JP2016170907A - Luminaire - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a direct type luminaire using a light-emitting diode, which suppresses deterioration of light quantity and reduces glare.SOLUTION: A luminaire includes: on a surface of a substrate, a light source module comprising a mounting substrate mounted with one or more light-emitting diodes, and a light guide wall installed on a light emission side with respect to the mounting substrate; and on the light emission surface side of the light source module, a light diffusion member containing a light diffusion layer formed by a thermoplastic resin composition containing a light diffusion agent. In the luminaire, the relative light beam permeability of the light diffusion member is 2 or more and 20 or less, and a light distribution angle is 15° or more and 70° or less.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a lighting fixture. Specifically, the present invention relates to a lighting fixture that reduces the amount of light while reducing the glare when the lighting fixture is viewed directly (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as glare).

  In recent years, from the viewpoint of ecology, lighting fixtures using light-emitting diodes that have low power consumption, are resistant to vibration, are extremely bright and can emit light stably for a long time have come to be used. . However, the light emitting diode has strong directivity of the emitted light, and the light distribution of the emitted light is biased toward the front direction of the emission direction. Therefore, in a direct type lighting fixture using a light emitting diode, it is easy to feel glare or glare due to light emitted from the light source when the light emitting diode portion is viewed directly. Therefore, in a lighting fixture using a light emitting diode, it is necessary to reduce glare and glare caused by light emitted from the light source, while it is necessary to efficiently diffuse the emitted light and improve the function as a lighting fixture. .

  As a method for solving the above-described problem, a method of diffusing light emitted from a light emitting diode with a light diffusing member such as a light diffusing plate or a light diffusing film in a direct lighting fixture is disclosed.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a method for reducing glare caused by emitted light by providing a light diffusing surface plate having a total light transmittance of 20 to 70% on the light exit surface. This method is an effective method for reducing the glare, but the total light transmittance of the light diffusion surface plate is as low as 20 to 70%, so that the amount of light is reduced.

  On the other hand, Patent Document 2 discloses a lighting fixture using a light-up (registered trademark) LSE100 manufactured by Kimoto as a light diffusing member. In Patent Document 2, unlike Patent Document 1, since a light diffusing member having a low haze and a low light diffusivity is used, a decrease in the amount of light is suppressed, but the light diffusivity of the light diffusing member is low. The suppression of glare is insufficient.

  Therefore, the reduction in glare and the decrease in light amount are anti-paradoxical events, and there is a need for a lighting fixture that suppresses the decrease in light amount and reduces the glare.

JP 2008-270144 A JP 2012-186022 A

  An object of the present invention is to provide a lighting fixture in which a decrease in the amount of light is suppressed and the glare is reduced in a direct-type lighting fixture using a light emitting diode having strong directivity of emitted light.

  The inventors of the present invention have intensively studied about coexistence of suppression of a decrease in light amount and reduction of glare, which has been conventionally regarded as a contradictory phenomenon. As a result, in the light diffusing member to be incorporated for the purpose of reducing glare, the present invention is completed by finding that the above problem can be solved by optimizing the light diffusing method and the optical characteristics of the light diffusing member. It came to. The “light quantity” is the total amount of light flux that passes through a certain surface within a certain time. The “light quantity” is the light quantity from the light diffusing member when light is incident in a direction perpendicular to the light diffusing member. It has a high correlation with the intensity of light having a wavelength of 550 nm that is emitted in an orthogonal direction (the same direction as the perpendicular direction). Further, “dazzle” has a high correlation with the value of the maximum luminance rate when observed from the front of the lighting fixture.

  The present invention provides a light source module comprising a mounting substrate on which one or more light emitting diodes are mounted on the surface of the substrate, a light guide wall installed on the light output side of the mounting substrate, and a light source module on the light output surface side of the light source module. A light diffusing member including a light diffusing layer formed from a thermoplastic resin composition containing a diffusing agent, wherein the light diffusing member is measured by the method described in the specification. The relative light transmittance is 2 to 20 and the light distribution angle of the light emitted from the light diffusing member is simultaneously satisfied to be 15 ° to 70 °.

  It is preferable that the light distribution angle of light entering the light diffusing member is 70 ° or more.

  The total luminous flux is preferably 500 Lm or more.

  The distance between the light emitting diode and the light diffusing member is preferably 5 mm or more.

  The light diffusing member is preferably made of a polycarbonate resin composition. The polycarbonate-based resin composition includes a polycarbonate resin and polymer fine particles having a refractive index difference of 0.01 to 0.08 and a mass average particle diameter of 1 μm to 12 μm. Is preferred. Furthermore, the polymer fine particles are preferably acrylic-styrene copolymer fine particles.

  By using the lighting fixture of the present invention, it is possible to achieve both the characteristics of a trade-off between suppression of a decrease in the amount of light and reduction of glare while maintaining the feature of the light emitting diode that consumes less power. Therefore, it can be suitably used as a lighting fixture for a wide range of uses such as residential use, facility use, and outdoor use.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a light source module used in the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing how to obtain the opening angle of the light source module used in the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the relative light transmittance and the maximum luminance rate when the light diffusing members of Examples 1-1 and 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-6 are used. . FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the light output light distribution angle and the maximum luminance rate when the light diffusing members of Examples 1-1 and 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-6 are used. . FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between relative light transmittance and direct illuminance when the light diffusing members of Examples 1-1 and 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-6 are used. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the light output light distribution angle and the illuminance directly below when the light diffusing members of Examples 1-1 and 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-6 are used. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the light receiving angle and the relative illuminance in Examples 3-1 and 3-2, Comparative Examples 3-1 and 3-2, and Reference Example.

[lighting equipment]
A lighting fixture according to the present invention includes a mounting substrate having a light emitting diode (hereinafter referred to as LED) on the surface of the substrate, a light source module having a light guide wall for guiding light emitted from the LED in a predetermined direction, and the light source. A light diffusing member is provided on the light exit surface side (radiation direction of the LED) of the module. Moreover, you may use as a lighting fixture in the state provided with the light-diffusion member in the light source module, and is good also as a lighting fixture which improved the design property by accommodating a light source module in a housing | casing etc.

