JP2016157564A - Power supply device for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power supply device for a vehicle in which a main battery and a sub battery are compacted in one power storage stack to reduce the number of components and promote the efficiency of wiring and a wiring space.SOLUTION: A power supply device for a vehicle includes a first power storage element group constituting a main battery for supplying power to a traveling motor of the vehicle, a second power storage element group which constitutes a sub battery for supplying power to auxiliary equipment and comprises the same power storage element as the first power storage element, and a pair of end plates for pinching the whole of plural power storage elements of the first and second power storage element groups in a predetermined direction, the respective power storage elements of the first and second power storage element groups being laminated in a predetermined direction. An integrated unit containing a DC/DC converter which is connected to a current passage of the main battery and drops an output voltage from the current passage to the sub battery, and a monitoring unit for monitoring the states of the main battery and the sub battery is formed integrally as a part of the laminate body comprising the plural power storage elements laminated in the predetermined direction and the pair of end plates.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a power supply device mounted on a vehicle.

  A hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle is equipped with a vehicle power supply device that supplies electric power to a vehicle driving motor. In addition to the power supply device that supplies electric power to the vehicle motor, an auxiliary battery that supplies electric power to the auxiliary device is mounted on the vehicle.

  The vehicle power supply device that is a main battery is provided with a monitoring unit for monitoring the state (for example, voltage) of the main battery. On the other hand, the auxiliary battery, which is a sub-battery, is monitored for voltage and the like by a sensor device of a system different from the main battery monitoring system.

JP 2012-089446 A JP 2014-175128 A JP 2014-147197 A

  Thus, conventionally, the main battery, which is a high-voltage power supply, and the sub-battery, which is a low-voltage power supply, are configured by separate power supply units and are individually monitored by separate systems, reducing the number of components and wiring and wiring space. It was difficult to improve efficiency.

  Further, the main battery and the sub-battery can be connected via the DC / DC converter, but the connection between the main battery and the DC / DC converter and the connection between the DC / DC converter and the sub-battery are individually made. Wiring and wiring space for connecting each individual power supply device to the DC / DC converter is necessary.

  Accordingly, the present invention consolidates the main battery that supplies power to the vehicle driving motor and the sub-battery that supplies power to the auxiliary machine into one power storage stack, reducing the number of parts and increasing the efficiency of wiring and wiring space. An object of the present invention is to provide a vehicular power supply device capable of achieving the above.

  A power supply device for a vehicle according to the present invention includes a first battery element group that constitutes a main battery that supplies electric power to a vehicle driving motor, and a sub battery that supplies electric power to an auxiliary machine. A second storage element group formed of the same storage elements as each other and a plurality of storage elements in which the storage elements of the first storage element group and the second storage element group are stacked in a predetermined direction are sandwiched from a predetermined direction. A pair of end plates. An integrated unit including a DC / DC converter connected to the current path of the main battery and stepping down the output voltage from the current path to the sub-battery and a monitoring unit for monitoring the states of the main battery and the sub-battery They are integrally formed as a part of a laminate composed of a plurality of power storage elements and a pair of end plates stacked in the direction.

  A power supply device for a vehicle is provided with a plurality of power storage elements including a first power storage element group of a main battery that supplies power to a vehicle driving motor and a second power storage element group of a sub battery that supplies power to an auxiliary machine. It can be configured as a power storage stack (stacked body) in which the entire power storage element is sandwiched between a pair of end plates. If the main battery and the sub-battery (auxiliary battery) are separate as in the prior art, a separate monitoring unit is required, and the efficiency of wiring and wiring space could not be improved. It is possible to monitor both the main battery and the sub-battery by simply monitoring the stack state, thereby reducing the number of parts and increasing the efficiency of wiring and wiring space.

  Furthermore, a DC / DC converter connected to the current path of the main battery and stepping down the output voltage from the current path to the sub battery and a monitoring unit for monitoring the states of the main battery and the sub battery are configured as one integrated unit. However, the integrated unit is configured to be integrally formed as a part of a laminated body including a plurality of power storage elements and a pair of end plates. For example, the integrated unit can be arranged in a storage element group arranged in a predetermined direction, and the integrated unit can be incorporated together in the stacked body. By forming the monitoring unit and the DC / DC converter as one integrated unit, the number of components connected to the power storage stack can be reduced, and the connection of the main battery, the DC / DC converter and the sub battery can be connected to one power storage stack ( In the laminate). Therefore, it is possible to improve the efficiency of wiring and wiring space for connecting the main battery and the sub battery to the DC / DC converter.

