JP2016150371A - Butt weld method for thick steel plate, butt weld joint formed by the same, and weld structure having the butt weld joint - Google Patents

Butt weld method for thick steel plate, butt weld joint formed by the same, and weld structure having the butt weld joint Download PDF

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JP2016150371A
JP2016150371A JP2015030244A JP2015030244A JP2016150371A JP 2016150371 A JP2016150371 A JP 2016150371A JP 2015030244 A JP2015030244 A JP 2015030244A JP 2015030244 A JP2015030244 A JP 2015030244A JP 2016150371 A JP2016150371 A JP 2016150371A
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welding
thick steel
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steel plate
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渉平 上月
Tadahei Kozuki
渉平 上月
早川 直哉
Naoya Hayakawa
直哉 早川
大井 健次
Kenji Oi
健次 大井
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JFE Steel Corp
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a butt weld method for a thick steel plate that enables a weld metal having an excellent tenacity to be obtained by simple means when a thick steel plate (10-40 mm thick) is butt-welded by combining laser welding with submerge arc welding, a butt weld joint for a thick steel plate by the butt weld method, and a weld structure having the butt weld joint.SOLUTION: In a butt weld method for a thick steel plate 1, a laser weld machine is disposed ahead in a direction of weld progress, and a submerge arc weld machine is disposed behind to individually form a molten pool by preceding laser welding and a molten pool by succeeding submerge arc welding, and the distance L(mm) between a laser irradiation point of laser welding and an arc point of submerge arc welding satisfies L≤1.2×10×v×t/(Q×C), and heat input Q(J/mm) of submerge arc welding satisfies Q≥0.5×10×Q×t/C.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、厚鋼板の突合せ溶接方法、およびそれによって形成される突合せ溶接継手、ならびにその突合せ溶接継手を有する溶接構造物に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a butt welding method for thick steel plates, a butt weld joint formed thereby, and a welded structure having the butt weld joint.

レーザ溶接は、エネルギー密度が高いので、溶込みを深くし、かつ溶接速度を速くすることが可能であることから、厚鋼板の突合せ溶接に好適な能率の良い溶接技術として期待されている。しかも、溶接の熱影響が及ぶ領域が著しく小さいので、熱による歪みや変形が小さい良好な形状の突合せ溶接継手が得られるという利点を有している。   Laser welding is expected as a highly efficient welding technique suitable for butt welding of thick steel plates because it has a high energy density and can deepen penetration and increase the welding speed. And since the area | region to which the heat influence of welding is remarkably small, it has the advantage that the distortion | strain and deformation | transformation by a heat | fever and a favorable shape can be obtained.

しかしレーザ溶接は、入熱が極めて小さいので、溶接後の冷却速度が速くなり、溶接金属が硬化するのは避けられず、その結果、溶接金属の靭性が劣化するという欠点を有している。そこで、レーザ溶接によって形成される溶接金属の靭性劣化を防止する技術が検討されている。   However, laser welding has a drawback that since the heat input is extremely small, the cooling rate after welding is increased, and the weld metal is unavoidably hardened. As a result, the toughness of the weld metal is deteriorated. Therefore, a technique for preventing toughness deterioration of a weld metal formed by laser welding has been studied.

たとえば特許文献1には、鋼板に適正な量のTiやBを添加し、かつAlとOの含有比率およびCeq(すなわち炭素当量)を適正に調整することによって、レーザ溶接の溶接金属を微細なアシキュラーフェライト組織とし、その結果、溶接金属の靭性を改善する技術が開示されている。   For example, in Patent Document 1, a proper amount of Ti or B is added to a steel plate, and the Al and O content ratio and Ceq (that is, carbon equivalent) are appropriately adjusted to finely adjust the weld metal for laser welding. Techniques have been disclosed that provide an acicular ferrite structure and, as a result, improve the toughness of the weld metal.

