JP2016156195A - Unloading and assembly device for assembly-type building unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enhance work efficiency of processes from unloading to connection (assembly), by providing an unloading device with an assembly function for assembly with other units, the unloading device receiving a floor unit of an assembly-type building unit manufactured in a factory and carried into a construction site, when the floor unit is unloaded from a trailer.SOLUTION: An unloading and assembly device 1 comprises rails 2, 2 laid parallel to each other directly or indirectly on a ground, leaving a distance greater than a width dimension of a floor unit 10 constituting an assembly-type building, and a plurality of support posts 3, 3 erected on each of the parallel rails 2 to face each other in the direction of the rails 2, 2 laid parallel to each other. The support posts 3, 3 on each rail 2 are installed adjacently leaving a distance in a lengthwise direction of the rail 2, so that each support post 3 facing each other in the direction of the rails 2, 2 laid parallel to each other supports an arm 4 that receives the floor unit 10.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  In the present invention, an unloading apparatus for unloading a floor unit for an assembly-type building manufactured in a factory and carried on site has a function used for assembling another unit in combination with another unit. The present invention relates to an unloading and assembling apparatus for an assembly-type building unit.

  In the method of building a building by assembling a plurality of units made of frame components such as columns and beams manufactured at the factory, a trailer is used to carry the manufactured units to the site. Therefore, since the width dimension of the unit is limited to the width of the trailer bed, the building is completed by combining the units having the limited width dimension in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction (see Patent Document 1).

JP-A-10-131297 (Claim 1, paragraphs 0013 to 0024, FIGS. 1 to 4)

  In Patent Document 1, a unit carried on site is temporarily moved from a trailer loading platform to a receiving device by slide, unloaded, and then moved by sliding to an assembly device installed adjacent to one side in the width direction of the receiving device. In the assembling apparatus, a plurality of units are connected (assembled).

  In this example, since the receiving device and the assembling device are not slidable in the length direction of the trailer, the unit on the trailer cannot be directly unloaded and moved to the assembling device. Therefore, in order to connect multiple units in the assembly device, it is necessary to go through the receiving device once from the trailer, and it is necessary to slide the unit on the trailer twice. It is difficult to increase the work efficiency until connection (assembly).

  From the above background, the present invention has the function of unloading the floor unit from the trailer and the function of assembling another unit using the floor unit, and can improve the work efficiency from unloading to connection (assembly). The apparatus which proposes is proposed.

  The unloading and assembling apparatus for an assembly type building unit according to the first aspect of the present invention is assembled in advance, and is directly or indirectly on the ground at a distance larger than the width dimension of the floor unit constituting the assembly type building. A rail that is laid in parallel and a plurality of pillars that are erected on each of the parallel rails and that face each other in the direction in which the rails are parallel to each other. An arm that receives the floor unit is supported by the columns that are adjacent to each other at a distance in the direction and that are opposed to each other in the direction in which the rails are arranged in parallel.

  The parallel rails 2 and 2 are laid at a distance larger than the width dimension of the floor unit 10 loaded on the trailer 12 in order to allow the trailer 12 to enter between the rails 2 and 2 as shown in FIG. The The rail 2 may be laid directly on the ground, or may be laid on a floor slab or the like laid on the ground to prevent subsidence or the like when the rail 2 is laid and to ensure stability. . The rails 2 and 2 are basically laid with their axes horizontal.

  The support columns 3 are erected on the parallel rails 2 so as to face each other in the parallel direction of the rails 2 and 2, and are arranged in parallel by being adjacent to each other at a distance in the length direction of the rails 2. At least four of them are erected on the rails 2 and 2. “Opposing struts 3, 3” refers to the two struts 3, 3 facing in the direction in which the rails 2, 2 are arranged in parallel.

  Since at least four columns 3 are paired in the direction in which the rails 2 and 2 are arranged in parallel, the number of all columns 3 is an even number of four or more. The support columns 3 and 3 facing in the parallel direction of the rails 2 and 2 may be connected to each other by a beam 5 (Claim 6), and the support columns 3 and 3 adjacent to each other in the length direction of the rail 2 are connected to each other by a girder or the like. However, in the state where all the columns 3 support the floor unit 10, the opposite columns 3 and 3 and the adjacent columns 3 and 3 are connected to each other via the floor unit 10, so that they are not necessarily opposed. It is not necessary for the supporting columns 3 and 3 to be adjacent to each other and the adjacent supporting columns 3 and 3 to be connected.

  However, when the beam 5 is installed between the tops of the columns 3 and 3 facing in the parallel direction of the rails 2 and 2, the stability of the columns 3 and 3 in a state where the columns 3 and 3 support the floor unit 10. There is an advantage that increases The construction of the beam 5 between the opposing columns 3 and 3 also means that the crane 6 for moving the floor unit 10 or a member of the unit combined with the floor unit 10 is supported as described later ( 6), the beam 5 is installed and joined between the tops of the columns 3 and 3 facing in the parallel direction of the rails 2 and 2, so that the displacement of the tops of the columns 3 and 3 is constrained. Therefore, the floor unit 10 can be moved up and down along the columns 3 and 3 while the floor unit 10 is supported.