  As described above, in the vehicle power supply device of the present invention, the main battery that supplies power to the vehicle driving motor and the sub-battery that supplies power to the auxiliary machine are integrated into one power storage stack, and the monitoring unit and DC Since the DC / DC converter is formed as a unit and integrally formed as a part of the laminated body (electric storage stack), the number of components can be reduced and the efficiency of wiring and wiring space can be reduced.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the battery system mounted in a vehicle in Example 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the battery stack which comprised integrally the main unit and sub battery (auxiliary battery) in Example 1, and the integrated unit containing a monitoring unit and a DC / DC converter. It is a figure which shows an example of the battery stack which applied the integrated unit as a part of restraint member in Example 1. FIG.

  Examples of the present invention will be described below.

Example 1
With reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, a battery system including a vehicle power supply device 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the battery system in the present embodiment. Although the example of FIG. 1 shows an example applied to a hybrid vehicle, it can also be applied to an electric vehicle.

  The vehicle power supply device 10 of the present embodiment is an assembled battery having a plurality of unit cells 11 (corresponding to power storage elements). As the cell 11, a secondary battery such as a nickel metal hydride battery or a lithium ion battery can be used. An electric double layer capacitor can be used instead of the secondary battery.

  The plurality of single cells 11 constituting the vehicle power supply device 10 includes a first single cell 11 group constituting a main battery 10A for supplying electric power to a vehicle driving motor and a sub battery 10B for supplying electric power to an auxiliary machine. The battery cell is divided into the second cell group 11 to be configured, and the circuit configuration is divided for each cell group 11 within one assembled battery. In addition, each unit cell 11 in each unit cell 11 group is connected in series. Moreover, the number of the single batteries 11 which comprise each single battery 11 group can be set suitably.

  The sub-battery 10B is an auxiliary battery configured as a lower voltage power source than the main battery 10A which is a high voltage power source. The auxiliary machine is a power consuming device such as a vehicle cabin air conditioner (air conditioner inverter, motor, etc.), an AV device, a vehicle cabin lighting device, a headlight, etc. mounted on the battery system. The sub-battery 10B is a power supply device that supplies power to these auxiliary machines.

  The positive line PL is connected to the positive terminal of the main battery 10A which is a part of the vehicle power supply device 10 of the present embodiment, and the negative line NL is connected to the negative terminal. System main relays SMR-B and SMR-G are provided in the positive line PL and the negative line NL, and the main battery 10A and the load (the inverter 22 and the motor / generator MG2) are connected through on / off control of these relay devices. The connection / disconnection state is controlled.

  Main battery 10 </ b> A is connected to booster circuit 21 via positive line PL and negative line NL, and booster circuit 21 is connected to inverter 22. The inverter 22 converts the DC power output from the main battery 10A into AC power, and outputs the AC power to the motor / generator MG2. The motor generator (corresponding to the traveling motor of the present invention) MG2 receives the AC power output from the inverter 22 and generates kinetic energy (power) for running the vehicle.

  Motor generator MG2 is connected to a drive shaft connected to drive wheels 23 via transmission (transmission) TM, and the power of motor generator MG2 is transmitted to the drive shaft via transmission TM and is driven by the drive shaft. It is transmitted to the wheel 23. The power generated by the motor / generator MG2 is transmitted to the drive wheels 23 via the transmission TM, so that the vehicle travels using the power of the main battery 10A.

  The power split mechanism 24 transmits the power of the engine 25 to the drive wheels 23 or to the motor / generator MG1. The motor / generator MG <b> 1 is a generator that generates electric power by receiving power from the engine 25. The electric power (AC power) generated by the motor / generator MG1 is supplied to the motor / generator MG2 via the inverter 22 or supplied to the main battery 10A and the sub-battery 10B via the booster circuit 21.

  When the vehicle is decelerated or stopped, the motor / generator MG2 converts kinetic energy generated during braking of the vehicle into electric energy (AC power). The inverter 22 converts the AC power generated by the motor / generator MG2 into DC power, and outputs the DC power to the main battery 10A. Thereby, main battery 10A can store regenerative electric power.

  The booster circuit 21 boosts the output voltage of the main battery 10A and outputs the boosted power to the inverter 22, or steps down the output voltage of the inverter 22 and outputs the bucked power to the main battery 10A. The engine 25 is a known internal combustion engine that outputs power by burning fuel such as a gasoline engine or a diesel engine.

  DC / DC converter 40 steps down the output voltage of main battery 10A and motor / generators MG1, MG2, and outputs the reduced power to sub battery 10B. The DC / DC converter 40 of the present embodiment is connected to a current path between the main battery 10A and the booster circuit 21, and one end of the DC / DC converter 40 is connected between the system main relay SMR-B and the booster circuit 21. The other end is connected to the negative electrode line NL between the system main relay SMR-G and the booster circuit 21.

  The monitoring unit 20 detects the voltages of the main battery 10 </ b> A and the sub battery 10 </ b> B constituting the vehicle power supply device 10 and outputs the detection result to the controller 30. At this time, not only the voltage between terminals but also the voltage of each unit cell 11 included in the main battery 10A can be detected. Further, a current sensor for detecting the charge / discharge current of the main battery 10A and a temperature sensor for detecting the battery temperature can be provided. The same applies to the sub-battery 10B.