特許文献2には、鋼板の成分を適正に調整することによって、レーザ溶接の溶接金属のオーステナイト粒径を微細にするとともに、微細かつ少量の析出物(すなわち炭化物、島状マルテンサイト)が分散したマルテンサイト組織とし、その結果、溶接金属の靭性を改善する技術が開示されている。   In Patent Document 2, by appropriately adjusting the components of the steel sheet, the austenite grain size of the weld metal for laser welding is made fine, and fine and small amount of precipitates (that is, carbide and island martensite) are dispersed. A technique has been disclosed that provides a martensitic structure and, as a result, improves the toughness of the weld metal.

これら特許文献1、2に開示された技術は、鋼板の用途や寸法に応じた成分を設計する必要がある。したがって、汎用の鋼板の突合せ溶接に、これらの技術を適用するのは困難である。とりわけ、厚鋼板の突合せ溶接では、レーザ溶接後の冷却速度が大幅に増加するので、溶接金属が著しく硬化し、靭性の劣化を招く。   In the techniques disclosed in these Patent Documents 1 and 2, it is necessary to design components according to the use and dimensions of the steel sheet. Therefore, it is difficult to apply these techniques to butt welding of general-purpose steel plates. In particular, in the butt welding of thick steel plates, the cooling rate after laser welding is greatly increased, so that the weld metal is significantly hardened and the toughness is deteriorated.

そこで、レーザ溶接の欠点を補いながら、その利点を活用する溶接技術として、レーザ溶接とアーク溶接を組合せた複合溶接が検討されている。   Therefore, composite welding combining laser welding and arc welding has been studied as a welding technique that makes use of the advantages of laser welding while compensating for the shortcomings of laser welding.

たとえば特許文献3に、厚鋼板の突合せ溶接で形成される溶接金属を軟質化するために、Y開先のルート面を複合溶接で接合した後、サブマージアーク溶接で突合せ部全体を接合する技術が開示されている。しかしこの技術は、レーザ溶接とガスメタルアーク溶接あるいはプラズマアーク溶接とを組合せた複合溶接の後に、さらにサブマージアーク溶接を行なうので、溶接装置の構成のみならず、溶接施工の作業手順が複雑になり、施工コストの上昇を招く。   For example, Patent Document 3 discloses a technique for joining the entire butt portion by submerged arc welding after joining the root surfaces of the Y groove by composite welding in order to soften the weld metal formed by butt welding of thick steel plates. It is disclosed. However, in this technology, submerged arc welding is further performed after combined welding combining laser welding and gas metal arc welding or plasma arc welding, so that not only the construction of the welding equipment but also the work procedure of welding construction becomes complicated. Incurs an increase in construction costs.

特許文献4には、厚鋼板の突合せ溶接の溶接速度を向上するために、先行するレーザ溶接にて、フィラーを供給しながらY開先のルート面を接合し、引き続き、サブマージアーク溶接で突合せ部全体を接合する複合溶接の技術が開示されている。しかしこの技術は、先行するレーザ溶接によって形成される硬質の溶接金属を、後行するサブマージアーク溶接で十分に軟化させることができず、その結果、溶接金属の靭性の劣化を招く。   In Patent Document 4, in order to improve the welding speed of butt welding of a thick steel plate, the root surface of the Y groove is joined by supplying the filler in the preceding laser welding, and then the butt portion is obtained by submerged arc welding. The technique of the composite welding which joins the whole is disclosed. However, this technique cannot sufficiently soften the hard weld metal formed by the preceding laser welding by the subsequent submerged arc welding, resulting in deterioration of the toughness of the weld metal.

特開2003-200284号公報JP 2003-200284 JP 特開2008-184672号公報JP 2008-184672 A 特表2013-514181号公報Special Table 2013-514181 特表2014-510642号公報Special table 2014-510642 gazette

本発明は、従来の技術の問題点を解消し、レーザ溶接とサブマージアーク溶接を組み合わせて厚鋼板の突合せ溶接を行なうにあたって、優れた靭性を有する溶接金属を簡便な手段で得ることができる厚鋼板の突合せ溶接方法、その突合せ溶接方法によって厚鋼板を接合してなる厚鋼板の突合せ溶接継手、その突合せ溶接方法によって厚鋼板を接合した突合せ溶接継手を有する溶接構造物を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention eliminates the problems of the prior art, and in performing butt welding of a thick steel plate by combining laser welding and submerged arc welding, a thick steel plate capable of obtaining a weld metal having excellent toughness by a simple means It is an object of the present invention to provide a butt welding method, a butt welded joint of thick steel plates obtained by joining thick steel plates by the butt welding method, and a welded structure having a butt welded joint obtained by joining thick steel plates by the butt welding method. .

