JP2016173608A - Microscope - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a microscope which is excellent in operability and in which a sample can be moved only by a slight distance and an observation image of the sample can be moved to a desired position in an observation visual field, even when an observation magnification is high.SOLUTION: A microscope includes an observation optical system including an objective lens, a plate on which a sample observed through the observation optical system is placed, and a base part provided with a plate arrangement part in which the plate is arranged. The plate can be moved in a direction crossing an optical axis of the objective lens at an almost right angle and a space permitting movement of the plate is formed between the plate and the plate arrangement part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a microscope, and more particularly to a microscope provided with a loading plate for placing a specimen.

  FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional view of a base portion 525 of a microscope according to a conventional example. As shown in FIG. 10, conventionally, a resin-made or glass-made placement plate 534 for placing a specimen 537 is incorporated in a recess 531 formed in a base portion 525, and the placement plate 534 is a clamp screw. It is fixed to the base portion 525 by fixing means such as 567.

  During the observation, when the position of the sample 537 in the observation field, that is, the position of the observation image of the sample 537 is moved in the observation field, the sample 537 on the mounting plate 534 is slid and moved by hand. Alternatively, observation is performed by attaching a stage for mounting a specimen that can move in the xy direction, and the observation image is moved by moving the stage. Patent Document 1 proposes a microscope stage in which the height at which a specimen is placed is defined even when attached to a base portion. According to Patent Document 1, it is described that the height at which the specimen is placed is not changed even after the stage is attached, and inconveniences that occur in the transmitted illumination system and ergonomics are avoided.

JP2007-41601A

  In recent years, due to advances in optical design technology, the magnification range in a zoom microscope has been expanded, and the maximum observation magnification has been increased. In observation in a high-magnification state using a microscope equipped with a conventional loading plate, even if the sample is moved slightly on the loading plate, the observation image moves greatly within the observation field of view. Moves out of the field of view instantly. Therefore, in order to move the position of the observation image within the observation field, it is necessary to move the sample by a very small distance. However, it is difficult to move the specimen by such a small distance by hand. Therefore, it is conceivable to separately attach and observe the stage described in Patent Document 1, but the configuration becomes complicated and the cost is greatly increased.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and the specimen can be moved by a small distance with good operability. Even when the observation magnification is high, an observation image of the specimen can be obtained within the observation field. It is an object to provide a microscope that can be moved to a position.

In order to achieve the above object, a microscope according to the present invention includes an observation optical system including an objective lens, a plate for placing a specimen observed by the observation optical system, and a plate arrangement in which the plate is disposed. A base portion provided with a portion, and the plate is movable in a direction substantially perpendicular to the optical axis of the objective lens, and between the plate and the plate placement portion, A space allowing the movement is formed, and a holding member for holding the plate is provided, and a space allowing the movement of the plate is formed between the plate and the holding member. It is characterized by that.
In addition, a microscope according to the present invention includes an observation optical system including an objective lens, a plate for placing a specimen observed by the observation optical system, and a base provided with a plate arrangement portion on which the plate is arranged. The plate is movable in a direction substantially perpendicular to the optical axis of the objective lens, and a space allowing the movement of the plate between the plate and the plate placement portion. And a holding member for holding the plate is disposed, and a space allowing the movement of the plate is formed between the holding member and the plate placement portion. Is characterized in that an annular member for facilitating the movement of the plate is arranged so as to cover a space allowing the movement of the plate.

  According to the present invention, there is provided a microscope capable of moving a sample by a small distance with good operability and capable of moving an observation image of a sample to a desired position within an observation field even when the observation magnification is high. can do.

It is a figure which cuts off a part of base part and shows the whole structure of the microscope which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the base part of the microscope concerning a 1st embodiment, and shows the state where a loading plate was moved only a distance a from the state of FIG. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the base part of the microscope concerning the modification of a 1st embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the base part of the microscope which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the base part of the microscope concerning the 1st modification of a 2nd embodiment. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the base part of the microscope concerning the 2nd modification of a 2nd embodiment, (a) shows the state where the tip of an adjustment screw is inside the frame part of a holding member, and (b) is an adjustment screw. Shows a state of protruding from the inner peripheral surface of the frame portion by the distance b in the center direction, and (c) is a state in which the adjustment screw protrudes from the inner peripheral surface of the frame portion by the distance 2a in the center direction to fix the mounting plate. It shows the state. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the base part of the microscope concerning a 3rd embodiment. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the base part of the microscope concerning a 4th embodiment. It is a top view which shows a base part of a microscope concerning a 4th embodiment with a part cut away. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the base part of the microscope concerning a conventional example.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In each figure, the right side of the paper is the observer side, that is, the front side of the microscope, and the left side of the paper is the back side of the microscope.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the overall configuration of the microscope according to the first embodiment with a part of a base portion cut away.

  The microscope 1 according to this embodiment supports an observation optical system including an objective lens 4, a zoom lens 7, a lens barrel 10, and an eyepiece lens 13, a focus mount 16 that supports the observation optical system, and the focus mount 16. And a stand 19. The stand 19 includes a column portion 22 that fixes the focus mount 16 and a base portion 25, and the base portion 25 is provided with a transmission illumination system 28. A circular recess 31 is formed on the upper surface of the base portion 25. An opening 32 for transmitting the illumination light of the transmission illumination system 28 is provided at the center of the recess 31. The recess 31 is an attachment portion for the loading plate 34. A circular loading plate 34 is fitted in the recess 31 and is placed on the upper surface of the loading plate 34 for observation. As the mounting plate 34, transparent glass is used when the illumination system includes a transmission illumination system, and an opaque resin plate or the like is used when only reflection illumination is used. In this embodiment, transparent glass is used.