  “The arm that receives the floor unit is supported on each support column facing in the parallel direction of the rail” means that the arm 4 is supported on each support column 3 that faces the parallel direction of the rails 2 and 2 and is paired. Since the columns 3 and 3 are adjacent to each other in the length direction of the rail 2, the arms 4 are supported by all the columns 3. Since there are four or more struts 3 constituting the unloading and assembling apparatus 1 and all the struts 3 have the arms 4, the floor unit 10 carried into the site is attached to the plurality of all struts 3 in the arms 4. Supported.

  The floor unit 10 is pre-assembled from, for example, a pillar member 10a disposed at four corner positions on a plane and a floor member 10b supported by the pillar member 10a, and in this state, the floor unit 10 is mounted on the loading platform of the trailer 12 as shown in FIG. Although it is placed and carried into the site, the column 3 of the trailer 12 is installed by the support column 3 being erected on the rails 2 arranged in parallel at a distance larger than the width dimension of the floor unit 10 at the site. As long as the width of the trailer 12 is equal to or less than the width of the floor unit 10, it is possible to allow the loading platform of the trailer 12 to enter between the rails 2, 2 in parallel, that is, between the opposite struts 3, 3.

  From the state in which the loading platform of the trailer 12 is entered between the opposing columns 3 and 3, the floor unit 10 on the trailer 12 is transferred onto the arm 4 of all the columns 3 and supported by all the columns 3 as shown in FIG. By doing so, the unloading of the floor unit 10 from the trailer 12 is completed. When the unloading of the floor unit 10 from the loading platform of the trailer 12 to all the columns 3 is completed, the unloaded trailer 12 can be withdrawn (removed) from between the opposing columns 3 and 3.

  The unloading of the floor unit 10 from the trailer 12 to all the columns 3 is performed by, for example, a crane 15 installed separately from the unloading and assembling apparatus 1 or a later-described crane 6 attached to the unloading and assembling apparatus 1 (claim 6). ). However, when the bottom of the floor unit 10 is above the upper surface of the arm 4 when the loading platform of the trailer 12 enters between the opposing columns 3 and 3, the arm 4 moves up and down in the axial direction of the column 3. When it is supported freely (Claim 5), the floor unit 10 on the trailer 12 can be supported by the arm 4 only by raising the arm 4.

  After the unloading of the floor unit 10 to all the columns 3 is completed, the floor unit 10 and other units on all the columns 3, for example, members and parts such as the column member 11 a of the column unit 11 combined with the floor unit 10 The other unit 16 is assembled by joining (combination). The separate unit 16 is a unit of suspension to the building construction position by the crane 15 different from the unloading and assembling apparatus 1.

  Here, in the unloading and assembling apparatus 1, the floor unit 10 is unloaded and the unloaded floor unit 10 and the joining of the other unit (column unit 11) are performed in parallel. The unloading area A for unloading 10 and the assembling area B for combining the floor unit 10 with other members or the like need to be divided, and the floor unit 10 unloaded in the unloading area A as shown in FIG. It is necessary to move to the assembly area B. On the other hand, since the unloading area A becomes empty after the floor unit 10 unloaded in the unloading area A is moved to the assembly area B, the work in each of the areas A and B is made parallel to improve work efficiency. 7 to 9, the unloaded trailer 12 is withdrawn, and the trailer 12 loaded with the next floor unit 10 is moved between the opposite columns 3 and 3.

  The method of moving the floor unit 10 unloaded in the unloading area A to the assembling area B is a method of reciprocating all the columns 3 along the rails 2 and 2 as shown in FIGS. ) And a method of raising and lowering all the struts 3 while keeping them at the unloading position as shown in FIGS. 11 to 14 (Claim 3). In the former case, all the columns 3 are erected so as to be movable along the rails 2, and in the latter case, all the columns 3 have a structure that can expand and contract in the axial direction. While all the columns 3 are extendable, they may be erected so as to be movable along the rails 2 (Claim 3).

  When the column 3 is movable along the rail 2 in the length direction of the rail 2, all the columns 3 supporting the floor unit 10 can be moved along the rail 2 at the same time. Even in the position (unloading area A), the floor unit 10 unloaded from the trailer 12 is moved to the floor unit 10 at the position (assembly area B) where the floor unit 10 is moved together with the column 3 in the direction to be detached from the trailer 12. It is possible to move to the operation of assembling another unit 16 by combining other units. All the columns 3 entrusted with the floor unit 10 from the trailer 12 move at least in the length direction of the rail 2 in order to allow the next trailer 12 to enter while moving from the unloading area A to the assembly area B. Is moved in a direction away from the trailer 12 by the distance between the columns 3 and 3 adjacent to.

  When the column 3 is extendable in the axial direction, all the columns 3 supporting the floor unit 10 can be extended at the same time. Therefore, even if the trailer 12 is held at the loading position (unloading area A), the trailer It is possible to move to the operation of assembling another unit 16 by combining another unit with the floor unit 10 at the position (assembly region B) where the floor unit 10 deposited from 12 is raised together with the extending column 3. All the pillars 3 entrusted with the floor unit 10 from the trailer 12 allow the next trailer 12 to enter under the floor unit 10 while raising the floor unit 10 from the unloading area A to the assembly area B. Therefore, it extends at least the height of the floor unit 10. When all the columns 3 are extended, the arm 4 can be raised along with the extension of the column 3 while supporting the floor unit 10, so that the arm 4 does not necessarily have to be raised with respect to the column 3.

