JP2016166131A - Aflatoxin production inhibitor and aflatoxin contamination control method - Google Patents

Aflatoxin production inhibitor and aflatoxin contamination control method Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP2016166131A
JP2016166131A JP2013145423A JP2013145423A JP2016166131A JP 2016166131 A JP2016166131 A JP 2016166131A JP 2013145423 A JP2013145423 A JP 2013145423A JP 2013145423 A JP2013145423 A JP 2013145423A JP 2016166131 A JP2016166131 A JP 2016166131A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
aflatoxin
inhibitor
respiratory
production
amount
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2013145423A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
庄平 作田
Shohei Sakuta
庄平 作田
景子 ▲高▼城
景子 ▲高▼城
Keiko Takagi
フェブリ プラボオ ジヤン
Febri Prabowo Diyan
フェブリ プラボオ ジヤン
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
University of Tokyo NUC
Original Assignee
University of Tokyo NUC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by University of Tokyo NUC filed Critical University of Tokyo NUC
Priority to JP2013145423A priority Critical patent/JP2016166131A/en
Priority to IN26DE2014 priority patent/IN2014DE00026A/en
Priority to KR1020140001776A priority patent/KR20150007918A/en
Priority to AU2014200080A priority patent/AU2014200080A1/en
Priority to PCT/JP2014/067775 priority patent/WO2015005209A1/en
Priority to ARP140102572A priority patent/AR096887A1/en
Publication of JP2016166131A publication Critical patent/JP2016166131A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/02—Saturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/18—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group —CO—N<, e.g. carboxylic acid amides or imides; Thio analogues thereof
    • A01N37/22—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group —CO—N<, e.g. carboxylic acid amides or imides; Thio analogues thereof the nitrogen atom being directly attached to an aromatic ring system, e.g. anilides
    • A01N37/24—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group —CO—N<, e.g. carboxylic acid amides or imides; Thio analogues thereof the nitrogen atom being directly attached to an aromatic ring system, e.g. anilides containing at least one oxygen or sulfur atom being directly attached to the same aromatic ring system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/50—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids the nitrogen atom being doubly bound to the carbon skeleton
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/24—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with two or more hetero atoms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/50—1,3-Diazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3-diazoles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/54—1,3-Diazines; Hydrogenated 1,3-diazines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/56—1,2-Diazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2-diazoles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/58—1,2-Diazines; Hydrogenated 1,2-diazines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
    • A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
    • A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
    • A01N47/12—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing a —O—CO—N< group, or a thio analogue thereof, neither directly attached to a ring nor the nitrogen atom being a member of a heterocyclic ring
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
    • A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
    • A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
    • A01N47/24—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing the groups, or; Thio analogues thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
    • A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
    • A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
    • A23B7/153—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of liquids or solids
    • A23B7/154—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
    • A23B9/00—Preservation of edible seeds, e.g. cereals
    • A23B9/16—Preserving with chemicals
    • A23B9/24—Preserving with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
    • A23B9/26—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
    • A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
    • A23L3/3454—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
    • A23L3/3463—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
    • A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
    • A23L3/3454—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
    • A23L3/3463—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
    • A23L3/3481—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • A23L3/3499—Organic compounds containing oxygen with doubly-bound oxygen
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
    • A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
    • A23L3/3454—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
    • A23L3/3463—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
    • A23L3/3526—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
    • A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
    • A23L3/3454—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
    • A23L3/3463—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
    • A23L3/3544—Organic compounds containing hetero rings

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Oxygen Or Sulfur (AREA)
  • Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an aflatoxin production inhibitor specifically and effectively inhibiting aflatoxin production, having high safety and being practical, and to provide an aflatoxin contamination control method.SOLUTION: The present invention provides an aflatoxin production inhibitor comprising a respiration inhibitor, and an aflatoxin contamination control method using the aflatoxin production inhibitor.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

本発明は、アフラトキシン産生阻害剤、及びアフラトキシン汚染防除方法に関する。   The present invention relates to an aflatoxin production inhibitor and an aflatoxin contamination control method.

カビの二次代謝物には、有用な化合物が含まれる一方、マイコトキシンと呼ばれる毒性を示す化合物も多い。現在、マイコトキシンによる農作物の汚染は、世界的に深刻な問題となっており、安全な食糧を安定して得るために、マイコトキシン汚染防除の手段が求められている。   Mold secondary metabolites include useful compounds, while many toxic compounds called mycotoxins. Currently, contamination of crops with mycotoxins is a serious problem worldwide, and means for controlling mycotoxin contamination are required to stably obtain safe food.

マイコトキシンによる農作物の汚染のうち、最も深刻な問題となっているのが、アフラトキシンによる農作物の汚染である。アフラトキシンは、既知の天然物質中で最も強い発がん性や急性毒性を有することが知られており、また、通常の調理方法等では分解されない化合物であることから、その健康被害は深刻である。アフラトキシンに汚染された農作物の摂取による死亡の報告は頻繁にあり、またアフラトキシンが原因と推定される肝臓ガンによる死者は、中国だけでも毎年数十万人にのぼっている。   Among the contamination of crops by mycotoxins, the most serious problem is the contamination of crops by aflatoxins. Aflatoxin is known to have the strongest carcinogenicity and acute toxicity among known natural substances, and it is a compound that is not decomposed by ordinary cooking methods, so that its health damage is serious. There are frequent reports of deaths from ingestion of aflatoxin-contaminated crops, and hundreds of thousands of deaths from liver cancer presumed to be caused by aflatoxins occur in China alone each year.

このような健康被害を防止するため、アフラトキシンの農作物汚染の規制値は、１０ｐｐｂ程度と低く設けられている。しかし、これにより、アフラトキシンで汚染された農作物を破棄することによる損害額も高額にのぼっている。例えば、米国でのアフラトキシン汚染による損失は、年間数百億円である。また、アジアにおけるアフラトキシン汚染による損失は更に大きく、年間１，０００億円以上にのぼると推定されている。   In order to prevent such health damage, the regulation value of aflatoxin contamination of agricultural crops is set as low as about 10 ppb. However, this also increases the amount of damage caused by destroying crops contaminated with aflatoxins. For example, the loss due to aflatoxin contamination in the United States is tens of billions of yen per year. Moreover, the loss due to aflatoxin contamination in Asia is even greater, and is estimated to be over 100 billion yen per year.

アフラトキシンの主な産生菌は、Ａｓｐｅｒｇｉｌｌｕｓ ｆｌａｖｕｓ及びＡｓｐｅｒｇｉｌｌｕｓ ｐａｒａｓｉｔｉｃｕｓであり、熱帯及び亜熱帯の環境下において、農作物の栽培や貯蔵の段階で、トウモロコシやピーナッツ等の農作物に感染してアフラトキシンを産生することが知られている（非特許文献１及び２参照）。熱帯及び亜熱帯以外の気候の地域においても、近年の地球温暖化現象による気候変動により、汚染地域の拡大が懸念されている。 The main producers of aflatoxins are Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, which are known to produce aflatoxins by infecting crops such as corn and peanuts in the cultivation and storage stages of crops in tropical and subtropical environments. (See Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2). In regions other than the tropics and subtropics, there is a concern about the expansion of contaminated areas due to recent climate change caused by global warming.

従来から、アフラトキシン汚染防除の取り組みとして、アフラトキシン産生菌のゲノム解析やアフラトキシンの産生に関与する遺伝子の同定等の基礎研究や、感染に抵抗性を有する品種の取得、アフラトキシン非産生菌との競合による汚染の軽減等の実用研究が行われている。しかしながら、アフラトキシン汚染防除の効果的かつ抜本的な方法は、未だ確立されていない。   Conventional efforts to control aflatoxin contamination include basic research such as genome analysis of aflatoxin-producing bacteria and identification of genes involved in aflatoxin production, acquisition of varieties that are resistant to infection, and competition with non-aflatoxin-producing bacteria Practical research such as pollution reduction is being conducted. However, an effective and drastic method for controlling aflatoxin contamination has not yet been established.