  In general, when the observation image of the specimen 37 in the observation visual field is moved in the observation visual field during observation with the microscope 1, the simplest method is to move the specimen 37 on the mounting plate 34 in a desired direction. It is. If the observation magnification is low, the specimen 37 can be moved by hand to move the observation image to a desired position in the field of view. Also in this embodiment, this method can be used for low-magnification observation. However, as the observation magnification increases, it becomes difficult for this method to move the observation image to a desired position in the field of view. That is, in observation at a high magnification, even if the specimen 37 is slightly moved on the mounting plate 34, the observation image moves greatly within the observation field of view, and in some cases, the observation image moves instantaneously outside the field of view. End up. In other words, in high-magnification observation, in order to move the observation image of the specimen 37 to a desired position within the observation field, it is necessary to move the specimen 37 by a very small distance. Below, the structure of the base part 25 with which the microscope 1 was equipped and the mounting plate 34 is demonstrated in detail so that a sample can be moved only a very small distance.

  In the present embodiment, the diameter of the concave portion 31 that is the mounting plate mounting portion is formed larger than the diameter of the mounting plate 34 by a predetermined amount. Therefore, in the state where the mounting plate 34 is fitted in the recess 31, a gap 40 is formed between the mounting plate 34 and the recess 31. More specifically, when the loading plate 34 is arranged concentrically in the recess 31, a gap is provided over the entire circumference between the outer diameter side of the loading plate 34 and the inner diameter side of the depression 31. The distance in the radial direction of this interval is a. The loaded plate 34 can move within a distance a in a direction substantially perpendicular to the optical axis of the objective lens 4 from a state where it is concentric with the recess 31. In the following description, a direction that intersects the optical axis of the objective lens 4 at a substantially right angle is defined as an xy direction.

  FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the base portion 25 of the microscope 1 according to the first embodiment, and shows a state in which the mounting plate 34 is moved by a distance a from the state of FIG.

  Grease 44 is applied to the contact surface between the lower surface of the loading plate 34 and the bottom surface of the recess 31. By applying the grease 44, an appropriate viscous resistance is generated on the contact surface between the loading plate 34 and the recess 31. Due to this viscous resistance, the loading plate 34 can be moved by a minute distance. A plurality of grooves 43 are formed in the circumferential direction on the bottom surface of the recess 31, and these grooves 43 serve as a grease reservoir. The groove 43 is formed over the entire circumference. For this reason, the lower surface of the loading plate 34 is in contact with the bottom surface of the recess 31 over the entire circumference. The effect of the grease 44 is exhibited by the grease reservoir, and the effect of the grease 44 is further maintained.

  The loading plate 34 is moved directly by hand. For example, the forefinger, middle finger, and ring finger of the left and right hands are placed on both sides of the specimen 37 on the loading plate 34, and a force is applied in the direction in which the finger is to be moved. When the force applied to the loading plate 34 overcomes the viscous resistance of the grease 44, the loading plate 34 moves slowly. In this way, by providing the sliding surface of the loading plate 34 with a viscous resistance, the loading plate 34 moves slowly without suddenly moving greatly even when a force is applied. Therefore, the specimen 37 can be moved by a small distance. When the observation image moves to a desired position within the observation field, the hand is released. Alternatively, the hand is released from the loading plate 34. Then, the loading plate 34 stops moving and is held at the moved position by the viscosity of the grease 44.

  As described above, in the microscope 1 according to the present embodiment, in order to move the observation image within the observation field during observation, the specimen 37 is moved and moved on the mounting plate 34 in the low-magnification observation. In this observation, it is possible to selectively use two methods of moving the loading plate 34 by hand. As a result, the operability and observation efficiency of the microscope 1 can be improved.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, there is no need to attach a stage that can move in the xy directions, so the height of the position of the specimen 37 does not change. Therefore, the performance of the illumination system is not impaired even if it is used in combination with the base unit 25 provided with the transmission illumination system 28. Further, since a structure for attaching the stage is not required, the configuration of the base portion 25 is not complicated, and therefore, an increase in cost can be suppressed. Moreover, since the lower surface of the loading plate 34 is in contact with the bottom surface of the recess 31 over the entire circumference, it is possible to prevent dust and moisture from entering the opening 32 from the gap 40.

Here, the relationship between the value of the distance a and the magnification of the objective lens 4 and the zoom lens 7 will be described. In the present embodiment, the maximum distance that the loading plate 34 can move in a certain direction is twice the distance a, that is, 2a, as shown in FIGS. A value obtained by multiplying the moving distance 2a by the magnification on the image plane (not including the magnification of the eyepiece 13; hereinafter referred to as the total magnification (Mtot)) is the moving distance of the observation image on the observation image plane. Considering that the number of fields of view of the eyepiece 13 is φeye and securing a moving distance equivalent to φeye, the following relationship holds between the value of the distance a and Mtot and φeye.
(1) 2a × Mtot = φeye

  For example, if φeye = 22 mm and a = 1 mm, the value of Mtot that is the observation image moving distance equal to or larger than φeye is Mtot> 11.