[Light source module]
The light source module used in the present invention includes a mounting substrate on which one or more LEDs mounted on the surface of the substrate are mounted, and a light guide wall installed on the light output side from the mounting substrate. The mounting substrate used in the present invention may be a flat surface or a curved surface. The light guiding direction is not particularly limited, and may be a direction perpendicular to the light emitting surface (mounting substrate) or an oblique direction. The substrate may be a flexible material such as a film or sheet, or may be a rigid material made of a cured resin, metal, ceramics, or the like.

The light guide wall is provided on the light output side of the LED, but the shape of the light guide wall is not limited, and a structure that matches the shape of the mounting substrate on which the LED is provided is preferable. A part of the housing of the lighting fixture may be used as the light guide wall, or a light guide wall may be separately incorporated on the inner surface of the housing. The height of the light guide wall when the mounting substrate is the bottom surface is not limited, but is preferably 5 mm to 50 mm. In the case of less than 5 mm, even if a light diffusing member, which will be described later, is installed on the light output side of the LED, glare caused by the LED may not be sufficiently reduced by the light diffusing member. If it exceeds 50 mm, the thickness of the lighting fixture becomes too thick, which is not preferable.
The angle formed by the light guide wall and the LED mounting substrate surface is not limited, but is preferably 85 ° or more. When the angle is less than 85 °, the light is condensed too much, and the incident light distribution angle described later may not be 70 ° or more. The upper limit is not particularly limited, but is about 160 °.

From the viewpoint of improving the extraction efficiency of light emitted from the LED, it is preferable to incorporate a reflecting member on the inner surface of the light guide wall. Moreover, although the material, thickness, etc. of a light guide wall are not limited, As a material of a light guide wall, a metal, an alloy, ceramics, resin, etc. are mentioned, for example.
Further, a heat dissipation measure can be taken by laminating a heat dissipation member or incorporating a heat dissipation fin on the surface of the mounting substrate opposite to the LED installation surface. Moreover, it is also possible to incorporate a LED into a housing to make a lighting fixture.

  Although an example of a light source module is shown in FIG. 1, it is not limited to this shape. A light source module 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes a rectangular mounting board 2 on which LEDs (not shown) are mounted, and further guides light emitted from the LEDs in a direction perpendicular to the mounting board 2. Four rectangular light guide walls 3 are provided. All the light guide walls 3 share one side with the mounting substrate 2 and are provided so as to be perpendicular to the mounting substrate 2, and the angle formed between the light guide wall 3 and the mounting substrate 2 is 90 °.

(LED)
The shape of the LED used in the present invention may be any structure such as a bullet type LED, a surface mounted device (SMD) type LED, a COB (Chip On Board) type LED, and a power type LED. SMD type LEDs or COB type LEDs are preferred. The SMD type LED may be a chip type LED, and the SMD type LED may be a type with a lens in which an optical lens is incorporated in a chip type element.

The optical lens can be divided into a primary lens and a secondary lens. A primary lens is a lens that is directly mounted on an LED chip. A light emitting element in the LED emits light, reflects light emitted from the LED package in which the element is incorporated, and thickens the emitted light. It is a reflective lens for irradiating to. The secondary lens is a diffusing lens, and mainly uses beam dispersion. The optical lens preferably has a concave structure. With the concave structure, the incident light distribution angle can be increased.
As the optical lens, either a primary lens or a secondary lens may be used, or both may be used together. In particular, when the primary lens and the secondary lens are used in combination, it is preferable that the secondary lens is a concave lens because the influence of the secondary lens mounted on the light output side is large. The primary lens is also preferably a concave lens, but is not limited.

  In the present invention, it is preferable that one or a plurality of LEDs are installed on one surface of the substrate (the bottom surface of the light source module), and it is preferable that the LED be a so-called direct light source module type. In particular, it is preferable to use a mounting substrate in which a plurality of LEDs are installed on one surface of the substrate. When a plurality of LEDs are installed, the number of LEDs and the arrangement state are not limited.

[Light distribution angle of light entering the light diffusion member (light distribution angle)]
It is preferable that the light distribution angle of light entering the light diffusing member (hereinafter referred to as the light incident light distribution angle) is 70 ° or more. More preferably 75 ° or more, and still more preferably 80 ° or more. When the incident light distribution angle is less than 70 °, there is a concern that the degree of decrease in the amount of light emitted from the light diffusing member due to the installation of the light diffusing member may increase. Although an upper limit is not limited, it is about 160 degrees from technical difficulty. The method for measuring the incident light distribution angle in the present invention will be described in detail in Examples.

  When the incident light distribution angle satisfies the above range, glare can be reduced in a form that suppresses the decrease in the amount of light. However, when the incident light distribution angle is less than the above range, there is a possibility that the decrease in the amount of light may be large, which is not preferable. However, even in this case, there is a case where a decrease in the amount of light can be suppressed by changing the material of the light diffusing member. Furthermore, the light diffusing member used in the present invention reduces the difference between the incident light distribution angle of the light passing through the light diffusing member and the outgoing light distribution angle of the light passing through the light diffusing member. Even when the angle is small, the light distribution angle can be reduced, the decrease in the light amount can be suppressed, and the glare can be reduced in some cases.

[Control method of incident light distribution angle]
In the present invention, the method for controlling the incident light distribution angle within the above-mentioned preferable range is not limited, but it is preferable to adjust and control the opening angle of the light source module described below. Further, for example, a method using a light source including a lens-type LED in which a concave optical lens is incorporated in a chip-type element is also one preferred embodiment. The incident light distribution angle may be controlled by combining these methods.