  For example, as shown in FIGS. 11 to 14, the column 3 can be expanded and contracted in the axial direction by causing a plurality of main column members 31 and 32 to be adjacent to each other in parallel in the width direction or the thickness direction. The column supporting member 31 on one side in the width direction or the like is fixed to the rail 2, and the other column forming member 32 is axially oriented with respect to the column supporting member 32 adjacent to the fixed column forming member 31. It becomes possible by connecting to slidably. In addition, a plurality of support members 31 and 32 are combined in a multi-tubular shape, the support member 31 which is the outermost tube is fixed to the rail 2, and the support member 32 which is a tube on the inner periphery side is fixed. This can also be achieved by slidably connecting to adjacent tubes. In these cases, a roller, a slider with a roller, or a rail with a roller for relatively moving the adjacent column constituting members 31 and 32 in the axial direction is interposed between the adjacent column constituting members 31 and 32.

  In the method of reciprocating all the struts 3, by moving all the struts 3 supporting the unloaded floor unit 10 along the rails 2 as shown in FIGS. A space in which the trailer 12 loaded with the next floor unit 10 can enter the unloading area A where the floor unit 10 is unloaded from the trailer 12 can be secured. The area where all the struts 3 have moved in the direction away from the trailer 12 is the above-described assembly area B for combining other units with the moved floor unit 10, and in this assembly area B, the floor unit 10 and other units Work such as joining is performed. The trailer 12 that has been unloaded is withdrawn before or after the movement of all the columns 3 to the assembly region B.

  In the method of raising and lowering all the columns 3, the unloaded floor unit 10 is supported by the arms 4 of all the columns 3 as shown in FIGS. The other floor unit or a part thereof is combined on the floor unit 10 as it is, and all the pillars 3 are extended, so that the next floor unit is placed under the floor unit 10 that has risen as the pillars 3 extend. The unloading area A as a space for the trailer 12 loaded with 10 to enter can be secured. In this method, the space on the floor unit 10 that rises as the column 3 extends is the assembly region B. On the raised floor unit 10, as shown in FIG. 14, preparation for suspending another unit 16 assembled by combining other units into the building is performed.

  In any method, the loading platform of the trailer 12 is made to enter between the support columns 3 and 3 facing the parallel direction of the rails 2 and 2, the floor unit 10 on the loading platform is supported by all the supporting columns 3, and then the trailer 12 is moved out. Then, using all the struts 3 that support the floor unit 10, unloading the floor unit 10 from the trailer 12 and assembling another unit 16 by combining the floor unit 10 and other units are performed. It becomes possible to do. Therefore, in the present invention, the receiving device in Patent Document 1 is not necessary, and the working time required from unloading to assembly is reduced and the working efficiency is improved as compared with the case of passing through the receiving device.

  When the arm 4 is positioned below the bottom surface of the floor unit 10 on the trailer 12 that has entered between the columns 3 and 3, the floor unit 10 moves to the arm 4 when the trailer 12 enters between the opposite columns 3 and 3. If the floor unit 10 may collide with the arm 4 of the column 3 when the trailer 12 enters, the arm 4 has an axis parallel to the axis of the column 3 as shown in FIG. Is supported by the column 3 so as to be rotatable around an axis parallel to the axis of the rail 2 (Claim 4).

  “Axis parallel to the axis of the column 3” is a vertical axis when the column 3 is erected vertically, and “Axis parallel to the axis of the rail 2” is when the rail 2 is laid horizontally. A horizontal axis parallel to the rail 2. "Rotating" can be said to be foldable. Even if it is rotatable around any axis, the bottom of the floor unit 10 loaded on the trailer 12 can be switched between a state in which the arm 4 protrudes toward the opposite support column 3 and a retracted state in which the arm 4 does not protrude. There is an advantage that the collision between the floor unit 10 and the arm 4 can be avoided when the trailer 12 enters regardless of the level, that is, the shape, height, or thickness of the floor unit 10. The arm 4 is rotatably supported by the support column 3 by being directly or indirectly connected to the support column 3 via, for example, a hinge or a rotation shaft, and in use, for example, a stopper is provided on the bottom surface or side surface of the arm 4. By being interposed, the state of projecting toward the opposite support column 3 side is maintained.

  In the state where the floor unit 10 is supported by the arm 4, when the floor unit 10 is to be raised and lowered along the column 3, the arm 4 is supported so as to be movable up and down in the axial direction of the column 3 (claim 5). The fact that the arm 4 is movable up and down means that the arm 4 can move up and down while supporting the floor unit 10, so that the arm 4 of all the columns 3 itself supports the floor unit 10 on the trailer 12 and the floor unit 10 is moved. The trailer 12 has the ability to be lifted and removed from the loading platform. The arm 4 can be moved up and down along the column 3 by, for example, a wire circulated between pulleys pivotally supported in the column 3 or outside the column 3, or a slider disposed so as to be movable up and down. This is possible by connecting the arm 4 or by connecting a jack that takes a reaction force to the support column 3 to the arm 4.