In the zoom microscope, the observation overall magnification Mtot is expressed by the following equation, where Mobj is the objective lens magnification and Mzoom is the zoom magnification.
(2) Mtot = Mobj × Mzoom

  For example, when the objective lens magnification is 1 (Mobj = 1), the same observation image moving distance as φeye is satisfied when the zoom magnification is 11 (Mzoom = 11). Similarly, when Mobj = 1.6, Mzoom = 6.8, and when Mobj = 2, Mzoom = 5.5.

  In the microscope 1 according to the present embodiment, four types of magnification (Mobj) of the objective lens 4 are prepared: 0.5 times, 1 time, 1.6 times, and 2 times. The magnification of the zoom lens 7 can take any value between the minimum magnification of 0.64 and the maximum magnification of 15.75. Note that the visual field number φeye of the eyepiece 13 is 22 mm. In this embodiment, in each of these combinations, during observation at a high magnification, the movement of the observation image within the observation field is performed on the real field of the eyepiece lens 13, that is, on the specimen surface actually observed in the eyepiece. The value of the distance a is set from the viewpoint of how much amount can be moved with respect to the range. Hereinafter, numerical examples in which the value of the distance a is specifically set will be described. In addition, the structure of the microscope which concerns on each Example is substantially the same as embodiment mentioned above, and the value of the distance a is different, respectively. Further, the distance a is a value in a state where the loaded plate 34 is arranged concentrically with the recess 31.

(First embodiment)
In the first embodiment, the value of the distance a is set so that the image can be moved by the same distance as the value of the real field in the observation field. The real field of view (unit: mm) is defined by the following equation (3).
(3) Real field of view = Number of fields of view (φeye) / Overall observation magnification (Mtot)

Table 1 shows the value of the real field for each combination of the magnification of the objective lens 13 and the magnification of the zoom lens 7. In addition, a value half of the real field of view and a value of 1/3 of the real field of view are also shown.
(Table 1)
Objective lens magnification Zoom magnification Overall magnification Real field Real field x (1/2) Real field x (1/3)
0.5 0.64 0.32 68.75 34.38 22.92
0.5 15.75 7.88 2.79 1.40 0.93
1.0 0.64 0.64 34.38 17.19 11.46
1.0 15.75 15.75 1.40 0.70 0.47
1.6 0.64 1.02 21.48 10.74 7.16
1.6 15.75 25.20 0.87 0.44 0.29
2.0 0.64 1.28 17.19 8.59 5.73
2.0 15.75 31.50 0.70 0.35 0.23

  As shown in Table 1, the combination with the lowest overall magnification is a combination with an objective lens magnification of 0.5 and a zoom magnification of 0.64. At this time, the total magnification is 0.32 times from the above equation (2), and the real field of view is 68.75 mm from the equation (3). On the other hand, the combination having the highest overall magnification is a combination in which the objective lens magnification is 2 times and the zoom magnification is 15.75 times. At this time, the total magnification is 31.50 times and the real field of view is 0.70 mm. The value of the distance a is set so that the effect is exhibited when the overall magnification is high. In this embodiment, the calculation is based on the actual field of view when the zoom magnification is 15.75 times.

For the combinations shown in Table 1, in order to enable the observation image to move within the observation field by the same value as the actual field, the state where the real field is the largest when the zoom magnification is 15.75 times, that is, the total magnification Mtot is the lowest. The distance a may be set based on the state. The value of the distance a is modified from the equation (1),
(4) 2a = φeye / Mtot
From this, a is obtained by the following equation (5).
(5) a = (1/2) × (φeye / Mtot)

  In this embodiment, as shown in Table 1, since the largest value of the real field of view when the zoom magnification is 15.75 times is 2.79 mm, the value of the distance a is a = 1.40 (mm) from the equation (5). It becomes. Therefore, in this embodiment, the loaded plate 34 and the concave portion 31 are formed so that the distance a is 1.40 (mm).

(Second embodiment)
In the second embodiment, the value of the distance a is set so that the image can be moved by half the value of the real field within the observation field.

As shown in Table 1, the combination with the lowest overall magnification and the combination with the highest overall magnification are the same as in the first embodiment. In order to enable the observation image to move within the observation field by the same value as half the actual field, when the zoom magnification is 15.75, the actual field is the largest, that is, the total magnification is the lowest. Thus, the distance a may be set. Since the movable distance of the observation image is half of the real field of view,
(6) 2a = (1/2) × (φeye / Mtot)
It becomes. From this, a is obtained by the following equation (7).
(7) a = (1/4) × (φeye / Mtot)

  In this embodiment, as shown in Table 1, since the largest value of the real field of view when the zoom magnification is 15.75 times is 2.79 mm, this is substituted into the equation (7), and a = 0.70 (mm) Become. Therefore, in this embodiment, the loaded plate 34 and the recess 31 are formed so that the distance a is 0.70 (mm).

(Third embodiment)
In the third embodiment, the value of the distance a is set so that the image can be moved by 1/3 of the actual visual field within the observation visual field.