アフラトキシン汚染防除方法としては、例えば、アフラトキシン産生菌の生育を阻害する抗カビ剤を使用する方法が考えられ、例えば、シクロプロコナゾール等のアゾール類、アゾキシストロビン等のストロビルリン類、及びボスカリド、フルジオキサニル等のその他の殺菌剤からなる群から選ばれる１種または２種以上を組み合わせて使用することにより収穫の前後、及び保存中のとうもろこしからアフラトキシン等のマイコトキシンを減らすことができることが知られている（特許文献１参照）。前記特許出願においては、アフラトキシン等のマイコトキシンがどのような状況で産生されるかを詳細に考察し、それらに対する対応策を種々検討したが、最終的には、マイコトキシン産生菌の増殖を抑えることが、マイコトキシンそのもの産生を抑える一番の方法であると結論付けている。しかし、そのような殺菌剤の使用は、該殺菌剤の耐性菌の蔓延を引き起こす可能性がある。
一方、アフラトキシンは二次代謝物であるため、その産生を阻害しても産生菌の生育には影響を与えないと考えられることから、アフラトキシンの産生のみを特異的に阻害する薬剤を利用することができれば、有効な汚染防除方法になりうると考えられる。 As an aflatoxin contamination control method, for example, a method using an antifungal agent that inhibits the growth of aflatoxin-producing bacteria can be considered, for example, azoles such as cycloproconazole, strobilurins such as azoxystrobin, and boscalid, It is known that mycotoxins such as aflatoxins can be reduced before and after harvesting and from corn during storage by using one or more selected from the group consisting of other fungicides such as fludioxanil in combination. (See Patent Document 1). In the above-mentioned patent application, the situation in which mycotoxins such as aflatoxins are produced is considered in detail, and various countermeasures against them are studied. Ultimately, the growth of mycotoxin-producing bacteria can be suppressed. They conclude that this is the best way to reduce mycotoxin production. However, the use of such fungicides can cause the spread of resistant fungi of the fungicides.
On the other hand, since aflatoxin is a secondary metabolite, even if its production is inhibited, it is thought that it does not affect the growth of the producing bacteria. Therefore, a drug that specifically inhibits only aflatoxin production should be used. If it is possible, it will be an effective pollution control method.

そこで、アフラトキシンの産生を阻害する物質の探索が行なわれた結果、有機リン系の殺虫剤であるｄｉｃｈｌｏｒｖｏｓや、メラニン生合成系酵素を阻害するｔｒｉｃｙｃｌａｚｏｌｅに、アフラトキシンの産生阻害活性が見出された（非特許文献３参照）。しかしながら、これらの化合物はアフラトキシンの産生阻害活性が弱く、また該化合物自体の安全性に問題があることに加え、阻害活性の選択性に問題があることから実用化には至っていない。   Accordingly, as a result of searching for substances that inhibit aflatoxin production, dichlorvos, an organophosphorus insecticide, and tricyclazole, which inhibits melanin biosynthesis enzymes, were found to have aflatoxin production inhibitory activity ( Non-Patent Document 3). However, these compounds have not been put into practical use because they have weak aflatoxin production inhibitory activity, and there are problems with the safety of the compounds themselves, and there is a problem with selectivity of inhibitory activity.

このように、耐性菌の蔓延を引き起こすことなく、アフラトキシンの産生のみを特異的に阻害する作用を有する化合物が求められており、探索の結果いくつかの化合物も見出されている（特許文献２及び３参照）。しかし、安全性が高く、かつ実用性の高いアフラトキシン産生阻害剤としては、未だ満足なものが見出されていないのが現状である。   Thus, there is a demand for a compound having an action of specifically inhibiting only the production of aflatoxin without causing the spread of resistant bacteria, and several compounds have been found as a result of the search (Patent Document 2). And 3). However, at present, no satisfactory aflatoxin production inhibitor has been found yet to be safe and highly practical.

国際公開２００９／０６８１９５号公報International Publication No. 2009/068195 特開平９−２４１１６７号公報JP-A-9-241167 特開平１１−７９９１１号公報JP-A-11-79911

Ｃｏｕｎｃｉｌ ｆｏｒ Ａｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒａｌ Ｓｃｉｅｎｃｅ ａｎｄ Ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ．， “Ｍｙｃｏｔｏｘｉｎｓ： Ｒｉｓｋｓ ｉｎ Ｐｌａｎｔ， Ａｎｉｍａｌ， ａｎｄ Ｈｕｍａｎ Ｓｙｓｔｅｍｓ”， ＣＡＳＴ， Ａｍｅｓ， Ｉｏｗａ， ＵＳＡ， ２００３Council for Agricultural Science and Technology. "Mycotoxins: Risks in Plant, Animal, and Human Systems", CAST, Ames, Iowa, USA, 2003. 宇田川俊一，田端節子，中里光男：“マイコトキシン”，中央法規，２００２Shunichi Udagawa, Setsuko Tabata, Mitsuo Nakazato: “Mycotoxin”, Central Law, 2002 Ｌ．Ｌ． Ｚａｉｋａ ａｎｄ Ｒ．Ｌ． Ｂｕｃｈａｎａｎ， Ｊ． Ｆｏｏｄ． Ｐｒｏｔ．， １９８７， ５０， ６９１L. L. Zaika and R.K. L. Buchanan, J.A. Food. Prot. , 1987, 50, 691

本発明は、従来における前記諸問題を解決し、以下の目的を達成することを課題とする。即ち、本発明は、アフラトキシンの産生を特異的かつ効果的に阻害し、安全性が高く、実用的なアフラトキシン産生阻害剤、及びアフラトキシン汚染防除方法を提供することを目的とする。   An object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems and achieve the following objects. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide an aflatoxin production inhibitor that specifically and effectively inhibits the production of aflatoxin, has high safety, and is practical, and a method for controlling aflatoxin contamination.

前記課題を解決するため、本発明者らは鋭意検討した結果、呼吸阻害剤または、ある特殊な呼吸阻害剤が、優れたアフラトキシンの産生阻害活性を有することを見出し、本発明の完成に至った。   In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have intensively studied, and as a result, found that a respiratory inhibitor or a specific respiratory inhibitor has an excellent aflatoxin production inhibitory activity, and led to the completion of the present invention. .

本発明は、本発明者らによる前記知見に基づくものであり、前記課題を解決するための手段としては、以下の通りである。即ち、
（１）呼吸阻害剤を含むことを特徴とするアフラトキシン産生阻害剤であり、
（２）呼吸阻害剤が、アフラトキシン産生菌の菌体量が、無処理区の菌体量の５０％以上となる濃度で処理する呼吸阻害剤、またはアフラトキシン産生菌の菌体量が、無処理区の菌体量の５０％以上となる呼吸阻害剤であることを特徴とする（１）に記載のアフラトキシン産生阻害剤であり、
（３）呼吸阻害剤が、ロテノン（ｒｏｔｅｎｏｎｅ）、シッカニン（ｓｉｃｃａｎｉｎ）、アトペニンＡ５（ａｔｐｅｎｉｎ Ａ５）、アンチマイシンＡ（ａｎｔｉｍｙｃｉｎ Ａ）、ピリダベン（ｐｙｒｉｄａｂｅｎ）、トルフェンピラド（ｔｏｌｆｅｎｐｙｒａｄ）、フルアクリピリム（ｆｌｕａｃｒｙｐｙｒｉｍ）、アセキノシル（ａｃｅｑｕｉｎｏｃｙｌ）、ビフェナゼト（ｂｉｆｅｎａｚａｔｅ）、メプロニル（ｍｅｐｒｏｎｉｌ）、メトミノストロビン（ｍｅｔｏｍｉｎｏｓｔｒｏｂｉｎ）、ピリベンカルブ（ｐｙｒｉｂｅｎｃａｒｂ）、及びシアゾファミド（ｃｙａｚｏｆａｍｉｄ）から選択される少なくとも１種である（１）または（２）に記載のアフラトキシン産生阻害剤であり、
（４）呼吸阻害剤が、フルアクリピリム（ｆｌｕａｃｒｙｐｙｒｉｍ）である（１）または（２）に記載のアフラトキシン産生阻害剤であり、
（５）呼吸阻害剤が、ロテノン（ｒｏｔｅｎｏｎｅ）、シッカニン（ｓｉｃｃａｎｉｎ）、アトペニンＡ５（ａｔｐｅｎｉｎ Ａ５）、及びアンチマイシンＡ（ａｎｔｉｍｙｃｉｎ Ａ）から選択される少なくとも１種である（１）または（２）に記載のアフラトキシン産生阻害剤であり、
（６）（１）から（５）のいずれかに記載のアフラトキシン産生阻害剤を、アフラトキシン産生菌が付着する可能性がある植物、該植物から収穫された果実、及び／または貯蔵時の該果実に処理することを特徴とするアフラトキシン汚染防除方法である。 The present invention is based on the above findings by the present inventors, and means for solving the above problems are as follows. That is,
(1) An aflatoxin production inhibitor comprising a respiratory inhibitor,
(2) The respiratory inhibitor is treated with a concentration at which the amount of aflatoxin producing bacteria is 50% or more of the amount of untreated cells, or the amount of aflatoxin producing bacteria is untreated. The aflatoxin production inhibitor according to (1), which is a respiratory inhibitor that is 50% or more of the amount of bacterial cells in the ward,
(3) Respiratory inhibitors include rotenone, siccanin, atopenin A5, antimycin A, pyridaben, tolfenpyrad, flucripyr, flucripyrim (2) at least one selected from acequinocyl, bifenazate, mepronil, metminostrobin, pyribencarb, and cyazofamid (1) Production inhibitor,
(4) The respiratory inhibitor is an aflatoxin production inhibitor according to (1) or (2), which is fluacrylpyrim.
(5) The respiratory inhibitor is at least one selected from rotenone, siccanin, atpenin A5, and antimycin A (1) or (2) The aflatoxin production inhibitor described,
(6) The aflatoxin production inhibitor according to any one of (1) to (5), a plant to which aflatoxin-producing bacteria may adhere, a fruit harvested from the plant, and / or the fruit at the time of storage A method for controlling aflatoxin contamination, characterized by comprising

本発明によれば、従来における前記諸問題を解決し、前記目的を達成することができ、アフラトキシンの産生を特異的かつ効果的に阻害し、安全性が高く、実用的なアフラトキシン産生阻害剤、及びアフラトキシン汚染防除方法を提供することができる。   According to the present invention, the conventional problems can be solved, the object can be achieved, the production of aflatoxin can be specifically and effectively inhibited, a safe and practical aflatoxin production inhibitor, And an aflatoxin contamination control method can be provided.