  The unloading operation for supporting the floor unit 10 placed on the loading platform of the trailer 12 on the arms 4 of all the columns 3 is performed by placing the trailer 12 between the parallel rails 2 and 2 (opposed columns 3 and 3) on the loading platform side. 6 and 11, the arm 4 is arranged below the bottom surface of the floor unit 10, and it can be moved up and down using any of the cranes 6 and 15 described above (Claim 5). ) Is lifted with respect to the column 3 and the floor unit 10 is supported by the arm 4 and then the trailer 12 is withdrawn. If the arm 4 is not movable up and down, the crane 6 (Claim 6) attached to the unloading and assembling apparatus 1 or the crane (lifter) 15 arranged separately from the unloading and assembling apparatus 1 is used. The upper floor unit 10 is once lifted, and after the trailer 12 exits, the floor unit 10 is lowered onto the arm 4 to perform unloading work.

  The floor unit 10 supported by the arm 4 is combined with, for example, a column member 11a constituting another unit (column unit 11) as shown in FIGS. If it is not necessary to use a crane 15 other than the unloading and assembling apparatus 1 for handling the moving and raising of the column member 11a, etc., the beam 5 is installed between the tops of the opposite columns 3 and 3 The beam 5 may be supported by a crane 6 capable of supporting at least a member combined with the floor unit 10 (claim 6).

  Although the floor unit 10 is basically composed of a pillar member 10a and a floor member 10b, only the pillar member 11a constituting the unit of the adjacent floor may be combined with the floor unit 10 or only the floor member may be combined. “A member that can be combined with at least the floor unit 10” means a column member 11a that constitutes a unit (column unit 11) that is combined with at least the floor unit 10, or a floor member, or a part thereof, or is attached to the floor unit 10. It refers to members and parts, and may include the floor unit 10.

  The crane 6 supported by the beam 5 between the columns 3 and 3 is mainly another unit such as the column unit 11 mounted on the floor unit 10 supported by the arm 4 as described above, or one of them. Since the members and parts such as the pillar member 11a constituting the part are used for the purpose of moving or standing on the floor unit 10, the degree of freedom of movement within the area of the floor unit 10 is high. desired. In order to satisfy this degree of freedom, the crane 6 can be supported by a guide 7 supported by a beam 5 so as to be rotatable about an axis parallel to the axis of the column 3 so as to be movable in the length direction of the guide 7. Appropriate (Claim 7). In this case, if the guide 7 is movable in the axial direction of the beam 5 as shown in FIG. 4, the moving range of the crane 6 is expanded, so that the handling ability of the crane 6 with respect to the column unit 11 and the like is improved.

  In this case, the crane 6 is supported so as to be movable in the length direction of the guide 7 by a guide 7 which is movable in the axial direction of the beam 5 and is rotatably supported around an axis parallel to the axis of the column 3. In this way, the crane 6 covers members and the like that exist in a region in which a circle having a radius that is half the total length of the guide 7 is centered on any point on the axis of the beam 5 on the plane. . A region in which a circle is drawn from the axis of the beam 5 is formed by positioning the center of the guide 7 on the axis of the beam 5 and translating the guide 7 in a state where the axis of the guide 7 is orthogonal to the axis of the beam 5. It becomes the shape which added the semicircle to the end of the band shape.

  As described above, when the floor unit 10 is supported by the arms 4 of all the columns 3 and at least a part of the column members 11a and the like of other units are combined, for example, the column members are placed on the floor unit 10 on the arms 4. The operation | work which erects members, such as 11a, positions, and joins to the floor unit 10 is needed. At this time, in order to accurately and efficiently position the column member 11a in the two horizontal directions, a horizontal inking unit 8 for irradiating at least one of the supporting columns 3 and 3 with a laser beam is installed. In addition, it is effective to install a vertical marking device 9 for irradiating the beam 5 with a laser beam (claim 8). The horizontal inking unit 8 is installed on, for example, the opposite side surfaces of the supporting columns 3 and 3 or other side surfaces, and the vertical inking unit 9 is installed on the lower surface or side surface of the beam 5, for example. With the installation of the horizontal marking device 8 and the vertical marking device 9, signs that reflect the laser beam are provided on the side surfaces and the upper surface of the columns 3 and 3 in the opposite direction of the column member 11 a and the like to be irradiated with the laser beam. Affixed.

  In this case, the horizontal marking device is used to determine whether the member is positioned on the line in the direction in which the columns 3 and 3 face each other, that is, whether the member is not displaced in the length direction of the rail 2 (Y direction in FIG. 1). 8 is performed, the position of the part on the line in the direction in which the columns 3 and 3 are opposed, that is, whether the member is shifted to either side of the direction in which the columns 3 and 3 are opposed (FIG. 1). The vertical marking device 9 performs positioning in the X direction. Since the horizontal marking device 8 and the vertical marking device 9 position the members in two horizontal directions, the member placement operation by the crane 6 or another crane 15 attached to the unloading and assembling apparatus 1 can be efficiently performed. Therefore, the assembly work efficiency of the floor unit 10 and another unit 16 composed of other units is improved.

  There are rails laid on the ground at a distance larger than the width dimension of the pre-assembled floor unit, and a plurality of pillars erected on each rail, and the floor is placed on each pillar facing the parallel direction of the rails. Since the arm that receives the unit is supported, all the struts that support the floor unit are used by leaving the trailer after leaving the floor unit on the platform of the trailer that has entered between the opposing struts supported by all the struts Thus, unloading of the floor unit from the trailer and assembly of another unit can be performed. Therefore, by using only the unloading and assembling apparatus, it is possible to shorten the work time required from unloading the floor unit to assembling another unit and improve the work efficiency.