As shown in Table 1, the combination with the lowest overall magnification and the combination with the highest overall magnification are the same as in the first embodiment. In order to allow the observation image to move within the observation field by the same value as 1/3 of the actual field, when the zoom magnification is 15.75 times, the real field is the largest, that is, the total magnification is the lowest. The distance a may be set with reference. Since the movable distance of the observation image is 1/3 of the real field of view,
(8) 2a = (1/3) × (φeye / Mtot)
It becomes. From this, a is obtained by the following equation (9).
(9) a = (1/6) × (φeye / Mtot)

  In this embodiment, as shown in Table 1, since the largest value of the real field of view when the zoom magnification is 15.75 times is 2.79 mm, this is substituted into Expression (9), and a = 0.47 (mm). . Therefore, in this embodiment, the loaded plate 34 and the recess 31 are formed so that the distance a is 0.47 (mm).

(Modification)
Next, a modification of the first embodiment will be described.

  FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a base portion 125 of a microscope according to a modified example of the first embodiment. This modified example differs from the first embodiment in the shape of the loaded plate and the recessed portion that is the loaded plate mounting portion. In this modification, a flange 146 is formed on the entire edge of the edge of the upper surface of the loading plate 134. Further, a stepped portion is formed on the edge of the concave portion 131 of the base portion 125 over the entire circumference to form a flange receiving portion 149.

  In this modification, the diameter of the recess 131 is formed by a predetermined amount larger than the diameter of the main body 152 of the loaded plate 134. Further, the diameter of the flange receiving portion 149 of the recess 131 is formed to be larger by a predetermined amount than the outer diameter of the flange 146 of the loaded plate 134. Therefore, in a state where the loading plate 134 is fitted in the recess 131, a gap 140 is formed between the loading plate 134 and the recess 131. More specifically, when the loading plate 134 is disposed concentrically in the recess 131, the outer diameter side of the main body 152 of the loading plate 134 and the inner diameter side of the recess 131, and the outer diameter side of the flange 146, There is a space around the entire circumference between the flange receiving portion 149 and the inner diameter side. In this modification, the distance in the radial direction between the main body 152 of the loaded plate 134 and the inner diameter side of the recess 131 is a. The flange 146 is provided so as to protrude outward from the main body 152 of the loaded plate 134 by a distance larger than the distance a, and covers the gap 140. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

  Since the flange 146 is arranged so as to cover the gap 140 in this way, in addition to the same effect as that of the above embodiment, the illumination light formed in the grease application part and the central part of the recess 131 is used. It is possible to prevent dust and moisture from entering the opening 132 for transmission.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. The configuration of the microscope according to the present embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, and the same configuration will be described using the same reference numerals.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the base portion 225 of the microscope according to the second embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 4, in this embodiment, the loaded plate 234 is held by a holding member 255. The holding member 255 includes a circular bottom plate 258 and a frame portion 261 that is formed on the edge of the upper surface of the bottom plate 258 and extends around the entire circumference. An opening 264 for transmitting illumination light is provided at the center of the bottom plate 258. The loaded plate 234 is held on the inner diameter side of the frame portion 261 of the holding member 255.

  A circular recess 231 is formed on the upper surface of the base portion 225. An opening 232 for transmitting illumination light is provided at the center of the recess 231. The circular concave portion 231 serves as a holding member attaching portion. The holding member 255 is fitted into the recess 231 and disposed. A clamp screw 267 is inserted through the base portion 225 from one side of the base portion 225 toward the center of the recess 231. When the clamp screw 267 is tightened, the tip of the clamp screw 267 presses the outer peripheral side of the frame portion 261 of the holding member 255. As a result, the holding member 255 is pressed against the other side of the recess 231 and fixed to the base portion 225.

  The loaded plate 234 slides with respect to the holding member 255. In the present embodiment, the inner diameter of the frame portion 261 of the holding member 255 is larger than the outer diameter of the loaded plate 234 by a predetermined amount. Therefore, in a state where the loaded plate 234 is fitted into the holding member 255, a gap 240 is formed between these members. More specifically, when the mounting plate 234 is arranged concentrically on the holding member 255, a predetermined gap is provided between the outer diameter side of the mounting plate 234 and the inner diameter side of the frame portion 261 of the holding member 255. . The distance in the radial direction of this interval is a. The loaded plate 234 can move in the range of the distance a in the xy direction.

  Grease 244 is applied to the contact surface between the lower surface of the loading plate 234 and the bottom plate 258 of the holding member 255. By applying the grease 244, an appropriate viscous resistance is generated on the contact surface between the mounting plate 234 and the holding member 255. Due to this viscous resistance, the loading plate 234 can be moved by a minute distance. A plurality of grooves 243 are formed in the circumferential direction on the upper surface of the bottom plate 258, and these grooves 243 serve as a grease reservoir. The grooves 243 can be arranged in various ways, but are formed over the entire circumference in this embodiment. For this reason, the lower surface of the loaded plate 234 is in contact with the upper surface of the bottom plate 258 over the entire circumference. The effect of the grease 244 is exhibited by the grease reservoir, and the effect of the grease 244 is further maintained. The loading plate 234 is directly moved by hand as in the first embodiment.