（アフラトキシン産生阻害剤）
本発明のアフラトキシン産生阻害剤は、呼吸阻害剤を少なくとも含み、必要に応じて、更にその他の成分を含むことができる。前記アフラトキシン産生阻害剤は、アフラトキシンの産生を阻害するものであり、その程度は、該阻害剤無処理区に比してアフラトキシンの生成量を抑えることができれば、特に制限されるものではない。
また、本発明のアフラトキシン産生阻害剤は、アフラトキシン産生菌の菌体量が、無処理区の菌体量の５０％以上となる濃度で処理する呼吸阻害剤であるのが好ましく、またはアフラトキシン産生菌の菌体量が、無処理区の菌体量の５０％以上となる呼吸阻害剤であるのが好ましい。無処理区の菌体量の５０％以上となる濃度で処理する呼吸阻害剤とは、アフラトキシン産生菌の生存または増殖を濃度によっては、無処理区、すなわちコントロール地区の菌体量の５０％未満にまで、菌体量を抑制することができるが、そのような高濃度でなく、低濃度で処理した場合であっても、アフラトキシンそのものの産生を抑制することができることを意味する。菌体量を抑制する程度は、処理区の菌体量が、無処理区の菌体量に比して５０％以上であれば特に制限されないが、無処理区に比して７０％以上が好ましく、さらに９５％以上であるのが好ましい。また、アフラトキシン産生菌の菌体量が、無処理区の菌体量の５０％以上となる呼吸阻害剤とは、処理濃度に関係なく、無処理区の菌体量に比して、その菌体量が、常に５０％以上であることを意味する。菌体量を抑制する程度は、処理区の菌体量が、無処理区の菌体量に比して５０％以上であれば特に制限されないが、無処理区に比して７０％以上が好ましく、さらに９５％以上であるのが好ましく、通常、菌に対しては活性が認められない呼吸阻害剤を用いるのが好ましい。前述の特許文献１には、アゾキシストロビン、フルオキサストロビン、クレソキシムメチル、ピコキシストロビン、ピロクロストロビン、トリフロキシストロビン、ボスカリドが呼吸阻害剤として記載されているが、前述した通り、特許文献１においては、あくまでもアフラトキシン産生菌の生存または増殖を抑制することにより、アフラトキシンの産生を抑制するものであって、菌の生存または増殖を抑制することなく、アフラトキシンの産生を抑制する本願発明とは、その技術思想において、明らかに異なるものである。 (Aflatoxin production inhibitor)
The aflatoxin production inhibitor of the present invention contains at least a respiratory inhibitor, and may further contain other components as necessary. The aflatoxin production inhibitor inhibits aflatoxin production, and the degree thereof is not particularly limited as long as the production amount of aflatoxin can be suppressed as compared with the non-treatment group of the inhibitor.
In addition, the aflatoxin production inhibitor of the present invention is preferably a respiratory inhibitor that is treated at a concentration such that the amount of aflatoxin-producing bacteria is 50% or more of the amount of cells in the untreated section, or an aflatoxin-producing bacterium It is preferable that the amount of microbial cells is a respiratory inhibitor that is 50% or more of the amount of microbial cells in the untreated section. The respiratory inhibitor treated at a concentration that is 50% or more of the amount of cells in the untreated group is the survival or growth of aflatoxin-producing bacteria depending on the concentration, but less than 50% of the amount of cells in the untreated group, that is, the control area The amount of bacterial cells can be suppressed up to this point, but it means that the production of aflatoxin itself can be suppressed even when treated at a low concentration instead of such a high concentration. The degree of suppressing the amount of cells is not particularly limited as long as the amount of cells in the treated group is 50% or more compared to the amount of cells in the untreated group, but is 70% or more compared to the untreated group. It is preferably 95% or more. In addition, a respiratory inhibitor in which the amount of aflatoxin-producing bacteria is 50% or more of the amount of cells in the untreated group is different from the amount of cells in the untreated group, regardless of the treatment concentration. It means that the body weight is always 50% or more. The degree of suppressing the amount of cells is not particularly limited as long as the amount of cells in the treated group is 50% or more compared to the amount of cells in the untreated group, but is 70% or more compared to the untreated group. Preferably, it is more preferably 95% or more, and it is usually preferable to use a respiratory inhibitor that is not active against bacteria. In the aforementioned Patent Document 1, azoxystrobin, floxastrobin, cresoxime methyl, picoxystrobin, pyroclostrobin, trifloxystrobin, and boscalid are described as respiratory inhibitors. In Patent Document 1, the present invention suppresses aflatoxin production by suppressing the survival or growth of aflatoxin-producing bacteria, and suppresses aflatoxin production without suppressing the survival or growth of the bacteria. Is clearly different from the technical idea.

＜呼吸阻害剤＞
前記呼吸阻害剤とは、ミトコンドリアの電子伝達系を阻害したり、プロトン濃度勾配を失わせたりすることにより、微生物の呼吸を阻害するものをいう。 <Respiratory inhibitor>
The respiration inhibitor refers to an agent that inhibits respiration of microorganisms by inhibiting the mitochondrial electron transport system or losing a proton concentration gradient.