入熱が小さい故に、溶接金属の靭性が劣化するというレーザ溶接の欠点を解消するために、本発明者はサブマージアーク溶接を併用する溶接技術に着目した。サブマージアーク溶接は、大電流を供給して、入熱の増大すなわちワイヤ溶着量の増加が可能であるから、溶接速度を増速することができる。したがって、レーザ溶接とサブマージアーク溶接を組み合わせることによって、レーザ溶接の利点を損なうことなく、レーザ溶接の欠点を補うことができる。   In order to eliminate the disadvantage of laser welding in which the toughness of the weld metal deteriorates because the heat input is small, the present inventor has focused on a welding technique using submerged arc welding together. In submerged arc welding, it is possible to increase the heat input, that is, increase the amount of wire welding by supplying a large current, so that the welding speed can be increased. Therefore, by combining laser welding and submerged arc welding, the disadvantages of laser welding can be compensated without detracting from the advantages of laser welding.

そして本発明者らは、レーザ溶接とサブマージアーク溶接を組み合わせる溶接技術について詳細に研究した。その結果、溶接進行方向にレーザ溶接を先行させ、引き続き、後行するサブマージアーク溶接でレーザ溶接の熱履歴を制御することによって、優れた靭性を有する溶接金属を得ることができ、しかも溶接熱影響部の靭性も改善できることを見出した。ここで、レーザ溶接の熱履歴の制御とは、先行するレーザ溶接による溶接金属(以下、レーザ溶接金属という)が、靭性劣化の原因となるマルテンサイト変態を生じる温度域まで冷却される前に、後行するサブマージアーク溶接によってレーザ溶接金属を再加熱して下部ベイナイト組織を形成することを意味する。   The inventors have studied in detail a welding technique that combines laser welding and submerged arc welding. As a result, a weld metal having excellent toughness can be obtained by controlling the thermal history of laser welding with laser beam welding in the welding direction and subsequent submerged arc welding. It was found that the toughness of the part can also be improved. Here, the control of the thermal history of laser welding means that the preceding welded metal by laser welding (hereinafter referred to as laser welded metal) is cooled to a temperature range that causes martensitic transformation that causes toughness deterioration. It means that the laser weld metal is reheated by subsequent submerged arc welding to form a lower bainite structure.

つまり、先行のレーザ溶接と後行のサブマージアーク溶接の距離を適正に調整することによって、レーザ溶接金属の靭性を改善することができる。また、サブマージアーク溶接による溶接金属(以下、アーク溶接金属という)および溶接熱影響部の靭性は、入熱を適正に調整することによって、改善することができる。   That is, the toughness of the laser weld metal can be improved by appropriately adjusting the distance between the preceding laser welding and the subsequent submerged arc welding. Further, the toughness of the weld metal (hereinafter referred to as arc weld metal) and the weld heat affected zone by submerged arc welding can be improved by appropriately adjusting the heat input.

本発明は、このような知見に基づいてなされたものである。   The present invention has been made based on such knowledge.