  The controller 30 calculates the SOC (state of charge) and full charge capacity of the main battery 10A based on detection values from the monitoring unit 20, a current sensor (not shown), and a temperature sensor, and manages the state of the main battery 10A. It is a control apparatus which performs charging / discharging control. Further, the controller 30 calculates the SOC and full charge capacity of the sub battery 10B based on the voltage detection value of the sub battery 10B output from the monitoring unit 20, the detection value from the current sensor (not shown), and the temperature sensor. The state of the battery 10B is managed.

  Next, the configuration of the vehicle power supply device 10 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the vehicle power supply device 10 of the present embodiment can be configured by electrically connecting a plurality of unit cells 11 arranged side by side in the X direction. A pair of end plates 12 are disposed at both ends of the plurality of unit cells 11 in the X direction. A restraining rod 13 extending in the X direction is connected to the pair of end plates 12. By fixing both ends of the restraining rod 13 to the pair of end plates 12, a restraining force can be applied to the plurality of single cells 11 constituting the vehicle power supply device 10. The restraining force is a force that sandwiches the unit cell 11 in the X direction.

  A fixing portion 12 a to which the restraining rod 13 is fixed is provided on the end surface in the vertical direction of the end plate 12. The fixing portion 12a has an insertion hole through which the constraining rod 13 is inserted, and the constraining rod 13 is fastened to the end plate 12 by fastening the constraining rod 13 inserted through the insertion hole to the fixing portion 12a with a fastening member such as a bolt. Fixed.

  As shown in FIG. 3, in this embodiment, two restraining rods 13 are arranged on the upper surface of the vehicle power supply device 10, and two restraining rods 13 are also arranged on the lower surface. Then, two fixed portions 12 a corresponding to the two restraining rods 13 disposed on the upper surface of the vehicle power supply device 10 and the two restraining rods 13 disposed on the lower surface are respectively provided on the end surfaces in the vertical direction of the pair of end plates 12. Are provided with two fixing portions 12a.

  The number of restraining rods 13, the cross-sectional shape thereof, and the number of fixing portions 12a can be set as appropriate. The cross-sectional shape of the restraining rod 13 is a shape in a cross section orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the restraining rod 13. The restraining rod 13 only needs to be able to generate a restraining force by being connected to the pair of end plates 12. Moreover, although the restraint rod 13 is arrange | positioned at the upper and lower sides of the vehicle power supply device 10, it can also be comprised so that the restraint rod 13 may be arrange | positioned at the right and left of the vehicle power supply device 10, for example.

  The unit cells 11 adjacent in the X direction are connected in series by the bus bar 14 for each unit cell group of the main battery 10A and the sub battery 10B. The bus bar 14 is a conductive member, and connects the positive terminal 11 a of one unit cell 11 and the negative terminal 11 b of the other unit cell 11. The unit cell 11 group of the main battery 10 </ b> A and the unit cell 11 group of the sub battery 10 </ b> B are not electrically connected via the bus bar 14.

  Here, in this embodiment, the monitoring unit 20 and the DC / DC converter 40 are configured as one integrated unit 50. For example, the integrated unit 50 includes a unit case having the same shape as the unit cell 11 and the end plate 12, and the monitoring unit 20 and the DC / DC converter 40 are accommodated in the unit case.

  And the integrated unit 50 is comprised so that it may be integrally formed as a part of battery stack (stacked body) comprised by the several cell 11 and a pair of end plate 12. FIG. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the integrated unit 50 is arranged in the group of unit cells 11 arranged in the X direction, and the integrated unit 50 is incorporated together in the stack.

  A plurality of single cells 11 arranged side by side in the X direction and sandwiched between a pair of end plates 12 constitute a first battery 11 group constituting the main battery 10A and a sub battery 10B across the integrated unit 50. It is divided into second unit cells 11 group. As shown by a dotted line in FIG. 2, the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the main battery 10 </ b> A are connected to the DC / DC converter 40 of the total unit 50. Further, the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the sub battery 10 </ b> B are connected to the DC / DC converter 40. Thus, the main battery 10A and the sub-battery 10B are connected to each other via the DC / DC converter 40 while being electrically connected within one battery stack (stacked body).

  The monitoring unit 20 is connected to a positive terminal and a negative terminal of the main battery 10A and each cell 11 of the first cell group 11 via a voltage detection line (not shown). The same applies to the sub-battery 10B. The voltage detection lines and the connection lines to the DC / DC converter 40 are collected and guided to the integrated unit 50. On the upper surface of the integrated unit 50, for example, an insertion portion for inserting the voltage detection line and the connection line into the unit case in which the monitoring unit 20 and the DC / DC converter 40 are accommodated can be provided.