前記呼吸阻害剤としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができる。
以下に、呼吸阻害剤の具体例を標的部位ごとに分けて、列記する。
（１）複合体Ｉ ＮＡＤＨ酸化還元酵素阻害剤：
ジフルメトリム（ｄｉｆｌｕｍｅｔｏｒｉｍ）；トルフェンピラド（ｔｏｌｆｅｎｐｙｒａｄ）；フェナザキン（ｆｅｎａｚａｑｕｉｎ）、フェンプロキシメート（ｆｅｎｐｙｒｏｘｉｍａｔｅ）、ピリミジフェン（ｐｙｒｉｍｉｄｉｆｅｎ）、ピリダベン（ｐｙｒｉｄａｂｅｎ）、ロテノン（ｒｏｔｅｎｏｎｅ）、テブフェンピラド（ｔｅｂｕｆｅｎｐｙｒａｄ）；
（２）複合体ＩＩ コハク酸脱水素酵素阻害剤：
ベノダニル（ｂｅｎｏｄａｎｉｌ）、ベンゾビンジフルピル（ｂｅｎｚｏｖｉｎｄｉｆｌｕｐｙｒ）、ビキサフェン（ｂｉｘａｆｅｎ）、ボスカリド（ｂｏｓｃａｌｉｄ）、カルボキシン（ｃａｒｂｏｘｉｎ）、フェンフラム（ｆｅｎｆｕｒａｍ）、フルオピラム（ｆｌｕｏｐｙｒａｍ）、フルキサピロキサド（ｆｌｕｘａｐｙｒｏｘａｄ）、フラメトピル（ｆｕｒａｍｅｔｐｙｒ）フルメシクロックス（ｆｕｒｍｅｃｙｃｌｏｘ）、フルトラニル（ｆｌｕｔｏｌａｎｉｌ）、イソフェタミド（ｉｓｏｆｅｔａｍｉｄ）、イソピラザム（ｉｓｏｐｙｒａｚａｍ）、メプロニル（ｍｅｐｒｏｎｉｌ）、オキシカルボキシン（ｏｘｙｃａｒｂｏｘｉｎ）、ペンフルフェン（ｐｅｎｆｌｕｆｅｎ）、ペンチオピラド（ｐｅｎｔｈｉｏｐｙｒａｄ）、セダキサン（ｓｅｄａｘａｎｅ）チフルザミド（ｔｈｉｆｌｕｚａｍｉｄｅ）；シッカニン（ｓｉｃｃａｎｉｎ）、アトペニンＡ５（ａｔｐｅｎｉｎ Ａ５）；シエノピラフェン（ｃｙｅｎｏｐｙｒａｆｅｎ）；
（３）複合体ＩＩＩ ユビキノールオキシダーゼＱｏ阻害剤：
アゾキシストロビン（ａｚｏｘｙｓｔｒｏｂｉｎ）、クモキシストロビン（ｃｏｕｍｏｘｙｓｔｒｏｂｉｎ）、クメトキシストロビン（ｃｏｕｍｅｔｈｏｘｙｓｔｒｏｂｉｎ）、エノキサストロビン（ｅｎｏｘａｓｔｒｏｂｉｎ）、フルフェノキシストロビン（ｆｌｕｆｅｎｏｘｙｓｔｒｏｂｉｎ）、ピコキシストロビン（ｐｉｃｏｘｙｓｔｒｏｂｉｎ）、ピラオキシストロビン（ｐｙｒａｏｘｙｓｔｒｏｂｉｎ）、フルアクリピリム（ｆｌｕａｃｒｙｐｙｒｉｍ）などのメトキシアクリル酸類；ピラクロストロビン（ｐｙｒａｃｌｏｓｔｒｏｂｉｎ）、ピラメトストロビン（ｐｙｒａｍｅｔｏｓｔｒｏｂｉｎ）、トリクロピリカルブ（ｔｒｉｃｌｏｐｙｒｉｃａｒｂ）などのメトキシカーバメート類；クレソキシム−メチル（ｋｒｅｓｏｘｉｍ−ｍｅｔｈｙｌ）、トリフロキシストロビン（ｔｒｉｆｌｏｘｙｓｔｒｏｂｉｎ）などのオキシイミノ酢酸類；ジモキシストロビン（ｄｉｍｏｘｙｓｔｒｏｂｉｎ）、フェナミンストロビン（ｆｅｎａｍｉｎｓｔｒｏｂｉｎ）、メトミノストロビン（ｍｅｔｏｍｉｎｏｓｔｒｏｂｉｎ）、オリサストロビン（ｏｒｙｓａｓｔｒｏｂｉｎ）などのオキシミノアセタミド類；ファモキサドン（ｆａｍｏｘａｄｏｎｅ）などのオキサゾリジンジオン類；フルオキサストロビン（ｆｌｕｏｘａｓｔｒｏｂｉｎ）などのジヒドロジオキサジン類；フェンアミドン（ｆｅｎａｍｉｄｏｎｅ）などのイミダゾリノン類；ピリベンカルブ（ｐｙｒｉｂｅｎｃａｒｂ）などのベンジルカーバメート類；その他、アセキノシル（ａｃｅｑｕｉｎｏｃｙｌ）；
（４）複合体ＩＩＩ ユビキノール還元酵素Ｑｉ阻害剤：
アミスルブロム（ａｍｉｓｕｌｂｒｏｍ）、アンチマイシンＡ（ａｎｔｉｍｙｃｉｎ Ａ）、シアゾファミド（ｃｙａｚｏｆａｍｉｄ）；
（５）酸化的リン酸化の脱共役剤：
ビナパクリル（ｂｉｎａｐａｃｒｙｌ）、メプチルジノカップ（ｍｅｐｔｙｌｄｉｎｏｃａｐ）、ジノカップ（ｄｉｎｏｃａｐ）；クロルフェナピル（ｃｈｌｏｒｆｅｎａｐｙｒ）、フェリムゾン（ｆｅｒｉｍｚｏｎｅ）、フルアジナム（ｆｌｕａｚｉｎａｍ）、スルフラミド（ｓｕｌｆｌｕｒａｍｉｄ）、ＤＮＯＣ；
（６）酸化的リン酸化阻害剤（ＡＴＰ合成酵素の阻害剤）：
フェンチンアセテート（ｆｅｎｔｉｎ ａｃｅｔａｔｅ）、塩化フェンチン（ｆｅｎｔｉｎ ｃｈｌｏｒｉｄｅ）、水酸化フェンチン（ｆｅｎｔｉｎ ｈｙｄｒｏｘｉｄｅ）；アゾシクロチン（ａｚｏｃｙｃｌｏｔｉｎ）、サイヘキサチン（ｃｙｈｅｘａｔｉｎ）、ジアフェンチウロン（ｄｉａｆｅｎｔｈｉｕｒｏｎ）、酸化フェンブタスズ（ｆｅｎｂｕｔａｔｉｎ ｏｘｉｄｅ）、プロパルギット（ｐｒｏｐａｒｇｉｔｅ）、テトラジホン（ｔｅｔｒａｄｉｆｏｎ）；
（７）ＡＴＰ生産阻害剤：
シルチオファム（ｓｉｌｔｈｉｏｆａｍ）；
（８）複合体ＩＩＩ チロクローム ｂｃ１（ユビキノン還元酵素）のＱｘ（未知）阻害剤：
アメトクトラジン（ａｍｅｔｏｃｔｒａｄｉｎ）；ヒドラメチルノン（ｈｙｄｒａｍｅｔｈｙｌｎｏｎ）；
（９）その他の剤：
ビフェナゼト（ｂｉｆｅｎａｚａｔｅ）
これらは、１種単独で使用してもよいし、２種以上を併用してもよい。 There is no restriction | limiting in particular as said respiratory inhibitor, According to the objective, it can select suitably.
Specific examples of respiratory inhibitors are listed below for each target site.
(1) Complex I NADH oxidoreductase inhibitor:
Diflumetorim; tolfenpyrad; fenazaquin, fenproximate, pyrimidifene, pyridaben, tebutenone; rotenone
(2) Complex II Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor:
Benodanil, benzovindiflupyr, bixafen, boscalid, carboxin, fenfuram, fropyram, flupyram, flupyram. ) Flumecyclox, flutolanil, isofetamid, isopyrazam, mepronil, oxycarboxin, penflufen pentiopentyl Dakisan (sedaxane) thifluzamide (thifluzamide); Shikkanin (siccanin), Atopenin A5 (atpenin A5); Shienopirafen (cyenopyrafen);
(3) Complex III Ubiquinol oxidase Qo inhibitor:
Azoxystrobin, cumoxystrobin, cumethoxystrobin, enoxastrobin, flufenoxystrobin, picoxystrobin (pixoxystrobin) Methoxyacrylic acids such as robin (pyraoxystrobin) and fluacrylpyrim; methoxy carbamates such as pyraclostrobin, pyramethostrobin, triclopyricarb (triclopyricarb); m-methyl), oxyiminoacetic acids such as trifloxystrobin; dimoxystrobin, phenaminestrobin, metminostrobin, orysastroxysine Oxazolidinediones such as famoxadone; dihydrodioxazines such as fluoxastrobin; imidazolinones such as fenamidone; benzyl carbamates such as pyribencarb; (Acequinocyl);
(4) Complex III Ubiquinol reductase Qi inhibitor:
Amisulbrom, antimycin A, cyazofamid;
(5) Oxidative phosphorylation uncoupler:
Binapacryl, meptyldinocap, dinocap; chlorfenapyr, ferrimzone, fluazinam, sulframid; sulframids;
(6) Oxidative phosphorylation inhibitor (inhibitor of ATP synthase):
Fentin acetate, fentin chloride, fentin hydroxide; azocyclotin, cyhexatin, diafenthiuron, fenbutatin oxide propargite), tetradiphon;
(7) ATP production inhibitor:
Silthiofam;
(8) Complex III Cylochrome bc1 (ubiquinone reductase) Qx (unknown) inhibitor:
Amethoctrazine; hydramethylnon;
(9) Other agents:
Bifenazate
These may be used individually by 1 type and may use 2 or more types together.

前記呼吸阻害剤の中でも、ロテノン、シッカニン、アトペニンＡ５、アンチマイシンＡ、ピリダベン、トルフェンピラド、フルアクリピリム、アセキノシル、ビフェナゼト、メプロニル、メトミノストロビン、ピリベンカルブ、シアゾファミドが、アフラトキシン産生菌の生存また増殖を抑制することなく、アフラトキシンの産生を抑制できる点で、好ましい。前記特許文献１に記載されているアゾキシストロビン、フルオキサストロビン、ピコキシストロビン、ピラクロストロビン、トリフロキシストロビン、ボスカリドにおいても、アフラトキシン産生菌の菌体数を、無処理区に比して５０％以上にしか抑制しない濃度で用いた場合でも、アフラトキシンの生成そのものを無処理区に比して抑制することができるので、そのような使用をした場合には、好ましい。
また、前記好ましい呼吸阻害剤の中でも、フルアクリピリム、メトミノストロビンがより好ましく、アフラトキシン産生阻害活性に優れる点で、フルアクリピリムが特に好ましい。
また、ロテノン、シッカニン、アトペニンＡ５、アンチマイシンＡは、天然物由来であり、安全性の点で好ましく、これらの中でも、アフラトキシン産生阻害活性に優れる点で、シッカニン、アトペニンＡ５、アンチマイシンＡがより好ましい。 Among the respiratory inhibitors, rotenone, siccanin, atopenin A5, antimycin A, pyridaben, tolfenpyrad, fluacrylpyrim, acequinosyl, bifenazet, mepronil, metminostrobin, pyribencarb, and cyazofamid inhibit the survival and growth of aflatoxin-producing bacteria. And is preferable in that the production of aflatoxin can be suppressed. In the azoxystrobin, floxastrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, trifloxystrobin, and boscalid described in Patent Document 1, the number of aflatoxin-producing bacteria is set to be untreated. Even when it is used at a concentration that suppresses only 50% or more, the production of aflatoxin itself can be suppressed as compared to the untreated section.
Among the preferable respiratory inhibitors, fluacrylpyrim and metminostrobin are more preferable, and fluacrylpyrim is particularly preferable in that it has excellent aflatoxin production inhibitory activity.
Rotenone, siccanin, atopenin A5, and antimycin A are derived from natural products and are preferable from the viewpoint of safety. Among these, siccanin, atopenin A5, and antimycin A are more preferable because of their excellent aflatoxin production inhibitory activity. preferable.