すなわち本発明は、厚鋼板の突合せ溶接方法において、溶接進行方向の前方にレーザ溶接機を配設し、後方にサブマージアーク溶接機を配設し、先行するレーザ溶接による溶融池と後行するサブマージアーク溶接による溶融池とをそれぞれ個別に形成し、かつレーザ溶接のレーザ照射点とサブマージアーク溶接のアーク点との距離L(mm)が(1)式を満足するとともに、サブマージアーク溶接の入熱QSAW(J/mm)が(2)式を満足する厚鋼板の突合せ溶接方法である。
L(mm)≦1.2×10-3×v×t2/(QLBW×Cm) ・・・(1)
SAW(J/mm)≧0.5×10-6×QLBW×t2/Cm ・・・(2)
LBW=P/v
m=ρ×c×λ
v:溶接速度(mm/秒)
t:厚鋼板の板厚(mm)
LBW:レーザ溶接の入熱(J/mm)
P:レーザ溶接の出力(W)
Cm:材料定数
ρ:厚鋼板の密度(g/mm3
c:厚鋼板の比熱(J/〔g・K〕)
λ:厚鋼板の熱伝導率(W/〔mm・K〕)
また本発明は、上記の突合せ溶接方法によって厚鋼板を接合してなる厚鋼板の突合せ溶接継手である。
That is, according to the present invention, in the butt welding method for thick steel plates, a laser welder is disposed in front of the welding direction, a submerged arc welder is disposed behind, and the submerged following the molten pool by the preceding laser welding. The weld pool is formed individually by arc welding, and the distance L (mm) between the laser irradiation point of laser welding and the arc point of submerged arc welding satisfies the equation (1), and the heat input of submerged arc welding Q SAW (J / mm) is a butt welding method for thick steel plates satisfying the formula (2).
L (mm) ≦ 1.2 × 10 −3 × v × t 2 / (Q LBW × C m ) (1)
Q SAW (J / mm) ≧ 0.5 × 10 −6 × Q LBW × t 2 / C m (2)
Q LBW = P / v
C m = ρ × c × λ
v: Welding speed (mm / sec)
t: Thick steel plate thickness (mm)
Q LBW : Laser welding heat input (J / mm)
P: Laser welding output (W)
Cm: Material constant ρ: Density of thick steel plate (g / mm 3 )
c: Specific heat of thick steel plate (J / [g · K])
λ: Thermal conductivity of thick steel plate (W / [mm · K])
Moreover, this invention is a butt-welding joint of the thick steel plate formed by joining a thick steel plate by said butt welding method.

また本発明は、上記の突合せ溶接方法によって厚鋼板を接合した突合せ溶接継手を有すること溶接構造物である。   Moreover, this invention is a welded structure which has a butt-welded joint which joined the thick steel plate by said butt-welding method.

本発明によれば、レーザ溶接とサブマージアーク溶接を組み合わせて厚鋼板の突合せ溶接を行なうにあたって、優れた靭性を有する溶接金属を簡便な手段で得ることができ、その結果、優れた靭性を有する溶接金属によって形成される突合せ溶接継手、およびその突合せ溶接継手を有する溶接構造物を得ることが可能となり、産業上格段の効果を奏する。   According to the present invention, when performing butt welding of thick steel plates by combining laser welding and submerged arc welding, a weld metal having excellent toughness can be obtained by a simple means, and as a result, welding having excellent toughness. It becomes possible to obtain a butt-welded joint formed of metal and a welded structure having the butt-welded joint, which has a remarkable industrial effect.

本発明の突合せ溶接方法を適用する開先の例を模式的に示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows typically the example of the groove | channel which applies the butt welding method of this invention. 本発明で用いるレーザ溶接機とサブマージアーク溶接機の配置の例を模式的に示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows typically the example of arrangement | positioning of the laser welding machine and submerged arc welding machine which are used by this invention. 突合せ溶接継手におけるレーザ溶接金属、アーク溶接金属、溶接熱影響部を模式的に示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows typically the laser weld metal in a butt weld joint, an arc weld metal, and a welding heat affected zone. 図3に示す突合せ溶接継手からシャルピー衝撃試験片を採取した位置を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the position which extract | collected the Charpy impact test piece from the butt-welded joint shown in FIG.

図1は、本発明の突合せ溶接方法を適用する開先の例として、Y開先を模式的に示す断面図である。図1中のtは板厚(mm)、θは開先角度(°)、hは開先深さ(mm)である。以下では、図1〜3を参照して、厚鋼板のY開先による突合せ溶接を行なう例について説明する。   FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a Y groove as an example of a groove to which the butt welding method of the present invention is applied. In FIG. 1, t is the plate thickness (mm), θ is the groove angle (°), and h is the groove depth (mm). Below, with reference to FIGS. 1-3, the example which performs the butt welding by the Y groove | channel of a thick steel plate is demonstrated.