[Opening angle of light source module]
When the opening formed on the light exit surface side of the light source module is rectangular, circular, or elliptical, the opening angle of the light source module is determined as follows.
When the opening is rectangular, two points which are the minimum distance when connecting a point on the outer periphery of the opening and a point on the side opposite to the point are point A and point B, and the line segment AB An intersection of the mounting substrate and the perpendicular when a perpendicular is drawn from the midpoint toward the mounting substrate is defined as a point C. Then, an angle connecting point A, point C, and point B is defined as an opening angle.
When the opening is circular, both ends of the diameter of the opening are two points A and B, and the intersection of the mounting board and the perpendicular when the perpendicular is drawn from the midpoint of the line segment AB toward the mounting board C. Then, an angle connecting point A, point C, and point B is defined as an opening angle.
When the opening of the light guide wall of the light source module is elliptical, the two ends A and B of the short diameter of the opening are mounted at two points A and B, and the perpendicular line is drawn from the midpoint of the line segment AB toward the mounting board. Let the intersection of the substrate and the perpendicular be a point C. Then, an angle connecting point A, point C, and point B is defined as an opening angle.

  FIG. 2 specifically shows how to obtain the opening angle when the opening is rectangular, circular, or elliptical. In the light source module 1 including the mounting substrate 2 and the light guide wall 3, the shortest distance, the diameter, or the short diameter described above is determined, and both ends thereof are defined as point A and point B. The intersection of the mounting substrate 2 and the perpendicular when the perpendicular line is drawn from the midpoint of the line segment AB of the length L toward the mounting substrate is a point C, and the angle connecting the point A, the point C, and the point B Is an opening angle of 4. Even if the opening is rectangular, circular, or elliptical, the mounting board may not intersect the vertical line when a perpendicular is drawn from the midpoint of the line segment AB toward the mounting board. In this case, an intersection point between the plane including the mounting substrate and the perpendicular is defined as a point C.

  The opening angle is preferably 100 ° to 170 °, and more preferably 105 ° to 170 °. If it is less than 100 °, the incident light distribution angle is less than the above range, and the illuminance characteristics may be deteriorated. On the other hand, when the angle exceeds 170 °, the light source module is too thin (the height of the light source module is low when the mounting substrate is used as the bottom surface), and the luminance characteristics may be deteriorated.

[Light diffusion member]
The light diffusing member used in the present invention includes at least one light diffusing layer formed from a thermoplastic resin composition containing a light diffusing agent. The configuration of the light diffusing member is not particularly limited, the relative light transmittance measured by the method described in the examples is 2 or more and 20 or less, and the light distribution angle of the light emitted from the light diffusing member is 15 °. What is necessary is just to become 70 degrees or less.

  As a method of diffusing light, light passing through the light diffusing member is diffused by the light scattering effect of the light diffusing agent contained in the light diffusing member (hereinafter referred to as internal diffusion method), or the surface of the light diffusing member is fine. And a method of diffusing light by forming a concavo-convex pattern by a refraction phenomenon of the surface structure (hereinafter referred to as a surface diffusion method). The present invention is characterized in that light is diffused (by an internal diffusion method) by a light diffusion layer containing a light diffusing agent.

  The light diffusing member used in the present invention may be a light diffusing member in which fine irregularities are formed on the surface of the light diffusing member as long as light is diffused by the internal diffusion method by the light diffusing layer. That is, as a method for diffusing light, an internal diffusion method and a surface diffusion method may be used in combination.

  The light diffusing member used in the present invention only needs to include at least one light diffusing layer, and the light diffusing member is composed of only one light diffusing layer or two or more light diffusing layers. It may be a thing. The light diffusing member may be a light diffusing member including layers other than the light diffusing layer, and the light diffusing layer may be present in the surface layer or in the inner layer.

  The light diffusing member used in the present invention may be incorporated into the lighting fixture in a flat state, or may be incorporated into the lighting fixture after processing a curved surface.

(Relative light transmittance of light diffusing member)
The relative light transmittance of the light diffusing member used in the present invention is 2 or more, preferably 3 or more, more preferably 4 or more. The relative light transmittance is 20 or less, preferably 18 or less, and more preferably 15 or less. The method for measuring the relative light transmittance will be described in detail in Examples.

(Light distribution angle of light emitted from the light diffusing member (light distribution angle))
The light distribution angle of light emitted from the light diffusing member used in the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the “light distribution angle”) is 15 ° or more, preferably 18 ° or more, more preferably 20 ° or more, most The angle is preferably 22 ° or more. Further, the outgoing light distribution angle is 70 ° or less, preferably 60 ° or less, and more preferably 50 ° or less. A method for measuring the light output light distribution angle will be described in detail in Examples.

  The outgoing light distribution angle is a measure of the degree of diffusion of light when the light diffusing member is used, and is an index of the degree of change in the spread of light due to light passing through the light diffusing member. Further, similarly to the relative light transmittance, the outgoing light distribution angle can be used for evaluation of suppression of decrease in light amount and reduction of glare. Therefore, if the light output light distribution angle is less than 15 °, dazzling may not be reduced, and if the light output light distribution angle exceeds 70 °, the direct illuminance may decrease.

(Light diffusing agent)
The light diffusing agent used in the present invention is not limited as long as it has a refractive index different from that of a thermoplastic resin, is insoluble in the thermoplastic resin, and is finely dispersed in the thermoplastic resin. Examples thereof include resins, inorganic fine particles, and polymer fine particles that are insoluble in the thermoplastic resin. Among these, polymer fine particles are preferable. The polymer fine particles are not particularly limited, but the refractive index difference from the thermoplastic resin is preferably 0.01 or more and 0.08 or less. The polymer fine particles preferably have a mass average particle diameter of 1 μm or more and 12 μm or less. Details of the polymer fine particles will be described later.

(Thermoplastic resin)
The type of the thermoplastic resin used in the present invention is not limited, and examples thereof include polycarbonate resins, polyolefin resins, acrylic resins, polyester resins, polyamide resins, and the like. It is preferable that resin is included.

  Although the case where a light-diffusion member consists of a polycarbonate-type resin composition is described below, another thermoplastic resin and a light-diffusion agent may be used.