前記呼吸阻害剤は、市販品を用いてもよいし、生合成若しくは化学合成により製造したものを用いてもよい。
前記生合成若しくは化学合成の方法としては、特に制限はなく、公知の方法を適宜選択して用いることができる。 As the respiratory inhibitor, a commercially available product may be used, or a product produced by biosynthesis or chemical synthesis may be used.
There is no restriction | limiting in particular as the method of the said biosynthesis or a chemical synthesis, A well-known method can be selected suitably and can be used.

前記アフラトキシン産生阻害剤中の前記呼吸阻害剤の含有量としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができる。前記アフラトキシン産生阻害剤は、前記呼吸阻害剤そのものであってもよい。   There is no restriction | limiting in particular as content of the said respiratory inhibitor in the said aflatoxin production inhibitor, According to the objective, it can select suitably. The aflatoxin production inhibitor may be the respiratory inhibitor itself.

＜その他の成分＞
前記アフラトキシン産生阻害剤中の前記その他の成分としては、本発明の効果を損なわない限り、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、任意の農薬、医薬成分、農薬、医薬補助剤などが挙げられる。
前記アフラトキシン産生阻害剤中の、前記その他の成分の含有量としては、本発明の効果を損なわない限り、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができる。 <Other ingredients>
The other components in the aflatoxin production inhibitor are not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. For example, any agrochemical, pharmaceutical component, pesticide, Examples include pharmaceutical adjuvants.
The content of the other components in the aflatoxin production inhibitor is not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose.

＜＜農薬成分＞＞
前記農薬成分としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、以下の農薬の有効成分が挙げられる。
前記農薬としては、例えば、殺カビ剤、殺細菌剤、抗ウイルス剤、植物抵抗性誘導剤、殺虫剤、殺ダニ剤、殺線虫剤、昆虫生育調整剤、昆虫誘引剤、除草剤、植物生長調整剤、共力剤、薬害軽減剤、鳥類忌避剤、肥料、土壌改良剤などが挙げられる。これらは、１種単独で使用してもよく、２種以上を併用してもよい。 << Agricultural chemical ingredients >>
There is no restriction | limiting in particular as said agrochemical component, According to the objective, it can select suitably, For example, the following active ingredients of an agrochemical are mentioned.
Examples of the agrochemicals include fungicides, bactericides, antiviral agents, plant resistance inducers, insecticides, acaricides, nematicides, insect growth regulators, insect attractants, herbicides, plants Examples include growth regulators, synergists, safeners, bird repellents, fertilizers, and soil conditioners. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

＜＜農薬補助剤＞＞
前記農薬補助剤は、担体と、界面活性剤と、その他の補助剤とを含有し、更に必要に応じてその他の成分を含有する。 << Agrochemical adjuvant >>
The agrochemical adjuvant contains a carrier, a surfactant, and other adjuvants, and further contains other components as necessary.

−担体−
前記担体としては、農園芸用に用いることができるものであれば、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、液体担体、固体担体などが挙げられる。これらは、１種単独で使用してもよいし、２種以上を併用してもよい。 -Carrier-
The carrier is not particularly limited as long as it can be used for agriculture and horticulture, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. Examples thereof include a liquid carrier and a solid carrier. These may be used individually by 1 type and may use 2 or more types together.

前記液体担体としては、例えば、水；イソプロピルアルコール、エチレングリコール等のアルコール類；シクロヘキサノン；メチルエチルケトン等のケトン類；プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノ−ｎ−ブチルエーテル等のエーテル類；ケロシン、軽油等の脂肪族炭化水素類；キシレン、トリメチルベンゼン、テトラメチルベンゼン、メチルナフタリン、ソルベントナフサ等の芳香族炭化水素類；Ｎ−メチル−２−ピロリドン等のアミド類；脂肪酸のグリセリンエステル等のエステル類；大豆油、ナタネ油等の植物油などが挙げられる。   Examples of the liquid carrier include water; alcohols such as isopropyl alcohol and ethylene glycol; cyclohexanone; ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone; ethers such as propylene glycol monomethyl ether and diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether; fats such as kerosene and light oil. Aromatic hydrocarbons such as xylene, trimethylbenzene, tetramethylbenzene, methylnaphthalene, and solvent naphtha; amides such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone; esters such as glycerin esters of fatty acids; soybean oil And vegetable oils such as rapeseed oil.

前記固体担体としては、例えば、澱粉、活性炭、大豆粉、小麦粉、木粉、魚粉、粉乳等の動植物性粉末；タルク、カオリン、ベントナイト、ゼオライト、珪藻土、ホワイトカーボン、クレー、アルミナ、炭酸カルシウム、塩化カリウム、硫安等の鉱物性粉末などが挙げられる。   Examples of the solid carrier include animal and vegetable powders such as starch, activated carbon, soybean flour, wheat flour, wood flour, fish flour, and milk powder; talc, kaolin, bentonite, zeolite, diatomaceous earth, white carbon, clay, alumina, calcium carbonate, and chloride. Examples thereof include mineral powders such as potassium and ammonium sulfate.

−界面活性剤−
前記界面活性剤としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、非イオン性界面活性剤、陰イオン性界面活性剤、陽イオン性界面活性剤、両性界面活性剤などが挙げられる。これらの界面活性剤は、１種単独で使用してもよいし、２種以上を併用してもよい。 -Surfactant-
There is no restriction | limiting in particular as said surfactant, According to the objective, it can select suitably, For example, a nonionic surfactant, anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant Etc. These surfactants may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

前記非イオン性界面活性剤としては、例えば、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルアリールエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンスチリルフェニルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエステル、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタンアルキレート、ポリオキシエチレンフェニルエーテルポリマー、ポリオキシエチレンアルキレンアリールフェニルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンアルキレングリコール、ポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレンブロックポリマーなどが挙げられる。   Examples of the nonionic surfactant include polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ether, polyoxyethylene styryl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan alkylate, polyoxyethylene phenyl ether. Examples thereof include polymers, polyoxyethylene alkylene aryl phenyl ethers, polyoxyethylene alkylene glycols, and polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polymers.

前記陰イオン性界面活性剤としては、例えば、リグニンスルホン酸塩、アルキルアリールスルホン酸塩、ジアルキルスルホサクシネート、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルアリールエーテルサルフェート、アルキルナフタレンスルホン酸塩、ポリオキシエチレンスチリルフェニルエーテルサルフェートなどが挙げられる。   Examples of the anionic surfactant include lignin sulfonate, alkylaryl sulfonate, dialkyl sulfosuccinate, polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ether sulfate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, polyoxyethylene styryl phenyl ether sulfate, and the like. Is mentioned.

前記陽イオン性界面活性剤としては、例えば、アルキルアミン塩などが挙げられる。
前記両性界面活性剤としては、例えば、第４級アンモニウム塩アルキルベタイン、アミンオキサイドなどが挙げられる。 Examples of the cationic surfactant include alkylamine salts.
Examples of the amphoteric surfactant include quaternary ammonium salt alkylbetaines and amine oxides.

−その他の補助剤−
前記その他の補助剤としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、粘結剤、増粘剤、固着剤、防腐防カビ剤、溶剤、農薬活性成分の安定化剤、酸化防止剤、紫外線防止剤、結晶析出防止剤、消泡剤、物性向上剤、着色剤などが挙げられる。
前記粘結剤、増粘剤、固着剤としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、デキストリン、セルロース、メチルセルロース、エチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルデンプン、プルラン、アルギン酸ナトリウム、アルギン酸アンモニウム、アルギン酸プロピレングリコールエステル、グアーガム、ローカストビーンガム、アラビアゴム、キサンタンガム、ゼラチン、カゼイン、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリエチレンオキサイド、ポリエチレングリコール、エチレン・プロピレンブロックポリマー、ポリアクリル酸ナトリウム、ポリビニルピロリドンなどが挙げられる。 -Other adjuvants-
The other adjuvant is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. For example, a binder, a thickener, a sticking agent, an antiseptic and fungicide, a solvent, and stabilization of an agrochemical active ingredient. Agents, antioxidants, ultraviolet light inhibitors, crystal precipitation inhibitors, antifoaming agents, physical property improvers, colorants and the like.
The binder, thickener, and fixing agent are not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose.For example, dextrin, cellulose, methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, carboxymethyl starch, pullulan, sodium alginate, ammonium alginate, propylene glycol ester alginate, guar gum, locust bean gum, gum arabic, xanthan gum, gelatin, casein, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene oxide, polyethylene glycol, ethylene / propylene block polymer , Sodium polyacrylate, polyvinylpyrrolidone and the like.