図1に示すような加工を側面に施した厚鋼板1を突合せてY開先をなし、図2に示すようにレーザ溶接機5を先行させて、ルート面2のレーザ溶接を行なう。図2中の矢印Aは、溶接進行方向を示す。レーザ溶接機5の後方にはサブマージアーク溶接機8が配設されており、レーザ溶接金属3の上部およびY開先の開口部のサブマージアーク溶接を行なう。サブマージアーク溶接に必要なフラックス9は、レーザ溶接機5とサブマージアーク溶接機8の中間に位置するフラックスホッパー7から供給される。また、レーザ溶接機5のレーザ照射点にフラックス9が流れ込むのを防止するために、フラックスストッパー6を配設することが好ましい。   A thick steel plate 1 having a side surface processed as shown in FIG. 1 is abutted to form a Y groove, and a laser welding machine 5 is preceded as shown in FIG. An arrow A in FIG. 2 indicates the welding progress direction. A submerged arc welder 8 is disposed behind the laser welder 5 to perform submerged arc welding of the upper portion of the laser weld metal 3 and the opening of the Y groove. The flux 9 necessary for the submerged arc welding is supplied from a flux hopper 7 located between the laser welding machine 5 and the submerged arc welding machine 8. Further, in order to prevent the flux 9 from flowing into the laser irradiation point of the laser welding machine 5, it is preferable to dispose a flux stopper 6.

こうして、図3に示すように、レーザ溶接金属3の上部から厚鋼板1の上面までサブマージアーク溶接金属4が形成され、かつサブマージアーク溶接による溶接熱影響部11が生じる。なおレーザ溶接による熱影響部は、既に説明した通り著しく小さいので、本発明を適用して形成される突合せ溶接継手の特性に影響を及ぼさない。したがって、レーザ溶接による熱影響部は図示を省略する。   In this way, as shown in FIG. 3, the submerged arc weld metal 4 is formed from the upper part of the laser weld metal 3 to the upper surface of the thick steel plate 1, and the welding heat affected zone 11 is generated by the submerged arc welding. The heat-affected zone by laser welding is extremely small as already described, and therefore does not affect the characteristics of the butt weld joint formed by applying the present invention. Therefore, illustration of the heat affected zone by laser welding is omitted.

図2に示すレーザ溶接機5のレーザ照射点とサブマージアーク溶接機8のアーク点との距離L(mm)が大きすぎると、レーザ溶接による溶融池が、サブマージアーク溶接によって再加熱される前にマルテンサイト変態を起こしてしまうので、レーザ溶接金属3全体がマルテンサイト組織となり、靭性の劣化を招く。したがって距離Lは、下記の(1)式を満足する必要がある。   If the distance L (mm) between the laser irradiation point of the laser welding machine 5 and the arc point of the submerged arc welding machine 8 shown in FIG. 2 is too large, the weld pool by laser welding is reheated by submerged arc welding. Since the martensitic transformation is caused, the entire laser weld metal 3 has a martensitic structure, resulting in deterioration of toughness. Therefore, the distance L needs to satisfy the following formula (1).

一方で、距離L(mm)が小さすぎると、レーザビーム12がサブマージアーク溶接のフラックス9に照射され、安定した溶接ができないという問題が生じる。したがって、レーザ溶接による溶融池とサブマージアーク溶接による溶融池が、それぞれ個別に形成されるように距離Lを保つ必要がある。   On the other hand, if the distance L (mm) is too small, the laser beam 12 is irradiated onto the flux 9 of the submerged arc welding, which causes a problem that stable welding cannot be performed. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain the distance L so that the molten pool by laser welding and the molten pool by submerged arc welding are formed individually.

