JP2016149964A - Feed for cultured fish - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide feed for cultured fish and a seafood breeding method which can keep the freshness of seafood over a long period of time.SOLUTION: The feed for cultured fish comprises melon fruits or extract thereof.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

  The present invention relates to a fish feed and a method for raising seafood.

The freshness of fish and shellfish after landing is fast, and the quality of fresh food is lost in a short time. When the freshness of fish and shellfish decreases, for example, softening of meat quality, change in color tone, etc. are observed.
In recent years, such a decrease in freshness of fish and shellfish has been improved by temperature management during distribution, etc., but it is required to increase resistance to a decrease in freshness of fish and shellfish itself regardless of the distribution environment.

The freshness of seafood is often assessed visually. Particularly in red fish, the bloody meat portion changes from bright red / dark red to brown due to a decrease in freshness, so the quality of freshness is often judged by the degree of discoloration.
Therefore, conventionally, as a technique for maintaining the freshness of seafood, a method for improving or maintaining the color change of the blood muscle when the pepper, clove and green tea ingredients are fed to fish and processed into sashimi (Patent Document 1) There has been proposed a method (Patent Document 2) of feeding fish with proanthocyanidins and astaxanthin to improve the lightness, saturation, etc. of the fish body.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-266792 JP 2001-299232 A

However, even in the prior art, the effect of maintaining the freshness of seafood is not fully satisfactory.
Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the conventional situation as described above, and relates to providing a feed for fish farming and a method for rearing seafood that can maintain the freshness of seafood for a longer time. .

  As a result of intensive studies to solve the problem, the present inventor, when feeding melon fruits or extracts thereof to seafood, suppresses the occurrence of drip after landing and changes in color tone, and is high over a long period of time. It has been found that the freshness can be maintained, and the present invention has been completed.

That is, this invention solves the said subject with the feed for fish farming containing a melon fruit or its extract.
Moreover, this invention solves the said subject with the breeding method of the seafood which feeds the feed for fish farming containing said melon fruit or its extract, and breeds seafood.

  If fish and shellfish are bred with the feed for fish farming of the present invention, fish and shellfish that maintain high freshness for a long time after landing can be produced. In particular, in red fish such as yellowtail, the color tone of the bloody meat portion, which is generally used as an index for determining freshness, can be maintained as the original bright red color.

It is a figure which shows the peroxide value of the edible part on the 1st after an instant kill. It is a figure which shows the color tone of the bloody meat part of Hamachi 3 days after an instant kill. It is a figure which shows the drip incidence (%) until 4th after an instant kill.

The melon fruit used in the present invention is a fruit of melon (Cucumis melo L.) belonging to Cucurbitaceae. Examples of melon varieties include net melon, cantaloupe, winter melon, and the like, including subordinate varieties or hybrid varieties.
Fruit includes skin, pulp, seeds and the like, and any of them can be used.

The melon fruit can be used as it is dried or processed. Examples of the treatment include cutting, crushing, grinding, and crushing.
In addition, fruit juice obtained by pressing and squeezing fruit juice (turbidity, transparent), those obtained by pasting them, solids such as powder, granules, solids etc. by removing their moisture What was made into this state can be used. You may coat the thing made into the solid state with a fatty acid, fats and oils, etc. Examples of means for adjusting and removing moisture include freeze drying, evaporation to dryness, and spray drying.
As the fruit juice, so-called natural fruit juice (straight fruit juice), concentrated fruit juice obtained by concentrating straight fruit juice, diluted fruit juice obtained by diluting straight fruit juice, concentrated reduced fruit juice obtained by adding water or the like once concentrated to straight fruit juice, and returning to the original state. Etc. Of these, a dried fruit juice is preferable, and a freeze-dried fruit juice is more preferable from the viewpoint of excellent effects and handleability.

The extract of melon fruit is an extract obtained from melon fruit, and its form includes liquid form, paste form, powder form and the like. The extraction method may be any of immersion, decoction, leaching, reflux extraction, supercritical extraction, ultrasonic extraction, microwave extraction, and the like. The extraction solvent may be either a polar solvent or a nonpolar solvent, but water, lower alcohols such as ethanol are preferred, and water is more preferred.
The extract of melon fruit may be a crude product as long as it exhibits the effects of the present invention, or may be purified by a known separation and purification means. Known separation and purification means include organic solvent precipitation, centrifugation, ultrafiltration membrane, high performance liquid chromatograph, column chromatograph and the like.

The melon fruit or its extract preferably contains an antioxidant. Examples of antioxidant substances derived from melon fruits include antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase. The melon fruit or the extract thereof preferably has a SOD activity of 2 × 10 ⁶ U / kg-protein or more, more preferably 2.6 × 10 ⁶ U / kg-protein or more from the viewpoint that the freshness can be maintained for a long time. Further, it is preferably 5 × 10 ⁶ U / kg-protein or less, and more preferably 3 × 10 ⁶ U / kg-protein or less. The catalase activity is preferably 350,000 U / g-protein or more, more preferably 400,000 U / g-protein or more, and 500,000 U / g-protein or less, and further 450,000 U / g-protein or less. Preferably there is. These enzyme activities are measured by a known method.