(Polycarbonate resin composition)
The polycarbonate resin composition preferably includes a polycarbonate resin and polymer fine particles having a refractive index difference of 0.01 to 0.08 and a mass average particle diameter of 1 to 12 μm. .

<Polycarbonate resin>
The polycarbonate resin used in the present invention is a polymer obtained by an interfacial polymerization method of an aromatic dihydroxy compound and phosgene, or a polymer obtained by a transesterification reaction of an aromatic dihydroxy compound and a carbonic acid diester. May be used as part of the aromatic dihydroxy compound. The polycarbonate resin used in the present invention may be linear or branched. Moreover, the polycarbonate resin used by this invention may be individual, or 2 or more types of mixtures may be sufficient as it.

  Examples of the aromatic dihydroxy compound include 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane (bisphenol A), 2,2-bis (4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl) propane (tetramethylbisphenol A), and the like. Bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) alkane-based dihydroxy compounds; 2,2-bis (4-hydroxy-3,5-dibromophenyl) propane (tetrabromobisphenol A), 2,2-bis (4-hydroxy-3, Bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) alkane-based dihydroxy compounds containing halogen such as 5-dichlorophenyl) propane (tetrachlorobisphenol A); 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) cyclohexane; hydroquinone; resorcinol; 4,4-dihydroxy Diphenyl and so on , Preferably bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) alkane-based dihydroxy compound or bis containing halogen (4-hydroxyphenyl) alkane-based dihydroxy compound, more preferably bisphenol A. These aromatic dihydroxy compounds may be used alone or in combination.

In order to obtain a branched polycarbonate resin, phloroglucin, 4,6-dimethyl-2,4,6-tri (4-hydroxyphenyl) heptene-2,4,6-dimethyl-2,4,6-tri ( 4-hydroxyphenyl) heptane, 2,6-dimethyl-2,4,6-tri (4-hydroxyphenylheptene-3,1,3,5-tri (4-hydroxyphenyl) benzene, 1,1,1 -Polyhydroxy compounds represented by tri (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane and the like, and 3,3-bis (4-hydroxyaryl) oxindole (= isatin bisphenol), 5-chloroisatin bisphenol, 5,7-dichloro Triaromatic polyhydroxy compounds such as isatin bisphenol and 5-bromoisatin bisphenol are aromatic dihydroxylated. What is necessary is just to use it as a part of compound.The usage-amount in the case of using a polyhydroxy compound is about 0.1-2 mol% of the said aromatic dihydroxy compound, for example.

  Furthermore, a monovalent aromatic hydroxy compound or the like can be used as a molecular weight regulator. Examples of the molecular weight regulator include m- and p-methylphenol, m- and p-propylphenol, p-bromophenol, p-tert-butylphenol and p-long chain alkyl-substituted phenol.

  The polycarbonate resin used in the present invention preferably has a viscosity average molecular weight of 16,000 to 38,000, more preferably 18,000 to 35,000, as measured from the viscosity of the methylene chloride solution at 25 ° C. The refractive index of the polycarbonate resin is preferably 1.57 to 1.60.

<Polymer fine particles>
The polymer fine particles used in the present invention may be polymer fine particles having a refractive index and a mass average particle diameter within the above-mentioned ranges. Examples of the polymer fine particles include acrylic-styrene copolymer fine particles, acrylic- Examples thereof include butadiene-styrene (ABS) copolymer fine particles, and acrylic-styrene copolymer fine particles are preferable.

  Acrylic-styrene copolymer fine particles are fine particles obtained by copolymerizing an acrylic monomer and a styrene monomer, for example, fine particles obtained by polymerizing an acrylic monomer and a styrene monomer by a suspension polymerization method or the like. It is preferable that it is crosslinked using a crosslinking agent. Examples of acrylic monomers include methacrylate monomers such as methyl methacrylate and ethyl methacrylate, acrylate monomers such as methyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate, and acrylamide. Examples of styrene monomers include styrene and α-methylstyrene. And vinyltoluene. Moreover, what copolymerized the other monomer as needed by using the said monomer as a main component may be used. Examples of the crosslinking agent include commonly used ones such as polyfunctional monomers such as ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, divinylbenzene, 1,6-hexanediol dimethacrylate, trimethylpropane trimethacrylate, and trimethylpropane triacrylate. Can be used.

  The mass average particle diameter of the polymer fine particles used in the present invention is preferably 1 μm or more and 12 μm or less, more preferably 6 μm or more and 10 μm or less, and further preferably 7 μm or more and 9 μm or less. When the particle diameter is less than 1 μm, the number of particles used is relatively large, and thus there is a possibility that the variation in haze of the light diffusing member becomes large. On the other hand, when the thickness exceeds 12 μm, the number of particles used is relatively reduced, which may reduce the strength of the light diffusing member.

  The polymer fine particles used in the present invention are preferably added in an amount of 2 to 8 parts by mass, more preferably 2 to 6 parts by mass, and still more preferably 100 parts by mass of the polycarbonate resin. Is 2 parts by mass or more and 4 parts by mass or less. When the addition amount of the polymer fine particles is less than 2 parts by mass, the addition amount of the polymer fine particles becomes a small amount, so that the haze variation of the light diffusing member obtained using the light diffusing resin composition becomes large. When the amount exceeds mass parts, the amount of polymer fine particles added becomes large and the strength of the light diffusing member is lowered.

  The difference between the refractive index of the polymer fine particles and the refractive index of the polycarbonate resin is preferably 0.01 or more and 0.08 or less, more preferably 0.02 or more and 0.06 or less, and still more preferably 0.0. 03 or more and 0.05 or less.