＜剤型＞
前記アフラトキシン産生阻害剤の剤型としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、乳剤、懸濁剤、水和剤、水溶剤、液剤、ゾル剤（フロアブル剤）、顆粒水和剤、粉剤、細粒剤、粒剤、錠剤、油剤、噴霧剤、煙霧剤、エアゾール剤、ペースト剤などが挙げられる。これらの中でも、液剤が好ましい。
前記各剤の製造方法としては、特に制限はなく、公知の方法により製造することができる。 <Dosage form>
The dosage form of the aflatoxin production inhibitor is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. For example, emulsion, suspension, wettable powder, aqueous solvent, liquid, sol (flowable) Granule wettable powder, powder, fine granules, granules, tablets, oils, sprays, fumes, aerosols, pastes and the like. Among these, a liquid agent is preferable.
There is no restriction | limiting in particular as a manufacturing method of each said agent, It can manufacture by a well-known method.

＜混用あるいは併用＞
前記アフラトキシン産生阻害剤は、他の殺菌剤（殺カビ剤、殺細菌剤、抗ウイルス剤、植物抵抗性誘導剤など）、殺虫剤、殺ダニ剤、殺線虫剤、昆虫生育調整剤、昆虫誘引剤、除草剤、植物生長調整剤、共力剤、薬害軽減剤、鳥類忌避剤、肥料、土壌改良剤等との混用あるいは併用することもできる。 <Mixed or combined>
The aflatoxin production inhibitors include other fungicides (fungicides, bactericides, antiviral agents, plant resistance inducers, etc.), insecticides, acaricides, nematicides, insect growth regulators, insects It can also be used in combination or in combination with attractants, herbicides, plant growth regulators, synergists, safeners, bird repellents, fertilizers, soil conditioners and the like.

＜用途＞
前記アフラトキシン産生阻害剤は、優れたアフラトキシンの産生阻害活性を有することから、アフラトキシン汚染防除方法に好適に利用可能である。 <Application>
Since the aflatoxin production inhibitor has an excellent aflatoxin production inhibitory activity, it can be suitably used in a method for controlling aflatoxin contamination.

（アフラトキシン汚染防除方法）
本発明のアフラトキシン汚染防除方法は、前述したいずれかに記載のアフラトキシン産生阻害剤を、アフラトキシン産生菌が付着する可能性がある植物、該植物から収穫された果実、及び／または貯蔵時の該果実に処理することを特徴とするアフラトキシン汚染防除方法である。
前記アフラトキシン産生菌が付着する可能性がある植物とは、アフラトキシン産生菌が宿主として付着し感染する可能性がある植物を意味し、該植物は、いまだ感染していない状態であっても、すでに感染している状態であってもよく、すでに感染した状態であっていまだ発病する前の状態であっても、既に発病した後の状態であっても構わない。また、いまだ収穫物である果実が、結実する前でも結実した後であってもよい。また、収穫前の果実に及び／または収穫後の果実に該阻害剤を処理するいずれの場合であっても構わない。また、収穫後、短期または長期に亘って該果実を保存する場合に、保存の初期、保存中、及び／または出荷前に該果実に処理するいずれの場合であっても構わない。処理方法は該産生阻害剤と防除対象物が接触するできる方法であれば、特に制限されず、具体的には、前記アフラトキシン産生阻害剤をそのまま、又は水等で希釈した状態で、散布（例えば、噴霧、ミスティング、アトマイジング、散粉、散粒、水面施用、箱施用等）する方法、土壌施用（例えば、混入、潅注等）する方法、表面施用（例えば、塗布、粉衣、被覆等）する方法、浸漬する方法などが挙げられる。 (Aflatoxin contamination control method)
The method for controlling aflatoxin contamination according to the present invention comprises a plant having a possibility that an aflatoxin-producing bacterium adheres thereto, a fruit harvested from the plant, and / or the fruit at the time of storage. A method for controlling aflatoxin contamination, characterized by comprising
The plant to which the aflatoxin-producing bacteria may adhere means a plant to which the aflatoxin-producing bacteria may adhere and infect as a host, and the plant is already in an uninfected state even if it is not yet infected. It may be in an infected state, may be in an already infected state and is not yet ill, or may be in a state after being ill. Moreover, the fruit which is still a harvest may be before or after fruiting. Further, it may be any case where the inhibitor is treated on the fruit before harvesting and / or on the fruit after harvesting. Further, when the fruit is stored for a short period or a long period after harvesting, it may be any case where the fruit is processed at the initial stage of storage, during storage, and / or before shipment. The treatment method is not particularly limited as long as the production inhibitor can be brought into contact with the object to be controlled. Specifically, the aflatoxin production inhibitor is spread as it is or diluted with water or the like (for example, Spraying, misting, atomizing, dusting, dusting, water surface application, box application, etc.), soil application (eg, mixing, irrigation, etc.), surface application (eg, application, dressing, coating, etc.) And a dipping method.

アフラトキシン産生阻害剤を処理する対象物としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、植物体、農作物などが挙げられる。
前記農作物としては、例えば、トウモロコシ、コメ、ソバ、ハトムギ等の穀類；ピーナッツ、ピスタチオナッツ、ブラジルナッツ等のナッツ類；ナツメグ、唐辛子、パプリカ等の香辛料；コーヒー豆等の豆類；ゴマ類；綿実；などが挙げられる。 There is no restriction | limiting in particular as a target object which processes an aflatoxin production inhibitor, According to the objective, it can select suitably, For example, a plant body, agricultural products, etc. are mentioned.
Examples of the agricultural crops include grains such as corn, rice, buckwheat and pearl barley; nuts such as peanut, pistachio nut and brazil nut; spices such as nutmeg, chili and paprika; beans such as coffee beans; sesame seeds; And so on.

前記アフラトキシン産生阻害剤の施用量としては、特に制限はなく、製剤の形態、対象病害や作物の種類、病害による被害の程度、施用場所、施用方法、施用時期、混用あるいは併用する薬剤や肥料等の種類や使用量、気象などの種々の条件に応じて、適宜選択することができる。   The application amount of the aflatoxin production inhibitor is not particularly limited, and includes the form of the preparation, the target disease or crop type, the degree of damage caused by the disease, the application location, the application method, the application timing, the drugs to be mixed or used together, and fertilizer Can be appropriately selected according to various conditions such as the type, amount used, and weather.

前記アフラトキシン産生阻害剤の施用濃度としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて、適宜選択することができるが、前記呼吸阻害剤の濃度が、０．００１ｍＭ以上となるように施用することが好ましく、０．０１ｍＭ以上となるように施用することがより好ましい。前記施用濃度が、０．０１ｍＭ未満であると、アフラトキシンの産生を十分に阻害できないことがある。特に、アフラトキシン産生菌の菌体量が、無処理区に比して５０％以上、好ましくは、７０％以上、さらに好ましくは、９５％以上になるような濃度で処理するのが好ましい。   The application concentration of the aflatoxin production inhibitor is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. It is preferable to apply the concentration of the respiratory inhibitor to 0.001 mM or more. It is more preferable to apply so that it may become 0.01 mM or more. When the application concentration is less than 0.01 mM, production of aflatoxins may not be sufficiently inhibited. In particular, it is preferable to treat at a concentration such that the amount of aflatoxin-producing bacteria is 50% or more, preferably 70% or more, and more preferably 95% or more compared to the untreated group.

以下に試験例を挙げて本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらの試験例に何ら限定されるものではない。   The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to test examples, but the present invention is not limited to these test examples.

（試験例１：アフラトキシンの産生阻害活性の評価）
以下の呼吸阻害剤のアフラトキシンの産生阻害活性を以下のようにして評価した。 (Test Example 1: Evaluation of aflatoxin production inhibitory activity)
The aflatoxin production inhibitory activity of the following respiratory inhibitors was evaluated as follows.

＜胞子懸濁液の調製＞
アフラトキシンＢ１及びＧ１の産生菌として、Ａｓｐｅｒｇｉｌｌｕｓ ｐａｒａｓｉｔｉｃｕｓ ＮＲＲＬ ２９９９（ＵＳＤＡ、Ａｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒａｌ Ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ Ｓｅｒｖｉｃｅ、ＵＳＡより入手）をポテトデキストロース寒天培地（ＰＤＡ培地；Ｄｉｆｃｏ製）の斜面培地上で、２７．５℃で７日間培養後、その菌叢より胞子を白金耳で掻きとり、６．５×１０４ｃｅｌｌ／μＬになるようＴｗｅｅｎ２０を０．１質量％含む蒸留水に懸濁して胞子懸濁液を調製した。 <Preparation of spore suspension>
Aspergillus parasiticus NRRL 2999 (USDA, obtained from Agricultural Research Service, USA) as an aflatoxin B 1 and G 1 producing strain on a potato dextrose agar medium (PDA medium; manufactured by Difco) at 77.5 ° C. After culturing for a day, spores were scraped from the bacterial flora with a platinum loop and suspended in distilled water containing 0.1% by mass of Tween 20 to a concentration of 6.5 × 10 4 cells / μL to prepare a spore suspension.