  With such a configuration, in this embodiment as well as in the first embodiment, in order to move the observation image of the specimen 37 within the field of view during observation, the specimen 37 on the mounting plate 234 is used for low-magnification observation. In the high-magnification observation, it is possible to use either of two methods of moving the loading plate 234 by hand. As a result, the operability of the microscope and the efficiency of observation can be improved. Further, since it is not necessary to attach a stage for placing the specimen, the height of the specimen position does not change, and the performance of the illumination system is impaired even when used in combination with the base portion 225 provided with the transmission illumination system 28. There is no. Further, since a structure for attaching the stage is not required, the configuration is not complicated, and therefore, an increase in cost can be suppressed. Further, since the lower surface of the loaded plate 234 is in contact with the upper surface of the bottom plate 258 over the entire circumference, it is possible to prevent dust and moisture from entering the openings 264 and 232 from the gap 240.

  In the present embodiment, the holding member 255 can be removed from the base portion 225 for maintenance or the like. When removing the holding member 255, the clamp screw 267 may be loosened. At this time, the loaded plate 234 may remain attached to the holding member 255. As described above, the holding member 255 and the loaded plate 234 can be integrally removed, so that the grease 244 interposed between the holding member 255 and the loaded plate 234 is not exposed to the outside. Therefore, it is possible to prevent dust from adhering to the effect of the grease 244 during maintenance or the like.

  Note that the relationship between the value of the distance a and the magnifications of the objective lens 4 and the zoom lens 7 and the combination of the magnification of the objective lens 4 and the magnification of the zoom lens 7 are the same as those in the first embodiment. . Further, in the numerical example in which the value of the distance a of the gap 240 is specifically set, there is a difference that the gap 240 is formed between the mounting plate 234 and the holding member 255, but the first embodiment. It can obtain | require by the calculation similar to each Example of these. Therefore, the value of the distance a in the numerical example is the same as that in each example of the first embodiment.

(First modification)
Next, a first modification of the second embodiment will be described.

  FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the base 225 of the microscope according to the first modification of the second embodiment. This modified example differs from the second embodiment in the shapes of the loaded plate and the holding member. In this modification, a flange 246 is formed over the entire periphery at the edge of the upper surface of the loaded plate 235. The frame portion 262 of the holding member 256 is formed such that the upper end portion is lower than the upper surface of the base portion 225 in a state where the frame portion 262 is disposed in the concave portion 231 that is the holding member attachment portion. Therefore, a step portion is formed by the upper end portion of the frame portion 262 of the holding member 256 and the edge of the concave portion 231. This step portion is a flange receiving portion 249.

  In this modification, the inner diameter of the frame portion 262 of the holding member 256 is formed by a predetermined amount larger than the diameter of the main body portion 252 of the loaded plate 235. Further, the diameter of the recess 231 is formed to be larger by a predetermined amount than the outer diameter of the flange 246 of the loaded plate 235. Therefore, in a state where the holding member 256 holding the loading plate 235 is fitted in the recess 231, a gap 241 is formed between the loading plate 235 and the holding member 256, and at the same time, the loading plate 235 and the depression 231 A gap is formed between the two. More specifically, when the mounting plate 235 is concentrically disposed on the holding member 256, the flange 252 is formed between the outer diameter side of the main body 252 of the mounting plate 235 and the inner diameter side of the frame portion 262 of the holding member 256, and the flange. Between the outer diameter side of 246 and the inner diameter side of the concave portion 231, there is a gap over the entire circumference. In this modification, the distance in the radial direction between the main body 252 of the loaded plate 235 and the holding member 256 is a. The flange 246 is provided so as to protrude outward from the main body 252 of the loaded plate 235 by a distance larger than the distance a, and covers the gap 241. Other configurations and numerical examples are the same as those of the second embodiment.

  In this modified example, since the flange 246 is formed so as to cover the gap 241, in addition to the same effect as that of the second embodiment, dust and moisture enter the grease application portion and the openings 264 and 232. Can be prevented.

(Second modification)
Next, a second modification of the second embodiment will be described.

  FIG. 6A is a partial cross-sectional view of the base portion 225 of the microscope according to the second modification example of the second embodiment. In this modification, the shapes of the loaded plate and the holding member are the same as those in the second embodiment (see FIG. 4).

  In this modification, a screw hole 270 is provided through the base portion 225 and the frame portion 261 of the holding member 255 from the front side of the base portion 225 toward the center of the concave portion 231 that is a holding member attachment portion. A female screw is formed in the screw hole 270, and an adjustment screw 273 is screwed. The adjustment screw 273 can change the distance a of the gap 240 by screwing. In addition, although the clearance gap 240 is formed over the perimeter, in this modification, distance a is the state (state of each figure of FIG. 6) which looked at the base part 225 from the left side (or right side) seeing from the observer. The distance.

  The state shown in FIG. 6A, that is, the state where the tip of the adjustment screw 273 is inside the frame portion 261 of the holding member 255 and does not protrude from the inner peripheral surface is the state where the distance a is the largest. When the adjustment screw 273 is screwed from this state, the tip protrudes from the inner peripheral surface of the frame portion 261. FIG. 6B shows a state in which the adjustment screw 273 protrudes from the inner peripheral surface of the frame portion 261 in the center direction by a distance b. When the loading plate 234 is moved rightward in this state, the right side surface of the loading plate 234 contacts the tip of the adjustment screw 273 and does not reach the frame portion 261 of the holding member 255. That is, the initial distance a of the gap 240 is (2a−b) / 2, and the movable distance of the loaded plate 234 is reduced.