  When the polymer fine particle is an acrylic-styrene copolymer, the refractive index of the polymer fine particle can be adjusted by changing the mass ratio of the acrylic monomer to the styrene monomer in the range of 99: 1 to 1:99. When a large amount of acrylic monomer is used, the refractive index decreases, and when a large amount of styrene monomer is used, the refractive index increases. The molar ratio of the acrylic monomer to the styrene monomer is preferably 7: 3 to 2: 8, more preferably 6: 4 to 3: 7. If the copolymerization ratio of the styrenic monomer is too high, the light resistance is reduced and yellowish, and conversely if the copolymerization ratio of the acrylic monomer is too high, the polymer fine particles and the polycarbonate resin composition The difference in refractive index is too wide, and the glare of the LED light source is conspicuous and the visibility is lowered. When the polymer fine particles are acrylic-styrene copolymer fine particles, the refractive index of the acrylic-styrene copolymer fine particles is preferably 1.52-1.57, more preferably 1.53-1. 56, more preferably 1.54 to 1.56.

  Adjustment of the copolymerization ratio of acrylic monomer and styrene monomer varies depending on the type of monomer used. For example, when methyl methacrylate is used as the acrylic monomer and styrene is used as the styrene monomer, the acrylic monomer When the molar ratio of styrene monomer is 7: 3, the refractive index of the polymer fine particle is about 1.52, and when the molar ratio of acrylic monomer and styrene monomer is 3: 7, the refractive index of the polymer fine particle is 1 .56.

  The structure of the acrylic-styrene copolymer fine particles is not particularly limited, but solid fine particles are preferable. When the acrylic-styrene copolymer is a fine particle having a two-layer structure of a core part and a shell part, the shell part is an acrylic-styrene copolymer, and the particle diameter and refractive index satisfy the scope of the present invention. If it does, it can be used. In that case, the core part is preferably made of polymethyl methacrylate, silicone, or the like having a lower refractive index than the shell part.

  Commercially available products may be used as the acrylic-styrene copolymer fine particles, and examples of the above-mentioned commercially available products include Aika Kogyo's Gantzpearl (registered trademark) series and Staphyloid (registered trademark) series. It is done.

(Other additives)
The light diffusing resin composition used in the present invention includes, for example, an ultraviolet absorber, an antioxidant, a fluorescent whitening agent, a release agent, an antistatic agent, a colorant, a heat stabilizer, and a fluidity improvement as necessary. An agent, a flame retardant, an anti-aggregation agent and the like may be added.

  The compounding and kneading of the light diffusing resin composition used in the present invention can be performed by a method applied to a normal thermoplastic resin. For example, a ribbon blender, a Henschel mixer, a Banbury mixer, a drum tumbler, a single screw extrusion Or a twin screw extruder, a multi-screw extruder or the like. The temperature condition for kneading is usually preferably 260 to 300 ° C.

  The light diffusing resin composition used in the present invention can be used for a general thermoplastic resin molding method, but from the point of productivity, injection molding from a pellet-shaped resin composition, injection compression molding, Extrusion molding is suitable, and further, vacuum forming, pressure forming, free blow molding, etc. from an extruded sheet-like molded product can be performed to obtain a light diffusing member.

(Optical characteristics of light diffusing member)
In the light diffusing member having a thickness of 3 mm formed using the light diffusing resin composition, the haze is preferably 90% or more, more preferably 91% or more, and further preferably 92% or more. If the haze is less than 90%, dazzling may not be reduced. Although the upper limit of haze is not specifically limited, 99% or less is preferable.

  In the light diffusing member having a thickness of 3 mm formed using the light diffusing resin composition, the total light transmittance is preferably 92% or more, more preferably 93% or more, and further preferably 94% or more. . If the total light transmittance is less than 92%, the amount of light and the illuminance directly below may decrease. The upper limit of the total light transmittance is not particularly limited, but is preferably 98% or less.

(Thickness of light diffusion member)
The light diffusing member used in the present invention is formed using the light diffusing resin composition, and the thickness of the light diffusing member is preferably 0.4 mm or more and 5 mm or less, and 0.5 mm or more and 3 mm or less. It is more preferable that Since the light diffusing member formed using the light diffusing resin composition has a thickness within the above range, various physical properties such as relative light transmittance, light output light distribution angle, and total light transmittance do not greatly change. The thickness of the light diffusing member can be changed according to the application.

(Shape of light diffusion member)
The shape of the light diffusing member used in the present invention is not limited, and may be a flat plate (planar shape) or a non-planar shape such as a curved surface shape. Further, the surface shape of the light diffusing member is not limited, and may be a smooth surface or a surface having irregularities such as a satin shape or a mat shape. The method for imparting irregularities to the surface is not particularly limited. For example, a surface shape imparting layer is laminated, and the surface shape imparting layer is peeled off from the light diffusing member after a certain period of time, or the shape is imparted when manufacturing the light diffusing member. Examples thereof include a method of imparting irregularities to the surface of the light diffusing member using a mold.

(Method for producing light diffusing member)
The light diffusing member used in the present invention can be manufactured by a known manufacturing method, and examples thereof include a solution method, a melting method, and a calendar method.

[Maximum luminance rate]
Various indicators have conventionally been set as indicators representing the glare of a lighting fixture, but the glare in the present invention refers to the glare when the lighting fixture is viewed directly. As an index representing the glare when viewing directly, the value of the maximum luminance when the luminaire is observed from the front is used.
Further, in the present invention, since it relates to a method of reducing glare using a light diffusing member, it is preferable to display with the effect of suppressing the maximum luminance by the light diffusing member, and the maximum luminance rate described in detail in the examples. Displayed. That is, the maximum luminance of the light source module when the light diffusing member is used with respect to the maximum luminance of the light source module when the light diffusing member is not used (displayed as a percentage). The maximum luminance rate is preferably 20% or less, and more preferably 17% or less. The method for measuring the maximum luminance will be described in detail in the examples.

[Distance between LED and light diffusion member]
In the luminaire of the present invention, the distance between the LED and the light diffusing member is preferably 5 mm or more. If it is less than 5 mm, dazzling may not be sufficiently reduced. Strictly speaking, the distance between the LED and the light diffusing member is the distance between the LED surface and the light incident side surface of the light diffusing member.
The upper limit of the distance between the LED and the light diffusion member is not limited, but is preferably 100 mm or less. If it exceeds 100 mm, the thickness of the lighting fixture becomes too thick, which is not preferable. Moreover, it is more preferable that it is 7 mm-60 mm, and it is further more preferable that it is 9 mm-50 mm.