It is the perspective view which showed the structural example of the unloading and assembly apparatus used with the method of supporting and moving the floor unit by which all the support | pillars were unloaded by reciprocating all the support | pillars along a rail. It is the perspective view which showed the example of a structure of the unloading and assembly apparatus used by the method of supporting and moving the floor unit by which all the support | pillars were unloaded by extending all the support | pillars. It is the perspective view which showed a mode that the arm was movable up and down along a support | pillar, and was supported so that it could rotate around a horizontal axis or a vertical axis. It is the perspective view which showed a mode that the crane was movable to the axial direction of a beam, and was supported so that it could rotate around a vertical axis. It is the perspective view which showed a mode that the roof and outer wall for protecting the floor unit unloaded from the trailer from a wind and rain were supported by the support | pillar. Unloading from the trailer of the floor unit in the unloading area by the column of the unloading and assembling equipment used in a method in which all the struts reciprocate along the rail to support and move the floor unit. It is the perspective view which showed the mode. It is the perspective view which showed a mode that the floor unit was supported by the arm of all the support | pillars as the next process of FIG. 6, and the trailer was withdrawn. It is the perspective view which showed a mode that all the support | pillars were moved to the assembly area as the next process of FIG. It is the perspective view which showed a mode that the trailer which loaded the next floor unit approached the unloading area | region between rails as the next process of FIG. As the next step in FIG. 9, all the columns are moved to both sides of the next floor unit in the unloading area, and another unit assembled from the floor unit installed in the assembling area is separated from the unloading and assembling apparatus. It is the perspective view which showed a mode that it lifted with the crane. In the perspective view which showed the state of unloading from the trailer of the floor unit in the unloading area by the column of the unloading and assembling equipment used in the method of extending all the columns and receiving the next floor unit by all columns is there. It is the perspective view which showed a mode that the floor unit was supported by the arm of all the support | pillars as the next process of FIG. 11, and the trailer was withdrawn. It is the perspective view which showed a mode that the support | pillar was extended and the floor unit was raised as the next process of FIG. FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a state where a trailer loaded with the next floor unit enters under the raised floor unit as the next step of FIG. 13 and lifts another unit assembled from the raised floor unit with a crane. is there.

  FIGS. 1 and 2 are pre-assembled, and are placed on the parallel rails 2 and 2 laid on the ground at a distance larger than the width dimension of the floor unit 10 constituting the assembly type building. A configuration example of an unloading and assembling apparatus 1 including a plurality of support columns 3 and 3 that are provided and face each other in the direction in which rails 2 and 2 are arranged in parallel is shown. The floor unit 10 includes, for example, pillar members 10a arranged at least at four corner positions on a plane and a floor member 10b supported by the pillar member 10a. FIG. 1 shows an unloading and assembling apparatus 1 of the type used especially when unloading and moving a floor unit 10 by reciprocating struts 3 and 3 along rails 2 and 2. FIG. 2 shows an unloading and assembling apparatus 1 of the type used when unloading and moving the floor unit 10 by extending the columns 3 and 3.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the floor unit 10 has at least four column members 10a and a floor member 10b having an area straddling all the column members 10a as basic constituent elements. It is preassembled in the factory by supporting and bonding 10b. At the site, for example, an assembly type building is configured by being stacked on the site of the building while being combined with the floor unit 10 having the same form or in a state combined with the column unit 11 including only the column member 11a.

  Since the columns 3 and 3 are erected on the rails 2, the columns 2 and 2 are opposed to each other in the parallel direction, and a plurality of columns 3 and 3 are connected to the floor unit 10 in the length direction of the rails 2. Adjacent to each other with a supportable distance. Since it is reasonable to support the floor units 10 at the four corner positions of the floor unit 10, the columns 3 and 3 adjacent to the length direction of the rail 2 correspond to the length dimension of the floor unit 10. Arrange them at a distance.

  The rails 2 and 2 are directly on the ground with a distance larger than the width of the floor unit 10 so that the trailer 12 loaded with the floor unit 10 can enter between the rails 2 and 2 in the length direction of the rail 2, or Indirectly laid. As shown in FIG. 1, when the columns 3 and 3 reciprocate on the rail 2, the rail 2 is more than twice the distance between two adjacent columns 3 and 3 with a distance in the length direction of the rail 2. Have a length. As shown in FIG. 2, when the columns 3 and 3 do not need to move on the rail 2 and can be expanded and contracted in the axial direction, the column 2 is not necessarily between the two columns 3 and 3 adjacent to each other in the length direction of the rail 2. It is not necessary to have a length more than twice the distance, and it is sufficient to have at least a length corresponding to the distance between the two columns 3 adjacent to each other in the length direction of the rail 2.

  When the column 3 is movable on the rail 2, a wheel 3a that rolls along the rail 2 is pivotally supported at the lower end of the column 3 as shown in FIG. The wheels 3 a are arranged on both sides of the rail 2 in the width direction so as to sandwich the rail 2 and at the same time in parallel with the length direction of the rail 2 in order to ensure stability in the standing state of the column 3. The shaft 3 is horizontally supported by a bracket 3b or the like fixed to the lower end of the column 3.