  In fish feed, the content of melon fruit or its extract can be adjusted as appropriate according to the type, size, age, etc. of seafood, but in general, the freshness can be maintained over a long period of time. From the point of feeding and feeding, the feed prior to containing the melon fruit or its extract (outside) is 0.005% by mass or more, further 0.008 to 0.75% by mass, and further 0.01 to 0 It is preferable to add in the range of .15% by mass and further 0.01 to 0.05% by mass. In the present specification, the amount of melon fruit or its extract is in terms of lyophilized product.

  The feed for fish farming of the present invention includes, in addition to the above components, animal protein raw materials such as fish soluble, fish meal, meat meal, meat and bone meal, blood meal, krill meal, squid meal, etc .; Grains such as soybean powder, wheat flour and various starches; fats and oils such as fish oil, soybean oil, cottonseed oil, beef tallow and pork fat; yeasts, seaweed powder, vitamins, minerals, amino acids and the like.

  Fish feed can be prepared by a conventional method by blending melon fruit or an extract thereof, and optionally containing optional components. The form is not particularly limited, and can be, for example, pellets, flakes, mashes, liquids, and the like.

Even if feeding of the feed for fish farming of the present invention to the seafood is continued over the entire period from the start of the breeding of the seafood to the time of shipment, or during a certain period from the start of the breeding of the seafood to the time of shipment. Although it is good, it is preferable to carry out continuously over the whole period from the point that freshness can be maintained over a long period of time.
The feed amount of fish feed to seafood can be adjusted as appropriate according to the type, size, age, etc. of the seafood, but it is generally preferable to eat.

The method of feeding fish feed and breeding seafood is not particularly limited, and can be performed by a conventional method according to the type of fish and shellfish, age, and the like.
Examples of fish and shellfish that feed fish feed include fish such as yellowtail, amberjack, tuna, red sea bream, flounder, tiger puffer, eel, ayu, carp, bonito; shellfish such as shrimp and crab; octopus, squid, etc. Cephalopods and the like. Among them, according to the present invention, since the color tone of the bloody meat portion, which is generally used as an index for determining freshness, can be maintained over a long period of time as an original bright red color, yellowtail, amberjack, tuna, Red fish such as skipjack is preferred, and yellowtail is more preferred. In addition, the said fish contains the same fish of another name.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

  A basic feed having the composition shown in Table 1 below was prepared.

Test example 1
[Test method]
Test feeds 1 and 2 were obtained by adding 0.01% by mass and 0.1% by mass of lyophilized melon juice ("MELOFEED", manufactured by Lalland Animal Nutrition) to the basic feed shown in Table 1, respectively. .
The control group and test group were set as follows.
(Category)
Control group: Basic feed test group 1: Test feed 1 (0.01% by mass added group)
Test group 2: Test feed 2 (0.1% by mass added)

The hamachi having an average weight of 1.5 kg was used for 15 days per control group / test group, and was reared in an onshore water tank (capacity: 3.0 t) and reared for 94 days. The water temperature was about 20 ° C. During the test period, the test feed or basal feed was fed satiation once a day at a frequency of 6 times / week.
During the breeding period, 3 animals were drowned in the control group, but no drowning was observed in the test group.

After 94 days of breeding, the animals were randomly captured from the control and test groups, killed immediately, sliced into slices, and stored refrigerated at a temperature of 5 ° C.
One day after the killing, the peroxide value of the edible portion was analyzed by the acetic acid-chloroform method. The results are shown in FIG.
The color tone of the bloody meat portion was observed with the naked eye 3 days after the instant killing. The results are shown in FIG.
The drip of the edible portion that occurred up to 4 days after the instant kill was measured. The drip generation rate (%) was determined by dividing the generated drip weight by the weight of the hamachi fillet. The results are shown in FIG.

  As seen in the results of FIG. 1, in the hamachi of the test group fed with the feed to which the freeze-dried melon juice was added, the peroxide value of the edible portion was lower than that of the control group. The smaller the peroxide value, the better the freshness. Moreover, as seen in the results of FIGS. 2 to 3, in the hamachi of the test section, the softening of the meat quality after the landing was suppressed, and the color of the bloody meat portion remained clear and clean red. In particular, test section 1 fed with test feed 1 was excellent in the effect of maintaining freshness.

Claims (6)

A fish feed comprising melon fruit or an extract thereof.   The feed for fish farming according to claim 1, wherein the melon fruit or an extract thereof is melon juice or a dried product thereof.   The feed for fish farming according to claim 1 or 2, wherein melon fruit or an extract thereof is added in an amount of 0.005% by mass or more in an external ratio with respect to the feed before containing the melon fruit or the extract thereof.   The fishery feed according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the target seafood is yellowtail.   A method for raising seafood, comprising feeding a fish feed containing melon fruit or an extract thereof to raise seafood.   A seafood reared by the rearing method according to claim 5.