[Total luminous flux of lighting equipment]
In the lighting fixture of the present invention, the total luminous flux is preferably 500 Lm or more, and more preferably 600 Lm or more. If it is less than 500 Lm, the amount of light may decrease. As will be described later, since the lighting apparatus of the present invention is preferably used as a lighting apparatus for a physical education facility, the total luminous flux is more preferably 2000 Lm or more, and further preferably 5000 Lm or more.

[Use of lighting equipment]
The use of the lighting apparatus of the present invention is not limited, but since the lighting apparatus of the present invention has reduced glare when directly viewed, it is often used for gymnasiums, pools, ball games, etc. It is a preferred embodiment to be used as a lighting equipment for a physical education facility.

  The present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the following examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples, and may be appropriately modified and implemented within a range that can meet the purpose described above and below. All of which are within the scope of the present invention. The physical property measurement methods for the samples obtained in each Example and Comparative Example are as follows.

(1) Total light transmittance and haze Based on JISK7361-1, the total light transmittance and haze of the sample were measured with the D65 light source using the Nippon Denshoku haze meter NDH5000.

(2) Relative light transmittance The transmitted light intensity was measured using a variable angle spectrophotometric system GCMS-4 type (Murakami Color Research Laboratory Co., Ltd., variable angle spectrophotometer GPS-2 type).
First, the GCMS-4 type transmitted light diffusion standard plate (opal glass) is calibrated, and the transmitted light intensity T at a wavelength of 550 nm at a light receiving angle of 0 ° of the transmitted light diffusion standard plate is set as a reference (1 .000). The transmitted light diffusion standard plate had a transmittance of 0.3535 at a wavelength of 550 nm when the air layer was 1.000 by integrating sphere spectroscopic measurement.
Next, transmission measurement mode, light incident angle: 0 ° (film normal direction), light receiving angle: −80 ° to 80 °, 5 ° pitch (polar angle from film normal, azimuth angle is horizontal), Fixed to the sample stage so that the main light diffusion direction of the sample is horizontal under the conditions of the light source: D65 and the field of view: 2 ° (the deviation between the axis of the sample table and the axis of the main light diffusion direction is up to about 20 ° And the transmitted light intensity at each light receiving angle was measured. The tilt angle was set to 0 °, and when the surface roughness was different on both surfaces of the sample, the sample was fixed in the direction in which light entered from the surface with the lower surface roughness and measured. The value was displayed at a wavelength of 550 nm when the light receiving angle was 0 °. The relative light transmittance was calculated by dividing the transmitted light intensity value at a wavelength of 550 nm at each light receiving angle by the transmitted light intensity T value.

(3) Output light distribution angle The output light distribution angle was calculated | required from the measurement data of the transmitted light intensity measured by the method as described in said (2). Specifically, when the light transmittance at an angle of 0 ° is 100%, the angle m is such that the light transmittance is 50% (half the light transmittance at an angle of 0 °) at an angle greater than 0 °. The angle m ′ at which the relative light transmittance is 50% at an angle smaller than 0 ° was determined, and the total angle of m and the absolute value of m ′ was defined as the light distribution angle.

(4) Incident light distribution angle Using a variable angle illuminometer ("ZERO-ONE" manufactured by Highland), the light source module is placed on the sample stage, and the moving direction of the illuminometer matches the minimum length direction of the light source module. The illuminance is measured at 5 ° pitch from the angle range: -90 ° to 90 °, and the illuminance distribution is set so that the minimum length is directly below the illuminometer. A light distribution curve diagram was prepared. The measurement was performed at a distance of 1000 mm between the light exit surface of the light source module and the illuminometer light-receiving surface.
When the illuminance at an angle of 0 ° is 100%, the angle n is 50% at an angle greater than 0 ° (half the illuminance at an angle of 0 °), and the illuminance is 50% at an angle less than 0 °. And the total angle of n and the absolute value of n ′ was defined as the incident light distribution angle.

(5) Illuminance Using a variable angle illuminometer (“ZERO-ONE” manufactured by Highland Co., Ltd.) so that the center point of the luminaire and the center point of the sample table coincide with each other on the sample table of the driving system. Install and measure the illuminance in two directions on the equator line and meridian line on the condition of 5mm pitch from the lighting equipment light emitting surface and illuminometer light receiving surface: 1000mm, variable angle range: -90 ° to 90 ° went. Switching between the equator line and the meridian was performed by rotating the sample stage by 90 ° about a straight line passing through the center point of the sample stage and perpendicular to the sample stage. In addition, the illuminance was measured in a dark room, and the measurement was started 30 minutes after the lighting device was turned on. The illuminance at the light receiving angle of 0 ° was defined as the direct illuminance. In addition, when the illuminance varies in the axial direction, an average value is used. In FIG. 7 described later, the value obtained by dividing the illuminance at each light receiving angle by the illuminance directly below is defined as the relative illuminance.

(6) Total luminous flux The total luminous flux was calculated from the measurement data of the illuminance measured by the method of (5) above using the calculation software attached to the variable angle illuminometer ("ZERO-ONE" manufactured by Highland). .

(7) Maximum luminance rate The luminance was measured by the following method. The center point of the lighting device and the center point of the sample table are aligned on the sample table of the driving method of the two-dimensional 3CCD color luminance measuring device ("RISA-COLOR / ONE-II" manufactured by Highland). installed. Then, the luminaire was turned on and observed from directly above, and five point light sources in the light source portion were arbitrarily selected, and the luminance at the position directly above the point light source was measured. When the number of point light sources was less than 5, the luminance was measured for all light sources. The luminance was measured using a two-dimensional 3CCD color luminance measuring device (“RISA-COLOR / ONE-II” manufactured by Highland Corporation), and L1 was the one with the highest luminance. Moreover, the brightness | luminance when not installing a light-diffusion member was measured using the said two-dimensional 3CCD color brightness | luminance measuring apparatus, and the brightness | luminance was set to L2. The maximum luminance ratio was obtained by dividing the maximum luminance L1 when the light diffusing member was installed by the luminance L2 when the light diffusing member was not installed and expressed as a percentage.
When the spot of the light point source was visible, the brightness of the spot portion was measured. However, when the diffusivity of the light diffusing member is high, the spread of the light source spot becomes large, and the spot overlapped with the spot of the adjacent light point source may become invisible. In that case, the position of the light point source spot before the light diffusing member was set in advance, and the brightness at the position directly above the light point source was measured by measuring the brightness at that position. The luminance was measured in a dark room, and the measurement was started 30 minutes after the lighting device was turned on.