  The arm 4 that receives the floor unit 10 is supported by each of the opposing struts 3. The arm 4 is shown in FIG. 3 in order to give the strut 3 the function of unloading the floor unit 10 on the loading platform of the trailer 12. Thus, the column 3 is supported so as to be movable up and down in the axial direction. For example, the arm 4 has a roller pivotally supported on the support column 3 side of the arm 4, and a roller is brought into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the support column 3 so as to be able to roll freely. Is supported by the column 3 so as to be movable up and down.

  If the floor unit 10 may collide with or come into contact with the arm 4 when unloading the floor unit 10 on the trailer 12, the arm 4 moves around the axis parallel to the axis of the column 3 or the rail 2. It is supported by the support column 3 directly or indirectly so as to be freely rotatable by a hinge or a rotating shaft around an axis parallel to the axis. The axis of the support column 3 is a substantially vertical axis, and the axis parallel to the axis of the rail 2 is a substantially horizontal axis.

  In FIG. 3, a connection portion 41 a having a piece parallel to the side surface of the column 3 along the groove 3 c formed in the axial direction on the side surface of the column 3 facing the column 3, and a piece parallel to the axis of the arm 4. An L-shaped bracket 41 composed of the receiving portion 41b is supported so as to be movable up and down. Further, a rotating shaft 41c serving as a vertical axis is connected to the receiving portion 41b of the bracket 41, and the arm 4 is rotatably connected to the support column 3 indirectly by connecting the arm 4 to the rotating shaft 41c. . Further, the arm 4 is connected to the rotating shaft 41c so as to be movable (slidable) in the axial direction of the arm 4, so that the length of the protrusion from the bracket 41 toward the opposing column 3 can be adjusted. .

  FIG. 4 shows a case where a beam 5 is installed between the tops of the opposite columns 3 and 3 and a crane 6 capable of supporting, for example, a column member 11a of the column unit 11 combined with at least the floor unit 10 is supported on the beam 5. An example is shown. Here, the crane is movably movable in the axial direction of the beam 5, in particular, in a guide 7 that is supported (supported) rotatably around an axis parallel to the axis of the column 3. 6 is supported.

  The guide 7 is movable in the axial direction of the beam 5, and the crane 6 is movable in the length direction of the guide 7, and at the same time, is supported rotatably around an axis parallel to the axis of the column 3, The crane 6 can handle a member in a belt-like region formed by translating the guide 7 in a state where the center of the guide 7 is positioned on the axis of the beam 5 and the axis of the guide 7 is orthogonal to the axis of the beam 5. It becomes possible.

  In FIG. 5, a roof 13 is installed between the beams 5 and 5 adjacent to each other in the axial direction of the rail 2 to protect the floor unit 10 supported by the columns 3 and 3 from wind and rain, and the column adjacent to the rail 2 in the axial direction. A state in which the outer wall 14 is installed between three and three is shown. It is appropriate that the roof 13 and the outer wall 14 can be freely opened and closed according to changes in weather. It can be opened and closed by forming the roof 13 and the outer wall 14 in a bellows shape or by being foldable.

  As shown in FIG. 1, among the opposing struts 3 and 3, at least one of the struts 3 facing the side, a side in a direction perpendicular to the strut 3, or the vicinity thereof, etc. A horizontal inking device 8 for irradiating a laser beam onto the members (column members 11a) constituting the unit (column unit 11) and the side surfaces of the components is installed. Similarly, a vertical marking device 9 for irradiating a laser beam on the upper surface of the same member or the like is installed on the lower surface of the beam 5, the side surface in the direction orthogonal thereto, or the vicinity thereof. In FIG. 1, when the column member 11 a constituting the column unit 11 is installed at a position continuous to each column member 10 a constituting the floor unit 10, each of the opposing columns is opposed for the purpose of facilitating the positioning of each column member 11 a. A horizontal inking unit 8 is installed on the three opposing surfaces.

  Corresponding to the installation of the horizontal inking unit 8 and the vertical inking unit 9, the side (upper side) and the upper side of the member (column member 11a) installed on the floor unit 10 in the direction in which the columns 3 and 3 face each other are illustrated. However, signs for reflecting the laser beams emitted from the horizontal marking device 8 and the vertical marking device 9 are attached. The laser beam from the horizontal marking device 8 is reflected by the sign on the side surface of the member, so that the member is positioned in the length direction (Y direction) of the rail 2, and the laser beam from the vertical marking device 9 is positioned on the upper surface of the member. The member is positioned in the direction (X direction) in which the columns 3 and 3 are opposed to each other.

  FIGS. 6 to 10 show that the floor unit 10 by the column 3 of the unloading and assembling apparatus 1 used in a method in which all the columns 3 are reciprocated along the rails 2 and the all columns 3 support and move the floor unit 10. An example of an operation procedure from unloading to lifting a separate unit 16 assembled using the floor unit 10 installed on the ground with a crane 15 different from the unloading and assembling apparatus 1 will be described. All the columns 3 indicate parts other than the rails 2 and 2 in the unloading and assembling apparatus 1. In this example, an unloading area A in which all the struts 3 receive the floor unit 10 on the trailer 12, and an assembly area B for assembling another unit 16 by combining another unit (post unit 11) with the received floor unit 10. In order to reciprocate between the rails 2, the rail 2 has a length that is at least twice as long as the distance between the columns 3 and 3 adjacent in the length direction.