また、サブマージアーク溶接の入熱QSAW(J/mm)が小さすぎると、レーザ溶接金属3全体を再加熱できないので、部分的にマルテンサイト組織が形成され、靭性の劣化を引き起こす。したがって入熱QSAW(J/mm)は、下記の(2)式を満足する必要がある。
L(mm)≦1.2×10-3×v×t2/(QLBW×Cm) ・・・(1)
SAW(J/mm)≧0.5×10-6×QLBW×t2/Cm ・・・(2)
LBW=P/v
m=ρ×c×λ
v:溶接速度(mm/秒)
t:厚鋼板の板厚(mm)
LBW:レーザ溶接の入熱(J/mm)
P:レーザ溶接の出力(W)
Cm:材料定数
ρ:厚鋼板の密度(g/mm3
c:厚鋼板の比熱(J/〔g・K〕)
λ:厚鋼板の熱伝導率(W/〔mm・K〕)
つまり、レーザ溶接とサブマージアーク溶接による溶融池が個別に形成され、かつ(1)式を満足するように距離Lを調整し、入熱QSAW(J/mm)が(2)式を満足するように調整することによって、靭性劣化の原因となるマルテンサイト変態を生じる温度域までレーザ溶接金属3が冷却される前に、サブマージアーク溶接によってレーザ溶接金属3全体を再加熱して下部ベイナイト組織を形成することが可能となる。
Further, if the heat input Q SAW (J / mm) of the submerged arc welding is too small, the entire laser weld metal 3 cannot be reheated, so that a martensite structure is partially formed and the toughness is deteriorated. Therefore, the heat input Q SAW (J / mm) needs to satisfy the following formula (2).
L (mm) ≦ 1.2 × 10 −3 × v × t 2 / (Q LBW × C m ) (1)
Q SAW (J / mm) ≧ 0.5 × 10 −6 × Q LBW × t 2 / C m (2)
Q LBW = P / v
C m = ρ × c × λ
v: Welding speed (mm / sec)
t: Thick steel plate thickness (mm)
Q LBW : Laser welding heat input (J / mm)
P: Laser welding output (W)
Cm: Material constant ρ: Density of thick steel plate (g / mm 3 )
c: Specific heat of thick steel plate (J / [g · K])
λ: Thermal conductivity of thick steel plate (W / [mm · K])
That is, the weld pool is formed separately by laser welding and submerged arc welding, and the distance L is adjusted so as to satisfy the equation (1), and the heat input Q SAW (J / mm) satisfies the equation (2). By adjusting so that, before the laser weld metal 3 is cooled to a temperature range that causes martensitic transformation that causes toughness deterioration, the entire laser weld metal 3 is reheated by submerged arc welding to form a lower bainite structure. It becomes possible to form.

なお、通常の厚鋼板では、ρは7.6〜8.2g/mm3、cは0.4〜1.0J/〔g・K〕、λは0.07〜0.03W/〔mm・K〕である。 In a normal thick steel plate, ρ is 7.6 to 8.2 g / mm 3 , c is 0.4 to 1.0 J / [g · K], and λ is 0.07 to 0.03 W / [mm · K].

突合せ溶接に供する厚鋼板1の板厚tは、特に限定しない。ただし、板厚tが小さすぎると、サブマージアーク溶接による再加熱で温度が高くなりすぎるため、下部ベイナイト組織を形成し難くなる。板厚tが大きすぎると、サブマージアーク溶接によってレーザ溶接金属3全体を再加熱することが困難になり、部分的にマルテンサイト組織が形成される。したがって、板厚tは10〜40mmが好ましい。   The plate thickness t of the thick steel plate 1 used for butt welding is not particularly limited. However, if the plate thickness t is too small, the temperature becomes too high due to reheating by submerged arc welding, so that it is difficult to form the lower bainite structure. If the plate thickness t is too large, it becomes difficult to reheat the entire laser weld metal 3 by submerged arc welding, and a martensite structure is partially formed. Therefore, the plate thickness t is preferably 10 to 40 mm.

また、図1〜3にY開先の例を示したが、開先の形状は特に限定しない。ただし、突合せ溶接に供する厚鋼板1の間隔が広い部位(たとえば図1に示すY開先の厚鋼板1の上面側)はレーザ溶接が困難であるから、ルート面を備えた開先(たとえばY開先、I開先、X開先等)に本発明を適用して、そのルート面をレーザ溶接で接合することが好ましい。   Moreover, although the example of Y groove | channel was shown in FIGS. 1-3, the shape of a groove | channel is not specifically limited. However, a portion having a wide interval between the thick steel plates 1 to be subjected to butt welding (for example, the upper surface side of the thick steel plate 1 with a Y groove shown in FIG. 1) is difficult to perform laser welding. It is preferable to apply the present invention to a groove, an I groove, an X groove, etc.) and join the root surfaces by laser welding.