(Light diffusion member A)
The light diffusing member A was produced by the following manufacturing method. 10075 parts by weight of a polycarbonate resin having a refractive index of 1.59 (Iupilon (registered trademark) E-2000FN manufactured by Mitsubishi Engineering Plastics) and 0.075 parts by weight of a phosphorus-based heat stabilizer (Irgaphos (registered trademark) 168 manufactured by BASF) , Oxazole-based fluorescent brightener (Nikka Flow OB manufactured by Nippon Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) 0.003 parts by mass, acrylic-styrene copolymer fine particles having a mass average particle diameter of 8 μm and a refractive index of 1.55 (Ganzu Pearl manufactured by Aika Kogyo Co., Ltd.) (Registered trademark) GSM-0855) 2.3 parts by mass, a vent and a gear pump were attached, and a 1.0 mm thick diffusion plate was extruded using a sheet extruder having three rolls. The relative light transmittance, light output light distribution angle, total light transmittance, and haze of the light diffusing member A were measured, and the measurement results are shown in Table 1.

(Light diffusion member B)
The light diffusing member B was formed by extrusion of a diffusing plate having a thickness of 2.0 mm in the same manner as the light diffusing member A. The relative light transmittance, light output light distribution angle, total light transmittance, and haze of the light diffusing member B were measured, and the measurement results are shown in Table 1.

(Light diffusion member C)
The light diffusing member C was produced by the following manufacturing method. 10075 parts by weight of a polycarbonate resin having a refractive index of 1.59 (Iupilon (registered trademark) E-2000FN manufactured by Mitsubishi Engineering Plastics) and 0.075 parts by weight of a phosphorus-based heat stabilizer (Irgaphos (registered trademark) 168 manufactured by BASF) , 0.5 parts by mass of silicone fine particles having a mass average particle diameter of 2.0 μm and a refractive index of 1.44 (Tospearl (registered trademark) 120 manufactured by Momentive Performance Materials) 3 parts with a vent and gear pump A diffusion plate having a thickness of 1.0 mm was extruded using a sheet extruder having a roll of 1 mm. The relative light transmittance, light output light distribution angle, total light transmittance, and haze of the light diffusing member C were measured, and the measurement results are shown in Table 1.

(Light diffusion member D)
The light diffusing member D was formed by extrusion of a diffusing plate having a thickness of 2.0 mm in the same manner as the light diffusing member C. The relative light transmittance, light output light distribution angle, total light transmittance, and haze of the light diffusing member D were measured, and the measurement results are shown in Table 1.

(Light diffusion member E)
As the light diffusing member E, a 2 mm thick methacrylic extruded plate Komoglass (registered trademark) DFA2 was used. The relative light transmittance, light output light distribution angle, total light transmittance, and haze of the light diffusing member E were measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.

(Light diffusion member F)
As the light diffusion member F, Lightup (registered trademark) LSE100 manufactured by Kimoto Co., Ltd. having a base material thickness of 0.1 mm and a total thickness of 0.115 mm was used. The relative light transmittance, light output light distribution angle, total light transmittance, and haze of the light diffusing member F were measured, and the measurement results are shown in Table 1. The light diffusing member F is a member laminated in the order of the light diffusing layer, the film substrate, and the backing coat, and various measurements were performed by entering light from the backing coat layer side.

(Light diffusion member G)
As the light diffusion member G, a lens diffusion plate LSD60PC10 manufactured by Optical Solutions Inc. having a thickness of about 0.25 mm was used. The light diffusing member G has unevenness based on a speckle pattern on one surface of the member, specifically, a master type having an uneven shape formed by controlling the speckle pattern, a base film, , Produced by a transfer method using UV curable resin to form irregularities on the film. Such a light diffusing member is used in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-218723, and light incident on the light diffusing member G is diffused by a surface diffusion method. The relative light transmittance, light output light distribution angle, total light transmittance, and haze of the light diffusing member G were measured, and the measurement results are shown in Table 1. Various measurements were performed by entering light from the uneven surface.

(Light diffusion member H)
As the light diffusion member H, a lens diffusion plate LSD80PC10 manufactured by Optical Solutions Inc. having a thickness of about 0.25 mm was used. The structure of the light diffusing member H is the same as that of the light diffusing member G, and the light incident on the light diffusing member H is diffused by the surface diffusion method. The relative light transmittance, light output light distribution angle, total light transmittance, and haze of the light diffusing member H were measured, and the measurement results are shown in Table 1. Various measurements were performed by entering light from the uneven surface.

(Example 1-1)
The light diffusion member A is removed from the light-emitting surface of the light guide wall after removing the Fresnel lens fitted in the light-emitting part of the E-CORE (registered trademark) LED unit LDF5N-WGX53 / 2 manufactured by Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corp. Was installed. Using the LED unit provided with the light diffusing member A, the illuminance directly below, the total luminous flux, and the maximum luminance rate were measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 2. The distance between the LED surface and the light incident surface of the light diffusing member A was about 8 mm. The opening angle in the LED unit was 140 °, and the incident light distribution angle was 116 °.
3 shows the relationship between the relative light transmittance and the maximum luminance rate, FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the light distribution angle and the maximum luminance rate, and FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the relative light transmittance and the illuminance directly below. The relationship between the light distribution angle and the illuminance directly below is shown in FIG.