  FIG. 6 shows that a trailer 12 loaded with a floor unit 10 is entered between the parallel rails 2 and 2 in the unloading area A, and the position of the trailer 12 in the entry direction is adjusted to adjust the position of the arm 4 of each column 3 to the floor. The mode that the position of the length direction of the unit 10 was match | combined is shown. At this time, the bottom surface of the floor unit 10 is located above the upper surface of the arm 4. In FIG. 6, when the trailer 12 enters, the column member 11a of the column unit 11 consisting only of the column member 11a continuous with the column member 10a of the floor unit 10 is placed on the floor unit 10 in a state where it is laid down.

  After adjusting the position of the floor unit 10, the arm 4 that can be moved up and down in the axial direction of the column 3 is raised and the bottom surface of the floor unit 10 is brought into contact with the upper surface of the arm 4, as shown in FIG. 4, the floor unit 10 is supported, and the trailer 12 is withdrawn.

  After that, as shown in FIG. 8, all the columns 3 are moved to the assembly area B so that the trailer 12 loaded with a new floor unit 10 can be accepted, and the floor units supported by all the columns 3 in the assembly area B The column member 11a of the column unit 11 placed on the column 10 is positioned in two directions using the horizontal marking device 8 and the vertical marking device 9, and is raised using the crane 6 supported by the beam 5. Then, the column member 11a is joined to the floor unit 10 and another unit 16 is assembled as a unit to be hung at the building construction location.

  After the work shown in FIG. 8 or in parallel with the work, the trailer 12 loaded with a new floor unit 10 is entered into the unloading area A as shown in FIG. 9, while another unit 16 is installed as shown in FIG. After descending from all the struts 3 to the ground of the assembly area B, all the struts 3 are moved to the unloading area A. In parallel with this work, the frame 17 suspended and supported by the crane 15 installed around the unloading and assembling apparatus 1 in the assembly area B separately from the unloading and assembling apparatus 1 is shown in FIGS. 9 is connected to another unit 16 assembled in 9 and the other unit 16 is hung to the construction site. Thereafter, the operations of FIGS. 6 to 10 are repeated.

  11 to 14 show that the next floor unit is unloaded from the floor unit 10 by the column 3 of the unloading and assembling apparatus 1 used in a method in which all the columns 3 are extended and the all columns 3 receive the next floor unit 10. An example of the work procedure up to the entry of the trailer 12 loaded with 10 is shown.

  In this example, all the struts 3 do not move along the rails 2 but extend and contract while staying at the same position, so that the arms 4 of all the struts 3 support the floor unit 10 and are unloaded on the same plane. In order to reciprocate between the area A and the assembly area B, all the struts 3 and the floor unit 10 and the pillars when the pillar members 11a of one pair of pillar units 11 are supported on at least one floor unit 10, for example. It has a length more than twice the height of the unit 11 combined. The unloading area A is a space on all the arms 4 when all the columns 3 are contracted, and the assembly area B is a space on all the arms 4 when all the columns 3 are extended.

  In the example of FIGS. 11 to 14, the floor unit 10 supported by the arm 4 is raised along with the extension of all the supports 3, while the floor unit 10 of the trailer 12 that has entered below the raised floor unit 10 is changed to the pillar 3. The other arm 4 can be supported. Specifically, in order to enable an arm 4 different from the arm 4 supporting the raised floor unit 10 to support the next floor unit 10 of the trailer 12 that has entered under the raised floor unit 10. The strut 3 is composed of two strut members 31 and 32 arranged in parallel in the length direction of the rail 2, and the arms 4 and 4 are supported on the side surfaces of the strut members 31 and 32 on the side of the strut 3 facing each other. Yes.

  Of the strut components 31 and 32 arranged in parallel, one strut component 31 is fixed to the rail 2, and the other strut component 32 is connected to the one strut component 31 so as to be relatively movable in the axial direction. The arm 4 is supported by the respective strut members 31 and 32 so as to be movable up and down. The other support member 32 is connected to the support member 31 in such a manner that it can be moved up and down, for example, while the support member 31 is held in the width direction by the other support member 32. , 32 can be achieved by interposing a roller parallel in the axial direction at a portion facing in the width direction. Here, the width direction is a direction orthogonal to the parallel direction of the column-constituting members 31 and 32 arranged in parallel, and indicates the direction in which the columns 3 and 3 are opposed to the parallel direction of the rails 2 and 2.

  In this case, as shown in FIG. 13 and FIG. 14, the roller is a strut in the width direction of the strut 3 in a section where the other strut constituent material 32 overlaps the one strut constituent material 31 when the strut 3 is fully extended. It is housed in a form that fits between the opposite sides of the three and three opposing directions, and rotates while constantly contacting both the strut constituent members 31, 32, so that the other strut constituent member 32 becomes one strut constituent member 31. On the other hand, they are moved relative to each other in the axial direction so as to expand and contract as the support column 3.