このようにして厚鋼板の突合せ溶接を行なうことによって、厚鋼板の成分を限定する必要はなく、汎用の厚鋼板の突合せ溶接にて優れた靭性を有する溶接金属を得ることができる。   By performing butt welding of thick steel plates in this way, it is not necessary to limit the components of the thick steel plates, and a weld metal having excellent toughness can be obtained by butt welding of general-purpose thick steel plates.

表1に示す成分の厚鋼板1に、図1に示すような開先加工を施し、突合せ溶接継手とした。その手順を以下に説明する。なお、厚鋼板1の板厚と開先寸法は、表2に示す通りである。   The thick steel plate 1 having the components shown in Table 1 was subjected to groove processing as shown in FIG. 1 to obtain a butt weld joint. The procedure will be described below. The plate thickness and groove size of the thick steel plate 1 are as shown in Table 2.

Figure 2016150371
Figure 2016150371

Figure 2016150371
Figure 2016150371

図2に示すように、レーザ溶接機5を先行させてルート面2のレーザ溶接を行ない、引き続き、レーザ溶接金属3の上部およびY開先の開口部のサブマージアーク溶接を行なった。サブマージアーク溶接に必要なフラックス9はフラックスホッパー7から供給し、さらに、フラックス9がレーザ溶接機5のレーザ照射点にフラックス9が流れ込まないようにフラックスストッパー6を使用した。   As shown in FIG. 2, laser welding of the root surface 2 was performed with the laser welding machine 5 in advance, and then the submerged arc welding of the upper portion of the laser welding metal 3 and the opening of the Y groove was performed. A flux 9 necessary for submerged arc welding is supplied from a flux hopper 7, and a flux stopper 6 is used so that the flux 9 does not flow into the laser irradiation point of the laser welding machine 5.

レーザ溶接およびサブマージアーク溶接の条件は、表3、4に示す通りである。(1)式および(2)式の右辺を算出するにあたって、厚鋼板の密度ρ、比熱c、熱伝導率λは、それぞれρ=0.00786g/mm3、c=0.46J/(g・K)、λ=0.05W/(mm・K)とした。 The conditions of laser welding and submerged arc welding are as shown in Tables 3 and 4. In calculating the right side of the equations (1) and (2), the density ρ, specific heat c, and thermal conductivity λ of the thick steel plate are ρ = 0.786 g / mm 3 and c = 0.46 J / (g · K), respectively. Λ = 0.05 W / (mm · K).

Figure 2016150371
Figure 2016150371

Figure 2016150371
Figure 2016150371

こうして形成された突合せ溶接継手からVノッチシャルピー衝試験片を採取して、JIS規格Z3111に準拠してシャルピー衝撃試験を行なった。試験片採取位置10は、図4に示す通り、ノッチ位置がレーザ溶接金属3の中央部と一致するようにした。   A V-notch Charpy impact test piece was collected from the butt welded joint thus formed, and a Charpy impact test was performed in accordance with JIS standard Z3111. As shown in FIG. 4, the specimen collection position 10 was set so that the notch position coincided with the center of the laser weld metal 3.

表3、4から明らかなように、発明例は、遷移温度vrsが−22〜−32℃であり、優れた靭性を有することが確かめられた。 As is apparent from Tables 3 and 4, the inventive example has a transition temperature v T rs of −22 to −32 ° C., and has been confirmed to have excellent toughness.

これに対して比較例である継手番号3、4、5、11、12、13、19、20、21は、距離Lが(1)式を満足しないので、遷移温度vrsが上昇して、靭性が劣化した。また、継手番号6、14、15、22、23は、入熱QSAW(J/mm)が(2)式を満足しないので、靭性が劣化した。 On the other hand, the joint numbers 3, 4, 5, 11, 12, 13, 19, 20, and 21, which are comparative examples, increase the transition temperature v T rs because the distance L does not satisfy the equation (1). The toughness deteriorated. In addition, joint numbers 6, 14, 15, 22, and 23 deteriorated toughness because the heat input Q SAW (J / mm) did not satisfy the formula (2).