  FIG. 3 is an example of a vehicle power supply device to which the integrated unit 50 is applied as a part of the restraining member. As shown in FIG. 3, for example, fixing portions 51 can be provided on the upper surface and the lower surface of the integrated unit 50. The fixing part 51 has the same configuration as the fixing part 12a, and the restraining rod 13 is fixed.

  By configuring the integrated unit 50 as a restraining member similar to the end plate 12, the first unit cell 11 group of the main battery 10 </ b> A is sandwiched and restrained between the right end plate 12 and the integrated unit 50 in the X direction. . In addition, the second unit cell 11 group of the sub-battery 10B is sandwiched and restrained between the left end plate 12 and the integrated unit 50 in the X direction. Then, the unit cells 11 of the main battery 10A and the sub battery 10B as a whole are sandwiched and restrained by the pair of end plates 12 in the X direction.

  The vehicle power supply device 10 of the present embodiment includes a first unit cell 11 group of a main battery 10A that supplies power to a vehicle driving motor and a second unit cell group 11 of a sub battery 10B that supplies power to an auxiliary machine. Are arranged in the X direction and stacked, and a single battery 11 is sandwiched between a pair of end plates 12 to form a battery stack (stacked body). For this reason, it is possible to monitor both the main battery 10A and the sub-battery 10B in a lump by simply monitoring the state of the single vehicle power supply device 10, thereby reducing the number of parts and increasing the efficiency of wiring and wiring space. be able to.

  Furthermore, the DC / DC converter 40 that steps down the output voltage from the current path of the main battery 10A to the sub battery 10B and the monitoring unit 20 that collectively monitors both the main battery 10A and the sub battery 10B are integrated into one. The unit 50 is configured so that the integrated unit 50 is integrally formed as a part of a battery stack including a plurality of single cells 11 and a pair of end plates 12. By forming the monitoring unit 20 and the DC / DC converter 40 as one integrated unit, the number of components connected to the vehicle power supply device 10 can be reduced, and the main battery 10A, the DC / DC converter 40, and the sub battery 10B can be reduced. The connection can be made in one battery stack (stack). Therefore, the efficiency of wiring and wiring space for connecting the main battery 10A and the sub battery 10B to the DC / DC converter 40 can be improved.

  Thus, in the vehicle power supply device 10, the main battery 10 </ b> A that supplies electric power to the vehicle driving motor and the sub-battery 10 </ b> B that supplies electric power to the auxiliary machine are integrated as one battery stack, and the monitoring unit 20 and Since the DC / DC converter 40 is formed as one unit and integrally formed as a part of the laminated body (storage stack), the number of parts can be reduced and the efficiency of wiring and wiring space can be achieved.

  Further, the connection line between the DC / DC converter 40 and the main battery 10A and the connection line between the DC / DC converter 40 and the sub battery 10B can be shortened as compared with the conventional case. For this reason, wiring resistance can be reduced and power loss can be suppressed.

  In the plurality of unit cells 11 constituting the vehicle power supply device 10, a spacer can be provided between the adjacent unit cells 11. The spacer forms a cooling space in which air for adjusting the temperature of the vehicle power supply device 10 (for example, cooling air) flows. At this time, the temperature adjustment structure may be partitioned and formed by the main battery 10A and the sub battery 10B configured as one battery stack. In this case, for example, even in one battery stack, the supply amount of the cooling air sent to the main battery 10A can be increased compared to the supply amount to the sub battery 10B.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10: Power supply device for vehicles, 10A: Main battery, 10B: Sub battery, 11: Single cell, 11a: Positive electrode terminal, 11b: Negative electrode terminal, 12: End plate, 12a: Fixing part, 13: Restraint rod, 14: Bus bar , 20: monitoring unit, 21: booster circuit, 22: inverter, 23: drive wheel, 24: power split mechanism, 25: engine, 30: controller, 40: DC / DC converter, 50: integrated unit, PL: positive line , NL: negative electrode line, SMR-B, SMR-G: system main relay

Claims (1)

A first battery element group constituting a main battery for supplying electric power to a vehicle running motor;
Configuring a sub-battery for supplying power to the auxiliary machine, and a second power storage element group formed of the same power storage elements as the first power storage element group;
A pair of end plates for sandwiching, from the predetermined direction, a plurality of power storage elements in which the respective power storage elements of the first power storage element group and the second power storage element group are stacked in a predetermined direction;
An integrated unit that is connected to the current path of the main battery and includes a DC / DC converter that steps down the output voltage from the current path to the sub-battery, and a monitoring unit that monitors the state of the main battery and the sub-battery; A vehicular power supply device that is integrally formed as a part of a laminated body constituted by the plurality of power storage elements and the pair of end plates stacked in the predetermined direction.

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