  In FIG. 11, the trailer 12 loaded with the floor unit 10 enters the unloading area A when all the columns 3 are contracted, adjusts the position of the trailer 12 in the direction of entry, and moves to the position of the arm 4 of each column 3. The state when the position of the floor unit 10 in the length direction is matched is shown. The bottom surface of the floor unit 10 is located above the upper surface of the arm 4. Also in this example, when the trailer 12 enters, the column member 11a of the column unit 11 composed only of the column member 11a continuous with the column member 10a of the floor unit 10 is placed on the floor unit 10 in a state of being laid down. After the arms 4 of all the columns 3 support the floor unit 10, the trailer 12 is withdrawn from between the columns 3 and 3 facing each other as shown in FIG. 12.

  After that, as shown in FIG. 13, all the columns 3 are extended to raise the floor unit 10 so that the trailer 12 loaded with a new floor unit 10 can be accepted, and the column unit 11 is moved on the raised floor unit 10. While positioning the column member 11a in two directions using the horizontal marking device 8 and the vertical marking device 9, the column member 11a is erected using the crane 6 supported by the beam 5, and the column member 11a is joined to the floor unit 10. Then, another unit 16 that is a unit to be hung at the building construction site is assembled. The position where the floor unit 10 is raised becomes an assembly region B for assembling the separate unit 16.

  The raised floor unit 10 in FIG. 13 is supported by the arm 4 of the other strut component 32 that is raised relative to one strut component 31 fixed to the rail 2, and in FIG. The floor unit 10 on the entered trailer 12 is temporarily supported by the arm 4 of one strut component 31.

  As shown in FIG. 14, the separate unit 16 assembled in the assembly region B is connected to a frame 17 supported by a wire 18 on a crane 15 different from the unloading and assembling apparatus 1, and is lifted by the crane 15 to be Suspended at construction site. When the other unit 16 is lifted, it is separated from the strut component 32 so that one end of the beam 5 laid between the tops of the other strut components 32, 32 raised does not obstruct the lifting. The fact that one end of the beam 5 is separated from the column constituting member 32 on that side means that, for example, the other end of the beam 5 is rotatable around the axis of the column 3 at the top of the column constituting member 32 on that side. It becomes possible by being connected to.

  The trailer 12 loaded with the next floor unit 10 is made to enter the unloading area A secured immediately below the assembly area B before and after the lifting of the separate unit 16 by the crane 15, and on the trailer 12. The floor unit 10 is supported by the arm 4 of one support member 31 fixed to the rail 2. After the other unit 16 is lifted from the assembly area B, the other rising strut component 32 where the floor unit 10 is absent is lowered to return to the state shown in FIG. Instead of the arm 4 of the one column constituting member 31 supporting the floor unit 10, the arm 4 of the other column constituting member 32 supports the floor unit 10 and is prepared for the raising of the floor unit 10. Thereafter, the operations of FIGS. 11 to 14 are repeated.

1 …… Unloading and assembling equipment,
2 …… Rail,
3 ... posts, 3a ... wheels, 3b ... brackets, 3c ... grooves, 31 ... (one) prop constituent material, 32 ... (the other) prop constituent material,
4 ... arm, 41 ... bracket, 41a ... connecting portion, 41b ... receiving portion, 41c ... rotating shaft,
5 ... Beam, 6 ... Crane, 7 ... Guide,
8 …… Horizontal marking device, 9 …… Vertical marking device,
10: Floor unit, 10a: Column member, 10b: Floor member,
11: Column unit, 11a: Column member,
12 ... Trailer,
13 ... Roof, 14 ... Outer wall,
15 …… Crane,
16 …… Another unit,
17 ... Frame, 18 ... Wire,
A: Unloading area, B: Assembly area.

Claims (8)

  Pre-assembled, parallel rails that are laid directly or indirectly on the ground at a distance greater than the width dimension of the floor unit that constitutes the assembly-type building, and standing on each of the parallel rails, A plurality of struts facing each other in the parallel direction of the rails, and the struts on each rail are adjacent to each other with a distance in the length direction of the rails and facing each other in the parallel direction of the rails An unloading and assembling apparatus for an assembly-type building unit, wherein an arm for receiving the floor unit is supported on.   2. The unloading and assembling apparatus for an assembly-type building unit according to claim 1, wherein the column is erected so as to be movable along the rail.   The unloading and assembling apparatus for an assembly-type building unit according to claim 1, wherein the column is extendable in the axial direction.   4. The arm according to claim 1, wherein the arm is supported by the column so as to be rotatable about an axis parallel to the axis of the column or about an axis parallel to the axis of the rail. An unloading and assembling apparatus for an assembly-type building unit according to any one of the above.   The unloading and assembling apparatus for an assembly-type building unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the arm is supported so as to be movable up and down in the axial direction of the support column.   6. A beam is installed between the tops of the opposing struts, and a crane capable of supporting at least a member combined with the floor unit is supported on the beam. Unloading and assembling equipment for assembly-type building units described in 1.   The assembly according to claim 6, wherein the crane is supported by a guide supported by the beam so as to be rotatable about an axis parallel to the axis of the support column so as to be movable in a length direction thereof. Unloading and assembling equipment for type building units. The horizontal marking device for irradiating a laser beam to at least one of the opposed columns is installed, and the vertical marking device for irradiating the beam to the beam is installed. The unloading and assembling apparatus for an assembly-type building unit according to claim 7.

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