rear side in the towing direction over the both ends of the width direction of the structural body 1 and the end portions of the rear member 3, and the distal end side is the side surface of the structural body 1. A pair of rear member tow ropes 4, 4 drawn forward in the towing direction along the tow line 5, and a tow rope 5 to which the tip 4 b of each rear member tow rope 4, 4 is connected. The tow lines 4 and 4 for both rear members are pulled by a tow boat 6 arranged in front of the tow, and the structure 1 floating on the water is towed.

  Further, the towing device 2 includes a front member 7 disposed across the both ends in the width direction of the structure 1 on the front side of the structure 1 in the towing direction, and the distal ends 4b of the rear member tow ropes 4, 4 are front members. 7 is connected to the towline 5 through 7.

  The rear member 3 is composed of a member having rigidity such as an H-section steel or a square steel pipe having a length equal to or longer than a certain length. A surface 9 is formed.

  In addition, the rear member 3 is integrally or integrally provided with floating bodies 8 and 8 having buoyancy, and is floated on the water surface.

  The extrusion surface 9 has a fixed width in the vertical direction and is formed in a rectangular shape that is long in the horizontal width direction, and cushioning materials 10, 10... Such as a rubber mat are fixed to the front surface thereof. It is designed to buffer the impact when it is directed to the back of the structure 1.

  Further, the rear member 3 is provided with support members 11, 11 that are hung on both ends of the front surface portion, that is, the extrusion surface 9, and the rear member tow ropes 4, 4 are hung on the hooking support members 11, 11 and forward. The rear member towline 4 is attached to the rear member 3 by being pulled out to the rear member 3.

  The hanging supports 11, 11 are a pair of bearing members 11 a, 11 a projecting from the extrusion surface 9 with a space in the vertical direction, and round rod-shaped hanging shafts having both ends supported by the bearing members 11 a, 11 a, respectively. 11b, and the towing lines 4 and 4 for the rear member are hung around the hanging shaft 11b. In addition, the aspect of the hanging support tools 11 and 11 is not limited to the said Example, You may use the pulley etc. which were supported on the front surface of the rear member 3 rotatably.

  Like the rear member 3, the front member 7 is configured by a member having rigidity such as an H-shaped steel or a square steel pipe having a length equal to or longer than a certain length. A contact surface 12 is formed that extends over both ends in the direction.

  Further, the front member 7 is integrally or integrally provided with floating bodies 8 and 8 having buoyancy so as to float on the water surface.

  The abutting surface 12 is formed in a rectangular shape having a certain width in the vertical direction and long in the horizontal width direction, and cushioning materials 10, 10... Such as a rubber mat are fixed to the abutting surface 12. The impact when the contact surface 12 is applied to the back surface of the structure 1 is buffered.

  At both ends of the abutment surface 12, connecting fittings 13, 13 to which one end 4 a of the rear member towing cables 4, 4 is fixed are provided.

  Further, on both upper surfaces of the front member 7, guide portions 14, 14 are formed which are guided by the rear member towing cable 4 which is folded back by the hanging support tools 11, 11 and drawn forward. The tip 4 b of the rear member tow rope 4 drawn further forward than the guide portions 14, 14 is connected to the tow rope 5.

  The guide portions 14, 14 are a pair of guide wall portions 14a, 14a having a plan view arcuate plate facing each other with a distance in the longitudinal direction of the front member 7, and a bar-shaped presser bridged between the guide wall portions 14a, 14a. The rear member towing line 4 is restricted between the guide wall portions 14a and 14a, and the pressing member 14b prevents the rear member towing line 4 from being lifted.

  The rear member tow ropes 4, 4 are constituted by water-floating ropes such as polyethylene ropes, and one end 4a of the rear member tow rope 4 is fixed to the connection fitting 13 on the rear surface of the front member 7, and the tip 4b side thereof Is pulled out rearward, is hung on the hanging supports 11, 11 on the front surface of the rear member 3, is pulled forward, the front end 4 b side pulled out forward is passed through the guide portion 14 of the front member 7, and the front end 4b is connected to the towline 5.

  The towline 5 uses a rope that floats on water, such as a polyethylene rope similar to the towline 4 for the rear member.

  In the towing method using the towing device 2 configured in this manner, the rear member 3 is arranged on the rear side of the towing method of the structure 1, and the rear vessel 3 is used for both rear members with the tow boat 6 arranged in front of the structure 1. When the towing lines 4 and 4 are pulled, the rear member 3 floated on the water surface is directed to the back surface of the structure 1 across both ends, and when the dredger 6 is moved in this state, the rear surface 3 is pushed against the pushing surface 9 of the rear member 3. Thus, propulsive force is applied to the structure 1 such as a caisson.