  FIG. 6C shows a state in which the adjustment screw 273 protrudes from the inner peripheral surface of the frame portion 261 in the center direction by a distance 2a. This state is a state in which the adjustment screw 273 is screwed in as far as possible, and the loading plate 234 has one side abutting against the frame portion 261 of the holding member 255 and the other end abutting against the tip of the adjustment screw 273. It touches. That is, the initial distance a is 0 (zero), and the loading plate 234 is restricted from moving. This state is set when the loading plate 234 does not want to move during observation.

  Thus, in this modification, the value of the distance a can be changed by adjusting the screwing amount of the adjustment screw 273. In other words, the movable distance of the loading plate 234 can be adjusted. Thereby, it can adjust to the optimal distance a corresponding to observation magnification, and can raise the efficiency of observation.

  The adjustment screw 273 may be provided at two locations. That is, it may be provided at an angular position of approximately 60 ° from the observer side to the left and right as viewed from the center of the recess 231. In this way, the movable distance of the loaded plate 234 in the left-right direction can also be adjusted.

  Further, the fixing means for the mounting plate 234 when the mounting plate 234 is not desired to move during observation may be a ring-shaped member formed with a width of a distance a. By fitting this in the gap 240, the movement of the loaded plate 234 can be restricted.

(Third embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. The configuration of the microscope according to the present embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first and second embodiments, and the same configuration will be described using the same reference numerals.

FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of the base portion 325 of the microscope according to the third embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 7, in this embodiment, the loaded plate 334 is held by a holding member 355. The holding member 355 according to the present embodiment is formed in an annular shape, and a circular loading plate 334 is fitted into a hole on the inner peripheral side of the annular portion 376. A clamp screw 367 is fastened to the annular portion 376 through the annular portion 376 from the outer peripheral surface on one side to the inner peripheral surface side. The tip of the clamp screw 367 presses the outer peripheral side of the mounting plate 334, whereby the mounting plate 334 is pressed against the other side of the inner peripheral surface of the holding member 355 and fixed. In this state, the upper surface of the mounting plate 334 protrudes and is fixed above the upper surface of the annular portion 376, and a step portion 379 is formed by the edge of the upper surface of the mounting plate 334 and the upper surface of the holding member 355. ing.

  A circular recess 331 is formed on the upper surface of the base portion 325. An opening 332 for transmitting illumination light is provided at the center of the recess 331. The concave portion 331 is a holding member attaching portion. The holding member 355 is fitted into the recess 331.

  In the present embodiment, the holding member 355 slides with respect to the base portion 325. In the present embodiment, the diameter of the recess 331 is formed to be larger than the outer diameter of the holding member 355 by a predetermined amount. Therefore, in the state where the holding member 355 is fitted in the recess 331, a gap 340 is formed between the holding member 355 and the recess 331. More specifically, when the holding member 355 is arranged concentrically in the recess 331, a predetermined interval is provided between the outer diameter side of the holding member 355 and the inner diameter side of the recess 331. The distance in the radial direction of this interval is a. Therefore, the loaded plate 334 is integrated with the holding member 355 so as to be movable within the distance a in the xy direction.

  Grease 344 is applied to the contact surface between the lower surface of the holding member 355 and the bottom surface of the recess 331. By applying the grease 344, an appropriate viscous resistance is generated on the contact surface between the holding member 355 and the recess 331. Due to this viscous resistance, the holding member 355 can be moved by a minute distance. A plurality of grooves 343 are formed in the circumferential direction on the bottom surface of the recess 331, and these grooves 343 serve as a grease reservoir. The groove 343 is formed over the entire circumference. For this reason, the lower surface of the holding member 355 is in contact with the bottom surface of the recess 331 over the entire circumference. The effect of the grease 344 is exhibited by the grease reservoir, and the effect of the grease 344 is further maintained. The loading plate 334 is directly moved by hand as in the first embodiment.

  With such a configuration, in this embodiment as well as in the first embodiment, in order to move the observation image within the field of view during observation, the specimen 37 is moved on the mounting plate 334 in low magnification observation. In high-magnification observation, the two methods of moving and moving the loading plate 334 by hand can be used properly. As a result, the operability of the microscope and the efficiency of observation can be improved. Further, since it is not necessary to attach a stage for mounting the specimen, the height of the specimen position does not change, and the performance of the illumination system is impaired even when used in combination with the base portion 325 provided with the transmission illumination system 28. There is no. Furthermore, since a structure for attaching the stage is not required, the configuration of the base portion 325 is not complicated, and therefore, an increase in cost can be suppressed. Further, since the lower surface of the holding member 355 is in contact with the bottom surface of the recess 331 over the entire circumference, it is possible to prevent dust and moisture from entering the opening 332 from the gap 340.

  In this embodiment, the pressing member 382 is disposed on the holding member 355 so that the holding member 355 slides smoothly within the recess 331 that is the holding member mounting portion without rattling. The pressing member 382 is formed in a thin annular shape, and the outer diameter side is fitted into a step portion 380 formed at the edge of the recess 331. The inner diameter of the holding member 382 is formed larger than the diameter of the mounting plate 334, and when the holding member 355 disposed in the center of the recess 331 moves by the distance a, the mounting plate 334 protruding upward from the holding member 355 is formed. Abutting on the outer peripheral side, the movement of the holding member 355 is restricted. Further, the width of the ring of the pressing member 382 is formed such that the gap 340 between the holding member 355 and the recess 331 can be covered regardless of the position of the holding member 355 in the recess 331. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent dust and moisture from entering the grease application part and the opening 332 from the outside.