(Example 1-2)
In Example 1-1, a light diffusing member B was provided instead of the light diffusing member A. Similar to Example 1-1, the illuminance directly below, the total luminous flux, and the maximum luminance ratio were measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 2. 3 shows the relationship between the relative light transmittance and the maximum luminance rate, FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the light distribution angle and the maximum luminance rate, and FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the relative light transmittance and the illuminance directly below. The relationship between the light distribution angle and the illuminance directly below is shown in FIG.

(Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-6)
In Example 1-1, instead of the light diffusing member A, light diffusing members C to H were provided. Similar to Example 1-1, the illuminance directly below, the total luminous flux, and the maximum luminance ratio were measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 2. 3 shows the relationship between the relative light transmittance and the maximum luminance rate, FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the light distribution angle and the maximum luminance rate, and FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the relative light transmittance and the illuminance directly below. The relationship between the light distribution angle and the illuminance directly below is shown in FIG.

(Example 2-1)
First, the Fresnel lens fitted in the light emission part of E-CORE (registered trademark) LED unit LDF5N-WGX53 / 2 manufactured by Toshiba Lighting & Technology was removed. Next, the light diffusing member A was provided on the light source side from the position where the Fresnel lens was provided. Specifically, the light diffusion member A was provided so that the distance between the LED surface and the light diffusion member A was 3 mm. Using the LED unit provided with the light diffusing member A, the illuminance directly below, the total luminous flux, and the maximum luminance rate were measured. Table 3 shows the measurement results.

(Example 2-2)
In Example 2-1, an aluminum plate having a thickness of 0.5 mm was wound around the light output portion of LDF5N-WGX53 / 2, and a light diffusing member A was provided on the side opposite to the light source of the aluminum plate. The aluminum plate was provided at a position where the light traveling from the LED toward the light diffusing member A was not blocked by the aluminum plate. The distance between the LED surface and the light diffusing member A was 20 mm. Using the LED unit provided with the light diffusing member A, the illuminance directly below, the total luminous flux, and the maximum luminance rate were measured. Table 3 shows the measurement results.

  From Table 3, the illuminance directly below and the total luminous flux hardly change even if the distance between the LED surface and the light diffusing member is changed, while the maximum luminance rate becomes remarkably as the distance between the LED surface and the light diffusing member increases. It turns out that it falls. From the above, it was found that the distance between the LED surface and the light diffusing member may be adjusted in order to achieve both the suppression of the decrease in the amount of light and the reduction in glare.

(Example 3-1)
The light diffusing member A was provided on the outer surface (on the opposite side of the light source) of the Fresnel lens fitted in the light exit portion of the E-CORE (registered trademark) LED unit LDF5N-WGX53 / 2 manufactured by Toshiba Lighting & Technology. The illuminance at each light receiving angle was measured by the above measurement method, and the relative illuminance at each light receiving angle when the illuminance at the light receiving angle of 0 ° (direct illuminance) was 1 was determined. FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the light receiving angle and the relative illuminance.

(Example 3-2)
In Example 3-1, a light diffusing member B was provided instead of the light diffusing member A. Similar to Example 3-1, the relative illuminance at each light receiving angle was determined. FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the light receiving angle and the relative illuminance.

(Comparative Example 3-1 and Comparative Example 3-2)
In Example 3-1, instead of the light diffusing member A, light diffusing members C and D were provided. Similar to Example 3-1, the relative illuminance at each light receiving angle was determined. FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the light receiving angle and the relative illuminance.

(Reference example)
Example 3-1 without removing the Fresnel lens fitted in the light exit portion of the E-CORE (registered trademark) LED unit LDF5N-WGX53 / 2 manufactured by Toshiba Lighting & Technology and without installing a light diffusion member Similarly, the relative illuminance at each light receiving angle was obtained. FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the light receiving angle and the relative illuminance.

From FIG. 3 to FIG. 6, by satisfying the preferable range of the optical characteristics of the light diffusing member used in the present invention, it is possible to achieve both the characteristics of the antinomy event, which is the object of the present invention, that is to suppress the decrease in light quantity and to reduce the glare. I was able to. Moreover, in FIGS. 3-6, the criticality of the optical characteristic in the light-diffusion member used by this invention was also shown.
Furthermore, FIG. 7 shows that the narrow light distribution angle distribution collected by the Fresnel lens is maintained by using the light diffusing member that satisfies the preferable range of optical characteristics.

  By using the lighting fixture of the present invention, it is possible to achieve both the characteristics of a trade-off between the suppression of a decrease in the amount of light and the reduction in glare while maintaining the feature of the LED that consumes less power. Therefore, the luminaire of the present invention can be used widely and suitably as a luminaire for a wide range of uses such as residential use, facility use, and outdoor use.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Light source module 2 Mounting board 3 Light guide wall 4 Aperture angle

Claims (7)

A light source module comprising a mounting substrate on which one or more light-emitting diodes are mounted on the surface of the substrate, and a light guide wall installed on the light output side from the mounting substrate;
A light diffusing member including a light diffusing layer formed from a thermoplastic resin composition containing a light diffusing agent on the light emitting surface side of the light source module,
The relative light transmittance of the said light-diffusion member is 2-20, and a light distribution angle is 15 degrees or more and 70 degrees or less. The lighting fixture characterized by the above-mentioned.   The lighting fixture according to claim 1, wherein a light distribution angle of light entering the light diffusing member is 70 ° or more.   The lighting fixture according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the total luminous flux is 500 Lm or more.   The lighting fixture according to claim 1, wherein a distance between the light emitting diode and the light diffusing member is 5 mm or more.   The lighting fixture according to claim 1, wherein the light diffusing member is made of a polycarbonate resin composition.   6. The polycarbonate resin composition includes a polycarbonate resin and polymer fine particles having a refractive index difference of 0.01 to 0.08 and a mass average particle diameter of 1 μm to 12 μm. The lighting fixture as described in.   The lighting fixture according to claim 6, wherein the polymer fine particles are acrylic-styrene copolymer fine particles.