＜アフラトキシンの産生阻害活性の評価＞
表１及び表５に示す呼吸阻害剤を、それぞれ終濃度が、０ｍＭ（コントロール）、０．００１ｍＭとなるように、２４ウェルのマイクロプレートの各ウェルに入れた。表２に示す呼吸阻害剤を、それぞれ終濃度が、０ｍＭ（コントロール）、０．０１ｍＭとなるように、２４ウェルのマイクロプレートの各ウェルに入れた。表３に示す呼吸阻害剤を、それぞれ終濃度が、０ｍＭ（コントロール）、０．０２ｍＭとなるように、２４ウェルのマイクロプレートの各ウェルに入れた。表４に示す呼吸阻害剤を、それぞれ終濃度が、０ｍＭ（コントロール）、０．２ｍＭとなるように、２４ウェルのマイクロプレートの各ウェルに入れた。各ウェルの液体量が合計１ｍＬとなるようにポテトデキストロース液体培地（Ｄｉｆｃｏ製）を加えた。
それぞれのウェルに、前記胞子懸濁液（Ａ．ｐａｒａｓｉｔｉｃｕｓ ＮＲＲＬ ２９９９）を１０μＬ／ウェルずつ植菌し、２７．５℃で３日間静置培養した。 <Evaluation of aflatoxin production inhibitory activity>
The respiratory inhibitors shown in Table 1 and Table 5 were put in each well of a 24-well microplate so that the final concentrations were 0 mM (control) and 0.001 mM, respectively. Respiration inhibitors shown in Table 2 were placed in each well of a 24-well microplate so that the final concentrations were 0 mM (control) and 0.01 mM, respectively. Respiration inhibitors shown in Table 3 were placed in each well of a 24-well microplate so that the final concentrations were 0 mM (control) and 0.02 mM, respectively. Respiration inhibitors shown in Table 4 were placed in each well of a 24-well microplate so that the final concentrations were 0 mM (control) and 0.2 mM, respectively. Potato dextrose liquid medium (manufactured by Difco) was added so that the liquid volume in each well was 1 mL in total.
In each well, 10 μL / well of the spore suspension ( A. parasiticus NRRL 2999) was inoculated and statically cultured at 27.5 ° C. for 3 days.

３日間培養後、それぞれのウェルの培養液を遠心分離し、菌体と培養上清とに分離した。
前記菌体は、５ｍＬの蒸留水で洗浄後、１．５ｍＬのマイクロチューブに移し、凍結乾燥させた。前記凍結乾燥後、菌体入りのマイクロチューブの質量を測定し、空のマイクロチューブの質量を差し引いた質量を菌体質量とした。 After culturing for 3 days, the culture solution in each well was centrifuged to separate the cells and the culture supernatant.
The cells were washed with 5 mL of distilled water, transferred to a 1.5 mL microtube, and lyophilized. After the lyophilization, the mass of the microtube containing the microbial cells was measured, and the mass obtained by subtracting the mass of the empty microtube was taken as the microbial mass.

前記培養上清は、該培養上清０．７ｍＬをクロロホルム０．２ｍＬで抽出し、風乾によりクロロホルムを留去後、０．２５ｍＬの９０体積％アセトニトリル水溶液に溶解した。この溶液について、下記測定条件にて、高速液体クロマトグラフィー（ＨＰＬＣ）を行い、アフラトキシンの質量を定量した。
［ＨＰＬＣの測定条件］
・装置：ＬＣ−２０００ ｐｌｕｓ ＨＰＬＣ ｓｙｓｔｅｍ（日本分光株式会社製）
・カラム：Ｃａｐｃｅｌｌ−ｐａｋ Ｃ１８ ｃｏｌｕｍｎ ＵＧ１２０（長さ２５０ｍｍ、直径４．６ｍｍ、資生堂株式会社製）
・溶出液：アセトニトリル／メタノール／水（１０：３０：６０（体積比））
・溶出条件：２０分間のアイソラクティック溶出
・流量：１ｍＬ／分間
・保持時間：アフラトキシンＢ１（８．３分間）
アフラトキシンＧ１（１１．１分間）
・検出：ＵＶ３６５ｎｍ For the culture supernatant, 0.7 mL of the culture supernatant was extracted with 0.2 mL of chloroform, and chloroform was distilled off by air drying, followed by dissolution in 0.25 mL of a 90% by volume acetonitrile aqueous solution. This solution was subjected to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) under the following measurement conditions to quantify the mass of aflatoxin.
[HPLC measurement conditions]
Apparatus: LC-2000 plus HPLC system (manufactured by JASCO Corporation)
Column: Capcell-pak C 18 column UG120 (length 250 mm, diameter 4.6 mm, manufactured by Shiseido Co., Ltd.)
Eluent: acetonitrile / methanol / water (10:30:60 (volume ratio))
・ Elution condition: Isolactic elution for 20 minutes ・ Flow rate: 1 mL / min ・ Retention time: Aflatoxin B 1 (8.3 minutes)
Aflatoxin G 1 (11.1 minutes)
・ Detection: UV365nm

−アフラトキシン産生阻害率（％）−
前記呼吸阻害剤の各添加濃度におけるアフラトキシン産生阻害率を下記式から算出した。結果を表１から表５に示す。
アフラトキシン産生阻害率（％）＝｛（Ｘ−Ｙ）／Ｘ｝×１００
Ｘ：コントロール（呼吸阻害剤無添加）の場合のアフラトキシン産生量（μｇ／ｍＬ）
Ｙ：呼吸阻害剤を添加した場合のアフラトキシン産生量（μｇ／ｍＬ）
アフラトキシン産生量としては、Ａ．ｐａｒａｓｉｔｉｃｕｓ ＮＲＲＬ ２９９９の培養液中に生産が確認できるアフラトキシン類である、アフラトキシンＢ１およびアフラトキシンＧ１を合計した量を用いて算出した。 -Aflatoxin production inhibition rate (%)-
The inhibition rate of aflatoxin production at each concentration of the respiratory inhibitor was calculated from the following formula. The results are shown in Tables 1 to 5.
Aflatoxin production inhibition rate (%) = {(XY) / X} × 100
X: Aflatoxin production (μg / mL) in the case of control (no respiratory inhibitor added)
Y: Aflatoxin production amount (μg / mL) when a respiratory inhibitor is added
As aflatoxin production amount, A. parasiticus is a aflatoxins production can be confirmed in the culture of NRRL 2999, was calculated using the amount of the sum of aflatoxin B 1 and aflatoxin G 1.

前記呼吸阻害剤の菌体質量に対する影響を以下の基準で評価した。結果を表１から表５に示す。
［評価基準］
−（影響なし） ： 菌体質量が、コントロール（呼吸阻害剤無添加）の場合の菌体質量に対して９５％以上である。
±（ほぼ影響なし） ： 菌体質量が、コントロール（呼吸阻害剤無添加）の場合の菌体質量に対して７０％以上９５％未満である。
＋（影響あり） ： 菌体質量が、コントロール（呼吸阻害剤無添加）の場合の菌体質量に対して５０％以上７０％未満である。
＋＋（強い影響あり） ： 菌体質量が、コントロール（呼吸阻害剤無添加）の場合の菌体質量に対して５０％未満である。 The influence of the respiratory inhibitor on the cell mass was evaluated according to the following criteria. The results are shown in Tables 1 to 5.
[Evaluation criteria]
-(No effect): The cell mass is 95% or more with respect to the cell mass in the case of the control (no respiratory inhibitor added).
± (substantially unaffected): The cell mass is 70% or more and less than 95% with respect to the cell mass in the case of control (without addition of a respiratory inhibitor).
+ (Influence): The cell mass is 50% or more and less than 70% with respect to the cell mass in the case of the control (without addition of a respiratory inhibitor).
++ (with strong influence): The cell mass is less than 50% with respect to the cell mass in the case of control (without addition of a respiratory inhibitor).

Figure 2016166131
Figure 2016166131
Figure 2016166131
Figure 2016166131
Figure 2016166131
Figure 2016166131
Figure 2016166131
Figure 2016166131
Figure 2016166131
Figure 2016166131

表１から５に示すように、各呼吸阻害剤がアフラトキシン産生阻害活性を有することが確認された。クレソキシムメチル以外の呼吸阻害剤では、カビの生育に対する影響はほとんど認められず、選択的にアフラトキシンの産生を阻害することが確認された。中でも、フルアクリピリムが０．００１ｍＭで効果を示す他の薬剤に比べて、最も選択性が高く、強いアフラトキシン産生阻害活性を有していた。   As shown in Tables 1 to 5, it was confirmed that each respiratory inhibitor has an aflatoxin production inhibitory activity. Respiratory inhibitors other than Cresoxime Methyl had little effect on mold growth and were confirmed to selectively inhibit aflatoxin production. Above all, fluacrylpyrim had the highest selectivity and strong aflatoxin production inhibitory activity compared to other drugs that showed an effect at 0.001 mM.