  In the present embodiment, the loaded plate 334 can be removed for maintenance or the like. When removing the loaded plate 334, the holding member 382 may be removed and the clamp screw 367 may be loosened. In the present embodiment, only the loaded plate 334 is removed while the holding member 355 is attached to the recess 331. If it does so, the grease 344 interposed between the holding member 355 and the recessed part 331 will not be exposed outside. Since the grease 344 is not exposed, it is possible to prevent dust from adhering to the sliding surface during maintenance or the like.

  Note that the relationship between the value of the distance a and the magnifications of the objective lens 4 and the zoom lens 7 and the combination of the magnification of the objective lens 4 and the magnification of the zoom lens 7 are the same as those in the first embodiment. . Further, in the numerical example in which the value of the distance a of the gap 340 is specifically set, there is a difference that the gap 340 is formed between the holding member 355 and the recess 331, but each of the first embodiment is different. It can be obtained by the same calculation as in the embodiment. Therefore, the value of the distance a is the same as that of each example of the first embodiment.

(Fourth embodiment)
Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. The configuration of the microscope according to this embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first to third embodiments, and the same configuration will be described using the same reference numerals.

  FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of the base portion 425 of the microscope according to the fourth embodiment. FIG. 9 is a plan view showing the base portion 425 with a part cut away.

  As shown in FIG. 8, in this embodiment, the loaded plate 434 is held by a holding member 455. The holding member 455 according to the present embodiment is formed in an annular shape as in the third embodiment, and a circular workpiece plate 434 is fitted into a hole on the inner peripheral side of the annular portion 476. A clamp screw 467 is fastened to the annular portion 476 through the annular portion 476 from the outer peripheral side on one side to the inner peripheral side. The tip of the clamp screw 467 presses the outer peripheral side of the mounting plate 434, whereby the mounting plate 434 is pressed against the other side of the inner peripheral surface of the holding member 455 and fixed. In this state, the upper surface of the mounting plate 434 protrudes and is fixed above the upper surface of the annular portion 476, and a step portion 479 is formed by the edge of the upper surface of the mounting plate 434 and the upper surface of the holding member 455. ing. As shown in FIG. 8, the annular portion 476 is formed such that the outer diameter on the lower surface side is larger than the outer diameter on the upper surface side, and the outer peripheral surface 477 is tapered.

  A circular recess 431 is formed on the upper surface of the base portion 425. An opening 432 for transmitting illumination light is provided at the center of the recess 431. The circular recess 431 serves as a holding member mounting portion. The holding member 455 is disposed by being fitted into the recess 431.

  In the present embodiment, the holding member 455 slides with respect to the base portion 425 as in the third embodiment. In the present embodiment, the diameter of the recess 431 is formed by a predetermined amount larger than the outer diameter of the lower surface of the holding member 455. Therefore, in a state where the holding member 455 is fitted in the recess 431, a gap 440 is formed between the holding member 455 and the recess 431. More specifically, when the holding member 455 is arranged concentrically in the recess 431, a predetermined interval is left between the outer diameter side of the lower surface of the holding member 455 and the inner diameter side of the recess 431. The distance in the radial direction of the interval on the lower surface side is defined as a. Accordingly, the loaded plate 434 is integrated with the holding member 455 so as to be movable by the distance a in the xy direction.

  Grease 444 is applied to the contact surface between the lower surface of the holding member 455 and the bottom surface of the recess 431. By applying the grease 444, an appropriate viscous resistance is generated on the contact surface between the holding member 455 and the recess 431. A plurality of grooves 443 are formed in the circumferential direction on the bottom surface of the recess 431, and these grooves 443 serve as a grease reservoir. The groove 443 is formed over the entire circumference. For this reason, the lower surface of the holding member 455 is in contact with the bottom surface of the recess 431 over the entire circumference. The effect of the grease 444 is exhibited by the grease reservoir, and the effect of the grease 444 is further maintained. Further, as in the third embodiment, a holding member 482 is provided on the holding member 455.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, centering knobs 485 are provided at two locations on the front side of the base portion 425. The centering knob 485 is provided at an angular position of approximately 60 ° from the observer side to the left and right as viewed from the center of the recess 431. Each centering knob 485 is inserted into a hole provided through the base portion 425 from the outside of the base portion 425 toward the center of the recess 431. On the other hand, a compression spring 488 is provided on the back side of the base portion 425. One end of the compression spring 488 is fixed to the base 425, and the other end is covered with a hemispherical protective cover 491. The hemispherical portion of the protective cover 491 is in contact with the outer peripheral surface 477 on the back side of the holding member 455 and biases the holding member 455 toward the front side of the base portion 425. By this urging force, the outer peripheral surface 477 on the front side of the holding member 455 comes into contact with the tip of each centering knob 485. Since the holding member 455 has a tapered outer peripheral surface 477, rattling is suppressed by the tips of the compression spring 488 and the centering knob 485 coming into contact with the outer peripheral surface 477.

  In the present embodiment, the loading plate 434 is moved by adjusting the insertion state of each centering knob 485. Since the holding member 455 is biased to the near side by the compression spring 488, the holding member 455 can be moved by pushing the centering knobs 485 toward the center or pulling them outward from the center. Since the centering knob 485 is provided along two directions, the holding member 455 can be moved in the xy direction by adjusting the respective insertion states. Since the grease 444 is interposed between the holding member 455 and the recess 431, the loaded plate 431 moves slowly without moving greatly due to the viscous resistance of the grease 444. Therefore, the specimen can be moved by a small distance.