  At that time, the rear member 3 is not structurally restrained in the height direction with respect to the structure 1 and is in a state of floating at the position of the water surface A. Therefore, the propulsive force by the rear member 3 is the structure in the height direction. It operates at a position close to the floating center f of 1.

  Therefore, even when the submerged portion of the structure 1 receives water pressure from the front side during towing, the moment acting on the structure 1 by the rear member 3 is small, and the tilt of the structure 1 can be suitably suppressed.

  Further, in this towing method, the tow cable 5 is pulled to pull the rear member tow cables 4, 4, the front member 7 is pulled toward the structure 1, and the structure 1 is held between the rear member 3 and the front member 7. Since the tow is carried out in that state, the swinging of the structure 1 in the front-rear direction caused by the propulsive force by the rear member 3 can be suppressed, and the towing can be performed more stably.

  In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the structure 1 such as caisson is sandwiched between the rear member 3 and the front member 7 has been described. However, as shown in FIG. It may be arranged slightly forward and the tow ropes 20, 20 for both rear members may be pulled by the dredger 6 through the front member 7. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the structure similar to the above-mentioned Example, and description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In this embodiment, connecting brackets 13 and 13 are provided at both front ends of the rear member 3 and both rear ends of the front member 7, respectively, and one end of the rear member tow ropes 20 and 20 longer than the front and rear width of the structure 1 is connected to the rear member. The other end is connected to the connection fitting 13 on the front surface of the front member 7, and the rear member 3 and the front member 7 are connected by the rear member tow ropes 20 and 20.

  Further, in this embodiment, the other end of the connecting ropes 22, 22 having one end connected to each of the connecting tools 21, 21... 7 and the rear member 3, and the structure 1 may be towed by pushing out the rear member 3 and pulling the front member 7.

  Although not particularly illustrated, the front member 7 may not be used, and the towing may be performed only by the propulsive force generated by pushing the rear member 3.

  In the above-described embodiment, an example in which the structure is a caisson has been described. However, the structure 1 is not limited to a caisson, and can be applied to towing of the structure 1 constituting another structure.

  In the above-described embodiment, the rear member towing cable 4 and the towing cable 5 are floated like a polyethylene rope, but a steel cable or the like may be used.

  The rear member 3 and the front member 7 are not limited to those separately provided with the floating bodies 8 and 8 as in the above-described embodiment, and are constituted by a hollow square steel pipe or the like with both ends closed, and the member itself has buoyancy. It may be provided.

A Water surface 1 Structure 2 Towing device 3 Rear member 4 Towing line 5 for rear member Towing line 6 Dredger 7 Front member 8 Floating body 10 Extrusion surface 10 Buffer material 11 Hanging support 12 Contact surface 13 Connecting bracket 14 Guide part 20 Rear Towing rope 21 for members

Claims (5)

In a towing device for towing a structure floating on the water,
A rear member that floats on the water and is addressed to the rear side in the towing direction of the structure over the both ends in the width direction, and is attached to the end of the rear member, and the tip side is in the towing direction along the side surface of the structure A pair of rear member towing lines drawn forward, pulling the rear member tow lines with a dredger arranged in front of the structure, and pushing the structure with the rear member Towing device characterized by that.   Floating on the water, provided on the front side of the towing direction of the structure with a front member disposed across the width direction both ends, the rear member towing rope is fixed to the front member, the other end side is the The front member is pulled forward by hanging on a hanging support on the front part of the rear member, and the front member is drawn toward the structure by pulling the towing line for the rear member with a dredger, and the front member and the front member The towing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the structure is clamped.   A front member that floats on the water and is disposed across the widthwise ends on the front side in the towing direction of the structure, the front member and the rear member are connected by the towing lines for the respective rear members, The towing device according to claim 1, wherein the towing lines for both rear members are pulled by a tow boat through a member. In the towing method for towing a structure floating on the water,
The rear member floated on the water at the rear side in the towing direction of the structure is directed to the rear surface of the structure over the both ends in the width direction, attached to both ends of the rear member, and the tip side is along the side surface of the structure. A towing method characterized in that a pair of rear member tow ropes drawn forward in the towing direction are pulled by a tow boat disposed in front of the structure.   A front member is disposed over the width direction both ends on the front side in the towing direction of the structure, and the other end side of the rear member towing rope fixed to the front member is hooked and supported on the front part of the rear member. And pulling forward the tow rope for the rear member with a tow boat, pulling the front member toward the structure side, and towing while sandwiching the structure body between the rear member and the front member. The towing method described.

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