Claims (6)

呼吸阻害剤を含むことを特徴とするアフラトキシン産生阻害剤。   An aflatoxin production inhibitor comprising a respiratory inhibitor. 呼吸阻害剤が、アフラトキシン産生菌の菌体量が、無処理区の菌体量の５０％以上となる濃度で処理する呼吸阻害剤、またはアフラトキシン産生菌の菌体量が、無処理区の菌体量の５０％以上となる呼吸阻害剤であることを特徴とする請求項１に記載のアフラトキシン産生阻害剤。   The respiratory inhibitor is a respiratory inhibitor that treats at a concentration such that the amount of aflatoxin-producing bacteria is 50% or more of the amount of untreated cells, or the amount of aflatoxin-producing bacteria is untreated. The aflatoxin production inhibitor according to claim 1, which is a respiratory inhibitor that is 50% or more of the body weight. 呼吸阻害剤が、ロテノン（ｒｏｔｅｎｏｎｅ）、シッカニン（ｓｉｃｃａｎｉｎ）、アトペニンＡ５（ａｔｐｅｎｉｎ Ａ５）、アンチマイシンＡ（ａｎｔｉｍｙｃｉｎ Ａ）、ピリダベン（ｐｙｒｉｄａｂｅｎ）、トルフェンピラド（ｔｏｌｆｅｎｐｙｒａｄ）、フルアクリピリム（ｆｌｕａｃｒｙｐｙｒｉｍ）、アセキノシル（ａｃｅｑｕｉｎｏｃｙｌ）、ビフェナゼト（ｂｉｆｅｎａｚａｔｅ）、メプロニル（ｍｅｐｒｏｎｉｌ）、メトミノストロビン（ｍｅｔｏｍｉｎｏｓｔｒｏｂｉｎ）、ピリベンカルブ（ｐｙｒｉｂｅｎｃａｒｂ）、及びシアゾファミド（ｃｙａｚｏｆａｍｉｄ）から選択される少なくとも１種である請求項１または２に記載のアフラトキシン産生阻害剤。   Respiratory inhibitors include rotenone, siccanin, atpenin A5, antimycin A, pyridaben, tolfenpyrad, fluacrylopyceyl, fluacrylpyrce The aflatoxin production inhibitor according to claim 1 or 2, which is at least one selected from bifenazate, mepronil, metminostrobin, pyribencarb, and cyazofamid. 呼吸阻害剤が、フルアクリピリム（ｆｌｕａｃｒｙｐｙｒｉｍ）である請求項１または２に記載のアフラトキシン産生阻害剤。   The aflatoxin production inhibitor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the respiratory inhibitor is fluacrylpyrim. 呼吸阻害剤が、ロテノン（ｒｏｔｅｎｏｎｅ）、シッカニン（ｓｉｃｃａｎｉｎ）、アトペニンＡ５（ａｔｐｅｎｉｎ Ａ５）、及びアンチマイシンＡ（ａｎｔｉｍｙｃｉｎ Ａ）から選択される少なくとも１種である請求項１または２に記載のアフラトキシン産生阻害剤。   The aflatoxin production inhibition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the respiratory inhibitor is at least one selected from rotenone, siccanin, atpenin A5, and antimycin A. Agent. 請求項１から５のいずれかに記載のアフラトキシン産生阻害剤を、アフラトキシン産生菌が付着する可能性がある植物、該植物から収穫された果実、及び／または貯蔵時の該果実に処理することを特徴とするアフラトキシン汚染防除方法。   The aflatoxin production inhibitor according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is treated on a plant to which an aflatoxin-producing bacterium may adhere, a fruit harvested from the plant, and / or the fruit at the time of storage. A characteristic method for controlling aflatoxin contamination.
JP2013145423A 2013-07-11 2013-07-11 Aflatoxin production inhibitor and aflatoxin contamination control method Pending JP2016166131A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2013145423A JP2016166131A (en) 2013-07-11 2013-07-11 Aflatoxin production inhibitor and aflatoxin contamination control method
IN26DE2014 IN2014DE00026A (en) 2013-07-11 2014-01-06
KR1020140001776A KR20150007918A (en) 2013-07-11 2014-01-07 Aflatoxin Production Inhibitor and Method for Controlling Aflatoxin Contamination
AU2014200080A AU2014200080A1 (en) 2013-07-11 2014-01-08 Aflatoxin Production Inhibitor And Method For Controlling Aflatoxin Contamination
PCT/JP2014/067775 WO2015005209A1 (en) 2013-07-11 2014-07-03 Aflatoxin production inhibitor, and aflatoxin contamination control method
ARP140102572A AR096887A1 (en) 2013-07-11 2014-07-11 AFLATOXIN PRODUCTION INHIBITOR AND PROCEDURE TO COMBAT AFLATOXIN CONTAMINATION

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2013145423A JP2016166131A (en) 2013-07-11 2013-07-11 Aflatoxin production inhibitor and aflatoxin contamination control method

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2016166131A true JP2016166131A (en) 2016-09-15

Family

ID=52279894

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2013145423A Pending JP2016166131A (en) 2013-07-11 2013-07-11 Aflatoxin production inhibitor and aflatoxin contamination control method

Country Status (6)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2016166131A (en)
KR (1) KR20150007918A (en)
AR (1) AR096887A1 (en)
AU (1) AU2014200080A1 (en)
IN (1) IN2014DE00026A (en)
WO (1) WO2015005209A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2018102172A (en) * 2016-12-26 2018-07-05 正和 志賀 Production method of dry nutmeg

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2019094261A (en) * 2016-03-29 2019-06-20 国立大学法人 東京大学 Aflatoxin production inhibitor and aflatoxin contamination protecting method
KR102114663B1 (en) 2019-05-22 2020-05-25 한국식품연구원 Novel Weissella paramesenteroies strain having inhibitory growth of aflatoxin producing strain and inhibitory effect on aflatoxin production and use of the same
KR102597372B1 (en) * 2021-02-17 2023-11-06 중앙대학교 산학협력단 Composition for antifungal and inhibiting aflatoxin production comprising strobilurin compound and flavonoid compound

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5110618B2 (en) * 2006-07-12 2012-12-26 クミアイ化学工業株式会社 Mycotoxin biosynthesis inhibitor
CL2008003422A1 (en) * 2007-11-29 2009-08-07 Bayer Cropscience Ag Procedure to reduce contamination by aflatoxins and ochratoxins that affect cereal plants, nuts, fruits and / or spices and / or plant material, through the use of one or more fungicidal compounds selected from 29 different fungicidal compounds.
EP2064952A1 (en) * 2007-11-29 2009-06-03 Bayer CropScience AG Method for reducing mycotoxin contamination in maize
HUE043158T2 (en) * 2011-04-22 2019-08-28 Bayer Cropscience Ag Active compound compositions comprising a (thio)carboxamide derivative and a fungicidal compound

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2018102172A (en) * 2016-12-26 2018-07-05 正和 志賀 Production method of dry nutmeg

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR20150007918A (en) 2015-01-21
AU2014200080A1 (en) 2015-01-29
IN2014DE00026A (en) 2015-06-05
AR096887A1 (en) 2016-02-03
WO2015005209A1 (en) 2015-01-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
KR102465155B1 (en) Bacillus thuringiensis RTI545 composition and method of use for plant growth benefit and plant pest control
JP6758296B2 (en) Microbial compositions that benefit plant growth and treat plant diseases
CN113271780B (en) Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FCC1256 composition and method for controlling plant pathogens
TW201639461A (en) Bacillus amyloliquefaciens RTI472 compositions and methods of use for benefiting plant growth and treating plant disease
JP2018502111A (en) Bacillus amyloliquefaciens RTI301 composition and methods of use to benefit plant growth and treat plant diseases
JP2018502111A5 (en) Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (BACILLUS AMYLOLIQUEFACIENS) RTI 301 composition
JP2018503626A (en) Bacillus licheniformis RTI184 composition for promoting plant growth
JP2018508470A (en) Microbial composition for use in combination with soil pesticides to benefit plant growth
TWI617244B (en) Fungicidal composition and the use thereof
WO2015135421A1 (en) Fungicidal composition
WO2015005209A1 (en) Aflatoxin production inhibitor, and aflatoxin contamination control method
CN107197872A (en) Composition pesticide and its application comprising folpet and fluorine azoles ring bacterium amine
JP2016199526A (en) Agricultural and horticultural bactericide composition
Grahovac et al. Bacillus VOCs in the context of biological control
WO2015135422A1 (en) Method for protecting plant against plant disease
CN104542585A (en) Fungicide composition and application thereof
CN106922703A (en) A kind of bactericidal composition
WO2014040572A1 (en) Insect-resistance inducing effect and use of benzothiadiazole derivative
TW201740812A (en) Bacillus amyloliquefaciens RTI301 compositions and methods of use for benefiting plant growth and treating plant disease
CN104542611A (en) Bactericidal composition containing mandipropamid
WO2017170601A1 (en) Aflatoxin production inhibitor and method for preventing aflatoxin contamination
TW201709823A (en) Bacillus licheniformis RTI184 compositions and methods of use for benefiting plant growth
TWI737609B (en) Microbial compositions and methods of use for benefiting plant growth and treating plant disease
CN104521992B (en) Containing methylsulfonyl bacterium azoles and the complex composition of dicarboximide series bactericidal agent and preparation
JP2019026616A (en) Bactericide for agricultural and horticultural use containing benzoxazinone compound as active ingredient