  With this configuration, the operability of the microscope and the observation efficiency can be improved also in this embodiment. Further, since it is not necessary to attach a stage for mounting the specimen, the height of the position of the specimen 37 does not change, and the performance of the illumination system is impaired even when used in combination with the base portion 425 provided with the transmission illumination system 28. There is nothing. Further, since a structure for attaching the stage is not required, the configuration is not complicated, and therefore, an increase in cost can be suppressed. Further, since the lower surface of the holding member 455 is in contact with the bottom surface of the recess 431 over the entire circumference, it is possible to prevent dust and moisture from entering the opening 432 from the gap 440.

  In the present embodiment, the holding member 455 can be detached from the base portion 425 for maintenance or the like. When the holding member 455 is removed, the presser member 482 may be removed and the centering knobs 485 may be moved in the pulling direction. In this embodiment, the holding member 455 removes only the loaded plate 434 while attached to the recess 431. If it does so, the grease 444 interposed between the holding member 455 and the recessed part 431 will not be exposed outside. Since the grease 444 is not exposed, it is possible to prevent dust from adhering during maintenance.

  Note that the relationship between the value of the distance a and the magnifications of the objective lens 4 and the zoom lens 7 and the combination of the magnification of the objective lens 4 and the magnification of the zoom lens 7 are the same as those in the first embodiment. . Further, in the numerical example in which the value of the distance a of the gap 440 is specifically set, there is a difference that the gap 440 is formed between the holding member 455 and the recess 431, but each of the first embodiment is different. It can be obtained by the same calculation as in the embodiment. Therefore, the value of the distance a is the same as that of each example of the first embodiment.

  The embodiments, examples, and modifications (hereinafter referred to as embodiments) of the present invention have been described above, but the configuration of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and the like. For example, the adjustment screw that changes the value of the distance a described in the second modification of the second embodiment and the ring-shaped member that is a fixing means that restricts the movement of the loaded plate are used in other embodiments and the like. You can also. Further, the value of the distance a can be changed as appropriate. Moreover, in the said embodiment etc., although grease is used as a member which produces viscous resistance on a sliding surface, it may replace with this and may interpose oil or felt. Moreover, although the said embodiment etc. demonstrated the example which applied this invention to the zoom type | mold microscope, it is applicable also to other types of microscopes.

(Claim 1)
An observation optical system including an objective lens;
A plate for mounting a specimen to be observed by the observation optical system;
A base portion provided with a plate placement portion on which the plate is placed,
The plate can move in a direction substantially perpendicular to the optical axis of the objective lens, and a space allowing the movement of the plate is formed between the plate and the plate placement portion. A holding member for holding the plate is disposed;
A microscope which allows the movement of the plate is formed between the plate and the holding member.
(Claim 2)
An observation optical system including an objective lens;
A plate for mounting a specimen to be observed by the observation optical system;
A base portion provided with a plate placement portion on which the plate is placed,
The plate can move in a direction substantially perpendicular to the optical axis of the objective lens, and a space allowing the movement of the plate is formed between the plate and the plate placement portion. A holding member for holding the plate is disposed;
A space allowing the movement of the plate is formed between the holding member and the plate placement portion,
The microscope, wherein an annular member for facilitating the movement of the plate is disposed in the plate arrangement portion so as to cover a space allowing the movement of the plate.
(Claim 3)
2. The movement of the plate is performed by sliding elements forming a space allowing the movement in a direction intersecting with the optical axis of the objective lens at a substantially right angle. Or the microscope of 2.
(Claim 4)
The microscope according to claim 3, wherein a member that generates viscous resistance is interposed in a sliding portion between the elements that form the space allowing the movement.
(Claim 5)
The microscope according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising operation means for moving the plate.
(Claim 6)
The microscope according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising variable means capable of changing a range in which the plate can move.
(Claim 7)
The microscope according to claim 6, further comprising a fixing unit that restricts the movement of the plate.
(Claim 8)
The microscope according to claim 7, wherein the fixing unit is the variable unit that can change the movable range.
(Claim 9)
The microscope according to claim 7, wherein the fixing means is a ring-shaped member that is fitted into a space that allows the movement.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Microscope 4 Objective lens 7 Zoom lens 10 Lens tube 13 Eyepiece 16 Focus mount 19 Stand 22 Support part 25, 125, 225, 325, 425 Base part 28 Transmission illumination system 31, 131, 231, 331, 431 Recess 32, 132 232, 332 432 Opening 34, 134, 234, 235, 334, 434 Loading plate 37 Specimen 40, 140, 240, 241, 340, 440 Gap 43, 143, 243, 343, 443 Groove 44, 144, 244, 344, 444 Grease 146, 246 Flange 149, 249 Flange receiving portion 152, 252 Mounting plate main body portion 255, 256, 355, 455 Holding member 258 Bottom plate 261, 262 Frame portion 264 Opening 267, 367, 467 Clamp screw 270 Screw Hole 273 adjustment 376, 476 Ring portions 379, 479 Step portions 382, 482 Holding member 485 Centering knob 488 Compression spring 491 Protective cover

Claims (1)

  Invention described in the specification.

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