1 厚鋼板
2 ルート面
3 レーザ溶接金属
4 サブマージアーク溶接金属
5 レーザ溶接機
6 フラックスストッパー
7 フラックスホッパー
8 サブマージアーク溶接機
9 フラックス
10 試験片採取位置
11 溶接熱影響部
12 レーザビーム
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Thick steel plate 2 Root surface 3 Laser welding metal 4 Submerged arc welding metal 5 Laser welding machine 6 Flux stopper 7 Flux hopper 8 Submerged arc welding machine 9 Flux
10 Specimen sampling position
11 Weld heat affected zone
12 Laser beam

なお、通常の厚鋼板では、ρは7.6×10 -3 〜8.2×10 -3 g/mm3、cは0.4〜1.0J/〔g・K〕、λは0.07〜0.03W/〔mm・K〕である。
In a normal thick steel plate, ρ is 7.6 × 10 −3 to 8.2 × 10 −3 g / mm 3 , c is 0.4 to 1.0 J / [g · K], and λ is 0.07 to 0.03 W / [mm · K. ].

Claims (3)

厚鋼板の突合せ溶接方法において、溶接進行方向の前方にレーザ溶接機を配設し、後方にサブマージアーク溶接機を配設し、先行するレーザ溶接による溶融池と後行するサブマージアーク溶接による溶融池とをそれぞれ個別に形成し、かつ前記レーザ溶接のレーザ照射点と前記サブマージアーク溶接のアーク点との距離L(mm)が(1)式を満足するとともに、前記サブマージアーク溶接の入熱QSAW(J/mm)が(2)式を満足することを特徴とする厚鋼板の突合せ溶接方法。
L(mm)≦1.2×10-3×v×t2/(QLBW×Cm) ・・・(1)
SAW(J/mm)≧0.5×10-6×QLBW×t2/Cm ・・・(2)
LBW=P/v
m=ρ×c×λ
v:溶接速度(mm/秒)
t:厚鋼板の板厚(mm)
LBW:レーザ溶接の入熱(J/mm)
P:レーザ溶接の出力(W)
Cm:材料定数
ρ:厚鋼板の密度(g/mm3
c:厚鋼板の比熱(J/〔g・K〕)
λ:厚鋼板の熱伝導率(W/〔mm・K〕)
In the butt welding method for thick steel plates, a laser welder is disposed in front of the welding progress direction, a submerged arc welder is disposed behind, and a molten pool by the preceding laser welding and a molten pool by the subsequent submerged arc welding. Are separately formed, and the distance L (mm) between the laser irradiation point of the laser welding and the arc point of the submerged arc welding satisfies the expression (1), and the heat input Q SAW of the submerged arc welding. A butt welding method for thick steel plates, wherein (J / mm) satisfies the formula (2).
L (mm) ≦ 1.2 × 10 −3 × v × t 2 / (Q LBW × C m ) (1)
Q SAW (J / mm) ≧ 0.5 × 10 −6 × Q LBW × t 2 / C m (2)
Q LBW = P / v
C m = ρ × c × λ
v: Welding speed (mm / sec)
t: Thick steel plate thickness (mm)
Q LBW : Laser welding heat input (J / mm)
P: Laser welding output (W)
Cm: Material constant ρ: Density of thick steel plate (g / mm 3 )
c: Specific heat of thick steel plate (J / [g · K])
λ: Thermal conductivity of thick steel plate (W / [mm · K])
請求項1に記載の突合せ溶接方法によって厚鋼板を接合してなることを特徴とする厚鋼板の突合せ溶接継手。   A thick steel plate butt-welded joint, which is formed by joining thick steel plates by the butt welding method according to claim 1. 請求項1に記載の突合せ溶接方法によって厚鋼板を接合した突合せ溶接継手を有することを特徴とする溶接構造物。   A welded structure comprising a butt weld joint obtained by joining thick steel plates by the butt welding method according to claim 1.
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